JP5946395B2 - Battery protection structure - Google Patents

Battery protection structure Download PDF

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JP5946395B2
JP5946395B2 JP2012254033A JP2012254033A JP5946395B2 JP 5946395 B2 JP5946395 B2 JP 5946395B2 JP 2012254033 A JP2012254033 A JP 2012254033A JP 2012254033 A JP2012254033 A JP 2012254033A JP 5946395 B2 JP5946395 B2 JP 5946395B2
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frame
battery
protector
cross
vehicle
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JP2014101009A (en
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稔 赤井
稔 赤井
川口　聡
聡 川口
浩之 初見
浩之 初見
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Aisin Keikinzoku Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は車両に搭載される電池を保護するための構造体に関する。   The present invention relates to a structure for protecting a battery mounted on a vehicle.

電気自動車，ハイブリッド車，プラグインハイブリッド車等においては、駆動源として二次電池が搭載されている。
走行距離の長距離化には大容量の二次電池が必要で、電池モジュールとして搭載されているが、重量が大きく高電圧であることから車両の衝突時には電池が破損しないように保護する必要がある。
また、衝突により電池が車体から落下しないことも重要である。
特許文献１に車体の床下に電池の収納部を設け、この収納部に２次電池ユニットを収納するとともに保護板を設けてある旨の記載があるものの、保護構造が明確でなく、また単なる保護板だけでは電池の保護が不充分である。
特許文献２に電池モジュールの周りを筒状フレームで囲み、この筒状フレームを円筒形状のカラー部材を介して車体側に固定する技術を開示する。
しかし、衝突荷重を筒状フレームで耐え得るには断面強度を上げる必要があり、軽量化が難しい。
また、車両の衝突方向が異なる場合を想定すると、フレームの接合部の強度を強くする必要があり、接合コストが高くなる。 In an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, and the like, a secondary battery is mounted as a drive source.
To increase the mileage, a secondary battery with a large capacity is required, and it is installed as a battery module. However, because it is heavy and has a high voltage, it must be protected from damage in the event of a vehicle collision. is there.
It is also important that the battery does not fall from the vehicle body due to a collision.
Although there is a description in Patent Document 1 that a battery storage part is provided under the floor of the vehicle body, a secondary battery unit is stored in this storage part, and a protective plate is provided, the protection structure is not clear and is merely a protection The battery alone is not enough to protect the battery.
Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which a battery module is surrounded by a cylindrical frame, and the cylindrical frame is fixed to the vehicle body via a cylindrical collar member.
However, in order to withstand the collision load with the cylindrical frame, it is necessary to increase the cross-sectional strength, and it is difficult to reduce the weight.
Further, assuming that the vehicle collision directions are different, it is necessary to increase the strength of the joint portion of the frame, which increases the joining cost.

特開平１０−５６７０１号公報JP-A-10-56701 特開２０１２−７１７６４号公報JP 2012-71764 A

本発明は軽量で、車両衝突時の衝撃の吸収性に優れた電池保護構造体の提供を目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a battery protection structure that is light in weight and excellent in shock absorption during a vehicle collision.

本発明は、車両に搭載する電池を保護するための構造体であって、前記構造体は電池の周辺に配置したフレーム枠体からなり、前記フレーム枠体は断面構造が相対的に断面変形しやすいエネルギー吸収部と断面変形しにくいプロテクタ部とからなり、当該プロテクタ部を電池側に配置したことを特徴とする。
ここで、エネルギー吸収部とプロテクタ部との関係は、車両の衝突時等に当該電池の保護構造体に衝撃力が負荷されると、エネルギー吸収部がプロテクタ部よりも断面形状が変形しやすくなっていて積極的な断面変形を誘導し、プロテクタ部の変形を抑えることで電池を保護するものである。
例えば、エネルギー部が変形する変形荷重に対して、プロテクタ部の変形荷重を１．２倍以上、あるいは１．５倍以上に設定する。 The present invention is a structure for protecting a battery mounted on a vehicle, and the structure includes a frame frame disposed around a battery, and the frame frame has a relatively cross-sectional deformed cross-sectional structure. It consists of an easy energy absorption part and a protector part that is difficult to deform in cross section, and the protector part is arranged on the battery side.
Here, the relationship between the energy absorbing portion and the protector portion is such that, when an impact force is applied to the protective structure of the battery in the event of a vehicle collision or the like, the cross section of the energy absorbing portion is more easily deformed than the protector portion. Therefore, the battery is protected by inducing positive cross-sectional deformation and suppressing the deformation of the protector.
For example, the deformation load of the protector part is set to 1.2 times or more, or 1.5 times or more with respect to the deformation load that the energy part deforms.

本発明において、フレーム枠体はフロントフレームとリアフレームの両端部を左右のサイドフレームにて連結した枠形状であり、前記連結部は一方のフレームの端部を前記エネルギー吸収部が残るように切り欠くとともに当該エネルギー吸収部が他方のフレームの端部に位置するように連結することができる。
ここで、フロントフレーム及びリアフレームと左右のサイドフレームの関係は、便宜上の表現である。
本明細書では電池保護構造体を車両に搭載した場合に、車両の前方側に位置するものをフロントフレーム，後方に位置するものをリアフレームと表現し、車両の幅方向の両側に位置するものを左右のサイドフレームと表現する。
このようなフレームの連結構造にすると、例えば車両が前突し、フロントフレームに衝撃が負荷されると、エネルギー吸収部で衝撃力を吸収しながら、荷重はフロントフレームの両端部に位置するエネルギー吸収部からその背面に位置するサイドフレームの前側の端部に伝達され、さらにサイドフレームを介してリアフレームに伝達されるので、衝撃力を電池保護構造体の全体で受けることになる。
また、車両が側突しサイドフレームに衝撃荷重が負荷されると、サイドフレームの背面側にフロントフレームとリアフレームのプロテクタ部が位置するので、サイドフレームに負荷された衝撃力は、上記と同様に保護構造体全体で受けることになる。 In the present invention, the frame body has a frame shape in which both ends of a front frame and a rear frame are connected by left and right side frames, and the connecting part cuts an end of one frame so that the energy absorbing part remains. It can be connected such that the energy absorbing part is located at the end of the other frame.
Here, the relationship between the front and rear frames and the left and right side frames is an expression for convenience.
In this specification, when a battery protection structure is mounted on a vehicle, the front frame of the vehicle is expressed as a front frame, the rear frame is expressed as a rear frame, and the vehicle is positioned on both sides of the vehicle in the width direction. Is expressed as the left and right side frames.
With such a frame connection structure, for example, when the vehicle projects forward and an impact is applied to the front frame, the energy is absorbed by the energy absorbing portion, and the load absorbs energy located at both ends of the front frame. Is transmitted to the rear end of the side frame located on the back side of the side frame, and further transmitted to the rear frame via the side frame, the impact force is received by the entire battery protection structure.
Also, when the vehicle collides sideways and an impact load is applied to the side frame, the front frame and the rear frame protector are located on the back side of the side frame, so the impact force applied to the side frame is the same as above. It will be received by the whole protective structure.

本発明において、プロテクタ部に配線部材を装着配置するための装着部を有するようにしてもよい。
このようにすると、プロテクタ部は断面変形しにくいのでワイヤーハーネス等の配線を保護でき、別部材を用いてこの配線部材を車体に取り付けたり、さらなる他の保護部材を設ける必要がない。 In this invention, you may make it have a mounting part for mounting | wearing and arrange | positioning a wiring member in a protector part.
If it does in this way, since a cross section does not change easily in a protector part, it can protect wiring, such as a wire harness, and it is not necessary to attach this wiring member to a vehicle body using another member, or to provide other protection members.

本発明において、エネルギー吸収部は車両が衝突した際に車体を構成する部材が食い込むための凹部を有するようにしてもよい。
このようにすると、例えば車体の骨格をなす車体のメンバー部材に、上記エネルギー吸収部の凹部に対応させた凸部を形成してあると、車両の衝突時にメンバー部材が変形すると、この凸部がエネルギー吸収部の凹部に食い込む。
これにより、電池の車外への脱落を防止しやすく、電池保護構造体の車体への取付締結箇所を少なく抑えることができる。 In the present invention, the energy absorbing portion may have a recess for a member constituting the vehicle body to bite when the vehicle collides.
In this way, for example, if a member corresponding to the concave portion of the energy absorbing portion is formed on the member member of the vehicle body forming the skeleton of the vehicle body, when the member member is deformed at the time of a vehicle collision, the convex portion It bites into the recess of the energy absorber.
As a result, it is easy to prevent the battery from dropping out of the vehicle, and the number of places where the battery protection structure is fastened to the vehicle body can be reduced.

本発明に係る電池保護構造体は、電池を保護するプロテクタ部の外側にエネルギー吸収部を有するので電池の保護効果が高く、フレーム枠全体でエネルギー吸収することも可能であり、従来の保護構造に比較して軽量化を図ることができる。   Since the battery protection structure according to the present invention has an energy absorption part outside the protector part that protects the battery, the battery protection effect is high, and it is possible to absorb energy in the entire frame frame. In comparison, the weight can be reduced.

（ａ）は本発明に係る電池保護構造体の外観斜視図を示し、（ｂ）はＡ−Ａ線断面図を示す。(A) shows the external appearance perspective view of the battery protection structure which concerns on this invention, (b) shows the AA sectional view. （ａ）は電池保護構造体の平面図、（ｂ）はＦＲ視、（ｃ）はＬＨ視を示す。(A) is a plan view of the battery protection structure, (b) is an FR view, and (c) is an LH view. 衝撃力が吸収される説明図を示す。（ａ）はサイドフレームに荷重ｆ１が負荷された場合で、（ｂ）はＡ−Ａ線断面図を示す。（ｃ）はフロントフレームに荷重ｆ２が負荷された場合で、（ｄ）はＢ−Ｂ線断面図を示す。An explanatory view in which an impact force is absorbed is shown. (A) in the case where a load f 1 is loaded to the side frame, (b) shows the A-A line cross-sectional view. (C) in the case where a load f 2 is loaded into the front frame, indicating the (d) are sectional view taken along line B-B. 電池保護構造体のコーナー部の連結構造を示す。The connection structure of the corner part of a battery protection structure is shown. 車体の床下に取り付けた状態のＣ−Ｃ線断面図を示し、（ａ）は衝突前、（ｂ）は衝突後の変形を模式的に示す。The CC sectional view taken on the state below the floor of the vehicle body is shown, (a) schematically shows the deformation before the collision, and (b) schematically shows the deformation after the collision. （ａ），（ｂ）は車体のメンバー部材に設けた凸部がエネルギー吸収部の凹部に食い込む状態の説明図である。(A), (b) is explanatory drawing of the state which the convex part provided in the member member of the vehicle body bites into the recessed part of an energy absorption part. プロテクタ部にワイヤーハーネスを配置した例を模式的に示す。The example which has arrange | positioned the wire harness to the protector part is shown typically. 車体の床下に本発明に係る電池保護構造体を配置した例を示す。The example which has arrange | positioned the battery protection structure which concerns on this invention under the floor of a vehicle body is shown. （ａ）〜（ｄ）はＥＡ部及びプロテクタ部の変形例を示す。(A)-(d) shows the modification of an EA part and a protector part.

本出願に係る発明の構造例を以下図面に基づいて説明する。
図１に本発明に係る電池保護構造体（以下単に構造体という。）１０に電池モジュール１を装着部材１５を介してボルト，ナット等の連結部材１５ａを用いて装着した状態を示す。
構造体１０は例えば車体側に連結した取付部材２にボルト，ナット等の締結部材２ａを用いて取り付ける。
車体への取付位置や取付方法に限定はないが、床下に取り付ける場合の配置図を図８に示す。
構造体１０は図１〜図４に示すように、フロントフレーム１１とリアフレーム１２の両端部の内側を部分的に切り欠いて、左右のサイドフレーム１３，１４の端面に連結してある。
図３（ａ），（ｂ）及び図４に各フレームの連結構造を示すように、フロントフレーム１１とリアフレーム１２は対称に配置される以外は同じであり、左右のサイドフレームとの連結構造も同じである。
また、左のサイドフレームと右のサイドフレームも対称に配置される以外は同じである。
図１（ｂ）及び図３（ｂ）にＡ−Ａ線断面図、図３（ｄ）にＢ−Ｂ線断面図を示す。
衝撃吸収構造はフロントフレーム，リアフレーム及び左右のサイドフレームにて同様である。
それぞれ対応付けて符号を付した。
代表例として図１（ｂ）のＡ−Ａ線断面図で説明する。
サイドフレーム１３は外側にエネルギー吸収部（ＥＡ部）２０を配置し、その後側に一体的にプロテクタ部３０を形成してある。
ＥＡ部２０の断面肉厚ｔ１をプロテクタ部３０の断面肉厚ｔ２よりも薄くなっている。
ＥＡ部は断面変形により衝撃エネルギーが吸収される。
本実施例は図６（ｂ）に示すように衝撃荷重が付加されると、上部の中空断面部１３ａと下部の中空断面部１３ｂがそれぞれ外側に変形しながら、つぶれるように上下の外側方向に間隔が広がるように傾斜面１１３ａ，１１３ｂを形成してある。
プロテクタ部３０は上下に３本のリブ１３ｄ〜１３ｆからなる略日字断面形状例で、ＥＡ部２０の上下方向中央部の開口部に連通した凹部形状のワイヤーハーネスの配設部（取付部）１３ｉを有する。
また、サイドフレーム１３はフロントフレーム１１，リアフレーム１２の端部の外側を挟み込むようにフランジ部１３ｇ，１３ｈを有する。
例えば、ＥＡ部２０の変形荷重を３０ｋＮに設定した場合にプロテクタ部３０の変形荷重を約１．５倍以上の５０ｋＮに設定する。
フロントフレーム１１の断面形状を図３（ｄ）に示すように、ＥＡ部２０とプロテクタ部３０との構成はサイドフレーム１３，１４と同じであり、本実施例はサイドフレーム１３，１４にリブ１１ｇを内側に延長させて取付部１１ｋ，１２ｋを設けてある。 A structural example of the invention according to the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a state in which a battery module 1 is mounted on a battery protection structure (hereinafter simply referred to as a structure) 10 according to the present invention via a mounting member 15 using a connecting member 15a such as a bolt or a nut.
The structure 10 is attached to the attachment member 2 connected to the vehicle body side, for example, using a fastening member 2a such as a bolt or a nut.
Although there is no limitation in the attachment position and attachment method to a vehicle body, the layout in the case of attaching under a floor is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the structure 10 is connected to the end surfaces of the left and right side frames 13 and 14 by partially notching the insides of both ends of the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12.
As shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 4, the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 are the same except that they are arranged symmetrically, and are connected to the left and right side frames. Is the same.
The left side frame and the right side frame are the same except that they are arranged symmetrically.
1B and 3B are cross-sectional views taken along line AA, and FIG. 3D is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB.
The shock absorbing structure is the same for the front frame, the rear frame, and the left and right side frames.
Each is associated with a reference numeral.
A representative example will be described with reference to a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
The side frame 13 has an energy absorbing portion (EA portion) 20 disposed outside, and a protector portion 30 is integrally formed on the rear side thereof.
The cross-sectional thickness t 1 of the EA portion 20 is thinner than the cross-sectional thickness t 2 of the protector portion 30.
The EA portion absorbs impact energy due to cross-sectional deformation.
In this embodiment, when an impact load is applied as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the upper hollow cross-section portion 13a and the lower hollow cross-section portion 13b are deformed outward while being crushed in the upper and lower outer directions. The inclined surfaces 113a and 113b are formed so that the interval is widened.
The protector portion 30 is an example of a substantially Japanese cross-sectional shape composed of three upper and lower ribs 13d to 13f, and a concave-shaped wire harness arrangement portion (attachment portion) communicating with the opening in the central portion in the vertical direction of the EA portion 20. 13i.
Further, the side frame 13 has flange portions 13g and 13h so as to sandwich the outside of the end portions of the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12.
For example, when the deformation load of the EA unit 20 is set to 30 kN, the deformation load of the protector unit 30 is set to 50 kN that is approximately 1.5 times or more.
As shown in FIG. 3D, the cross-sectional shape of the front frame 11 is the same as that of the side frames 13 and 14 in the configuration of the EA portion 20 and the protector portion 30. Are extended inward to provide attachment portions 11k, 12k.

図４に示したように、フレーム枠構造をこのようにフロントフレーム１１，リアフレーム１２の両端部をＥＡ部２０を残すようにして内側のプロテクタ部３０の部分を一部切り欠き、サイドフレーム１３，１４の端面を上記のように残したＥＡ部２０の背面に位置させたので、図３（ａ）に示すようにサイドフレーム１３に加えられた荷重ｆ１はＥＡ部２０がつぶれることで、エネルギー吸収されながら両側のフロントフレーム１１とリアフレーム１２に伝わり、反対側のサイドフレーム１４にも伝わる。
よって、荷重ｆ１を構造体１０全体で受けることになる。
図３（ｃ）に示すようにフロントフレーム１１に荷重ｆ２が加わった場合も矢印で示すように構造体１０全体で負担する。 As shown in FIG. 4, the frame structure of the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 is partially cut away at the both ends of the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 so as to leave the EA portion 20. , 14 are positioned on the back surface of the EA portion 20 left as described above, and the load f 1 applied to the side frame 13 as shown in FIG. It is transmitted to the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 on both sides while absorbing energy, and is also transmitted to the side frame 14 on the opposite side.
Therefore, the load f 1 is received by the entire structure 10.
Even if the load f 2 applied to the front frame 11 as shown in FIG. 3 (c) to bear the entire structure 10 as indicated by an arrow.

本実施例では、附随的な効果として図７に示すようにプロテクタ部３０にワイヤーハーネス４の配設部１３ｉ等を設けたので、ワイヤーハーネスの取付部品の低減が可能であるとともに配線の別途保護部材も省略又は低減できる。   In the present embodiment, as an additional effect, as shown in FIG. 7, the protector 30 is provided with the arrangement portion 13i of the wire harness 4 and the like, so that the number of parts attached to the wire harness can be reduced and the wiring is separately protected. Members can also be omitted or reduced.

また、図５，図６に示すようにＥＡ部２０の開口部（凹部）１３ｃ，１４ｃ等を設け、この位置に対応した車体の骨格となるメンバー部材３に凸部３ａを設けると、図５（ｂ）に示すように車体が変形した際に、メンバー部材の凸部３ａ，３ａが構造体１０の凹部１３ｃ，１４ｃに食い込み、構造体１０が脱落するのを防ぐ。
これにより、構造体１０を車体に締結する部品を減らすことができる。 As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when openings (concave portions) 13c and 14c of the EA portion 20 are provided, and the projecting portion 3a is provided on the member member 3 serving as the skeleton of the vehicle body corresponding to this position, FIG. As shown in (b), when the vehicle body is deformed, the protrusions 3a and 3a of the member member bite into the recesses 13c and 14c of the structure 10, and the structure 10 is prevented from falling off.
Thereby, the components which fasten the structure 10 to a vehicle body can be reduced.

本発明におけるフレームの断面形状は、相対的に変形荷重の小さいＥＡ部とそれよりも変形荷重が大きいプロテクタ部とからなるものであれば特に制限がない。
また、フレームにワイヤーハーネス等の配線部材の配設部を限らずしも設ける必要がない。
図９にフレーム断面形状の変形例を示す。
フロントフレーム１１，リアフレーム１２及びサイドフレーム１３，１４のそれぞれのフレーム断面として用いることができ、図９では図１（ｂ）と比較し、代表的にサイドフレーム１３に用いた符号に対応して表現してある。
図９（ａ），（ｂ）は配線部材の配設部１１３ｉ，２１３ｉをプロテクタ部に設けた中空断面形状とした例である。
（ｃ）は衝撃荷重がＥＡ部に加わった際に中空断面部１３ａ，１３ｂが相互に外側に変形しやすいように外側の側壁にくぼみ部２１３ａ，２１３ｂを形成した例である。
また、（ｄ）は配線部材の配設部３１３ｉをプロテクタ部の側面に形成した例である。 The cross-sectional shape of the frame in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it includes an EA portion having a relatively small deformation load and a protector portion having a larger deformation load.
In addition, it is not necessary to provide a disposition portion for a wiring member such as a wire harness on the frame.
FIG. 9 shows a modification of the frame cross-sectional shape.
It can be used as a frame cross section of each of the front frame 11, the rear frame 12, and the side frames 13 and 14, and in FIG. 9, compared to FIG. It is expressed.
FIGS. 9A and 9B are examples in which the wiring member arrangement portions 113i and 213i have a hollow cross-sectional shape provided in the protector portion.
(C) is an example in which the recessed portions 213a and 213b are formed on the outer side walls so that the hollow cross-sectional portions 13a and 13b are easily deformed outward when an impact load is applied to the EA portion.
Further, (d) is an example in which the wiring member arrangement portion 313i is formed on the side surface of the protector portion.

１ 電池モジュール
２ 取付部材
１０ 電池保護構造体
１１ フロントフレーム
１２ リアフレーム
１３ サイドフレーム
１４ サイドフレーム
１５ 装着部材
３０ プロテクタ部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Battery module 2 Mounting member 10 Battery protection structure 11 Front frame 12 Rear frame 13 Side frame 14 Side frame 15 Mounting member 30 Protector part

Claims (3)

車両に搭載する電池を保護するための構造体であって、
前記構造体は電池の周辺に配置したフレーム枠体からなり、
前記フレーム枠体は断面構造が相対的に断面変形しやすいエネルギー吸収部と断面変形しにくいプロテクタ部とからなり、当該プロテクタ部を電池側に配置したものであり、
且つ、前記フレーム枠体はフロントフレームとリアフレームの両端部を左右のサイドフレームにて連結した枠形状であり、前記連結部は一方のフレームの端部を前記エネルギー吸収部が残るように切り欠くとともに当該エネルギー吸収部が他方のフレームの端部に位置するように連結してあることを特徴とする電池保護構造体。 A structure for protecting a battery mounted on a vehicle,
The structure consists of a frame frame arranged around the battery,
The frame frame is composed of an energy absorbing portion whose cross-sectional structure is relatively easily deformed in cross section and a protector portion which is difficult to deform in cross section, and the protector portion is arranged on the battery side ,
The frame body has a frame shape in which both end portions of a front frame and a rear frame are connected by left and right side frames, and the connecting portion cuts out an end portion of one frame so that the energy absorbing portion remains. In addition, a battery protection structure, wherein the energy absorbing portion is connected so as to be positioned at an end portion of the other frame. 前記プロテクタ部に配線部材を装着配置するための装着部を有することを特徴とする請求項１記載の電池保護構造体。 Battery protection structure of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a mounting portion for mounting place the wiring member on the protector portion. 前記エネルギー吸収部は車両が衝突した際に車体を構成する部材が食い込むための凹部を有することを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の電池保護構造体。 3. The battery protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the energy absorbing portion has a concave portion into which a member constituting the vehicle body bites in when a vehicle collides.
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