JP5934738B2 - 吸着剤の造粒方法及び該方法により製造される吸着剤顆粒 - Google Patents
吸着剤の造粒方法及び該方法により製造される吸着剤顆粒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5934738B2 JP5934738B2 JP2014087664A JP2014087664A JP5934738B2 JP 5934738 B2 JP5934738 B2 JP 5934738B2 JP 2014087664 A JP2014087664 A JP 2014087664A JP 2014087664 A JP2014087664 A JP 2014087664A JP 5934738 B2 JP5934738 B2 JP 5934738B2
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- adsorbent
- zeolite
- ion exchange
- water
- granulating
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 57
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;calcium;potassium;silicon;sodium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na].[Al].[Si].[K].[Ca] JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
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- GEZAUFNYMZVOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 2-[(2-oxo-1,3,2$l^{5},4$l^{2}-dioxaphosphastannetan-2-yl)oxy]-1,3,2$l^{5},4$l^{2}-dioxaphosphastannetane 2-oxide Chemical compound [Sn+2].[Sn+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O GEZAUFNYMZVOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
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- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
(1)スラリー形成のステップ:
このステップでは、メタけい酸ナトリウム、メタカオリン及び無機イオン交換材料を、水中で混練しスラリーを形成する。
(2)乾燥ステップ:
このステップでは、スラリー形成のステップで得られたスラリーを300〜400メッシュのナイロン布上に注ぎ、20〜35℃の常温温度範囲で自然乾燥させ硬化させる。
(3)粒化ステップ:
このステップでは、硬化後の製品を砕いて0.2〜2.5mmのメッシュサイズのスクリーンでふるい、0.2〜2.5mm粒径の吸着剤顆粒を獲得する。
Si/Al=1.5〜1.8
Na/Si=0.85〜1
Na2O/SiO2=0.43〜0.5
H2O/Na2O=11.0〜15.0。
Si/Al=0.25〜0.5
Na/Si=6.0〜8.0
Na2O/SiO2=3.0〜4.0
H2O/Na2O=24.5〜36.7
(1)スラリー形成のステップ:
このステップでは、メタけい酸ナトリウム、メタカオリン及び無機イオン交換材料を、水中で混練しスラリーを形成する。
(2)乾燥ステップ:
このステップでは、スラリー形成のステップで得られたスラリーを300〜400メッシュのナイロン布上に注ぎ、20〜35℃の常温温度範囲で自然乾燥させ硬化させる。
(3)粒化ステップ:
このステップでは、硬化後の製品を砕いて0.2〜2.5mmのメッシュサイズのスクリーンでふるい、0.2〜2.5mm粒径の吸着剤顆粒を獲得する。
[準備例1]
[沸石の製造]
オルトけい酸ナトリウム(Na4SiO4)50kgを50℃の水中に添加して完全に溶解させ、同様の温度の水でこのオルトけい酸ナトリウム溶液を500リットルに薄め、並びに反応器中に入れる。続いて、反応器の温度を60℃まで上げてその温度を維持し約2kg min-1のゆっくりした速度で、60kgのメタアルミン酸ナトリウム(Na2Al2O4)を添加し、温度を60℃に維持して均一に攪拌して18時間、水熱化学反応を進行させる(そのうち、モル比計で、Si/Al=0.37、 Na/Si=6.7、 Na2O/SiO2=3.4、 H2O/Na2O=30.6)。続いて、反応器の内容物と清水を一緒に板枠加圧ろ過機中にに入れ、通水し未反応薬剤を除去すると共に、完成粉体のろ過を行なう。板枠加圧ろ過機上よりろ過されたペレットを取り外し、100℃のエアガイド式オーブン中に入れて乾燥させた後、乾燥後のペレットを打ち砕き、45kgの沸石を得る。この沸石は以下沸石Aと称する。
[吸着剤の造粒]
17.5kgのメタけい酸ナトリウム粉末を、35リットルの水中に添加して完全に溶解させてメタけい酸ナトリウム水溶液を得る。20kgのメタカオリンを機械攪拌機中に入れ、続いて100rpmの回転速度で攪拌しつつ、35リットルの上述のようにして得られたメタけい酸ナトリウム水溶液を加え、15分間攪拌混合し、スラリーを得る(そのうち、Si/Al=1.7、 Na/Si=0.93、 Na2O/SiO2=0.47、 H2O/Na2O=13.6)。続いて、該スラリー中に準備例1中で得られた40kgの沸石Aを添加し、15分間均一に攪拌混合する。
続いて、混合完成したスラリーを、400メッシュのナイロン布上に注ぎ、室温で約24時間乾燥させて硬化させる。続いて、こうして硬化成形した製品を、打ち砕き、メッシュサイズ2mmのスクリーンでふるい、粒径が2mmより小さい吸着剤顆粒を得る。
続いて、1.0グラムのCa(OH)2及びNa2CO3を1リットルの水道水中に添加し、並びにCO2を通入させて残ったCa(OH)2を消耗させる。静置してCaCO2及びMg(OH)2 を沈殿させた後、Ca及びMgを含有しない水を得る。この水で上述のように獲得した吸着剤をすすぐ。温度40℃でベークし乾燥させ、顆粒吸着剤1を得る。
実施例1中の、沸石Aの代りに、沸石Xを使用するほかは、実施例1と同様に造粒を行ない、顆粒吸着剤2を得る。
実施例1中の、沸石Aの代りに、沸石Xを使用し、別に2kgの活性炭を加えるほかは、実施例1と同様に造粒を行ない、顆粒吸着剤4を得る。
実施例1中の、沸石Aの代りに、沸石Xを使用し、別に2kgのAl2O3を加えるほかは、実施例1と同様に造粒を行ない、顆粒吸着剤5を得る。
実施例1中の、沸石Aの代りに、沸石Xを使用し、別に2kgのTi2O3を加えるほかは、実施例1と同様に造粒を行ない、顆粒吸着剤6を得る。
実施例1中の、沸石Aの代りに、沸石Xを使用し、別に2kgの天然菱形沸石を加えるほかは、実施例1と同様に造粒を行ない、顆粒吸着剤7を得る。
実施例1中の、沸石Aの代りに、沸石Xを使用し、別に2kgの天然クリノプチロライトを加えるほかは、実施例1と同様に造粒を行ない、顆粒吸着剤8を得る。
実施例1中の、沸石Aの代りに、沸石Xを使用し、別に2kgの蛭石を加えるほかは、実施例1と同様に造粒を行ない、顆粒吸着剤9を得る。
実施例1中の、沸石Aの代りに、ZrHPを使用(ZrHPは二塩酸化ジルコニウムとりん酸を制御条件下で共沈殿させた生成物)するほかは、実施例1と同様に造粒を行ない、顆粒吸着剤10を得る。
実施例1中に、0.6kgの改質剤亜鉛金属粉末を金属発泡剤として加えるほかは、実施例1と同様に造粒を行ない、顆粒吸着剤11を得る。
[吸着剤吸着効率試験]
直径2cm、長さ20cmのカラムに0.2グラムの吸着剤を充填し、2000ppmの90Sr及び又は89Sr(すなわち、[Sr] CO=2000ppm(mg L-1))を含有する30ミリリットル(V)水中で、時空速度(hourly spacevelocity)5h-1(滞留時間12分間)で通液する。18時間のバッチ吸着の後、容積中のSr濃度分析(Ci )を行ない、以下の式で吸着容量を計算する。
吸着前後の[Sr]濃度差
△C=CO−Ci (mg L-1)
続いて以下の式で除去する[Sr]量を換算する
M(mg)=△C・V
その後、換算して単位の重さの吸着剤の吸着当量数となす([Sr]=87.6,二価)
meq=M/(87.6/2)/W(meq g-1)
吸着効率R%は以下の式で算出される。
R%=(CO−Ci)/CO・100%
本試験例中で使用される吸着剤は、準備例1で製造された造粒化されていない沸石A(参考例1)、実施例1で得られた吸着剤1、UOP IONSIV社より購入したA−51沸石(比較例1)及び、Diversified Technologies Services Inc.(http://buyersguide.power-eng.com/Search/10832/diversified-technologies-services-inc.html)より購入したDT−32Cイオン交換剤(比較例2)とされる。その試験結果は以下の表1のとおりである。
顆粒状吸着剤の性能試験
カラム通水試験を利用し、顆粒状吸着剤の廃水処理性能を測定する。カラム試験条件は以下のとおりである。
カラム半径:2cm
吸着剤充填高度:20cm
吸着剤は、(1)UOP IONSIV社より購入したA−51沸石
(2)実施例1で製造した吸着剤1
廃水の、カラム中での停留時間(吸着剤充填体積/液体流量、V/Q):12分間(空間流速5h-1)
サンプリング頻度:二日に一回
廃水ソース:核能研究所管轄区内の全ての物品或いは人員洗浄プロセスで出た廃水 試験プロセス:
1.吸着剤を上述のカラムに充填する。
2.廃水をカラム下方より続けて導入し、水流に吸着剤を通過させてカラム上方へと流す。
3.吸着剤で処理後の水をカラム上端の溢出口より導出し、続いて各種の導電度及び放射活性等の水質分析を行なう。
Claims (9)
- 吸着剤の造粒方法において、
(1)スラリー形成のステップ、このステップでは、メタけい酸ナトリウム、メタカオリン及び無機イオン交換材料を、水中で混練しスラリーを形成し、
(2)乾燥ステップ、このステップでは、スラリー形成のステップで得られた無機イオン交換材料を含有するスラリーを300〜400メッシュのナイロン布上に注ぎ、20〜35℃の常温温度範囲で自然乾燥させ硬化させ、
(3)粒化ステップ、このステップでは、硬化後の製品を砕いて0.2〜2.5mmのメッシュサイズのスクリーンでふるい、0.2〜2.5mm粒径の吸着剤顆粒を獲得し、 以上のステップを包含することを特徴とする、吸着剤の造粒方法。 - 請求項1記載の吸着剤の造粒方法において、(1)のスラリー形成のステップ中、メタけい酸ナトリウムを水中に溶かした後、メタカオリンを添加し、その後さらに無機イオン交換材料を添加することを特徴とする、吸着剤の造粒方法。
- 請求項1記載の吸着剤の造粒方法において、(1)のスラリー形成のステップ中、メタけい酸ナトリウムを水中に溶かした後、無機イオン交換材料を添加し、その後さらにメタカオリンを添加することを特徴とする、吸着剤の造粒方法。
- 請求項1記載の吸着剤の造粒方法において、(1)のスラリー形成のステップ中、使用するメタけい酸ナトリウム、メタカオリン及び水の用量は、モル比計で以下の条件を満足させ、すなわち、
Si/Al=1.5〜1.8
Na/Si=0.85〜1
Na2O/SiO2=0.43〜0.5
H2O/Na2O=11.0〜15.0
以上を特徴とする、吸着剤の造粒方法。 - 請求項1記載の吸着剤の造粒方法において、(1)のスラリー形成のステップ中、無機イオン交換材料の添加量は、メタカオリン重量の1.5〜2.5倍の量とされることを特徴とする、吸着剤の造粒方法。
- 請求項1記載の吸着剤の造粒方法において、(3)の粒化ステップの後、さらにCa及びMgを含有しない水で濯ぎ、吸着剤中の残留アルカリを除去することを特徴とする、吸着剤の造粒方法。
- 請求項1記載の吸着剤の造粒方法において、(1)のスラリー形成のステップ中、無機イオン交換材料は、以下に述べられる群、すなわち、天然又は人造沸石、複合イオン交換材料、フェロシアン化物及びフェリシアン化物、ヘテロポリ酸塩、多価金属りん酸塩、多価金属のオキシ水酸化物及び水酸化物、以上より少なくともくとも一種類が選ばれることを特徴とする、吸着剤の造粒方法。
- 請求項7記載の吸着剤の造粒方法において、そのうち無機イオン交換材料は沸石とされ、且つナトロライト(ソーダ沸石,natrolite)、モルデナイト(モルデン沸石, mordenite)、クリノプチロライト(斜プチロル沸石, clinoptilolite)、灰十字沸石、方沸石(analcime)、 菱形沸石、カルシウム沸石、ヒューランダイト、輝沸石、沸石A、沸石X、H−ZSM−5のうち、少なくとも一種類とされることを特徴とする、吸着剤の造粒方法。
- 請求項8記載の吸着剤の造粒方法において、そのうち(1)のスラリー形成のステップ中、使用される沸石は以下の方法で製造される人造沸石とされ、すなわち、
オルトけい酸ナトリウム(Na4SiO4)を、40〜60℃の水中に加えて完全に溶解させ、これにより以下のモル比の条件を満足させるようにし、メタアルミン酸ナトリウム(Na2Al2O4)を40〜60℃の温度範囲内で加え、水熱化学反応させ、
Si/Al=0.25〜0.5
Na/Si=6.0〜8.0
Na2O/SiO2=3.0〜4.0
H2O/Na2O=24.5〜36.7
続いて、水熱反応生成物を板枠加圧ろ過機中に入れ、通水し未反応薬剤を除去すると共にろ過を行ない、板枠加圧ろ過機よりろ過されたペレットを取り外し、80〜110℃に温度設定されたエアガイド式オーブン中に入れて乾燥させた後、それを粉末に粉砕し、こうして粉末状沸石を得る、
以上を特徴とする、吸着剤の造粒方法。
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| CN107176730B (zh) * | 2017-07-24 | 2020-10-13 | 上海问鼎环保科技有限公司 | 一种稀土行业高盐废水资源化处理工艺 |
| CN110364280A (zh) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-22 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | 一种放射性废树脂芬顿氧化废液的高效吸附处理方法 |
| CN110526260B (zh) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-07-27 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种晶种法合成硅铝酸盐分子筛的方法 |
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| CN114632469A (zh) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-06-17 | 安徽进化硅纳米材料科技有限公司 | 一种二氧化硅的造粒方法和装置 |
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2014
- 2014-02-25 TW TW103106269A patent/TWI457173B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-04-21 JP JP2014087664A patent/JP5934738B2/ja active Active
- 2014-08-05 EP EP14179938.7A patent/EP2910304A3/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2015160208A (ja) | 2015-09-07 |
| US20150238932A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
| EP2910304A2 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| TW201532667A (zh) | 2015-09-01 |
| US9409147B2 (en) | 2016-08-09 |
| TWI457173B (zh) | 2014-10-21 |
| EP2910304A3 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
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