JP5926628B2 - 樹脂フィルム接合体の製造方法 - Google Patents
樹脂フィルム接合体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5926628B2 JP5926628B2 JP2012135750A JP2012135750A JP5926628B2 JP 5926628 B2 JP5926628 B2 JP 5926628B2 JP 2012135750 A JP2012135750 A JP 2012135750A JP 2012135750 A JP2012135750 A JP 2012135750A JP 5926628 B2 JP5926628 B2 JP 5926628B2
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- B29C66/114—Single butt joints
- B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
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- B29C66/344—Stretching or tensioning the joint area during joining
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- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
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Description
ここで、上記原反フィルムとして、上記のように基材層の一方の面にPVA系樹脂層が形成され、さらに、他方の面に帯電防止層(表面処理層)が積層されて形成された樹脂フィルム部材を用いて偏光フィルムを製造することが考えられる。
しかし、かかる原反フィルムを2枚用いて加熱溶融接合を行った場合、PVA系樹脂層と基材層だけでなく、表面処理層も含めた3つの材料が互いに相違することになる。このため、上記したような2層(PVA系樹脂層と基材層)の場合よりも、溶融したPVA系樹脂層と基材層と表面処理層とを十分に相溶させることが、一層困難となる。
また、このような原反フィルムを用いた場合、上記したPVA系樹脂層同士や表面処理層同士を加熱溶融接合したとしても、基材層と各層との間で層間剥離が生じ易くなっている場合もある。このような場合には、接合部分(溶着部分)が、後段で薬液に浸漬された際や延伸された際に生じるせん断応力及び引張応力に十分に耐え得る程度の機械強度を有しないこととなる。このように接合強度が不十分な場合、所望の延伸倍率に到達する前に破断が生じることとなって、原反フィルムを連続的に薬液浴に浸漬させたり、延伸したりすることができなくなり、その結果、生産性や稼働率が低下することとなる。
熱可塑性樹脂材料から形成された基材層と、前記基材層の一方の面に配されたポリビニルアルコール系樹脂層と、他方の面に配された表面処理層とが積層されて形成された2枚の樹脂フィルム部材の端面同士を突き合わせ、
端面が突き合わされた各端部において、双方同じ側の層を除去してそれぞれ前記基材層を露出させ、
露出させた各前記基材層双方に跨るように、前記熱可塑性樹脂材料と同種の熱可塑性樹脂材料から形成された接合部材を重ね合わせ、
各前記基材層と前記接合部材とを加熱溶融接合して、樹脂フィルム接合体とする。
より具体的には、樹脂フィルム部材として、偏光フィルムの製造に用いられる帯状の原反フィルムを用い、該原反フィルム同士を接合し、これら原反フィルムを連続して延伸して、接合体としての偏光フィルムを製造する場合を例示しつつ説明する。
なお、原反フィルム1の詳細については後述する。
前記延伸としては、通常、一軸延伸を採用するが、その他、二軸延伸や斜め延伸を採用してもよい。
前記一軸延伸としては、流れ方向(長手方向)にフィルムを延伸する縦延伸、幅方向にフィルムを延伸する横延伸のいずれも採用し得るが、本実施形態では、横延伸を採用する。
前記横延伸としては、テンターを用いて、流れ方向の長さを固定してフィルムを幅方向に延伸する固定端一軸延伸や、このように流れ方向の長さを固定せずにフィルムを幅方向に延伸する自由端一軸延伸等が挙げられる。また、かかる横延伸では、幅方向にフィルムを延伸しながら、流れ方向にフィルムを収縮させてもよい。
なお、前記縦延伸としては、ロール間延伸、圧縮延伸や、テンターを用いた延伸等が挙げられる。
また、このような乾式延伸部と架橋浴4cとの間には、架橋浴4cを通過したフィルムを乾燥するための乾燥装置が備えられていてもよい。
さらに、本実施形態では、延伸部8が染色浴4bの下流側に配され、染色浴4bにて染色されたフィルムが延伸部8によって延伸されるような態様を採用するが、その他、延伸部8が染色浴4bの上流側に配され、延伸部8によって延伸されたフィルムが染色浴4bにて染色されるような態様を採用してもよい。
なお、図1においては、レーザー照射によって溶着された部分を黒塗り30で示している。
本実施形態の製造方法では、原反フィルムを先端側から送り出しつつ規制された移動経路に通して該移動経路中で長手方向に延伸する工程(第1の工程)と、先行して送り出した原反フィルムの末端側と次の原反フィルムの先端側とを接合する工程(第2の工程)と、を繰り返し実施することにより、順次連続して偏光フィルムを製造して、接合体としての偏光フィルムを製造する。
すなわち、本実施形態の製造方法においては、最終的に目標の延伸倍率となるように不溶化浴4aから架橋浴4cの各浴、及び、延伸部8において延伸を実施する。かかる最終的な延伸倍率は、2倍以上が好ましく、2.5倍以上がより好ましい。
このように、第1の工程を実施しつつ第2の工程を実施することによって、接合体としての偏光フィルムを製造する。また、これら工程の実施を繰り返すことにより、順次連続して接合体としての偏光フィルムを作製することができる。
ただし、容易に且つ迅速にPVA系樹脂層13を除去して基材層10の表面をそれぞれ露出させるという観点を考慮すると、物理的な除去方法を用いることが好ましい。
また、各PVA系樹脂層13は、同時に除去してもよいし、それぞれ別途除去してもよい。
また、本実施形態では、末端部1a及び先端部1bと接合部材20との重ね合わせ部分にレーザー光Rを照射する際に、ステージ40上に該重ね合わせ部分を、接合部材20側がレーザー光Rの入射側(図2の上側)となるように配するが、その他、接合部材20側がレーザー光Rの出射側(図2の下側)となるように配してもよい。
また、前記非晶性エステル系熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、イソフタル酸を共重合させた共重合ポリエチレンテレフタレート、シクロヘキサンジメタノールを共重合させた共重合ポリエチレンテレフタレートや、他の共重合ポリエチレンテレフタレート等を含有する非晶性の樹脂等が挙げられる。また、前記非晶性オレフィン系熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、ポリプロピレンや、ポリエチレン等を含有する非結性の樹脂等が挙げられる。
かかる厚みを30〜150μmと設定することによって、前記第1の工程において、基材の軟化がより進行し易くなり、原反シートの搬送速度を上げて、生産性を向上させることが可能となる。
PVA系樹脂としては、ポリビニルアルコールや、部分ケン化ポリビニルアルコール等のポリビニルアルコールの誘導体が挙げられる。
また、PVA系樹脂層13が基材層10の一方の面に配されていることによって、当該PVA系樹脂層13に粘着テープを貼り付け、これを引き剥がすだけで、容易にPVA系樹脂層13を剥離して除去することが可能となる。
また、本実施形態のように、PVA系樹脂層13が除去可能であれば、表面処理層15は除去する必要がないため、該表面処理層15は、除去し易さによらず、適宜設定することができる。
かかる表面処理層15の厚みは、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、前記基材層の厚みに対して0.1〜50μmであることが好ましい。
例えば、基材層10として非晶性エステル系樹脂を用いる場合には、接合部材20として、基材層10と同種のエステル系樹脂材料を用いることができる。より具体的には、例えば、基材層10が非晶性ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂(PET)である場合には、接合部材としては、結晶性PET樹脂、非晶性PET樹脂、側鎖に基材層10と異なる官能基を具備したような変性PET樹脂等を用いることができる。
なお、実用に際しては、該偏光フィルムの両面又は片面に各種光学層を積層して光学フィルム積層体としたり、各種表面処理を施したりして、液晶表示装置等の画像表示装置に用いることもできる。
前記光学層としては、要求される光学特性を満たすものであれば特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、偏光フィルムの保護を目的とした透明保護層、視覚補償等を目的とした配向液晶層、他のフィルムを積層するための粘着層の他、偏光変換素子、反射板、半透過板、位相差板(1/2や1/4などの波長板(λ板)を含む)、視覚補償フィルム、輝度向上フィルムなどの画像表示装置等の形成に用いられるフィルムを用いることが出来る。
下記の条件を用いた。
・用途:偏光フィルム
・樹脂フィルム部材:PVA樹脂層/非晶性PET樹脂層/ポリチオフェン樹脂層(予め1.8倍ほど長手方向に補助延伸済)
・各層の厚み:7μm/85μm/400nm
・シート部材幅:50mm
・接合部材:非晶性PET、
・接合部材の厚み/幅:85μm/5mm
・光吸収剤:Clearweld(登録商標)LD120C(Crysta−Lyn社製)
・塗布方法及び条件
方法:超音波スプレー
流量:0.2mL/min
塗布幅:5mm
塗布速度:100mm/sec
・レーザー
波長:940nm
出力:30W
加圧方法:石英ガラス板加圧
面圧:20kgf/cm2
照射速度:100mm/sec
ビーム形状:スポット(トップハットビーム)
スポット径:2mmφ
・バッチ延伸条件:
接合体幅:50mm
初期チャック距離:50mm
延伸速度:120mm/min
実施例1で得られた接合体を、実施例1と同様に、最終的な延伸倍率が2.5倍になるまで延伸したところ、接合体は破断しなかった。
実施例1で得られた接合体を、実施例1と同様に、最終的な延伸倍率が3.0倍になるまで延伸したところ、接合体は破断しなかった。
実施例1で得られた接合体を、実施例1と同様に、最終的な延伸倍率が4.0倍になるまで延伸したところ、接合体は破断しなかった。
実施例1で得られた接合体を、実施例1と同様に、最終的な延伸倍率が5.0倍になるまで延伸したところ、接合体は破断しなかった。
・レーザー
波長:940nm
出力:70W
加圧方法:石英ガラスローラ加圧
ロール径/面長:10mmφ/15mm
面圧:30kgf/cm2
照射速度:100mm/sec
ビーム形状:ラインビーム
ビーム形状:3.5mm×0.6mm
相間部材:ウレタンゴム(ショアA硬度90度、5mm厚)
上記結果を踏まえ、製造装置として、図1と同様の製造装置において原反フィルム供給部と不溶化浴との間に、図2と同様の接合装置を配置したものを用いた。また、樹脂フィルム部材の幅を2,650mmとすること以外は実施例1と同様の樹脂フィルム部材を原反フィルムとして用いた。そして、図1に示すのと同様に、ロールトゥロール搬送にて、先行する原反フィルムの延伸処理を行った。また、先行する原反フィルムの末端部と新たに供給する次の原反フィルムの先端部を、実施例1と同様にして樹脂フィルム部材の端面同士を突き合わせ、非晶性PET樹脂層を露出させて、光吸収剤が塗布された接合部材を重ね合わせ、実施例6と同様のレーザー光照射条件で加熱溶融接合を行い、後段の延伸処理へと連続的に原反フィルムを供給した。このとき、実施例6と同様に、最終的な延伸倍率を3.08倍に設定して、先行する原反フィルムの延伸と次の原反フィルムの延伸を連続的に行った。その結果、接合体は破断することなく、連続的に偏光フィルムを製造することができた。
接合部材に光吸収剤を塗布しないこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、樹脂フィルム部材の端面同士を突き合せ、非晶性PET樹脂層を露出させて、接合部材を重ね合わせた。そして、重ね合わせた部分を、ヒートシーラー(卓上型シーラー:P−200、富士インパルス社製)を用いて5秒間の加熱溶融時間で、加熱溶融接合を行った。
得られた接合体を、実施例2と同様に、最終的な延伸倍率が2.5倍になるまで延伸したところ、接合体は破断しなかった。
実施例1と同様の樹脂フィルム部材を用い、図7に示すように、2つの樹脂フィルム部材の端面同士を突き合わせ、突き合わされた樹脂フィルム部材の双方に跨るように、PVA樹脂層側に粘着テープ(エコクリアテープNo.33T、日東電工社製、図7の符号25)を付着させることによって、接着接合を行った。得られた接合体を、実施例1と同様に最終的な延伸倍率が2倍になるまで延伸しようとしたところ、該延伸倍率が1.5倍になったときに破断が生じた。このように、得られた接合体を所望の延伸倍率まで延伸することは、できなかった。
実施例1と同様の樹脂フィルム部材及び光吸収剤を用いた。図8に示すように、一方の樹脂フィルム部材の端部におけるPVA樹脂層側に、実施例1と同様の条件で光吸収剤を塗布した。そして、該塗布された光吸収剤が他方の樹脂フィルム部材のPVA樹脂層と接するように樹脂フィルム部材の端部同士を重ね合わせて、実施例1と同様のレーザー光照射条件で加熱溶融接合を試みた。得られた接合体を、実施例1と同様に、延伸倍率が2倍になるまで延伸しようとしたところ、該延伸倍率が1.2倍になったとき、せん断応力によって、PVA樹脂層と非晶性PET樹脂層との層間にて剥離して破断が発生した。このように、得られた接合体を所望の延伸倍率まで延伸することは、できなかった。
実施例1と同様の樹脂フィルム部材及び光吸収剤を用いた。図9に示すように、一方の樹脂フィルム部材の端部におけるポリチオフェン樹脂層側に、実施例1と同様の条件で光吸収剤を塗布した。そして、該塗布された光吸収剤が他方の樹脂フィルム部材のポリチオフェン樹脂層と接するように樹脂フィルム部材の端部同士を重ね合わせて、実施例1と同様のレーザー光照射条件で加熱溶融接合を試みた。その結果、ポリチオフェン樹脂は熱可塑性樹脂ではなく、接着性がないため、ポリチオフェン樹脂層同士を加熱溶融接合できなかった。
実施例1と同様の樹脂フィルム部材及び光吸収剤を用いた。図10に示すように、一方の樹脂フィルム部材の端部におけるPVA樹脂層側に、実施例1と同様の条件で光吸収剤を塗布した。そして、該塗布された光吸収剤が他方の樹脂フィルム部材のポリチオフェン樹脂層と接するように樹脂フィルム部材の端部同士を重ね合わせて、実施例1と同様のレーザー光照射条件で加熱溶融接合を試みた。その結果、PVA樹脂層とポリチオフェン樹脂は相溶しないため、これらを加熱溶融接合できなかった。
接合部材として、実施例1と同様の樹脂フィルム部材を用いた。図11に示すように、該接合部材のPVA樹脂層側の表面に、実施例1と同様の条件で光吸収剤を塗布し、該光吸収剤が、突き合わせた樹脂フィルム部材の端部におけるPVA樹脂層と接するように、且つ、各PVA樹脂層に跨るように重ね合わせること以外は実施例1と同様の条件でレーザー光照射による接合を試みた。その結果、PVA樹脂層同士を加熱溶融接合することができたが、簡易的に引っ張った結果、せん断応力によって、比較例2と同様、PVA樹脂層と非晶性PET樹脂層との層間にて剥離して、破断が発生した。
Claims (7)
- 熱可塑性樹脂材料から形成された基材層と、前記基材層の一方の面に配されたポリビニルアルコール系樹脂層と、他方の面に配された表面処理層とが積層されて形成された2枚の樹脂フィルム部材の端面同士を突き合わせ、
端面が突き合わされた各端部において、双方同じ側の層を除去してそれぞれ前記基材層を露出させ、
露出させた各前記基材層双方に跨るように、前記熱可塑性樹脂材料と同種の熱可塑性樹脂材料から形成された接合部材を重ね合わせ、
各前記基材層と前記接合部材とを加熱溶融接合して、樹脂フィルム接合体とし、
前記加熱溶融接合した部分を、薬液に浸漬する、樹脂フィルム接合体の製造方法。 - 前記加熱溶融接合を、各前記基材層と前記接合部材との重ね合わせ部分にレーザー光を照射して行う請求項1に記載の樹脂フィルム接合体の製造方法。
- 前記レーザー光は、800nm〜11,000nmの範囲にピーク波長を有している請求項2に記載の樹脂フィルム接合体の製造方法。
- 前記接合部材は、前記基材層と接する側に光吸収剤を備えている請求項2または3に記載の樹脂フィルム接合体の製造方法。
- 前記加熱溶融接合した部分を、長手方向に2倍以上に延伸する請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の樹脂フィルム接合体の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂フィルム部材は、偏光フィルム用の原反フィルムとして用いられるものである請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の樹脂フィルム接合体の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂フィルム部材は、光学フィルム積層体に含まれる層としての偏光フィルム用の原反フィルムとして用いられるものである請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の樹脂フィルム接合体の製造方法。
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