JP5916301B2 - Optometry equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement in an optometry apparatus (ophthalmic apparatus) that can improve the efficiency of a binocular examination of a subject.

  Conventionally, an optometry apparatus that measures the eye refractive power and intraocular pressure of an eye to be examined includes a drive unit that drives the apparatus body in the front-rear, left-right, up-down directions, and an alignment unit that automatically aligns the apparatus body with respect to the eye to be examined. A detection sensor that detects the center position of the instrument in the left-right direction with respect to the base of the apparatus main body, and for measuring the eye characteristics of the right eye and the left eye and then measuring the eye characteristics of the other eye The main body of the apparatus is automatically aligned by driving the apparatus body from the position where the eye characteristics of one eye are measured toward the position where the eye characteristics of the other eye are measured. What is made is known.

  In this conventional optometry apparatus, the apparatus main body is moved toward one eye to be measured, auto alignment is performed on the eye to be examined of the apparatus main body, and after the eye characteristic measurement of one eye is executed, the other eye is moved to the other eye. In order to move the apparatus main body toward the measurement of the eye characteristics of the other eye after detecting the movement distance of the apparatus main body from the left-right direction instrument center position to the one eye with respect to the base of the apparatus main body, The apparatus main body is moved from the position for measuring the eye characteristics of the eye until the movement distance reaches twice the movement distance, and the position of the apparatus main body with respect to the eye to be examined is determined from the position at which the apparatus main body has reached the double movement distance. Auto alignment is executed.

  In this conventional ophthalmic apparatus, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the face 1 of the subject is directed straight to the apparatus main body, and the left and right eyes ER and EL are the left and right of the apparatus main body. When the directional instrument center position O is equidistant, for example, the eye characteristic of the right eye ER is measured by moving from the left / right direction instrument center position O to the right eye ER as one eye by a distance L1. In order to shift to the measurement of the eye characteristics of the left eye EL as the first eye, when the apparatus main body is moved from the position where the eye characteristics of one eye are measured to a position that reaches a movement distance 2L1 that is twice this movement distance, Since the main optical axis O1 of the apparatus main body is positioned in the vicinity of the cornea center position of the other eye, a series of operations from the measurement of the eye characteristics of one eye to the measurement of the eye characteristics of the other eye can be performed quickly. It can be carried out.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the forehead of the subject's face 1 is slanted against the forehead 2, and the face 1 is slanted with respect to the apparatus body. In this case, the distance L2 from the right eye ER to the left-right direction instrument center position O is different from the distance L3 from the left eye EL to the left-right direction instrument center position O.

  Therefore, in order to simply shift to the measurement of the eye characteristics of the other eye, the apparatus main body is moved from the position where the eye characteristics of one eye are measured by a movement distance 2L2 that is twice the movement distance. In this case, the left-right instrument center position O may be greatly deviated from the corneal apex of the other eye of the subject, and a series of operations from the measurement of the eye characteristics of one eye to the measurement of the eye characteristics of the other eye are performed quickly. It will not be possible.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the face 1 is biased toward one eye with respect to the left-right direction instrument center position (left-right direction center position O ′ of the forehead pad 2) O. Even when the forehead is applied, a situation may occur in which a series of operations from the measurement of the eye characteristics of one eye to the measurement of the eye characteristics of the other eye cannot be performed quickly.

  In such a case, it is unavoidable that the examiner operates the control lever to roughly adjust the vicinity of the cornea center of the eye to be measured while observing the anterior segment, and then execute auto alignment. It was. In FIGS. 1 to 3, the symbol EP indicates a pupil.

  Therefore, it is equipped with a detection sensor that detects the left-right instrument center position O with respect to the base of the device body, and after the measurement of the eye characteristics of one eye is completed, the position from the position where the eye characteristics of one eye is measured to the left-right instrument center position O. There has been proposed an optometry apparatus configured to detect the iris edge by moving the apparatus main body toward the camera and acquiring an anterior eye image of the subject simultaneously with detection by a detection sensor.

  In this configuration, the ophthalmologic apparatus main body is moved by a predetermined distance in the direction from the iris edge of the apparatus main body toward the cornea center of the other eye, and then the alignment by the alignment means is performed. A series of operations from the measurement to the measurement of the eye characteristics of the other eye can be performed automatically and quickly (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2010-131286 A

  By the way, in this conventional optometry apparatus, since the edge of the iris, that is, the edge of the pupil EP must be detected, when the apparatus main body is not focused on the eye to be examined, the edge of the iris is accurately detected. However, there is a problem that the focusing accuracy of the apparatus main body with respect to the eye to be examined is strictly required.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides an optometry apparatus that can quickly capture the other eye after performing measurement of the eye characteristics of one eye even when the focusing accuracy for the eye to be examined is rough. There is to do.

An optometry apparatus according to the present invention includes a drive unit that drives the apparatus main body in the front / rear, left / right, and up / down directions with respect to the anterior eye part, an alignment unit that automatically aligns the apparatus main body with respect to the eye to be examined, An observation optical system unit having a two-dimensional solid-state imaging element on which the image is formed, and the two-dimensional solid-state imaging so that the anterior segment image is obtained after measurement of the eye characteristics of one of the left and right eyes to be examined is completed A control operation unit for controlling the drive unit so as to move the apparatus main body in the left-right direction from one eye to the other eye, and an anterior eye imaged on the two-dimensional solid-state image sensor A monitor unit for displaying the image,
The control calculation unit includes a pixel row existing in a vertical side portion of the two-dimensional solid-state imaging element corresponding to a left-right direction of the eye to be examined and a vertical direction existing in the center of both the vertical side portions of the left-right direction. An extraction unit that extracts pixels in a plurality of columns existing in a column region between the pixel columns, a luminance value integration unit that integrates the luminance of the pixels extracted by the extraction unit, and integration by the luminance value integration unit A determination unit that determines whether or not the other eye has been received by the two-dimensional solid-state imaging device by determining a change in luminance by performing the movement during the movement of the apparatus main body, and It is composed of at least three area parts, a central area part divided in the row direction, and a peripheral area part set on both sides of the central area part, and the control calculation part is configured to detect pixels existing in the central area part. The luminance is accumulated using the device body When it is determined that there is no change in the brightness after the move, and executes the integration of the luminance using the pixels existing in the peripheral area portion.

  According to the present invention, even if the focusing accuracy for the eye to be examined is rough, the other eye can be quickly captured after the measurement of the eye characteristics of one eye is performed.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of measurement by a conventional optometry apparatus, where (a) is a diagram of a state in which a subject's face is correctly in contact with a forehead, as viewed from directly above. (B) is the figure which looked at the state in which the subject's face is correctly hitting the forehead from the front. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of a measurement defect of a conventional optometry apparatus, wherein (a) is a diagram of a state in which the subject's face is diagonally hitting the forehead from above. (B) is the figure which looked at the state where the face of the subject is hitting the forehead at an angle from the front. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining another example of the measurement defect of the conventional optometry apparatus, in which (a) shows a state in which the face of the subject is shifted laterally with respect to the center of the forehead. It is the figure seen from right above, (b) is the figure which looked at the state which the subject's face has shifted | deviated laterally with respect to the center of a forehead. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the appearance of the optometry apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of a drive mechanism arranged in the base shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an optical system of the eye refractive power section illustrated in FIG. FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the signal processing unit illustrated in FIG. 6. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an image receiving surface of the imaging apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating changes in the anterior segment image acquired by the imaging device when the apparatus main body is moved from one eye toward the other eye. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the average luminance value obtained by the pixels existing in the column area shown in FIG. 9 changes due to movement from one eye of the apparatus main body to the other eye. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state in which the column region illustrated in FIG. 9 is divided into five in the row direction.

  FIG. 4 is an external view of an optometry apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 10 denotes an optometry apparatus. The optometry apparatus 10 includes a base 11, a measurement head 12 as an apparatus main body, a liquid crystal display 13 as a monitor unit, a control lever 14, a measurement switch 15, a chin rest 16, and a forehead pad 17. The liquid crystal display 13 is provided on the examiner side, and the chin rest 16 and the forehead pad 17 are provided on the subject side.

  The subject is inspected with the chin placed on the chin rest 16 and the forehead 17 abutting the forehead. The measuring head 12 is configured to be movable with respect to the base 11 in the vertical direction (Y direction), the front-rear direction (Z direction), and the left-right direction (X direction). The measurement head 12 is driven by a drive mechanism described later.

The liquid crystal display 13 displays an image such as an anterior segment image of the eye to be examined. In addition, inspection results and the like are also displayed. The control lever 14 is used when driving the measuring head 12 manually. In addition, the liquid crystal display 13 may be configured to have a touch panel type and the control lever 14 may not be provided.
The drive mechanism is provided in the base 11. The drive mechanism has a bottom plate 20 as shown in FIG. The bottom plate 20 is fixed to the base 11, and the support portion 21 is provided on the bottom plate 20.

  The support portion 21 has a hollow portion, and a column 22 is disposed in the hollow portion. A drive motor (drive unit) 23 is fixed to the bottom plate 20. The drive motor 23 drives the support column 22 in the vertical direction via a drive force transmission mechanism (not shown). A stage 24 is fixed to the column 22. The stage 24 is moved up and down together with the column 22.

  The stage 24 is provided with a pair of longitudinal rails 25. A stage 26 is provided on the front-rear rail 25. The stage 24 is provided with a drive motor (drive unit) 27. The drive motor 27 transmits a driving force to the stage 26 via a driving force transmission mechanism (not shown), whereby the stage 26 is driven in the front-rear direction (Z direction) with respect to the subject.

  The stage 26 is provided with a detection sensor SO for detecting the left-right direction instrument center position O of the stage 29 with respect to the base 11. The detection sensor SO is composed of, for example, a photocoupler. The detection sensor SO plays a role of setting the apparatus main body at the initial position.

  A horizontal rail 28 is provided on the stage 26. A stage 29 is provided on the left-right rail 28. The stage 26 is provided with a drive motor (drive unit) 30. The drive motor 30 transmits driving force to the stage 29 via a driving force transmission mechanism (not shown). Thereby, the stage 29 is driven in the left-right direction with respect to the subject.

  As schematically shown in FIG. 6, the measurement head 12 is provided with an eye refractive power measurement unit 12A and an intraocular pressure measurement unit 12B. The eye refractive power measuring unit 12A is used when measuring the eye refractive power (spherical power, astigmatism power, astigmatic axis angle, etc.) of the eye E. The intraocular pressure measurement unit 12B is used when measuring the intraocular pressure of the eye E. The eye refractive power measurement unit 12A is provided, for example, at the top of the intraocular pressure measurement unit 12B.

(Configuration of eye refractive power measuring unit 12A)
The eye refractive power measurement unit 12A has the optical system shown in FIG. The optical system is compactly arranged in a case (not shown).

  In FIG. 7, reference numeral 41 denotes a fixation target projection optical system for projecting a target on the fundus Er in order to fixate and cloud the eye E, and 42 denotes an observation optical system unit for observing the anterior segment Ef of the eye E. , 43 is a scale projection optical system for projecting the aiming scale onto the CCD 44 as a two-dimensional solid-state imaging device, 45 is a pattern light beam projection optical system for projecting a pattern light beam for measuring the refractive power of the eye E to the fundus Er, 46 Is a light receiving optical system for causing the CCD 44 to receive a light beam reflected from the fundus Er, 47 is an alignment light projection system for projecting index light for detecting an alignment state in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis toward the eye to be examined, and 48 A working distance detection optical system 49 for detecting a working distance between the eye E and the apparatus main body (measuring head 12), 49 is a signal processing unit.

The pattern light beam projection optical system 45 and the light receiving optical system 46 constitute an eye refractive power measurement optical system.
The fixation target projection optical system 41 includes a light source 51, a collimator lens 52, an indicator plate 53, a relay lens 54, a mirror 55, a relay lens 56, a dichroic mirror 57, a dichroic mirror 58, and an objective lens 59.

  The visible light emitted from the light source 51 is converted into a parallel light beam by the collimator lens 52 and then passes through the indicator plate 53. The index plate 53 is provided with a target for fixing the eye E to be inspected and fogged.

  The target light flux passes through the relay lens 54 and is reflected by the mirror 55, is guided to the dichroic mirror 57 through the relay lens 56, is reflected by the mirror 55, and is guided to the main optical axis O1 of the optical system, and the dichroic mirror. After passing through 58, it is guided to the eye E through the objective lens 59.

  The light source 51, the collimator lens 52, and the index plate 53 constitute an index unit U10. The index unit U10 uses the drive motor PM1 to fix the light of the fixation target projection optical system 41 in order to fixate and cloud the eye E. It is possible to move integrally along the axis O2.

  The observation optical system unit 42 includes an illumination light source 61, an objective lens 59, a dichroic mirror 58, a relay lens 62 having a diaphragm 61 ', a mirror 63, a relay lens 64, a dichroic mirror 65, an imaging lens 66, and a two-dimensional solid-state imaging device. CCD44.

  The illumination light beam emitted from the illumination light source 61 illuminates the anterior segment Ef of the eye E to be examined. The illumination light beam reflected by the anterior eye portion Ef is reflected by the dichroic mirror 58 through the objective lens 59, passes through the diaphragm 61 ′ of the relay lens 62, is reflected by the mirror 63, and then is relayed by the relay lens 64 and the dichroic mirror 65. And is guided to the CCD 44 by the imaging lens 66, and an anterior ocular segment image to be described later is formed on the imaging surface of the CCD 44.

  The scale projection optical system 43 includes a light source 71, a collimator lens 72 having an aiming scale, a relay lens 73, a dichroic mirror 58, a relay lens 62 having an aperture 61 ′, a mirror 63, a relay lens 64, a dichroic mirror 65, and an imaging lens 66. CCD 44 is provided.

  The light beam emitted from the light source 71 is converted into a parallel light beam when passing through the collimator lens 72, is reflected by the mirror 63 through the relay lens 73, the dichroic mirror 58, and the relay lens 62 having a stop 61 '. Then, the light is imaged on the CCD 44 by the imaging lens 66 through the dichroic mirror 65.

  The video signal from the CCD 44 is input to the liquid crystal display 13 via the signal processing unit 49, and the anterior segment image Ef 'is displayed on the liquid crystal display 13 and alignment marks ALM1 and ALM2 are displayed. Note that the light sources 61 and 71 are turned off when measuring the refractive power after the alignment is completed.

  The pattern light beam projection optical system 45 includes a light source 81, a collimator lens 82, a conical prism 83, a ring indicator plate 84, a relay lens 85, a mirror 86, a relay lens 87, a perforated prism 88, a dichroic mirror 57, a dichroic mirror 58, and an objective lens. 59.

  The light source 81 and the ring indicator plate 84 are optically conjugate, and the ring indicator plate 84 and the pupil EP of the eye E are arranged at optically conjugate positions. The light source 81, the collimator lens 82, the conical prism 83, and the ring index plate 84 constitute an index unit U40, and the index unit U40 is driven back and forth along the optical axis O3 by the drive motor PM2.

  The light beam emitted from the light source 81 is converted into a parallel light beam by the collimator lens 82, passes through the conical prism 83, and is guided to the ring indicator plate 84. It passes through the ring-shaped pattern portion formed on the ring indicator plate 84 and becomes a pattern light beam.

  After passing through the relay lens 85, this pattern light beam is reflected by the mirror 86, passes through the relay lens 87, is reflected by the reflecting surface of the perforated prism 88, and is guided to the dichroic mirror 57 along the main optical axis Ol. After passing through the dichroic mirrors 57 and 58, an image is formed on the fundus Er by the objective lens 59.

  The light receiving optical system 46 includes an objective lens 59, dichroic mirrors 58 and 57, a hole 88a of a perforated prism 88, a relay lens 91, a mirror 92, a relay lens 93, a mirror 94, a focusing lens 95, a mirror 96, and a dichroic mirror 65. And an imaging lens 66 and a CCD 44. The focusing lens 95 is movable along the optical axis O4 in conjunction with the index unit U40.

  The reflected light beam guided to the fundus Er by the pattern light beam projection optical system 45 and reflected by the fundus Er is collected by the objective lens 59, transmitted through the dichroic mirrors 58 and 57, and the hole portion of the perforated prism 88. It is guided to 88a and passes through the hole 88a.

  The pattern reflected light beam that has passed through the hole 88a is transmitted through the relay lens 91, reflected by the mirror 92, transmitted through the relay lens 93, reflected by the mirror 94, transmitted through the focusing lens 95, and transmitted through the mirror 96, dichroic. The light is reflected by the mirror 65 and guided to the CCD 44 by the imaging lens 66. As a result, a pattern image is formed on the CCD 44.

  The alignment light projection system 47 includes an LED 101, a pinhole 102, a collimator lens 103, and a half mirror 104, and automatically projects the apparatus main body on the eye E by projecting an alignment index light beam toward the cornea C of the eye E. It has a function as an alignment unit that aligns automatically.

  The alignment index light beam projected as parallel light toward the eye E is reflected by the cornea C of the eye E, and the alignment index image T is projected onto the CCD 44 by the observation optical system unit 42. When the alignment index image T is positioned within the alignment mark ALM1, it is determined that the alignment is complete.

  The working distance detection optical system 48 has a function as an alignment unit that detects a working distance between the eye E and the apparatus main body (measurement head 12). The working distance detection optical system 48 has finite distance index projection systems 102R and 102L that project an index from a finite distance, respectively, symmetrically with respect to the main optical axis O1. The finite distance index projection systems 102R and 102L that project the index from the finite distance project the light beam from the light source 102a onto the eye E as an index light beam from the left and right sides.

  The index light beams from these two finite distance index projection systems 102R and 102L are reflected by the cornea C of the eye E and are imaged on the CCD 44 by the observation optical system unit 42. Based on the output from the CCD 44, the signal processing unit 49 displays the index images 102R ′ and 102L ′ by the index light beams from the finite distance index projection systems 102R and 102L on the liquid crystal display 13.

  The same index image as the index images' 102R 'and 102L' is formed on the CCD 44. When these index images are in a certain positional relationship on the CCD 44, it is detected that the working distance is a distance WO suitable for measurement. In addition, in FIG. 7, code | symbol CP shows a corneal vertex.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the signal processing unit 49 includes a control calculation unit 110, an A / D converter 112, a frame memory 113, a D / A converter 114, and a D / A converter 115. The control calculation unit 110 includes a CPU, ROM, RAM, input / output circuit, control circuit, and the like (not shown).

  The control calculation unit 110 is connected to the CCD 44 via the frame memory 113 and the A / D converter 112, and is connected to the liquid crystal display 13 via the D / A converter 115. The CCD 44 is connected to the liquid crystal display 13 via an A / D converter 112, a frame memory 113, and a D / A converter 114.

  The control calculation unit 110 also drives and controls the pulse motors PM1 and PM2 and drives and controls the drive motors 23, 27, and 30. Thereby, the apparatus main body (measurement head) is driven in the X, Y, and Z directions. In addition, the control calculation unit 110 is connected to a driver (not shown) in order to control lighting of the various light sources 51, 61, 71, 81, 102a and the LED 101.

  The control calculation unit 110 calculates the eye characteristics, controls the CCD 44 so that the anterior eye image Ef is acquired after the measurement of the eye characteristics of one of the left and right eyes to be examined, and controls the one eye. It has a function of controlling the drive motors (drive units) 23, 27, 30 so that the apparatus main body is moved in the left-right direction from the first to the other eye. Note that the calculation results and the like by the control calculation unit 110 are stored in a RAM (not shown).

  Further, the control calculation unit 110 calculates the light receiving positions of the alignment index image T and the index images 102R ′ and 102L ′ received by the CCD 44, and based on the calculation result, the main optical axis O1 and the optical axis of the eye E to be examined. The amount of deviation Δxy between the two and the amount of deviation Δz from the appropriate working distance WO is calculated.

In addition, the control calculation unit 110 outputs a drive signal for causing the light source 81 to emit light when the deviation amounts Δxy and Δz are equal to or less than the threshold values Δxy0 and Δz0. The threshold values Δxy0 and Δz0 are stored in a RAM (not shown) of the signal processing unit 49. That is, the control calculation unit 110 functions as an alignment unit that automatically aligns the apparatus main body (measurement head 12) with respect to the eye E.
Here, the main optical axis O1 of the eye refractive power measurement unit 12A is aligned with the eye E to be examined.

  That is, when the power switch is turned on, the control calculation unit 110 turns on the light sources 61 and 71 and the light sources 102a of the working distance detection optical system. As shown in FIG. 7, the examiner operates the control lever 14 based on the anterior segment image Ef ′ displayed on the liquid crystal display 13 so that the pupil EP of the eye E is positioned at the alignment mark ALM2.

Thereby, rough alignment is performed. When the rough alignment is completed, alignment index images T and index images 102R ′ and 102L ′ are displayed on the screen of the liquid crystal display 13.
Thereafter, alignment detection based on the alignment light projection system 47 and the working distance detection optical system 48 is started.

  Thereby, the apparatus main body (measurement head 12) is driven in the X, Y, and Z directions, and automatic alignment adjustment is started. In other words, the apparatus main body (measuring head 12) is driven and controlled in the X, Y, and Z directions so that the shift amounts Δxy and Δz with respect to the eye E are equal to or less than Δxy0 and Δz0, respectively. Thus, when the alignment index image T is positioned within the alignment mark ALM1, the automatic alignment with respect to the apex of the cornea C of the eye E is completed.

  When this automatic alignment is completed, the unit U40 is driven and the light source 81 emits light so that the ring index plate 84 is positioned at the fundus conjugate position when the eye E to be examined is assumed to be a normal eye.

  As a result, a pattern light beam for measuring eye refractive power is projected onto the fundus Er of the eye E, and as a result, a pattern image is formed on the CCD 44. The video signal from the CCD 44 is converted into a digital value by the A / D converter 112 and stored in the frame memory 113. The control calculation unit 110 extracts a pattern image by binarization processing based on the image data stored in the frame memory 113.

  As a result, the spherical power, the cylindrical power, and the shaft angle as the eye refractive power are measured by a known method. The configuration of the eye refractive power measurement unit is the same as that disclosed in JP-A-2002-253506, but is not limited to this configuration.

Here, the configuration of the control calculation unit 110 according to the present invention will be described on the assumption that the eye refractive power measurement of the left eye EL has been completed in this way.
It is assumed that the control calculation unit 110 drives the drive motor 30 after the measurement of the left eye EL and automatically drives the apparatus main body (measurement head 12) in the right direction.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the control calculation unit 110 includes an extraction unit 110A, a luminance value integration unit 110B, and a determination unit 110C. The luminance value integrating unit 110B has an averaging processing unit. As shown in FIG. 9, the extraction unit 110 </ b> A has a pixel row existing in the vertical side portions 44 a and 44 b in the left and right direction of the CCD 44 corresponding to the left and right direction of the eye E and the center of both vertical side portions 44 a and 44 b in the left and right direction. A plurality of vertical pixels 44g existing in the vertical region 44d between the vertical pixel columns 44c and the vertical pixel column 44c.

  The luminance value integrating unit 110B has a function of integrating the luminance of the pixel 44g extracted by the extracting unit 110A. Here, the luminance value integrating unit 110B integrates the luminance values of the pixels 44g, and then divides the sum P of the luminance values by the number N of pixels in the vertical region 44d, thereby averaging the pixels 44g existing in the vertical region 44d. A luminance value MI is calculated.

  The determination unit 110C has a function of determining whether or not the other eye has been received by the CCD 44 by performing the integration by the luminance value integration unit 110B while the apparatus main body is moving to determine a change in luminance.

  FIG. 10 shows a state in which the anterior segment image Ef ′ received by the CCD 44 is displayed on the liquid crystal display 13. FIG. 10 shows an anterior segment image Ef ′ displayed on the liquid crystal display 13 when the apparatus main body is moved from the state of receiving the left eye to the direction of receiving the right eye. The anterior segment image Ef ′ reflected on the liquid crystal display 13 corresponds to the anterior segment image Ef ′ received by the CCD 44.

  In FIG. 10, (a) shows an image acquired immediately after the completion of the measurement of the eye refractive power of the left eye EL. (B) shows the anterior segment image Ef ′ acquired when the apparatus main body is moved by a certain amount in the left-right direction from the position immediately after the measurement of the refractive power of the left eye EL toward the right eye ER.

  FIG. 10C shows the anterior segment acquired when the surveying instrument main body is moved by a certain amount in the left-right direction from the position where the anterior segment image Ef ′ shown in FIG. 10B is acquired to the right eye ER. The image Ef ′ is shown, and (d) is the image obtained when the surveying instrument main body is moved by a certain amount in the left-right direction from the position where the anterior segment image Ef ′ shown in (c) is acquired to the right eye ER. Eye part image Ef 'is shown, and (e) is acquired when the surveying instrument main body is moved by a certain amount in the left-right direction from the position where the anterior eye part image Ef' shown in (c) is acquired to the right eye ER. An anterior segment image Ef ′ is shown.

  Since the device body is aligned with the left eye EL, the image acquired immediately after the completion of the measurement of the eye refractive power of the left eye EL is in focus, but the device body is moved from the left eye EL to the right eye ER. Since the distance from the apparatus main body to the anterior eye portion Ef relatively changes with the movement toward the front, the anterior eye portion image Ef ′ formed on the CCD 44 is out of focus.

  Accordingly, as shown in (b) to (e), the anterior segment image Ef is blurred. Further, as the left eye EL is reflected as the apparatus main body is moved in the left-right direction from the left eye EL toward the right eye ER, the nose portion Ha is changed to the CCD 44 as shown in (d) and (e). The image is ready to be received.

  Further, in FIG. 10, (f) is obtained before the apparatus main body is moved by a certain amount in the left-right direction from the position where the anterior segment image Ef ′ shown in (e) is obtained toward the right eye ER. Eye part image Ef ′ is shown, and (g) is acquired when the apparatus main body is moved by a certain amount in the left-right direction from the position where the anterior eye part image Ef ′ shown in (f) is acquired toward the right eye ER. An anterior segment image Ef ′ is shown.

  FIG. 10H illustrates an anterior segment image acquired when the apparatus main body is moved by a certain amount in the left-right direction from the position at which the anterior segment image Ef ′ illustrated in FIG. (I) is an anterior segment acquired when the apparatus main body is moved by a certain amount in the left-right direction from the position where the anterior segment image Ef ′ shown in (h) is acquired toward the right eye ER. The image Ef ′ is shown.

  FIG. 10J illustrates an anterior segment image acquired when the apparatus main body is moved by a certain amount in the left-right direction from the position at which the anterior segment image Ef ′ illustrated in FIG. Ek ′ is shown, and (k) is an anterior segment acquired when the apparatus main body is moved by a certain amount in the left-right direction from the position where the anterior segment image Ef ′ shown in (j) is acquired to the right eye ER. The image Ef ′ is shown.

  When the device body is moved from the position where the nose portion Ha is received by the CCD 44 as shown in (e) further to the right eye ER by a certain amount in the left-right direction, (f), (g) As shown in FIG. 4, the state in which the nose portion Ha is reflected for a while as the anterior segment image Ef ′ continues, and then a state in which a part of the right eye ER is received by the CCD 44 as shown in (h) and (i) After that, as shown in (j) and (k), almost all of the right eye ER is received by the CCD 44.

  Regarding the anterior segment image Ef ′ acquired by the CCD 44, the portions acquired in the pixel areas at the four corners of the CCD 44 have a low light amount and are dim. The reason is that the amount of light reflected by the peripheral anterior segment Ef and returning to the observation optical system 42 is small.

Further, as compared with FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c) or FIGS. 10 (h) to 10 (k), as shown in FIGS. 10 (d) to 10 (g), the entire nose. The anterior segment image Ef ′ in which the portion Ha is reflected is brighter than the anterior segment image Ef ′ in which the eye is reflected.
This is because the amount of reflected light is larger in the anterior segment image Ef ′ in which the nose portion Ha is reflected.

  In order to increase the amount of reflected light from the nose portion Ha, the control calculation unit 110 illuminates the observation optical system unit 42 after the measurement of one eye is completed and before the apparatus main body is moved in the direction in which the other eye exists. It is desirable to perform control to increase the light quantity of the light source 61.

  In this embodiment, the luminance values of the pixels 44g in the column region 44d of the CCD 44 are integrated, and the average luminance value MI obtained by dividing the sum P of the luminance values by the number N of pixels in the column region 44d is used. Thus, it is determined whether the other eye has been received by the CCD 44 by determining the change in luminance.

  In addition, since the luminance acquired by the pixels 44g of the pixel area 44x at the four corners of the CCD 44 is excluded, the luminance value in the column area when the apparatus main body is moved from one eye to the other eye. Changes can be accurately detected.

FIG. 11 shows changes in the average luminance value MI of the column region 44d of the CCD 44 when the anterior segment image shown in FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (k) is obtained.
In FIG. 10, an image region corresponding to the column region 44d of the CCD 44 is indicated by reference numeral 44d ′ for convenience.

  The average luminance value MI increases while changing in a stepwise manner as the state shifts from the state in which one eye E is received on the CCD 44 to the state in which the nose portion Ha is received. While the state where the nose portion Ha is received by the CCD 44 continues, the average luminance value MI maintains a substantially constant value.

Next, as the state shifts from the state where the nose portion Ha is received on the CCD 44 to the state where the other eye E is received, the average luminance value MI decreases while changing in a stepwise manner.
The determination unit 110C calculates the difference between the average luminance value MI acquired last time and the average luminance value MI acquired this time, and determines whether the absolute value of the difference is equal to or less than a first predetermined value.

  When the state where the absolute value of the difference is equal to or smaller than the first predetermined value is repeatedly obtained a plurality of times, the determination unit 110C determines that the average luminance value MI acquired last is the maximum luminance value MI '. The number of repetitions can be set as appropriate.

  Next, the determination unit 110C calculates a difference between the maximum luminance value MI ′ and the average luminance value MI acquired next time, and whether or not the difference is negative and the absolute value of the difference is greater than or equal to a second predetermined value. Determine whether. When this difference is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value, the determination unit 110C determines that a part of the other eye has been received by the CCD 44.

The size of the first predetermined value is set to be smaller than the size of the second predetermined value in order to avoid erroneously judging the fluctuation as the maximum value.
On the other hand, the second predetermined value is set to be larger than the first predetermined value in order to avoid mistaking the variation and judging that a part of the other eye has been received by the CCD 44.

  If the difference between the maximum luminance value MI ′ and the average luminance value MI acquired next time is negative and the absolute value of this difference is greater than the second predetermined value, the control calculation unit 110 determines that the device 110C A process of reducing the moving speed of the main body is executed.

  In this embodiment, the control calculation unit 110 drives as a drive unit so that the moving speed of the apparatus main body is reduced when the anterior segment image Ef ′ shown in FIG. The motor 30 is controlled.

  That is, the control calculation unit 110 causes the apparatus main body to be driven at a constant speed and before the average luminance value MI rises before the judgment unit 110C changes the average luminance value MI from rising to lowering. When turning to, the drive unit is controlled so that the moving speed of the apparatus main body is reduced.

  When the apparatus main body is moved in the direction in which the other eye exists from the position where the anterior segment image Ef ′ shown in FIG. 10 (j) is acquired, the center of the CCD 44 is shown in FIG. 10 (k). Thus, an image of the pupil Ep of the eye E is received at a location that roughly corresponds to the vertical pixel row 44c.

The control calculation unit 110 automatically starts the approximate alignment before and after obtaining the anterior segment image Ef ′ shown in FIG. 10 (k), whereby the alignment index image T and the index images 102R ′ and 102L ′ are liquid crystal. The image is displayed on the screen of the display 13.
Thereafter, automatic alignment detection based on the alignment light projection system 47 and the working distance detection optical system 48 is started.

  Here, in the vertical region 44d of the CCD 44, the apparatus main body is driven in a direction in which either one of the eyes is reflected on the liquid crystal display 13 and the other eye is reflected on the liquid crystal display 13. In this case, since the image of the other eye of the two vertical sides 44a and 44b of the CCD 44 is set so as to be biased to the side closer to the vertical side on the side where the image is first reflected, the other eye E The detection speed can be improved.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, when the apparatus main body is driven from the left to the right, the column region 44d is moved from the state in which the left eye EL as one eye is reflected on the liquid crystal display 13 to the other. The image of the right eye ER as an eye is set so as to be biased toward the vertical side portion 44a on the side where the image is first reflected.

  Further, the control arithmetic unit 110 drives the apparatus main body in a direction in which either one of the eyes is reflected on the liquid crystal display 13 from a state where the other eye is reflected on the liquid crystal display 13. In this case, either one of the eyes from the state in which either one of the vertical sides 44a and 44b of the CCD 44 is set so as to be biased toward the side closer to the vertical side 44a on the side where the image is first reflected. The extraction unit 110A is controlled so as to be biased toward the side closer to the vertical side portion 44b on the side where the first image is reflected.

  In this embodiment, when the apparatus main body is driven from right to left, the column region 44d is set so as to be biased toward the side closer to the vertical side portion 44a on the side where the image of the right eye ER is first reflected. 110 A of extraction parts are controlled so that it may be biased and set to the side close | similar to the vertical side part 44b of the side in which the image of one eye is reflected initially from a state.

  According to this embodiment, instead of detecting the pupil or iris of the eye E, the eye E of the anterior segment image Ef ′ is received by the CCD 44 based on the change in luminance of a predetermined column region 44d of the CCD 44. Therefore, the detection speed of the eye E can be improved.

  Furthermore, when detecting the pupil or iris of the eye E, when the apparatus main body is moved in the left-right direction, a certain degree of focusing accuracy is required for the anterior segment Ef. For example, only the change in luminance is determined to determine whether or not the subject eye E is received by the CCD 44. Therefore, when the apparatus main body is moved in the left-right direction, even if the focusing accuracy with respect to the subject eye is rough, After performing the eye characteristic measurement, the other eye can be quickly captured.

  Although the embodiment has been described above, as shown in FIG. 12, the column region 44d includes a central region portion 44h divided in the row direction, peripheral region portions 44i and 44j set on both sides of the central region portion 44h, Peripheral area portions 44k and 44l set on both sides of the peripheral area portions 44i and 44j may be used.

  In this case, the control calculation unit 110 performs luminance integration using the pixels present in the central region 44h, and when it is determined that there is no change in luminance after moving the apparatus main body by a predetermined amount, the peripheral region 44i. , 44j using the pixels existing in the peripheral region portions 44k, 44l when it is determined that there is no change in luminance after the apparatus main body is further moved a predetermined amount. Perform luminance integration.

  Here, the integration of the luminance using the pixels existing in the central region 44h is performed when the apparatus main body is moved in the left-right direction from one eye to the other eye. Is likely to be received by the central region 44h of the CCD 44, and if the luminance average value is integrated using only the pixels of the central region 44h, the total number of pixels used for integration can be reduced. This is because the processing speed can be further improved.

  In this embodiment, the column region 44d is composed of five region parts in the row direction, but the column region 44d is set on the center region portion 44h divided in the row direction and on both sides of the center region portion 44h. Further, it may be composed of at least three region portions including peripheral region portions 44i and 44j.

  As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the optometry apparatus that measures the ocular refractive power and the intraocular pressure has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, only the ocular refractive power measurement and the intraocular pressure measurement are performed. The present invention can also be applied to an optometry apparatus that performs measurement, an optometry apparatus that measures a corneal curvature radius, and the like.

12 ... Measuring head (device main body)
13 ... Liquid crystal display (monitor part)
30 ... Drive motor (drive unit)
42 ... Observation optical system 44 ... CCD (two-dimensional solid-state image sensor)
44a, 44b ... Vertical side portion 44c ... Pixel column 44d ... Vertical column region 44g ... Pixel 110 ... Control operation unit 110A ... Extraction unit 110B ... Luminance value integration unit 110C ... Determination unit

Claims (6)

A drive unit for driving the apparatus main body in the front-rear, left-right, up-down direction with respect to the anterior segment;
An alignment unit that automatically aligns the apparatus main body with respect to the eye to be examined;
An observation optical system unit having a two-dimensional solid-state image sensor on which an anterior ocular segment image is formed;
The two-dimensional solid-state imaging device is controlled so that the anterior segment image is acquired after the measurement of the eye characteristics of one of the left and right eyes to be examined, and in the left-right direction from one eye to the other eye A control calculation unit for controlling the drive unit so that the apparatus main body is moved;
A monitor unit for displaying an anterior ocular segment image formed on the two-dimensional solid-state imaging device;
The control calculation unit
Between the pixel row existing in the vertical side portion in the left-right direction of the two-dimensional solid-state imaging device corresponding to the left-right direction of the eye to be examined and the vertical pixel row existing in the center of both vertical side portions in the left-right direction An extraction unit for extracting a plurality of columns of pixels existing in the column region;
A luminance value integrating unit that integrates the luminance of the pixels extracted by the extracting unit;
A determination unit that determines whether or not the other eye is received by the two-dimensional solid-state imaging device by performing integration by the luminance value integration unit during movement of the apparatus main body and determining a change in luminance;
With
Further, the column area is divided into a row direction and is composed of at least three area parts including a center area part and peripheral area parts set on both sides of the center area part,
The control calculation unit performs luminance integration using the pixels existing in the central region, and when it is determined that there is no change in the luminance after moving the device main body by a predetermined amount, An optometry apparatus that performs luminance integration using existing pixels. The determination unit determines whether the other eye is received by the two-dimensional solid-state imaging device by determining a change in an average luminance value obtained by dividing the luminance integrated value by the number of pixels used for the luminance integration. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:   The vertical region of the two-dimensional solid-state imaging device is configured so that either one of the two eyes is reflected on the monitor unit in a direction in which the other eye is reflected on the monitor unit. When the main body is driven, it is set so as to be biased toward the side closer to the vertical side on the side where the image of the other eye is first reflected out of the two vertical sides of the two-dimensional solid-state imaging device The optometry apparatus according to claim 1.   In the control calculation unit, the apparatus main body is driven in a direction in which either one of the eyes is reflected on the monitor unit from a state where the other eye is reflected on the monitor unit. Any one of the two vertical sides of the two-dimensional solid-state imaging device is set so as to be biased toward the side closer to the vertical side on the side where the image of the other eye is first reflected. 4. The optometry apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the extraction unit is controlled so as to be set so as to be biased toward a side closer to a vertical side portion on a side where an image of one eye is first reflected.   The observation optical system unit includes an anterior segment illumination light source, and the control calculation unit is configured to move the apparatus main body in a direction in which the other eye exists after the measurement of the one eye is completed. 3. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the amount of illumination of the anterior segment illumination light source is increased from that before the measurement of the eye characteristics is completed. The control calculation unit is configured so that the apparatus main body is driven at a constant speed until the average luminance value is changed from rising to lowering by the determining unit, and the average luminance value is changed to lowering after the rising. 3. The optometry apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein after the determination is made, the driving unit is controlled such that a moving speed of the apparatus main body is decreased.