JP5898994B2 - Composite fabrics and clothing - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a composite fabric that is lightweight and has an adequate moisture permeability while suppressing air permeability and excellent heat retention. Moreover, this invention relates to the clothing manufactured using this composite fabric.

Conventionally, various fabrics and clothes for the purpose of keeping the environment in clothes comfortable have been developed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a windproof apparel made of a laminate of a porous sheet made of a thermoplastic polymer and at least one fiber sheet, as a windproof apparel mainly intended for outdoor use such as a blouson or a windbreaker. Is described. Patent Document 1 describes that it is possible to obtain a windproof garment that has appropriate flexibility and air permeability, is excellent in windproof properties, and also has stretchability as required.

In addition, as a fabric used for outdoor clothing such as sportswear, Patent Document 2 discloses a fabric composed of three layers, a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a back layer, and the surface layer is a moisture-permeable waterproof resin. A moisture-permeable waterproof fabric is described in which the intermediate layer is composed of ultrafine yarns containing hydrophilic fibers, and the back layer is composed of hydrophobic fibers. In Patent Document 2, since sweat generated by intense exercise is diffused from the back layer (side in contact with the skin) to the intermediate layer and radiates out through the surface layer, there is no sticky feeling between the skin and clothing. It also describes that rain and wind can be prevented by the waterproofness of the surface layer.

However, the conventional fabrics and garments as described in Patent Document 1 or 2 have relatively low breathability, so that windproof and heat retaining properties can be obtained. The wettability is also insufficient. In addition, when trying to reduce the weight or improve the moisture permeability, the air permeability becomes too high, and it is difficult to combine these performances.

JP 2002-54009 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-230770

An object of the present invention is to provide a composite fabric that is light in weight and has an appropriate moisture permeability while suppressing air permeability and excellent heat retention. Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide the clothing manufactured using this composite fabric.

The present invention provides a composite fabric with a nanofiber nonwoven fabric having a diameter of the fiber axis direction orthogonal cross-section of fibers of less than 2μm above 50 nm, and a knitted fabric laminated on at least one surface of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric, the nanofiber The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is 10 to 50 g / m ² , the basis weight of the knitted fabric is 35 to 95 g / m ² , the fabric thickness is 0.10 to 0.35 mm, and JIS L-1096 A method (Fragile of composite fabric) Air permeability according to the JIS L-1099 A-1 method (sodium chloride method) is 300 g / m, the air permeability according to the JIS L-1099 A-1 method (sodium chloride method) is not less than 5 cc / cm ² / sec. It is a composite fabric that is ² / h or more.
The present invention is described in detail below.

The present inventor has studied to use a nanofiber nonwoven fabric made of ultrafine fibers in order to ensure appropriate moisture permeability while suppressing air permeability. Furthermore, when such a nanofiber nonwoven fabric is used alone, the flexibility, abrasion resistance, feel to the touch, etc. will be insufficient, and the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and knitted fabric will be further improved for the purpose of further improving the heat retention. We studied to make a composite fabric by laminating fabrics.
Here, in order to suppress the air permeability of the knitted fabric and increase the heat retaining property, it is considered that it is usually effective to use a knitted fabric filled with stitches. On the other hand, when this inventor laminated | stacked the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and the knitted fabric and made it a composite fabric, it discovered that heat retention was improved even if the stitch of the knitted fabric was rough. This is presumed to be because, by laminating a nanofiber nonwoven fabric having low air permeability and a coarse knitted fabric, a heat insulating layer made of air is formed in the gaps between the yarns of the knitted fabric, and the heat retention is improved. In such a composite fabric, in addition to the coarse stitches of the knitted fabric, sufficient heat retention can be obtained even if the fabric thickness of the knitted fabric is reduced, so that the weight can be reduced.

The present inventor has obtained a breathability by laminating a nanofiber nonwoven fabric made of fibers having a diameter in a predetermined range and a knitted fabric having a relatively small basis weight and a thin fabric thickness in a predetermined range to form a composite fabric. The present inventors have found that it is possible to achieve light weight and secure appropriate moisture permeability while suppressing heat retention and achieving the present invention.

The composite fabric of the present invention has a nanofiber nonwoven fabric composed of fibers having a diameter in the direction perpendicular to the fiber axis of 50 nm or more and less than 2 μm, and a knitted fabric laminated on at least one side of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric.
The composite fabric of the present invention is used so that the knitted fabric is on the skin side. The knitted fabric may be laminated on only one side of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric, or may be laminated on both sides, but it is possible to suppress the abrasion of the fibers of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and improve the durability of the composite fabric. It is preferable to be laminated. When the knitted fabric is laminated on both surfaces of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric, the knitted fabric on the skin side is called the lining, and the knitted fabric on the outside is called the outer fabric.

The nanofiber nonwoven fabric has a large number of extremely minute heat insulating layers made of air, and has a function of escaping moisture in the clothes while preventing air from entering from outside and exhibiting an excellent heat retaining effect.
When the diameter of the fiber is less than 50 nm, the heat insulating layer becomes further minute, and the function of escaping moisture in the clothes is reduced. When the diameter of the fiber is 2 μm or more, the heat insulating layer becomes large, the function of preventing air from entering from the outside is lowered, and the heat retaining effect is insufficient. The diameter of the fiber is preferably 50 to 900 nm, more preferably 50 to 700 nm, and particularly preferably 100 to 700 nm.
The diameter of the fiber was measured with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (magnification: 10,000 to 50,000 times), and the diameter (thickness) of the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the fiber axis of the randomly selected fiber was measured. 30 points are measured and expressed by the average value.

The material of the fibers constituting the nanofiber nonwoven fabric is not particularly limited as long as it has an elongation that can follow the stretchability of the knitted fabric, and a conventionally known material can be used. In addition, synthetic fibers, thermoplastic elastomer fibers and the like used as a material for the knitted fabric can be used.
Specific examples of the fiber material constituting the nanofiber nonwoven fabric include, for example, polyurethane (eg, spandex) and elastomeric polymer (eg, thermoplastic elastomer fiber such as urethane elastomer, polyester elastomer, polyamide elastomer). Etc. Since fibers made of these materials are excellent in stretchability, they are suitable when the composite fabric of the present invention is used for underwear or the like. Of these, polyurethane and urethane elastomer are preferable.

As the urethane elastomer, a water-absorbing or moisture-permeable polyurethane resin is preferable. By using a water-absorbing or moisture-permeable polyurethane resin, the water-absorbing quick-drying property of the composite fabric can be improved.
Water-absorbing quick-drying means that when the fabric or clothes are in direct contact with moisture such as sweat, moisture is immediately released to the outside through the interior of the fabric or clothes and the fabric or clothes themselves are also quickly dried. It means a property that can be done. The fabric or clothes excellent in water absorption and quick drying can keep the environment in the clothes comfortable.

The water-absorbing or moisture-permeable polyurethane resin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a polyether-based polyurethane resin obtained by reacting a polyether polyol, a chain extender, and a polyisocyanate. Such a polyether-based polyurethane resin is a soft elastomer and preferably has a number average molecular weight of 5000 or more, more preferably 5000 to 100,000.
The said polyether polyol is not specifically limited, The conventionally well-known polyether polyol used for manufacture of a polyurethane can be used, For example, polytetramethylene glycol ether, polyethylene glycol ether, polypropylene glycol ether etc. are mentioned.

The chain extender is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include conventionally known polyhydric alcohols and amines. In particular, dihydric alcohols having an average molecular weight of 250 or less are preferable. As the chain extender, specifically, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9- Examples include aliphatic glycols such as nonanediol and neopentyl glycol; alicyclic glycols such as bishydroxymethylcyclohexane and cyclohexane-1,4-diol; aromatic glycols such as xylylene glycol.

The polyisocyanate is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known polyisocyanate can be used. For example, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine methyl ester diisocyanate, methylene Aliphatic isocyanates such as diisocyanate, isopropylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, 1,5-octylene diisocyanate, dimer diisocyanate; 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate, methylcyclohexane diisocyanate Alicyclic isocyanates such as isopropylidene dicyclohexyl-4,4′-diisocyanate; 2,4- or 2 6-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), triphenylmethane triisocyanate, tris (4-phenylisocyanate) thiophosphate And aromatic isocyanates such as tolidine diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, diphenyl ether diisocyanate and diphenylsulfone diisocyanate.

The method for producing the polyether-based polyurethane resin is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known production method can be used. For example, a polyether polyol, a chain extender, and a polyisocyanate are required in a suitable organic solvent. Depending on the method, a reaction method using a catalyst, a melt reaction method without solvent, and the like can be mentioned. Moreover, it is preferable to adjust the blending ratio of the raw materials so that the equivalent ratio of isocyanate group / hydroxyl group is about 0.9 to 1.1.

The water-absorbing or moisture-permeable polyurethane resin preferably has a hydrophilic portion in the polyurethane structure. By using a water-absorbing or moisture-permeable polyurethane resin having a hydrophilic portion in the polyurethane structure, moisture such as sweat that has contacted the knitted fabric on the skin side can be more easily transferred to the nanofiber nonwoven fabric, and The moisture transferred to the nanofiber nonwoven fabric can be released to the outside more easily. That is, the water absorption quick drying property of the composite fabric is improved.
On the other hand, when a water-absorbing or moisture-permeable polyurethane resin having no hydrophilic portion in the polyurethane structure is used, the water repellency is increased due to the lotus effect and the movement of moisture may be hindered.

Examples of the hydrophilic portion include polyoxyalkylenes such as ethylene oxide (— (OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) _n —) (— (OR) _n —, R is an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n is an integer). And hydrophilic groups such as a sulfonic acid group, a carboxyl group, and an amino group.

Commercially available products of the water-absorbing or moisture-permeable polyurethane include, for example, Aqua Five AQ-60 (water-absorbing polyurethane resin, manufactured by Okada Engineering Co., Ltd.), Resamine PM-2081 (manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), and Samprene LQ-120 (Sanyo). Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., Heimlen Y-237NS (Daiichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Heimlen Y-210B (Moisture-permeable urethane resin, Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Heimlen Y-119E (Daisen Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), etc. Is mentioned.

The water absorption of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric is preferably such that the measured value by the Bayrec method is 3.0 cm or more and the measured value by the dropping method is 200 seconds or less. If the water absorption is out of the above range, the water absorption quick drying property of the composite fabric may be lowered. The water absorption is more preferably measured by the birec method of 5.0 cm or more and the measured value of the dropping method by 200 seconds or less, measured by the birec method of 7.0 cm or more, measured by the dropping method. More preferably, the value is 155 seconds or less.
The dropping method is a measuring method defined in JIS L 1907 (1) (a), and the birec method is a measuring method defined in JIS L 1907 (1) (b).

The basis weight of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric is preferably less than 300 g / m ² . When the basis weight is 300 g / m ² or more, the function of releasing moisture in the clothes may be reduced. Basis weight is more preferably from 10 to 200 g / ^{m 2,} and still more preferably from 10 to 50 g / ^{m 2.}
The basis weight is a value obtained by measuring the weight of a 150 × 150 mm test piece and calculating the weight per unit area.

The thickness of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric is preferably 10 to 300 μm. When the thickness of the fabric is out of such a range, the function of escaping moisture in the garment may be reduced while preventing air from entering from outside and exhibiting an excellent heat retaining effect. The dough thickness is more preferably 50 to 200 μm.
The fabric thickness can be measured using, for example, a dial thickness gauge (manufactured by Ozaki Seisakusho).

The knitted fabric has a function of enhancing the heat retaining property of the composite fabric and imparting suppleness, wear resistance, feeling of touch and the like.
The basis weight of the knitted fabric is 35 to 95 g / m ² . By laminating a coarse knitted fabric having such a basis weight on a nanofiber nonwoven fabric with low air permeability, a heat insulating layer made of air is formed in the gaps of the yarn of the knitted fabric, and the heat retention of the composite fabric is improved. it can. In addition, even if it has such a basis weight, the knitted fabric alone cannot obtain a high heat retaining property, while preventing the intrusion of air from the outside and exhibiting an excellent heat retaining effect, The function of escaping moisture is not demonstrated.
If the basis weight is less than 35 g / m ² , the strength of the knitted fabric itself is insufficient and a composite fabric is not established. If the basis weight exceeds 95 g / m ² , a feeling of stuffiness will be generated in the clothes, or it will become heavy and the feeling of wearing will worsen. Preferably the basis weight is 35~90g / ^{m 2,} and more preferably 38~88g / ^{m 2.}

The fabric thickness of the knitted fabric is 0.10 to 0.35 mm. In the composite fabric of the present invention, in addition to the coarse stitches of the knitted fabric, sufficient heat retention can be obtained even if the fabric thickness of the knitted fabric is reduced, so that the weight can be reduced. If the fabric thickness is less than 0.10 mm, the strength of the composite fabric is lowered, or the heat retaining property is lowered. When the fabric thickness exceeds 0.35 mm, the composite fabric becomes heavy and the wearing feeling becomes worse. The dough thickness is preferably 0.13 to 0.33 mm, and more preferably 0.15 to 0.32 mm.
When the knitted fabric is laminated on both surfaces of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric, the fabric thickness of the knitted fabric means the fabric thickness of each knitted fabric.

When the said knitted fabric is laminated | stacked on both surfaces of the said nanofiber nonwoven fabric, it is preferable that a surface material is comprised with the hydrophilic material and the lining is comprised with the hydrophobic material. However, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, a hydrophilic material and a hydrophobic material can be used in combination, and the outer material and the lining material may be made of the same material.
Conventionally known materials are used as the hydrophilic material, for example, vegetable fibers such as cotton and hemp; animal hair fibers such as wool; synthetic fibers such as polyester imparted with hydrophilicity; cupra, rayon, acetate, Examples thereof include recycled fibers such as polynosic and lyocell. Of these, cotton and wool are preferred from the viewpoints of touch and heat retention. These hydrophilic materials are used alone or in combination of two or more.

As the hydrophobic material, a conventionally known material is used, and examples thereof include polyester (for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), polyacrylonitrile, polyamide (for example, nylon fibers such as nylon-6 and nylon-66), Examples thereof include synthetic fibers such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyurethane (for example, spandex), and polyolefin (for example, polypropylene). Of these, polyester, polyamide, and polyurethane are preferable. These hydrophobic materials are used alone or in combination of two or more.

The combination of the hydrophilic material and the hydrophobic material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cupra / polyester and cupra / polyester / polyurethane.

As the material constituting the knitted fabric, thermoplastic elastomer fibers can also be used. Conventionally known fibers are used as the thermoplastic elastomer fibers, and examples thereof include fibers made of styrene elastomers, olefin elastomers, urethane elastomers, vinyl chloride elastomers, polyester elastomers, polyamide elastomers, and the like. Especially, the fiber which consists of a urethane type elastomer and a polyamide-type elastomer is preferable.

Examples of commercially available urethane elastomers include Pandex and Desmopan manufactured by DIC Bayer Polymer, and Nisshinbo Mobilon manufactured by Nisshinbo. Examples of commercially available products of the polyamide-based elastomer include Pebax manufactured by Atofina Japan, Grilon ELX, Grillamide ELY manufactured by Ems Showa Denko, Diamide manufactured by Daicel Dexa, and Vestamide. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Moreover, when the said knitted fabric is laminated | stacked on both surfaces of the said nanofiber nonwoven fabric, it is preferable that the moisture content of a surface material is 1.4% or more, and the moisture content of a lining is less than 1.4%. By setting the moisture content of the outer material and the lining material, moisture such as sweat that has contacted the lining material with low hydrophilicity can be more easily transferred to the outer material with high hydrophilicity via the nanofiber nonwoven fabric. Can be released. The moisture content of the outer material is more preferably 1.4 to 15%, further preferably 1.45 to 11%, and particularly preferably 1.45 to 7%. The moisture content of the lining is more preferably from 0.1 to 1.2%, still more preferably from 0.2 to 1.0%.
The moisture content is a value measured in a standard state (temperature 20 ± 2 ° C., relative humidity (65 ± 4)% (JIS L0105)) in accordance with JIS L1018.

As a method of bringing the moisture content of the surface material within the above range, for example, a material having an official moisture content of 8% or more, preferably 8 to 20%, more preferably 8 to 15%, 20% by weight or more based on the total weight of the surface material , Preferably 20 to 100% by weight, more preferably 20 to 80% by weight, particularly preferably 21.5 to 75% by weight.
Examples of materials having an official moisture content of 8% or more include plants such as cotton (official moisture content: 8.5%), hemp (official moisture content: 12.0%), silk (official moisture content: 12.0%), etc. Animal fibers such as wool (official moisture content: 15.0%), cupra (official moisture content: 11.0%), rayon (official moisture content: 11.0%), polynosic (official moisture content: 11.0%), and recycled fibers such as lyocell.

As a method of setting the moisture content of the lining within the above range, for example, a material having an official moisture content of less than 8%, preferably 0 to 8%, more preferably 0 to 3% is 80% by weight or more based on the total weight of the lining. , Preferably 80 to 100 wt%, more preferably 85 to 100 wt%.
Examples of materials having an official moisture content of less than 8% include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester (official moisture content: 0.4%); polyacrylonitrile; polyamides such as nylon fibers such as nylon-6 and nylon-66; Polyvinyl chloride (official moisture content: 0.0%); polyvinylidene chloride (official moisture content: 0.0%); for example, polyurethane such as spandex (official moisture content: 1.0%); polyolefin such as polypropylene; acrylic (Official moisture content: 2%), triacetate (official moisture content: 3.5%), vinylon (official moisture content: 5.0%), benzoate (official moisture content: 0.4%), etc. Synthetic fibers, recycled fibers such as acetate (official moisture content: 6.5), styrene elastomers, olefin elastomers, urethane elastomers -Thermoplastic elastomer fibers such as vinyl chloride elastomers, polyester elastomers, polyamide elastomers, fluorine fibers (official moisture content: 0%); Polyclar (registered trademark) (official moisture content: 3.0%); Promix (Registered trademark) (official moisture content: 5.0%) and the like.

From the viewpoint of maintaining the strength of the composite fabric, the total fineness of the fibers of the knitted fabric is usually 50 dtex or more, preferably 60 to 300 dtex, and more preferably 70 to 200 dtex.

The type of knitted fabric structure (type of knitting method), fiber length (filament (long fiber), staple (short fiber)), etc. are not particularly limited, but the lining should have a structure with a small contact area with the skin, etc. Therefore, it is preferable to consider the feeling of touch, texture, and the like.
Examples of the knitted fabric structure include a flat knitting structure including a flat knitting and a circular knitting, a rubber knitting structure, and a double-sided knitting structure. For example, using a circular knitting machine suitable for the structure to be knitted, the yarn length and loop length, yarn feeding tension, fabric tension, etc. can be set and knitted within the range of 16 to 40 G gauge. Also, warp knitting may be used.

In the composite fabric of the present invention, the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and the knitted fabric may be laminated via an adhesive.
The adhesive is not particularly limited, and conventionally known adhesives are used. However, if the heat insulating layer of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and the knitted fabric is blocked, the heat retaining property, moisture permeability, etc. may be impaired. Hot-press using a heat-bonded film in the form of a fiber or a nonwoven fabric, a method of spraying a highly moisture-permeable adhesive, etc., applying several adhesives between the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and the knitted fabric, and point bonding (dot bonding) ) Is preferred.

Examples of the mesh-like or non-woven-like heat-sealing film include polyamide-based, polyester-based, butadiene rubber-based, and polyurethane-based films. Of these, polyurethane films are preferred from the viewpoints of adhesion, stretchability, and the like. As a commercial item of a polyurethane-type film, FUSEC C6J5 by Tokai Thermo Corporation is mentioned, for example. As a commercial item of a polyamide-type nonwoven fabric, FUSEC 1G8 D8 by Tokai Thermo Co., for example is mentioned. When such a heat-sealing film is used, an adhesive layer is formed between the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and the knitted fabric. The thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 μm or less and more preferably 30 to 150 μm from the viewpoint of not damaging the flexibility and stretchability of the composite fabric.
Moreover, as said highly moisture-permeable adhesive agent, the polyurethane etc. which introduce | transduced the hydrophilic group are mentioned, for example.

The amount of the adhesive is not particularly limited, in order not to impair the texture of the composite fabric, preferably a basis weight 5 to 100 g / ^{m 2,} more preferably basis weight 6~30g / ^{m 2.} Further, the same adhesive may be used for bonding the outer material and the lining material, but when the outer material and the lining material are different types of knitted fabrics, different adhesives may be used depending on the type of the knitted fabric. .

The total basis weight of the composite fabric of the present invention, it is enough nanofiber nonwoven fabric and knitted fabric having a basis weight as described above, is preferably 55~210g / ^{m 2,} in 60~200g / ^{m 2} More preferably. Further, the total thickness of the composite fabric of the present invention is not limited as long as the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and the knitted fabric have the above-described fabric thickness, but is preferably 0.20 to 0.90 mm, 0.25 More preferably, it is -0.85 mm.
The total fabric weight and the total thickness of the composite fabric mean the fabric weight and the fabric thickness of the entire composite fabric.

The composite fabric of the present invention has an air permeability of 5 cc / cm ² / sec or less by JIS L-1096 A method (Fragile method), a heat transfer resistance (claw value) by KES method of 0.05 CLO or more, JIS L-1099 A −1 method (sodium chloride method) moisture permeability is 300 g / m ² / h or more. By setting these physical properties within the above range, it is possible to obtain a composite fabric in which moderate moisture permeability is ensured while air permeability is suppressed and heat retention is excellent.

If the air permeability according to JIS L-1096 A method (Fragile method) exceeds 5 cc / cm ² / sec, the air permeability becomes too high and the temperature in the clothes is lowered. The air permeability is preferably 3 cc / ccm ² / second or less, and more preferably ² cc / cm ² / second or less.
The lower limit of the air permeability according to JIS L-1096 A method (Fragile method) of the composite fabric of the present invention is not particularly limited, but the preferable lower limit is 0.10 cc / cm ² / sec.

By setting the heat transfer resistance (claw value) by the KES method within the above range, an excellent heat retaining effect can be exhibited even under conditions of low outside air temperature such as in winter. The claw value can be measured using, for example, KES-F7-II Thermolab (manufactured by Kato Tech).
If the claw value is less than 0.05 CLO, the heat retention will be too low, and heat energy in the clothes will move a lot outside the clothes, and the outside air (cold air) will easily enter the clothes, making it feel cold End up. The claw value is preferably 0.064 to 0.15 CLO, and more preferably 0.07 to 0.15 CLO.

If the moisture permeability according to the JIS L-1099 A-1 method (sodium chloride method) is less than 300 g / m ² / h, the moisture permeability becomes too low and a feeling of stuffiness is generated in the clothes. The moisture permeability is preferably 340 g / m ² / h or more.
Although the upper limit of moisture permeability by the JIS L-1099 A-1 method (sodium chloride method) of the composite fabric of this invention is not specifically limited, A preferable upper limit is 800 g / m < ² > / h.

The composite fabric of the present invention preferably has a skin-side moisture content of 10.0% or less and a moisture diffusion area of 5.0 cm ² or more according to a G-type water absorption quick-drying test. If the moisture content exceeds 10.0% or the moisture diffusion area is less than 5.0 cm ² , sweat cannot be quickly released out of the clothes, and a feeling of stuffiness may occur in the clothes. The moisture content is more preferably 9.5 to 3%, still more preferably 9 to 5%. More preferably water diffusion area is 7~25cm ^2, and further preferably from 8~20cm ^2.

In addition, a G type water absorption quick-drying test can be implemented with the following method.
Drop 0.2 mL of water droplets on the acrylic plate and cover the composite fabric with the composite fabric so that the knitted fabric (lining) of the composite fabric contacts the droplets. Next, a 5 g weight is placed on the composite fabric and left for 1 minute, and then the moisture content of the knitted fabric (lining) of the composite fabric is measured using a moisture checker 707S (manufactured by Scalar). The measurement is performed 4 times, and the average value is defined as the moisture content on the skin side. Moreover, the area of the spot of the droplet which fell out to the knitted fabric (lining) of a composite fabric is measured. The measurement is performed three times, and the average value is defined as the moisture diffusion area on the skin side.

Examples of the method for producing the composite fabric of the present invention include a method in which a nanofiber nonwoven fabric is produced and then a knitted fabric is laminated on at least one surface of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric using the above-described adhesive.
As a method for producing a nanofiber nonwoven fabric, a method of forming a nanofiber nonwoven fabric by electrospinning deposition (ESD) using a solution in which a material constituting the fiber of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric is dissolved in a solvent is preferable. . Examples of the solvent include N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran, dimethylacetamide, hexafluoroisopropanol, methyl ethyl ketone, and the like. These may be used alone or in admixture of two or more.

Examples of the conditions in the electrospinning method include a voltage of −70 to 70 kV, a nozzle diameter of 14 to 32 G, and a distance of 5 to 30 cm from the nozzle tip to the collector. Moreover, although the density | concentration in the solution of the raw material which comprises the fiber of a nanofiber nonwoven fabric changes with materials of the fiber used, for example, in the case of polyurethane, 3 to 40 weight% is preferable and 5 to 30 weight% is more preferable. When other materials are used, conventionally known solvents suitable for various materials can be used, and the concentration can be set with reference to the above concentration.

The composite fabric of the present invention is lightweight and has an appropriate moisture permeability while suppressing air permeability and excellent heat retention. More specifically, the composite fabric of the present invention can keep the moisture in the clothes moderate while suppressing direct contact with the outside air on the skin, and it is too heavy and does not cause discomfort when worn. It also has wear resistance, feel to the touch, and the like.
The composite fabric of the present invention is suitably used for clothing, in particular innerwear (preferably underwear for cold protection, underwear for heat retention, etc.), sportswear and the like. Examples of the inner wear include shirts, briefs, stomach wraps, stetecos, patches, shorts, girdles, petticoats, leggings, socks, tights, and the like. Examples of sportswear include wear worn when performing competitions such as motorcycles, bicycle road races, fishing, yacht sailing, and golf.

A garment manufactured using the composite fabric of the present invention is also one aspect of the present invention. The clothes of the present invention can keep the environment in clothes comfortable even when the outside air temperature is low. As a method for producing clothing using the composite fabric of the present invention, a conventionally known method is used, and a cutting method, a sewing method and the like are not particularly limited.
Although the total weight of the clothing of this invention is not specifically limited, For example, when the clothing of this invention is underwear, it is preferable that it is 50-250g. By setting it as such weight, it can be set as the underwear which is too heavy and does not give discomfort at the time of wear. The total weight is more preferably 50 to 230 g.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a composite fabric that is lightweight and has an appropriate moisture permeability while suppressing air permeability and excellent heat retention. Moreover, according to this invention, the clothing manufactured using this composite fabric can be provided.

(Example 1)
(1) Manufacture of nanofiber nonwoven fabric One-component polyether polyurethane resin solution (moisture permeable polyurethane, Heimlen Y-210B, non-volatile content 30%, manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is a mixed solvent of DMF and MEK (65: 35 (weight ratio)) is diluted so that the non-volatile content becomes 15% by weight, and this is filled into a solution filling part of an electrospinning apparatus (ES-2300, manufactured by Huence), and a voltage of 40 kV is applied. Electrospinning was performed to produce a nanofiber nonwoven fabric. The diameter of the metal nozzle used at this time was 23 G (inner diameter: 0.33 mm), and the distance to the collector was 15 cm. The obtained nanofiber nonwoven fabric (shown as NF22 in Table 1) had a fabric thickness of 0.1 mm, a basis weight of 22 g / m ² and a diameter (average diameter) of 782 nm in the cross section perpendicular to the fiber axis.
In addition, the cloth thickness of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric was measured at three locations using a dial thickness gauge (manufactured by Ozaki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), and the average value was obtained. The basis weight was determined by measuring the weight of a 150 × 150 mm test piece to determine the basis weight (g / m ² ). Fiber diameter was measured with a scanning electron microscope (Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), magnification: 10000 to 50000 times), and the diameter (thickness) of the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the fiber axis of a randomly selected fiber was measured at 30 points. The average value was obtained.

(2) Production of composite fabric Knitted fabric A (Tempo knitted fabric, material: polyester, basis weight: 39 g / m ² , fabric thickness: 0.18 mm, fineness: 30 dtex, number of wales: 6.4 / inch, number of courses: 10 .2 / inch) was used as the backing. The knitted fabric A was dot-processed with a copolymer polyamide / acrylic adhesive at 9 points / 1 inch and 6 g / m ² . A nanofiber nonwoven fabric is arranged on the processed surface, and using a hot press machine (TABLE TYPE TEST PRESS SA-302, manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.) at 100 to 135 ° C., a press pressure of 1 to 3 MPa, and a line speed of 6 m / min. A composite fabric was obtained by heat fusion.
The fabric thickness of the knitted fabric was measured at three locations using a dial thickness gauge (manufactured by Ozaki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), and the average value was obtained. The basis weight was determined by measuring the weight of a 150 × 150 mm test piece to determine the basis weight (g / m ² ).

(3) Measurement of air permeability The air permeability of the composite fabric was measured according to JIS L-1096 A method (Fragile method).

(4) Measurement of claw value Using KES-F7-II Thermolab (manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.), the heat transfer resistance (claw value) of the composite fabric was measured according to the KES method. The measurement was repeated three times, and the average value was taken as the claw value.

(5) Measurement of moisture permeability The moisture permeability of the composite fabric was measured according to JIS L-1099 A-1 method (sodium chloride method).

(Example 2)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a nanofiber nonwoven fabric was obtained.
Knitted fabric B (Tempo knitted fabric, material: polyester, basis weight: 85 g / m ² , fabric thickness: 0.31 mm, fineness: 58 dtex, number of wales: 4.1 / inch, number of courses: 11.9 / inch) Used as. The knitted fabric B was dot-processed with a copolymerized polyamide adhesive at 22 points / inch and 6 g / m ² . A nanofiber nonwoven fabric was disposed on the processed surface, and hot pressing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a composite fabric.
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

(Example 3)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a nanofiber nonwoven fabric was obtained.
Knitted fabric A was used as the lining, and knitted fabric B was used as the outer fabric. The knitted fabric A was subjected to dot processing in the same manner as in Example 1, and the knitted fabric B was subjected to dot processing in the same manner as in Example 2. A nanofiber nonwoven fabric was arranged on the dot-processed surfaces of the knitted fabric A and the knitted fabric B, and heat-pressed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a composite fabric.
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

Example 4
In the same manner as in Example 1, a nanofiber nonwoven fabric was obtained.
Two pieces of knitted fabric A were prepared and used as the lining and the outer material. Dot processing was performed on two knitted fabrics A in the same manner as in Example 1. A nanofiber nonwoven fabric was arranged on each dot-processed surface, and hot pressing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a composite fabric.
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

(Example 5)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a nanofiber nonwoven fabric was obtained.
Knitted fabric C (Tempo knitted fabric, material: nylon-6, basis weight: 73 g / m ² , fabric thickness: 0.28 mm, fineness: 56 dtex, number of wales: 4.6 / inch, number of courses: 11.7 / inch) Was used as the lining, and the knitted fabric A was used as the outer material. The knitted fabric C was dot-processed with a copolymerized polyamide adhesive at 22 points / inch and 6 g / m ^2, and the knitted fabric A was dot-processed in the same manner as in Example 1. A nanofiber nonwoven fabric was arranged on the knitted fabric C and the dot processed surface of the knitted fabric A, and was subjected to hot pressing in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a composite fabric.
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

(Example 6)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a nanofiber nonwoven fabric was obtained.
Knitted fabric C was used as the lining, and knitted fabric B was used as the outer fabric. The knitted fabric C was subjected to dot processing in the same manner as in Example 5, and the knitted fabric B was subjected to dot processing in the same manner as in Example 2. A nanofiber nonwoven fabric was arranged on the dot-processed surfaces of the knitted fabric C and the knitted fabric B, and heat-pressed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a composite fabric.
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

( Reference Example 7 )
A nanofiber nonwoven fabric (shown as NF7 in Table 1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the fabric thickness was 0.05 mm and the basis weight was 7 g / m ² . A composite fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that this nanofiber nonwoven fabric was used.
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

(Comparative Example 1)
The nanofiber nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 1 was used as it was.

(Comparative Example 2)
Knitted fabric B (Tempo fabric, material: polyester, basis weight: 85 g / m ² , fabric thickness: 0.31 mm, fineness: 58 dtex, number of wales: 4.1 / inch, number of courses: 11.9 / inch) Using.

(Comparative Example 3)
(1) Manufacture of urethane film One-component polyether-based polyurethane resin solution (moisture permeable polyurethane, Heimlen Y-210B, non-volatile content 30%, manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is a mixed solvent of DMF and MEK (65:35 (Weight ratio)), and this was cast into a film with a bar coater. It dried on 80 degreeC and the conditions for 20 minutes, and produced the urethane film so that it might become material | dough thickness 0.15mm and a fabric weight 30g / m < ² >.

(2) Manufacture of composite fabric Two sheets of knitted fabric A were prepared and used as the lining and the outer material. Dot processing was performed on two knitted fabrics A in the same manner as in Example 1. A urethane film was disposed on each dot processed surface, and hot pressing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a composite fabric.

Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

(Comparative Example 4)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a nanofiber nonwoven fabric was obtained.
Knitted fabric D (Tempo knitted fabric, material: nylon-6, basis weight: 100 g / m ² , fabric thickness: 0.39 mm, fineness: 80 dtex, number of wales: 4.5 / inch, number of courses: 11.5 / inch) Is used as the lining, and knitted fabric E (Tempo knitted fabric, material: polyester, basis weight: 105 g / m ² , fabric thickness: 0.41 mm, fineness: 77 dtex, number of wales: 4.3 / inch, number of courses: 11.7 / Inch) was used as the outer material. The knitted fabric D and the knitted fabric E were dot-processed with a copolymerized polyamide adhesive at 22 points / inch and 6 g / m ² . A nanofiber nonwoven fabric was arranged on the dot-processed surfaces of the knitted fabric D and the knitted fabric E, and heat-pressed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a composite fabric.
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

(Comparative Example 5)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a nanofiber nonwoven fabric was obtained.
Lining knitted fabric F (Tenji knitted fabric, material: polyester, basis weight: 34 g / m ² , fabric thickness: 0.09 mm, fineness: 30 dtex, number of wales: 5.4 / inch, number of courses: 10.2 / inch) Used as. The knitted fabric F was dot-processed with a copolymer polyamide / acrylic adhesive at 9 points / 1 inch and 6 g / m ² . A nanofiber nonwoven fabric was disposed on the processed surface, and hot pressing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a composite fabric.
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

(Comparative Example 6)
Fabric thickness 0.01 mm, except that the basis weight 2 g / ^{m 2} in the same manner as in Example 1, nanofiber nonwoven fabric was obtained (shown in Table 1 as NF2). A composite fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that this nanofiber nonwoven fabric was used.
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

(Comparative Example 7)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a nanofiber nonwoven fabric was obtained.
Knitted fabric G (Tempo knitted fabric, material: polyester, basis weight: 105 g / m ² , fabric thickness: 0.30 mm, fineness: 56 dtex, number of wales: 5.3 / inch, number of courses: 11.5 / inch) 2 A sheet was prepared and used as a lining and a dressing. Two knitted fabrics G were dot-processed with a copolymerized polyamide adhesive at 22 points / inch and 6 g / m ² . A nanofiber nonwoven fabric was disposed on the processed surface, and hot pressing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a composite fabric.
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, the air permeability, claw value and moisture permeability were measured.

(Evaluation)
The following evaluation was performed about the composite fabric obtained by the Example and the comparative example.

(1) Total weight and total thickness The total weight and total thickness of the composite fabric were measured. The total thickness was measured at three locations using a dial thickness gauge (manufactured by Ozaki Mfg. Co., Ltd.), and the average value was taken. The total basis weight was determined by measuring the weight of a 150 × 150 mm test piece to determine the basis weight (g / m ² ).

(2) Total weight The underwear was sewed using the composite fabric, and the weight was measured.

(3) Wear test The underwear was sewed using the composite fabrics obtained in the examples and comparative examples, and the heat retention, weight feeling and stuffiness were evaluated (subjects: ages 20-30s, 3 men, women) 3 people).
(Heat retention)
In a room with an air temperature of 25 ° C., 10 ° C. cold air was flowed from a hose with a diameter of 20 cm from a position 20 cm away, and how it was felt was evaluated according to the following index.
○: warm △: slightly cold ×: cold

(Feeling of weight)
The feeling of weight when worn or handled by hand was evaluated by the following index.
○: Light △: Normal ×: Heavy

(Feeling of stuffiness)
The feeling of stuffiness in clothes after performing 30 steps of step-up and down movements per minute was evaluated according to the following index.
○: No stuffiness △: Some stuffiness x: stuffiness

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a composite fabric that is lightweight and has an appropriate moisture permeability while suppressing air permeability and excellent heat retention. Moreover, according to this invention, the clothing manufactured using this composite fabric can be provided.

Claims (4)

A composite fabric having a nanofiber nonwoven fabric composed of fibers having a diameter in the direction perpendicular to the fiber axis of 50 nm or more and less than 2 μm, and a knitted fabric laminated on at least one side of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric,
Basis weight of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric is 10 to 50 g / ^{m 2,}
The basis weight of the knitted fabric is 35 to 95 g / m ² , the fabric thickness is 0.10 to 0.35 mm,
The air permeability according to JIS L-1096 A method (fragile method) of composite fabric is 5 cc / cm ² / sec or less, heat transfer resistance (claw value) by KES method is 0.05 CLO or more, JIS L-1099 A-1 method ( A composite fabric having a moisture permeability of 300 g / m ² / h or more according to a sodium chloride method. The composite fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fibers constituting the nanofiber nonwoven fabric are made of a urethane-based elastomer. The composite fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nanofiber nonwoven fabric is formed by an electrospinning method. Clothing, characterized in that it comprises a composite fabric according to claim 1, wherein.