JP5897625B2 - Plain bearing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cylindrical slide bearing.

  In Patent Document 1 (see paragraphs [0002], [0003], [0013], etc.), a multilayer material composed of an Fe alloy back metal layer and a bearing alloy layer is formed into a cylinder so that the outer diameter side is an Fe alloy back metal layer. A plain bearing formed into a shape is disclosed. The surface of the bearing alloy layer supports the mating shaft, and the strength of the slide bearing is mainly due to the Fe alloy back metal layer. A plain bearing is press-fitted into a bearing holding hole of a bearing housing, fixed, and used. Specifically, the slide bearing has an outer diameter (outer peripheral length) slightly larger than an inner diameter (inner peripheral length) of the bearing holding hole of the bearing housing, and this dimensional difference is called a tightening allowance. When the sliding bearing is press-fitted into the bearing holding hole of the bearing housing due to this tightening allowance, circumferential and radial compressive stress is generated inside the sliding bearing, and the sliding bearing is fixed to the bearing holding hole.

  There are a butt type and a clinch type as a general configuration of both ends in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing. Patent Document 2 (see FIG. 1, FIG. 6, etc.) discloses a butt type. Both end surfaces in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing are flat surfaces, and there is a gap between both end surfaces in the circumferential direction in a free state before press-fitting. When the slide bearing is press-fitted into the bearing holding hole of the bearing housing, both end surfaces in the circumferential direction come into contact with each other.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a clinch type. The cylindrical bearing is provided with clinch composed of convex portions and concave portions at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate-like material in a developed state before being formed into a cylindrical shape. The plate-like material is molded into a cylindrical shape, and at the same time, the convex portion and the concave portion are engaged with each other to manufacture a cylindrical bearing.

  In addition, in a slide bearing that has a cylindrical shape by abutting a pair of half bearings, a protrusion, a hole, or a slit is formed locally at both circumferential ends or one circumferential end of the half bearing. There is a proposal to reduce the strength of the circumferential end (see Patent Documents 4 to 6). These are integrated by fastening the split bearing housing with bolts in a state where a pair of split bearings are assembled in the respective semi-cylindrical bearing holding holes of the split bearing housing. These are generated inside the sliding bearing by locally plastically deforming the circumferential end of the half bearing or by increasing the amount of elastic deformation of the circumferential end during the bolt fastening process. It is intended to reduce the circumferential compressive stress.

JP 2009-228725 A JP 2004-11898 A JP-A-6-264928 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-51923 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-44729 JP 2005-90650 A

  When the butt type of Patent Document 2 and the clinch type of plain bearing of Patent Document 3 are press-fitted into the bearing holding hole of the bearing housing, both ends of the circumferential direction are pressed against each other by receiving a compressive force in the circumferential direction. The circumferential end portion or both circumferential end portions (mainly convex portions in the concave-convex engaging portion in the case of the clinch type) are locally deformed toward the inner diameter side of the bearing, and this deformed portion contacts the shaft, The slide bearing may be damaged (see FIG. 9). Moreover, when the shape of the circumferential direction edge part of the half bearing of patent documents 4-6 is applied to the cylindrical slide bearing like patent documents 1-3, it is to the inner diameter side of the bearing of a circumferential direction edge part conventionally. The amount of deformation is further increased.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the slide bearing which suppressed the deformation | transformation to the bearing internal diameter side of the circumferential direction edge part.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a cylindrical slide bearing,
The slide bearing includes a Fe alloy back metal layer on the cylindrical outer diameter side and a sliding layer on the inner diameter side,
The sliding bearing has a first circumferential end surface and a second circumferential end surface facing each other,
Between the first circumferential end surface and the second circumferential end surface, there is a first circumferential gap S1 in a free state,
The first circumferential end face is formed with a plurality of curing protrusions projecting toward the second circumferential end face,
A plurality of curing recesses are formed on the second circumferential end face corresponding to the plurality of curing projections,
The dimensional relationship between the maximum height LK1 from the first circumferential end surface of the top portion of the curing convex portion and the maximum depth LK2 from the second circumferential end surface of the corresponding bottom portion of the curing concave portion is LK1. > LK2,
The cured convex portion has a width HK1 in the axial direction of the sliding bearing at the first circumferential end surface;
The curing recess has a width HK2 in the axial direction at the second circumferential end surface,
The dimensional relationship between the width HK1 of the cured convex portion and the width HK2 of the corresponding cured concave portion is HK1 <HK2.
Here, the maximum height LK1 of the hardened convex portion is a circumferential length along the outer peripheral surface of the slide bearing up to the top of the hardened convex portion with reference to the flat surface of the first circumferential end surface, The maximum depth LK2 is the length in the circumferential direction along the outer peripheral surface (virtual surface) of the plain bearing up to the bottom (deepest portion) of the hardened recess with reference to the flat surface of the second circumferential end surface.
In addition, the hardness of the Fe alloy back metal layer is maximum at the top of the hardened convex portion and the periphery of the hardened convex portion of the first circumferential end surface, and toward the central portion in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing. A first hardened region KR1 in which the Fe alloy back metal layer hardens so as to gradually decrease,
The hardness of the Fe alloy back metal layer at the hardened recess and its periphery on the second circumferential end surface is maximum at the bottom of the hardened recess and gradually decreases toward the circumferential center of the plain bearing. Thus, the second hardened region KR2 in which the Fe alloy backing metal layer is hardened is formed.
Here, the “first circumferential clearance S1” is the circumferential length between the flat surface of the first circumferential end surface and the flat surface of the second circumferential end surface on the outer peripheral surface side of the slide bearing. That's it.
Here, in the first hardening region KR1, the hardness value measured by the micro Vickers hardness meter of the Fe alloy back metal layer is the maximum at the top of the hardening convex portion, and toward the circumferential central portion side of the slide bearing. This is a region that gradually decreases. The first hardening region KR1 satisfies that the hardness value measured by the micro Vickers hardness meter of the Fe alloy back metal layer on the circumferential center side of the slide bearing is greater than 10%. It is an area.
Here, in the second hardening region KR2, the hardness value measured by the micro Vickers hardness meter of the Fe alloy backing metal layer is the maximum at the bottom of the hardening recess, and gradually toward the circumferential center of the slide bearing. This is a decreasing area. The second hardened region KR2 satisfies that the hardness value is larger by 10% or more than the hardness value measured by the micro Vickers hardness meter of the Fe alloy back metal layer on the circumferential center side of the slide bearing. It is an area.
Here, the maximum height LK1 of the hardened convex portion is a perimeter along the outer peripheral surface of the slide bearing up to the top of the hardened convex portion with reference to the flat surface of the first circumferential end surface.
Here, the maximum depth LK2 of the hardened recess is based on the flat surface of the second circumferential end surface, and the circumferential direction along the outer peripheral surface (virtual surface) of the plain bearing up to the bottom (deepest part) of the hardened recess Is the length of

  In another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the cured convex portions and flat surfaces are formed on the first circumferential end surface, and the cured convex portions and the flat surfaces are alternately arranged in the axial direction of the slide bearing. The both ends in the axial direction are flat surfaces.

  Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the cured recesses and flat surfaces are formed on the second circumferential end surface, and the cured recesses and the flat surfaces are alternately arranged in the axial direction of the slide bearing. The both ends in the axial direction are flat surfaces.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, the flat surface of the first circumferential end surface and the flat surface of the second circumferential end surface extend in a direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the slide bearing. Exist.

  Moreover, in another embodiment of this invention, the width | variety of the axial direction of the said slide bearing is constant over the circumferential direction full length.

  Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the maximum height LK1 of the top of the cured convex portion is in the center of the width HK1, and the height of the cured convex portion is from the top to the height of the cured convex portion. It gradually decreases toward both ends in the width direction.

  Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the maximum depth LK2 of the bottom of the cured recess is in the center of the width HK2, and the depth of the cured recess is from the bottom in the width direction of the cured recess. It gradually decreases toward both ends.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, the maximum height LK1 of the cured convex portion is a length corresponding to 0.3 to 2% of the outer peripheral length of the slide bearing.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, the maximum heights LK1 and the widths HK1 of the plurality of cured convex portions are equal to each other, and the maximum heights LK2 and the width HK2 of the plurality of cured concave portions are equal to each other. Are equal to each other.

  Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the first circumferential end surface and the second circumferential end surface are abutted, and the top portion of the curing convex portion and the bottom portion of the curing concave portion are in contact with each other. In the state, a second circumferential gap S2 is formed between the first circumferential end face and the second circumferential end face.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, the second circumferential gap S2 has a length corresponding to 0.2 to 1% of the outer peripheral length of the sliding bearing.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of cured convex portions are formed only on the first circumferential end surface, and the plurality of cured concave portions are formed only on the second circumferential end surface. Has been.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, the curing convex portion is also formed on the second circumferential end surface, and the curing concave portion is also formed on the first circumferential end surface.

  Moreover, in another embodiment of the present invention, the first cured region KR1 of the first circumferential end surface is centered from the top of the cured convex portion toward the circumferential central portion of the slide bearing. θ1 is in the range of 2 ° to 15 °, more preferably, the center angle θ1 is in the range of 2 ° to 7.5 °.

  Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the second cured region KR2 of the second circumferential end surface has a central angle θ2 from the bottom of the cured recess toward the circumferential center of the slide bearing. Is in the range of 2 ° to 15 °, more preferably the center angle θ2 is in the range of 2 ° to 7.5 °.

  The sliding bearing of the present invention is elastically deformed so that the outer diameter (peripheral length) of the sliding bearing becomes small when it is press-fitted into the bearing holding hole of the bearing housing. Since the slide bearing of the present invention has a plurality of hardened convex portions and hardened concave portions and a hardened region at the circumferential end portion, the non-hardened region occupying most of the cylindrical portion of the slide bearing excluding the peripheral end region. Thus, the amount of elastic deformation becomes relatively small. For this reason, the deformation | transformation in which one or both of the circumferential direction both ends of a slide bearing rises to the internal diameter side of a slide bearing is suppressed. Therefore, it is unlikely that the end portion in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing swells toward the inner diameter side and comes into contact with the shaft and is damaged.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows the plain bearing of Example 1 of this invention at the time of a free state. It is the side view seen from the axial direction of the slide bearing of FIG. It is the figure seen from the direction of arrow A of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the B section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the B section of FIG. In FIG. 5, it is a figure which shows the state which the top part of the hardening convex part and the bottom part of the hardening recessed part contacted. It is a figure which shows the plain bearing of this invention press-fitted in the bearing holding hole of the housing. It is a figure which shows the conventional slide bearing press-fitted in the bearing holding hole of the housing. It is an enlarged view of the C section of FIG. It is a figure which shows the flat plate for manufacturing this invention. It is a figure which shows the method of forming the hardening convex part and hardening concave part of this invention. It is a figure which shows Example 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows Example 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows Example 4 of this invention. It is a figure which shows Example 5 of this invention.

  FIG. 1 shows a plain bearing 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention in a free state. The plain bearing 10 has a cylindrical shape, and includes an Fe alloy backing metal layer 15 on the cylindrical outer diameter side and a sliding layer 16 on the inner diameter side. For the sliding layer 16, a bearing alloy such as an Al alloy or a Cu alloy, or a sliding resin composition can be used. Alternatively, a porous metal layer may be formed on the Fe alloy backing metal layer 15 and the porous metal layer may be coated with a resin composition. As the Fe alloy backing metal layer 15, an Fe alloy that can be formed into a cylindrical shape can be used, and examples include low carbon steel (Fe alloy having a carbon content of 0.05 to 0.25 mass%) and stainless steel. Can be used.

  The sliding bearing has two circumferential end faces 11 and 12, and a first circumferential clearance S1 is formed between the circumferential end faces in a free state (FIGS. 1 to 3). The dimension of the first circumferential clearance S1 differs depending on the specifications of the slide bearing (outer diameter, wall thickness of the bearing (the combined thickness of the Fe alloy layer and the sliding layer)). For example, the outer diameter is 30 mm. Yes, when the bearing wall thickness is 2.0 mm, the first circumferential clearance S1 is about 0.5 to 1.0 mm.

  One circumferential end face (first circumferential end face 11) is formed with a plurality of curing convex portions 13 projecting toward the other circumferential end face (second circumferential end face 12). A plurality of curing recesses 14 that are paired with the curing projections 13 are formed on the circumferential end face 12 of the second circumferential surface.

  About the 1st circumferential direction end surface 11, parts other than the hardening convex part 13 are flat surfaces, and the hardening convex part 13 and the flat surface are alternately arrange | positioned in the axial direction of the slide bearing 10. As shown in FIG. Both end portions in the axial direction of the first circumferential end surface 11 are flat surfaces. The flat surface of the first circumferential end surface 11 extends in a direction (axial direction) orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the slide bearing. Moreover, the several flat surface of the 1st circumferential direction end surface 11 is extended on the virtual same plane.

  About the 2nd circumferential direction end surface 12, parts other than the hardening recessed part 14 are flat surfaces, and the hardening recessed part 14 and a flat surface are alternately arrange | positioned in the axial direction of the slide bearing 10. As shown in FIG. Both end portions in the axial direction of the second circumferential end surface 12 are flat surfaces. The flat surface of the second circumferential end surface 12 extends in a direction (axial direction) orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the slide bearing. Moreover, the several flat surface of the 2nd circumferential direction end surface 12 is extended on the virtual same plane.

  Here, the method of forming the hardening convex part 13 and the hardening recessed part 14 of this invention is demonstrated (FIG. 10, FIG. 11). A multilayer material composed of an Fe alloy backing metal layer and a sliding layer is pressed to form a strip-shaped flat plate 20 having a predetermined size as shown in FIG. At this time, a plurality of semicircular arc-shaped or semi-elliptical arc-shaped convex portions 23 having a predetermined height L0 are formed on the first side surface 21 of the flat plate serving as the first circumferential end surface of the slide bearing. The second side surface 22 that is the second circumferential end surface of the slide bearing is formed on the flat surface 25.

  The flat plate 20 is molded into a cylindrical shape by a molding jig and a press (not shown) so that the first side surface 21 and the second side surface 22 are abutted and the Fe alloy back metal layer is on the outer diameter side. The left view of FIG. 11 shows a state where the flat plate is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the convex portion 23 of the first side surface 21 and the flat surface 25 of the second side surface 22 are in contact with each other. Thereafter, the flat plate having a substantially cylindrical shape is compressed in a direction in which the convex portion 23 and the flat surface 25 are compressed in the circumferential direction in a state where the inner and outer diameters of the cylindrical shape are constrained as shown in the right diagram of FIG. Further press with external force F. The convex part 23 of the 1st side surface 21 carries out plastic deformation, and length L0 reduces. At the same time, the flat surface 25 of the second side surface 22 is also plastically deformed to form the recess 24.

  The convex part after molding is a “cured convex part”, and the concave part is a “cured concave part”. The cured convex portion and the cured concave portion are portions where the amount of plastic deformation is locally larger than other portions (cylindrical portions excluding the circumferential end portion) due to the pressing of the convex portion and the flat surface during molding. In the Fe alloy back metal layer in the vicinity of the convex part and the concave part, the residual stress increases with respect to other parts, and the hardness of the Fe alloy back metal layer increases. More specifically, residual stress is generated inside the Fe alloy back metal layer in the vicinity of the hardened convex part and the hardened concave part so that the deformation resistance against the external force compressing the slide bearing in the circumferential direction is maximized.

  A first hardened region KR1 is formed in the Fe alloy back metal layer in the vicinity of the hardened convex portion 13 of the first circumferential end face 11, and the Fe alloy back metal layer in the vicinity of the hardened concave portion 14 of the second circumferential end face 12 is formed. The second cured region KR2 is formed (hatched portion in FIG. 4). The hardness of the Fe alloy back metal layer in the first hardened region KR1 and the second hardened region KR2 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the vicinity of the circumferential end surface of the plain bearing as viewed from the outer diameter side. The hardness of the Fe alloy back metal layer in the vicinity of the top portion of the hardening convex portion 13 and the bottom portion of the hardening concave portion 14 is maximum, and the hardness gradually decreases radially from the top portion and the bottom portion (hatching in FIG. 4). The hardness decreases toward the outer edge of the arc of the part).

  When the circumferential compression external force at the time of molding is removed (in the free state), the first circumferential clearance S1 (the flat surface of one circumferential end surface and the other surface between the circumferential end surfaces of the slide bearing A gap is formed between the top of the circumferential end face and the bottom of the cured recess 14 (see FIG. 4).

  Here, the formation range of the first cured region KR1 and the second cured region KR2 will be described. As described above, a cured region in which the Fe alloy backing metal layer is cured is formed at one circumferential end and the other circumferential end. The first hardened region KR1 is a region in which the hardness value of the Fe alloy backing metal layer measured by the micro Vickers hardness meter is the maximum at the top of the hardened convex portion and gradually decreases toward the circumferential central portion of the slide bearing. . The first hardening region KR1 satisfies that the hardness value measured by the micro Vickers hardness meter of the Fe alloy back metal layer on the circumferential center side of the slide bearing is greater than 10%. It is an area.

  The hardness value of the Fe alloy backing metal layer is a value measured using a micro Vickers hardness tester under a measurement load of 200 g. The measurement is performed with a cross-section obtained by cutting the plain bearing in the circumferential direction at the center position of the top of the hardened convex part and the bottom of the hardened concave part.

  “The hardness value of the central part in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing” is a cylindrical part that is not affected by the local increase in hardness of the Fe alloy backing metal layer due to the formation of the hardened convex part and the hardened concave part (non-hardened region). This means the hardness value of the Fe alloy back metal layer. For example, a portion having a central angle of 30 ° from the first circumferential end surface of the sliding bearing toward the circumferential central portion side of the sliding bearing, and a central angle 30 from the second circumferential end surface toward the circumferential central portion side. What is necessary is just to let the hardness of the Fe alloy back metal layer of the cylindrical part except the part of (degree) be the average value of the value measured for every central angle 10 degrees.

  In order to confirm the formation range of the first hardened region KR1, the hardness of the Fe alloy back metal layer of the first hardened region KR1 is measured in the same manner as the measurement of the “value of the hardness at the center portion in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing”. Measure the thickness. When the hardness of the Fe alloy backing metal layer is measured at every predetermined central angle (for example, 0.5 °) from the top side of the hardened convex portion toward the circumferential central portion of the slide bearing, the hardness value gradually increases. It becomes small and it can confirm that it becomes "the hardness value of the circumferential direction center part side of a slide bearing". The formation range θ1 of the first hardened region KR1 of the present invention is based on the top position of the hardened convex portion, and toward the circumferential central portion side of the slide bearing. It is represented by the center angle to the position where the 10% hardness is a high value with respect to the “value”. The range θ1 of the first curing region KR1 may be a center angle of 2 ° to 15 °, and more preferably 2 ° to 7.5 °.

  The formation range of the second cured region KR2 can be confirmed in the same manner as the confirmation method of the formation range of the first cured region KR1. The formation range θ2 of the second hardened region KR2 is 10% hardness with respect to the “value of the hardness of the central portion in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing” toward the slide bearing central portion side with the bottom of the hardened recess as a reference. Is represented by the center angle to the position where the value becomes high. The range of the second hardening region KR2 may be that the central angle θ2 is 2 ° to 15 °, more preferably 2 ° to 7 °, from the bottom of the hardening concave portion toward the center in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing. .5 °.

  When the sizes (length, width) of the plurality of cured convex portions and the cured concave portions are the same as in the first embodiment, the first cured regions KR1 and the second second adjacent to the respective cured convex portions and the respective cured concave portions. The formation range of the hardened region KR2 has substantially the same center angle value. Unlike the embodiment, when the size of some of the plurality of cured convex portions or the size of some of the plurality of cured concave portions is different, each cured convex portion or each cured portion The formation range of the cured region adjacent to the recess may be different. In that case, the formation range θ1 of a part of the first cured region KR1 and the formation range θ2 of a part of the second cured region KR2 only need to satisfy the above range of the central angle.

  Curing convex part 13 has width HK1 in the direction of an axis, and has a top part which has maximum height LK1 in the central part of the width (refer to Drawing 5). The height of the curing convex portion 13 gradually decreases from the top toward both ends of the curing convex portion 13 in the width direction. Here, the maximum height LK1 of the hardened convex portion 13 is the length in the circumferential direction to the top of the hardened convex portion 13 along the outer peripheral surface of the slide bearing with reference to the flat surface of the first circumferential end surface 11. It is. Here, the width HK1 is the length of the hardening convex portion 13 in the axial direction of the slide bearing on the first circumferential end face 11.

  The curing recess 14 has a width HK2 in the axial direction and a bottom having a maximum depth LK2 at the center of the width (see FIG. 5). The depth of the cured recess 14 gradually decreases from the bottom toward both ends of the cured recess 14 in the width direction. Here, the maximum depth LK2 of the cured recess 14 is based on the flat surface of the second circumferential end surface 12 and is in the circumferential direction to the bottom of the cured recess 14 along the outer peripheral surface (virtual surface) of the slide bearing. Length. Here, the width HK2 is the length of the hardening recess 14 in the axial direction of the slide bearing on the second circumferential end face 12.

  In addition, in the figure shown in Example 1, although the outline of a hardening convex part and a hardening recessed part is illustrated in the substantially circular arc shape, it should just be formed in the curve.

  The dimensional relationship between the maximum height LK1 of the curing convex portion 13 and the maximum depth LK2 of the corresponding curing concave portion 14 is LK1> LK2. Further, the dimensional relationship between the width HK1 of the cured convex portion 13 and the width HK2 of the corresponding cured concave portion 14 is HK1 <HK2.

  In Example 1, the maximum heights LK1 and the widths HK1 of the plurality of curing convex portions 13 are equal to each other. Further, the maximum heights LK2 and the widths HK2 of the plurality of cured recesses 14 are equal to each other. However, the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment, and the plurality of cured convex portions and the cured concave portions can be set to different dimensions as long as the configuration of the present invention is established. Moreover, it is also possible to make the number of hardening convex parts and the number of hardening recessed parts into three or more, respectively.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the first circumferential end surface 11 and the second circumferential end surface 12 are abutted, and the top of the cured convex portion 13 and the bottom of the cured concave portion 14 are in contact with each other. A second circumferential clearance S <b> 2 is formed between the first circumferential end surface 11 and the second circumferential end surface 12.

  Moreover, when the top part of the hardening convex part 13 and the bottom part of the hardening recessed part 14 contact, the clearance gap S3 comes to be formed in the both sides (axial direction of a slide bearing) of the contact part of a top part and a bottom part.

  As an example, the dimensions of Example 1 are shown. For example, the outer diameter of the slide bearing is 30 mm, the thickness of the slide bearing wall is 2.0 mm, the thickness of the Fe alloy back metal layer is 1.7 mm, and the width of the slide bearing in the axial direction is 20 mm. In this case, the maximum height LK1 of the cured convex portion is 1.5 mm, the width HK1 is 3 mm, the maximum depth LK2 of the cured concave portion is 1 mm, and the width HK2 is about 4 mm. When the top portion of the curing convex portion and the bottom portion of the curing concave portion are in contact with each other, the second circumferential gap S2 between the flat surface between the first circumferential end surfaces and the flat surface of the other circumferential end surface is 0.5 mm. is there.

  As the Fe alloy backing metal layer, a general low carbon steel plate having a carbon content of 0.2% by mass was used. The hardness value of the non-cured region measured with a micro Vickers hardness meter was 160 mHv, and the hardness value of the apex portion of the cured convex portion was 240 mHv. The range θ1 of the first cured region KR1 was 7 °. The hardness value of the bottom of the cured recess was 239 mHv, and the range θ2 of the second cured region KR2 was 7 °.

  The invention is not limited to the dimensions of the examples. Depending on the specifications of the slide bearing (mainly outer diameter, width, wall thickness, etc.), it is also possible to change the dimensions and number of the cured convex portions and the cured concave portions. As an example, it is preferable that the maximum height LK1 of the cured convex portion is a length corresponding to 0.3 to 2% of the outer peripheral length of the slide bearing. Further, it is preferable that the maximum depth LK2 of the cured concave portion is at least 0.3 mm or less than the maximum height LK1 of the cured convex portion.

  Further, the second circumferential gap S2 between the flat surface between the first circumferential end surfaces and the flat surface of the other circumferential end surface when the top of the cured convex portion and the bottom of the cured concave portion are in contact with each other is a slip. It is preferable to set the length corresponding to 0.2 to 1% of the outer peripheral length of the bearing.

  The width HK1 of the curing convex portion may be about 1 to 4 mm. The width HK2 of the cured recess may be about 1.5 to 5 mm. It is preferable that the top part of the hardening convex part is formed 5 to 10 mm away from the top part of the other hardening convex part in the axial direction of the slide bearing. In other words, the center position in the axial direction of the width HK1 of the cured convex portion is preferably formed 5 to 10 mm away from the central position in the axial direction of the width HK1 of the other cured convex portion in the axial direction of the slide bearing. . The positional relationship between the bottoms of the curing recesses (the center position in the axial direction of the width HK2 of the curing recesses) is the same. Moreover, it is preferable to form a hardening convex part so that the top part (the axial direction center position of the width | variety HK1 of a hardening convex part) may be a position 3 mm or more away from the edge part of the axial direction of a slide bearing. The positional relationship between the bottom of the hardened recess and the axial end of the slide bearing is the same. However, when the present invention is applied to a slide bearing having a small axial width dimension, the present invention is not limited to this dimension.

  Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. For comparison, first, a conventional plain bearing will be described. When the conventional slide bearing is press-fitted into the bearing holding hole of the bearing housing 30, the slide bearing is elastically deformed by receiving an external force in a direction in which the circumferential length decreases (see FIG. 8). When the deformation resistance of the Fe alloy back metal layer of the slide bearing is the same over the entire length in the circumferential direction, the elastic bearing is uniformly elastically deformed at any part in the circumferential direction. In FIG. 8, the length of the double arrow represents the amount of elastic deformation. In the portion where the circumferential end faces are pressed against each other, slips and stress concentration portions are easily formed between the circumferential end faces, and one or both circumferential end faces may be deformed toward the bearing inner diameter side (see FIG. 9).

Regarding the present invention,
I (1): Since the hardened region including the hardened convex portion and the hardened concave portion is formed in advance by the compressive external force in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing, the periphery of the slide bearing is placed inside the Fe alloy backing metal layer in the hardened region. Residual stress is generated that exhibits the maximum deformation resistance against the external compressive force.
I (2): Furthermore, the hardening region is locally formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing. The deformation resistance of the hardened region of the Fe alloy backing metal layer at both ends in the circumferential direction of the bearing is relatively large relative to the deformation resistance of the non-hardened region.

  Due to I (1) and I (2), when the slide bearing is press-fitted into the bearing holding hole of the bearing housing 30, as shown in FIG. 7, the non-hardened region occupying most of the cylindrical portion of the slide bearing. By increasing the amount of elastic deformation, the amount of elastic deformation of the hardening region θ3 at both ends in the circumferential direction decreases. In FIG. 7, the length of the double arrow represents the amount of elastic deformation.

  II: Next, the operation of the second circumferential gap S2 will be described. At the time of press-fitting, both end surfaces in the circumferential direction of the plain bearing are in contact only at the top of the cured convex portion and the bottom portion of the cured concave portion, and the flat end surfaces of the circumferential end surfaces are not in contact with each other. The faces do not push each other. Alternatively, the flat surfaces may contact each other in the present invention, but even in this case, the pressing by contact is mainly performed at the contact portion between the top of the cured convex portion and the bottom of the cured concave portion. The fitting pressure is small. For this reason, the flat part of the end surface in the circumferential direction is not easily deformed toward the bearing inner diameter side.

  The pressing pressure increases at the contact point between the top of the hardened convex part on both end faces in the circumferential direction and the bottom part of the hardened concave part, but the top part of the hardened convex part and the end part near the bottom of the hardened concave part are also deformed to the bearing inner diameter side It is hard to do. The reason for this is that, as described above, in the hardened region including the hardened convex part and the hardened concave part, the residual stress that shows the maximum deformation resistance against the compressive external force in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing is present inside the Fe alloy backing metal layer. This is because it is difficult for deformation to occur (action of I (1) above). This is also because of the following action III.

  III: The hardened region has the highest hardness (deformation resistance) of the Fe alloy back metal layer at the top of the hardened convex part and the bottom of the hardened concave part, and gradually becomes harder (deformation resistance) toward the circumferential center part of the slide bearing. ) Has been reduced. Specifically, with respect to the hatched portion (cured region) shown in FIG. 4, the deformation resistance decreases radially from the top of the cured convex portion and the bottom of the cured concave portion toward the contour line side of the hatched portion. .

  The pressure at which the contact portion between the top of the hardened convex part and the bottom of the hardened concave part pushes propagates from the contact part to the whole of the Fe alloy backing metal layer in the hardened area located on the center side in the sliding bearing circumferential direction. The entire Fe alloy backing metal layer is relaxed by elastic deformation. Furthermore, since the deformation resistance is reduced radially in the hardened region, the amount of elastic deformation also increases toward the circumferential center of the slide bearing in the hardened region, and the top of the hardened convex portion and the bottom of the hardened concave portion. The amount of elastic deformation near the contact portion is extremely small.

  Unlike the present invention, when the hardness (deformation resistance) of the Fe alloy backing metal layer is constant in the entire hardened region, the vicinity of the contact portion between the top of the hardened convex portion and the bottom of the hardened concave portion is in an extremely high pressure state. Therefore, it is unavoidable that the plastic deformation occurs or the elastic deformation amount increases and rises toward the bearing inner diameter side.

  IV: Furthermore, the size and shape of the cured convex portion and the cured concave portion are not matched. As shown in FIG. 6, gaps S <b> 3 are formed on both sides in the axial direction of the contact portion between the top portion of the cured convex portion and the bottom portion of the cured concave portion (on the left and right sides of the contact portion in FIG. 6). Since the slight elastic deformation in the vicinity of the contact portion between the top of the hardened convex portion and the bottom of the hardened concave portion also occurs toward the gap S3, the elastic deformation toward the bearing inner diameter side is further less likely to occur.

  Unlike the present invention, when the size and shape of the cured convex portion and the cured concave portion are matched, the side surfaces of the cured convex portion and the cured concave portion are constrained to each other, and the deformation of the cured convex portion and the cured concave portion is mainly It only happens to swell to the inner diameter side of the bearing. Further, since the second circumferential gap S2 between the two circumferential end faces is not formed, the flat surfaces come into contact with each other and are pressed against each other.

  FIG. 12 shows a second embodiment. Unlike Example 1, it is also possible to form the flat parts 41 and 42 in the top part of a hardening convex part, and the bottom part of a hardening recessed part.

  FIG. 13 shows a third embodiment. Unlike Example 1, three pairs of cured convex portions and cured concave portions are formed on the circumferential end surface. It is also possible to form four or more pairs of cured convex portions and cured concave portions.

  FIG. 14 shows a fourth embodiment. Unlike Example 1, it is also possible to form a cured convex portion and a cured concave portion on one circumferential end surface and to form a cured concave portion and a cured convex portion corresponding to the other circumferential end surface.

  FIG. 15 shows a fifth embodiment. Unlike Example 1, it is also possible to form the minute recessed part 43 between the axial direction both ends of a hardening convex part, and a flat surface.

  The composition of the Fe alloy back metal layer is not limited to the carbon steel used in the examples. Even when another Fe alloy is used, the effect by the difference in hardness (deformation resistance) of the Fe alloy back metal layer in the hardened region and the non-hardened region can be obtained.

  It is also possible to form chamfers at the corners on the outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface of both ends of the slide bearing in the axial direction (that is, the corners between the axial end surface of the slide bearing and the outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface). It is.

  It is also possible to form a chamfer on the inner diameter side of the slide bearing at the flat surface portions of both ends in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing. Further, it is possible to form a chamfer at the edge on the inner diameter side of the slide bearing of the hardened convex portion or the hardened concave portion of the slide bearing.

  It is also possible to form an oil groove or oil reservoir (recess) on the inner peripheral surface (sliding surface) of the slide bearing, or to form an oil hole penetrating the wall thickness of the slide bearing. Further, with the formation of an oil groove, an oil reservoir (recess), an oil hole, etc., there may be a local hardness increasing portion in the Fe alloy back metal layer of the cylindrical portion of the non-hardened region of the slide bearing.

  A coating layer made of a metal such as Sn or Cu or a resin may be formed on the surface of the Fe alloy layer of the slide bearing for rust prevention.

  In paragraphs 0031 to 0033 and FIGS. 10 and 11, the method for forming the cured convex portion and the cured concave portion has been described, but the method is not limited to this method. For example, a small concave portion may be formed in advance on the left circumferential end face of the flat plate shown in FIG. Of course, this recess needs to be smaller than the size of the resulting cured recess.

  The slide bearing of the present invention can be subjected to cutting or grinding on the surface portion of the sliding layer after being press-fitted into the bearing holding hole of the bearing housing.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Slide bearing 11 1st circumferential direction end surface 12 2nd circumferential direction end surface 13 Hardening convex part 14 Hardening recessed part 15 Fe alloy back metal layer 16 Sliding layer 20 Flat plate 21 1st side surface 22 2nd side surface 23 Convex part 24 Recessed part 25 Flat surface 30 Housing 41 Flat portion 42 Flat portion 43 Minute concave portion KR1 First cured region KR2 Second cured region F External force LK1 Maximum height of cured convex portion LK2 Maximum depth of cured concave portion HK1 Width of cured convex portion HK2 Curing recess width L0 Convex portion length S1 First circumferential gap S2 Second circumferential gap S3 Gap θ1 First curing region KR1 formation range θ2 Second curing region KR2 formation range θ3 Curing region formation range

Claims (14)

Cylindrical plain bearing,
The slide bearing includes a Fe alloy back metal layer on the cylindrical outer diameter side and a sliding layer on the inner diameter side,
The sliding bearing has a first circumferential end surface and a second circumferential end surface facing each other,
Between the first circumferential end surface and the second circumferential end surface, there is a first circumferential gap S1 in a free state,
The first circumferential end face is formed with a plurality of curing protrusions projecting toward the second circumferential end face,
A plurality of curing recesses are formed on the second circumferential end face corresponding to the plurality of curing projections,
The dimensional relationship between the maximum height LK1 of the top portion of the cured convex portion and the maximum depth LK2 of the corresponding bottom portion of the cured concave portion is LK1> LK2.
The cured convex portion has a width HK1 in the axial direction of the sliding bearing at the first circumferential end surface, and the cured concave portion has a width HK2 in the axial direction at the second circumferential end surface. And
The dimensional relationship between the width HK1 of the cured convex portion and the width HK2 of the corresponding cured concave portion is HK1 <HK2.
The hardness of the Fe alloy back metal layer is the maximum at the top of the hardened convex portion and the periphery of the hardened convex portion of the first circumferential end surface toward the central portion in the circumferential direction of the slide bearing. A first hardened region KR1 in which the Fe alloy back metal layer hardens so as to gradually decrease is formed,
The hardness of the Fe alloy back metal layer at the hardened recess and its periphery on the second circumferential end surface is maximum at the bottom of the hardened recess and gradually decreases toward the circumferential center of the plain bearing. A plain bearing in which a second hardened region KR2 in which the Fe alloy backing metal layer is hardened is formed.   A plurality of the cured convex portions and flat surfaces are formed on the first circumferential end surface, and the cured convex portions and the flat surfaces are alternately arranged in the axial direction of the slide bearing, and the axial direction The sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein both end portions of the bearing are flat surfaces.   A plurality of the cured recesses and flat surfaces are formed on the second circumferential end surface, and the cured recesses and flat surfaces are alternately arranged in the axial direction of the slide bearing, and both ends in the axial direction. The sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the portion is a flat surface.   The flat surface of the first circumferential end surface and the flat surface of the second circumferential end surface extend in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the slide bearing. The plain bearing described.   The maximum height LK1 of the top portion of the cured convex portion is at the center of the width HK1, and the height of the cured convex portion gradually decreases from the top portion toward both end portions in the width direction of the cured convex portion. The slide bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The maximum depth LK2 of the bottom of the hardened recess is in the center of the width HK2, and the depth of the hardened recess gradually decreases from the bottom toward both ends of the hardened recess in the width direction. The plain bearing as described in any one of 1-5.   The slide bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the maximum height LK1 of the hardened convex portion is a length corresponding to 0.3 to 2% of an outer peripheral length of the slide bearing.   The maximum heights LK1 and the widths HK1 of the plurality of cured convex portions are equal to each other, and the maximum heights LK2 and the widths HK2 of the plurality of cured concave portions are equal to each other. The plain bearing as described in any one of the above.   In the state where the first circumferential end surface and the second circumferential end surface are abutted and the top portion of the curing convex portion and the bottom portion of the curing concave portion are in contact with each other, the first circumferential end surface The slide bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a second circumferential gap S2 is formed between the second circumferential end face and the second circumferential gap S2.   The sliding bearing according to claim 9, wherein the second circumferential clearance S2 has a length corresponding to 0.2 to 1% of an outer peripheral length of the sliding bearing.   The plurality of curing convex portions are formed only on the first circumferential end surface, and the plurality of curing concave portions are formed only on the second circumferential end surface. The plain bearing as described in any one of Claims.   The said hardening convex part is formed also in the said 2nd circumferential direction end surface, The said hardening recessed part is formed also in the said 1st circumferential direction end surface, It is any one of Claim 1-10 The plain bearing described in 1.   The first cured region KR1 of the first circumferential end surface is formed in a range of a central angle θ1 of 2 ° to 15 ° from the top of the cured convex portion toward the circumferential central portion of the slide bearing. The plain bearing according to claim 1, wherein the plain bearing is provided.   The second cured region KR2 of the second circumferential end surface is formed with a center angle θ2 in the range of 2 ° to 15 ° from the bottom of the cured recess toward the circumferential center of the slide bearing. The slide bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 13,