JP5879764B2 - Method for producing sintered alloy - Google Patents
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、焼結合金の製造方法に係わり、特に平坦面が得られる焼結合金の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing a sintered alloy, and more particularly to a method for producing a sintered alloy that can obtain a flat surface.
従来、この種の製造方法として、鉄系の焼結合金からなる本体部にスチーム処理またはガス軟窒化処理が施された後に、バレル研磨が施され、ロックウェル固さをHRB90以上とするとともに、両端面の表面粗さを1.3z以下とする製造方法(例えば特許文献1)や、密度が6.8〜7.0g/cm3の焼入れ組織の鉄系焼結合金からなるカムを作製し、バレル研磨を施すことによって表面を平坦に加工する方法(例えば特許文献2)などが知られている。 Conventionally, as a manufacturing method of this type, after subjecting a main body portion made of an iron-based sintered alloy to steam treatment or gas soft nitriding treatment, barrel polishing is performed, and Rockwell hardness is set to HRB90 or more, A manufacturing method (for example, Patent Document 1) in which the surface roughness of both end faces is 1.3 z or less, or a cam made of an iron-based sintered alloy having a quenched structure with a density of 6.8 to 7.0 g / cm 3 is prepared. A method of processing a surface flat by performing barrel polishing (for example, Patent Document 2) is known.
上記従来技術の製造方法では、表面硬化処理後にバレル処理を行うことにより表面を平滑に仕上げることができる。 In the above prior art manufacturing method, the surface can be smoothened by performing barrel treatment after the surface hardening treatment.
ところで、仕上げに機械加工を用いると、粗さは良いが生産効率に劣る問題がある。一方、仕上げにバレル処理を用いると、生産効率に優れるが粗さ確保が難しい問題がある。 By the way, when machining is used for finishing, there is a problem that the roughness is good but the production efficiency is poor. On the other hand, when barrel treatment is used for finishing, there is a problem that it is excellent in production efficiency but it is difficult to ensure roughness.
そこで、本発明は、バレル処理により表面粗さを確保することができる焼結合金の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 Then, an object of this invention is to provide the manufacturing method of the sintered alloy which can ensure surface roughness by barrel processing.
請求項1の発明は、原料粉末を加圧して圧粉体を形成し、この圧粉体を焼結してなる焼結合金に表面硬化処理を施す焼結部品の製造方法において、前記表面硬化処理前の第1バレル処理は、円柱の両端を斜めに切断した斜切円柱形状のメディアを用いて焼結合金の表面の凸部を除去すると共に表面の気孔を小さくし、前記表面硬化処理後の第2バレル処理は、略三角形粒状のメディアを用いて荒仕上げした後、前記斜切円柱形状のメディアを用いて精密仕上げを行い、焼結合金の表面を平滑化することを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 1 is a method of manufacturing a sintered part in which a raw material powder is pressed to form a green compact, and a sintered alloy obtained by sintering the green compact is subjected to surface hardening treatment. The first barrel treatment before the treatment is performed by removing the convex portions on the surface of the sintered alloy by using the obliquely cut cylindrical media obtained by obliquely cutting both ends of the cylinder and reducing the surface pores, and after the surface hardening treatment. The second barrel processing is characterized in that after rough finishing is performed using a substantially triangular granular medium, the surface of the sintered alloy is smoothed by performing precision finishing using the obliquely cut cylindrical medium .
また、請求項2の発明は、請求項1記載の焼結合金の製造方法において、前記第1バレル処理と前記第2バレル処理には回転バレル機を用い、第2バレル処理の回転数が第1バレル処理の回転数より5〜15%低いことを特徴とする。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing a sintered alloy according to the first aspect, a rotary barrel machine is used for the first barrel process and the second barrel process, and the second barrel process has a rotational speed of the first barrel process. and wherein 5-15% lower Ikoto than the rotational speed of a barrel process.
本発明の構成によれば、表面硬化処理前の比較的柔らかい状態でバレル処理を行うことにより焼結合金の表面の凸部を除去すると共に表面の気孔を小さくし、前記表面硬化処理後にバレル処理により表面を滑らかに加工して平滑化することができる。 According to the configuration of the present invention , the barrel treatment is performed in a relatively soft state before the surface hardening treatment, thereby removing the convex portions on the surface of the sintered alloy and reducing the pores on the surface, and the barrel treatment after the surface hardening treatment. Thus, the surface can be smoothly processed and smoothed.
本発明の構成によれば、焼入れ処理により焼結合金の硬度を向上することができる。 According to the configuration of the present invention , the hardness of the sintered alloy can be improved by quenching.
本発明の構成によれば、焼結合金において切削などの機械加工することなしに高い平滑面を得ることができる。 According to the configuration of the present invention , a high smooth surface can be obtained without performing machining such as cutting in a sintered alloy.
本発明の構成によれば、焼結合金において切削などの機械加工することなしに更に高い平滑面を得ることができる。 According to the configuration of the present invention, a higher smooth surface can be obtained without performing machining such as cutting in the sintered alloy.
本発明における好適な実施の形態について、添付図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。尚、以下に説明する実施の形態は、特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の内容を限定するものではない。また、以下に説明される構成の全てが、本発明の必須条件であるとは限らない。各実施例では、従来とは異なる焼結合金の製造方法を採用することにより、従来にない焼結合金の製造方法が得られ、その焼結合金の製造方法を記述する。 Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below do not limit the contents of the present invention described in the claims. In addition, all the configurations described below are not necessarily essential conditions of the present invention. In each of the examples, a method for producing a sintered alloy that is not conventional is obtained by adopting a method for producing a sintered alloy different from the conventional one, and the method for producing the sintered alloy is described.
以下、本発明の実施例1を添付図面を用いて詳述する。図1〜図5に示すように、本発明の焼結合金の製造は、成形工程S1において原料粉末を所要形状の金型に充填し、圧粉成形して所要の密度の圧粉体を得る。鉄を主成分とした鉄系の前記原料粉末を用い、この例ではFe−Cu−C−Ni−Mo系のものを用いた。成形工程S1の後の焼結工程S11において、前記圧粉体を還元雰囲気中で、焼結して鉄系の焼結合金1を得る。この焼結合金1は、図2に示すように、略弓形片をなし、図4の「焼結体」に示すように、外周側で湾曲面をなす側面2の表面粗さ(Ra)は1.38である。また、焼結合金1の密度は6.5〜7.5g/cm3、この例では、7.0g/cm3であり、硬度は65HRAである。用いた焼結合金1は、長さ寸法が20mm程度、幅寸法が10mm程度、厚さ寸法が5mm程度である。尚、バレル処理前の焼結合金1の表面の顕微鏡写真を図5(A)に示す。 Hereinafter, Example 1 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, in the production of the sintered alloy of the present invention, the raw material powder is filled in a mold having a required shape in the forming step S1, and compacted to obtain a green compact having a required density. . The iron-based raw material powder containing iron as a main component was used, and in this example, a Fe-Cu-C-Ni-Mo-based powder was used. In the sintering step S11 after the molding step S1, the green compact is sintered in a reducing atmosphere to obtain an iron-based sintered alloy 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the sintered alloy 1 has a substantially arcuate piece. As shown in “sintered body” in FIG. 4, the surface roughness (Ra) of the side surface 2 forming the curved surface on the outer peripheral side is as follows. 1.38. The density of the sintered alloy 1 6.5~7.5g / cm 3, in this example is 7.0 g / cm 3, hardness is 65HRA. The sintered alloy 1 used has a length dimension of about 20 mm, a width dimension of about 10 mm, and a thickness dimension of about 5 mm. In addition, the microscope picture of the surface of the sintered alloy 1 before a barrel process is shown to FIG. 5 (A).
焼結工程後の第1バレル処理S2において、焼入れ前の焼入れ後に比べて柔らかい状態で焼結合金1の表面の凸部を除去すると共に表面の気孔を小さくする。この場合、表面の比較的大きな凹凸がなくなり、また、気孔の周囲の凹凸が除去されて気孔の表面における開口部分が小さくなる。これに用いた装置は、回転バレル機(図示せず)であり、回転バレル機に前記焼結合金1とメディア3と研磨材と防錆材を投入し、回転数30rpmで約0.5時間回転処理を行った。第1バレル処理の前記メディア3は、図3に示すように、円柱の両端を斜めに切断した形状をなす斜切円柱形のものを用い、切断箇所に対応する両側の縁部3Fなどが焼結合金1の表面に当たることにより、表面の凸部を除去すると共に表面の気孔を小さくすることができる。図4の「第1バレル体」に示すように、第1バレル処理S2の後、前記側面2の表面粗さ(Ra)は0.77であり、図5(B)の顕微鏡写真により、表面の凸部を除去して凹凸が削減されると共に表面の気孔を小さくなることが確認された。但し、焼入れ前の柔らかい状態であるため、多少の凹凸は残る。尚、焼結合金1よりメディア3は小さい。 In the first barrel treatment S2 after the sintering step, the convex portions on the surface of the sintered alloy 1 are removed in a softer state than after the quenching before quenching, and the pores on the surface are reduced. In this case, relatively large irregularities on the surface are eliminated, and irregularities around the pores are removed, and the opening portion on the surface of the pores is reduced. The apparatus used for this is a rotary barrel machine (not shown), and the sintered alloy 1, media 3, abrasive and rust preventive material are charged into the rotary barrel machine for about 0.5 hours at a rotational speed of 30 rpm. A rotation process was performed. As the media 3 in the first barrel processing, as shown in FIG. 3, a slant-cut cylindrical shape in which both ends of the cylinder are cut obliquely is used, and the edge portions 3F on both sides corresponding to the cut portions are baked. By hitting the surface of the bonding gold 1, the convex portions on the surface can be removed and the pores on the surface can be reduced. As shown in the “first barrel body” in FIG. 4, after the first barrel treatment S2, the surface roughness (Ra) of the side surface 2 is 0.77, and according to the micrograph in FIG. It was confirmed that by removing the protrusions, the unevenness was reduced and the pores on the surface were reduced. However, some unevenness remains because it is in a soft state before quenching. The media 3 is smaller than the sintered alloy 1.
次に、焼結体1の表面処理S3を行う。この例では表面処理S3として、表面硬化処理たる焼入れ処理S31を行い、特に浸炭焼入れを行うことにより、焼結体1の表面層を焼入硬化する。前記焼入れ処理S31の後、脱脂処理S32を行い、この後、焼き戻し処理S33を行うことにより、焼入れによって硬化した焼結体1に靭性を与える。 Next, the surface treatment S3 of the sintered body 1 is performed. In this example, as the surface treatment S3, a quenching treatment S31 that is a surface hardening treatment is performed, and in particular, by carburizing and quenching, the surface layer of the sintered body 1 is quenched and cured. After the quenching treatment S31, a degreasing treatment S32 is performed, and then a tempering treatment S33 is performed to impart toughness to the sintered body 1 cured by quenching.
表面硬化処理後S3の第2バレル処理S4は、バレルによる荒仕上げS41の後にバレルによる精密仕上げS42を行う。前記荒仕上げS41に用いた装置は、回転バレル機であり、回転バレル機に前記焼結合金1と略三角形粒状のメディアと研磨材と防錆材を投入し、回転数27rpmで10時間以上、この例では約12時間回転処理を行った。前記精密仕上げS42に用いた装置は、回転バレル機であり、回転バレル機に前記焼結合金1と斜切円柱形のメディア3と研磨材と防錆材を投入し、回転数27rpmで10時間以上、この例では約12時間回転処理を行った。このように第2バレル処理S4では、前記第1バレル処理S2に比べて、回転数を約5〜15%低く設定し、また、メディアも小型のものを用いている。 In the second barrel process S4 in S3 after the surface hardening process, the rough finishing S41 by the barrel is followed by the precision finishing S42 by the barrel. The apparatus used for the rough finishing S41 is a rotary barrel machine, and the rotary alloy machine is charged with the sintered alloy 1, the substantially triangular granular media, the abrasive and the rust preventive material, and the rotational speed of 27 rpm is 10 hours or more. In this example, rotation processing was performed for about 12 hours. The apparatus used for the precision finishing S42 is a rotary barrel machine. The sintered alloy 1, the obliquely cut cylindrical media 3, the abrasive and the rust preventive material are put into the rotary barrel machine, and the rotational speed is 27 rpm for 10 hours. As described above, in this example, the rotation process was performed for about 12 hours. In this way the second barrel processing S4, the comparison with the first barrel processing S2, and about 5-15% low rather setting the rotational speed, also the media also using a small size.
このように第2バレル処理S4では、荒仕上げS41により、焼結合金1の凸部を研磨するようにして仕上げ前の表面を均し、この均らした表面を精密仕上げS42により磨き上げては平滑化する。第2バレル処理4の後の顕微鏡写真を図5(C)に示す。図4の「第2バレル体」に示すように、第2バレル処理S4の後、前記側面2の表面粗さ(Ra)は0.13となった。また、第2バレル処理S4の処理時間を短く調整しても、側面2の表面粗さ(Ra)は0.4以下にすることができた。 As described above, in the second barrel process S4, the rough surface S41 is used to level the surface before finishing by polishing the convex portion of the sintered alloy 1, and the leveled surface is polished by the precision finish S42. Smooth. A photomicrograph after the second barrel treatment 4 is shown in FIG. As shown in the “second barrel body” in FIG. 4, the surface roughness (Ra) of the side surface 2 became 0.13 after the second barrel treatment S4. Further, even when the processing time of the second barrel processing S4 was adjusted to be short, the surface roughness (Ra) of the side surface 2 could be reduced to 0.4 or less.
尚、バレル処理は、いずれも水なども入れる湿式回転バレル研磨方法を用いた。 In addition, the barrel processing used the wet rotation barrel grinding | polishing method in which all add water.
このように本実施例では、原料粉末を加圧して圧粉体を形成し、この圧粉体を焼結してなる焼結合金1に表面硬化処理たる焼入れ処理S31を施す焼結部品の製造方法において、前記焼入れ処理S21の前にバレル処理たる第1バレル処理S2により焼結合金1の表面の凸部を除去すると共に表面の気孔を小さくし、前記焼入れ処理S21の後にバレル処理たる精密仕上げS42により表面を平滑化するから、焼入れ処理S21の前の比較的柔らかい状態で第1バレル処理S2を行うことにより焼結合金1の表面の凸部を除去すると共に表面の気孔を小さくし、焼入れ処理S31の後に精密仕上げS42により表面を滑らかに加工して平滑化することができる。 As described above, in this embodiment , the raw material powder is pressed to form a green compact, and the sintered alloy 1 obtained by sintering the green compact is subjected to a quenching treatment S31 which is a surface hardening process. In the method, the convex portion on the surface of the sintered alloy 1 is removed and the pores on the surface are reduced by the first barrel treatment S2 which is a barrel treatment before the quenching treatment S21, and the fine finishing which is the barrel treatment after the quenching treatment S21. Since the surface is smoothed by S42, the first barrel treatment S2 is performed in a relatively soft state before the quenching treatment S21, thereby removing the convex portions on the surface of the sintered alloy 1 and reducing the pores on the surface and quenching. After the processing S31, the surface can be smoothly processed and smoothed by the precision finishing S42.
また、このように本実施例では、表面硬化処理が焼入れ処理S31であるから、焼結合金1の硬度を向上することができる。 Moreover, in this embodiment, since the surface hardening process is the quenching process S31, the hardness of the sintered alloy 1 can be improved.
また、このように本実施例では、表面硬化処理たる焼入れ処理S31の後のバレル処理たる精密仕上げS42により表面粗さ(Ra)を0.4μm以下とするから、焼結合金において切削などの機械加工することなしに高い平滑面を得ることができる。そして、バレル処理は機械加工とは異なり、1回の処理量が多いため、1個当たりのコストを低く抑えることが可能となり、コスト削減が可能となる。 Further, in this embodiment, since the surface roughness (Ra) is set to 0.4 μm or less by the precision finishing S42 which is the barrel processing after the quenching processing S31 which is the surface hardening processing, the machine such as cutting in the sintered alloy is performed. A high smooth surface can be obtained without processing. In addition, unlike the machining, the barrel processing has a large amount of processing at one time, so that the cost per one can be kept low, and the cost can be reduced.
また、このように本実施例では、表面硬化処理たる焼入れ処理S31の後のバレル処理たる精密仕上げS42により表面粗さ(Ra)を0.2μm以下とするから、焼結合金において切削などの機械加工することなしに更に高い平滑面を得ることができる。 In this way, in this embodiment, since the surface roughness (Ra) is set to 0.2 μm or less by the precision finishing S42 which is the barrel processing after the quenching processing S31 which is the surface hardening processing, the machine such as cutting in the sintered alloy is performed. A higher smooth surface can be obtained without processing.
また、実施例上の効果として、第2バレル処理において、バレルによる荒仕上げS41の後にバレルによる精密仕上げS42を行うから、硬化処理した表面の凸部を仕上げS41により研磨して平坦にし、さらに、精密仕上げS42により平滑に仕上げることができる。 Further, as an effect on the embodiment, in the second barrel processing, since the fine finishing S42 by the barrel is performed after the rough finishing S41 by the barrel, the convex portion of the cured surface is polished and flattened by the finishing S41, A smooth finish can be achieved by the precision finish S42.
尚、本発明は、前記実施形態に限定されるものでは無く、種々の変形実施が可能である。例えば、実施例では、表面硬化処理として焼入れを例示したが、スチーム処理や窒化処理などでもよい。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation implementation is possible. For example, in the embodiment, quenching is exemplified as the surface hardening treatment, but steam treatment, nitriding treatment, or the like may be used.
1 焼結合金
S1 成形工程
S2 第1バレル工程
S3 表面処理
S31 焼入れ処理(表面硬化処理)
S4 第2バレル処理
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sintered alloy S1 Molding process S2 1st barrel process S3 Surface treatment S31 Quenching process (surface hardening process)
S4 Second barrel processing
Claims (2)
前記表面硬化処理前の第1バレル処理は、円柱の両端を斜めに切断した斜切円柱形状のメディアを用いて焼結合金の表面の凸部を除去すると共に表面の気孔を小さくし、
前記表面硬化処理後の第2バレル処理は、略三角形粒状のメディアを用いて荒仕上げした後、前記斜切円柱形状のメディアを用いて精密仕上げを行い、
焼結合金の表面を平滑化することを特徴とする焼結合金の製造方法。 In the method for producing a sintered part, a raw material powder is pressed to form a green compact, and a surface hardening treatment is performed on a sintered alloy obtained by sintering the green compact.
The first barrel treatment before the surface hardening treatment is performed by removing convex portions on the surface of the sintered alloy using a slant-cut cylindrical medium obtained by obliquely cutting both ends of the cylinder and reducing the surface pores.
The second barrel treatment after the surface hardening treatment is roughly finished using a roughly triangular granular media, and then precision finished using the obliquely cut cylindrical shape media,
A method for producing a sintered alloy comprising smoothing a surface of the sintered alloy.
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