JP5868106B2 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device, and more particularly to a lighting device including a semiconductor light emitting element such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) as a light source.

  In recent years, energy conservation has been promoted to prevent global warming, and in the lighting field, research and development have been conducted on lamps using LEDs as an alternative to conventional incandescent bulbs. This is because lamps using LEDs have higher energy efficiency than existing incandescent bulbs. When considering expanding the application of lamps using LEDs, it is required that the caps of existing incandescent bulbs can be used as they are, and it is desirable to use them in the same manner as conventional incandescent bulbs. Incandescent light bulbs emit light evenly in a generally spherical shape from the front to the rear when the cap direction is behind the light-emitting part. It is demanded to produce light irradiation equivalent to that in the case of. However, since the LED has a strong straightness of the emitted light, when used in the same manner as a conventional incandescent bulb, it is necessary to widen the irradiation range (light distribution) of the emitted light from the LED without unevenness in luminance. In particular, it is necessary to expand the irradiation range in a direction exceeding 180 ° from the LED emission surface (behind the LED emission surface).

  As an example of means for spreading the light distribution, as described in Patent Document 1, after arranging the LEDs on a flat substrate, the LEDs are three-dimensionally mounted by bending the substrate, and the substrate is further mounted. There is a method of widening light distribution by providing a light-transmitting cover.

  In addition, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a method of expanding the light distribution by replacing the translucent cover with one having a high scattering function.

  In addition to this, the LED is installed on a truncated cone-shaped table, a reflector is used on the side of the table, and a translucent cover formed of a material having light diffusibility is further provided, thereby extending the light distribution. Patent Document 2 discloses this.

  In addition, a lens is installed on the LED module to reduce the amount of light emitted forward and increase the amount of light emitted laterally, and a light guide member is provided on the side of the LED module. Patent Document 1: A method for increasing the amount of light emitted backward by the reflective material on the light guide member by providing a reflective material on the top of the light guide member, increasing the amount of light incident on the light guide member by the lens It is disclosed in Document 3.

JP 2011-96594 A JP 2010-205553 A (see FIG. 7) JP 2010-40364 A (see FIG. 6)

Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp. Press Release March 7, 2011 http://www.tlt.co.jp/tlt/topix/press/p110307a/p110307a_2.htm

  In the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to three-dimensionally mount the LEDs, which may complicate the manufacturing process and increase the manufacturing cost.

  Further, in the techniques described in Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, light loss is increased because the light is scattered or diffused by the translucent cover, and it is necessary to put a large amount of energy into the LED in order to obtain the necessary brightness. There is a risk that the feature of the lamp using the LED of energy saving may not be provided.

  Further, in the structure shown in Patent Document 3, there is a possibility that light distribution does not spread above the reflective material and uneven brightness of light emission occurs due to the reflective material on the light guide member.

  An object of the present invention is to realize a lens that can easily mount LEDs and manufacture a cover, and can prevent uneven brightness of light emission and emit uniform light in a substantially spherical shape, and an illumination device using the lens. And

The present invention relates to a lighting device having a light source, a structure for providing the light source, a cover for covering the light source, and a lens for widening light distribution. The cover has translucency, and the structure has a conical shape. It is a table or cylinder, or a combination of them,
The ratio of the height from the structure to the light source with respect to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15, and the light source of the structure is provided. The ratio of the height of the cover to the diameter of the portion is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is 1.83. The ratio of the height of the structure to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 0.33 or more and 0.5 or less. The ratio of the height of the lens to the diameter of the portion where the light source is provided is in the range of 0.16 or more and 0.37, and the outer diameter of the lens relative to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided. range near ratios of less than 0.53 or more and 0.9 or 7 And a plane passing through the maximum diameter of the cover is arranged so as to cross a part of the lens. The lens is donut-shaped, covers a part of the light source, and A tenth surface on which light from the light is incident, an eleventh surface that reflects the incident light, and a twelfth surface that is an emission surface, the tenth surface being at a position facing a part of the light emitting surface of the light source The eleventh surface is a curved surface that swells in a bow shape toward the side of the light source, the end of the tenth surface is connected to the end of the eleventh surface, and the end of the eleventh surface is the end of the twelfth surface The light from a part of the light source is incident on the lens from the 10th surface, reflected by the 11th surface, refracted by the 12th surface and emitted from the front to the rear of the light source,
The light from the other part not covered with the lens of the light source reaches the cover directly.

  According to the present invention, by using the lens, it is possible to increase the emission of light backward (in the direction of the base), and it is possible to emit light uniformly in a spherical shape.

  Further, by providing the light source at a position higher than the cover opening, it is possible to prevent the light emitted from the lens from being blocked.

  In addition, by using the side surface of the structure where the light source is disposed as a reflecting surface, the light scattered and returned by the cover is reflected, and the uniformity of the light is increased.

  According to the present invention, in a lighting device having a light source, a structure for mounting the light source, a cover for covering the light source, and a lens for widening light distribution, the side surface of the structure is a reflective surface, By arranging the lens in the vicinity of the center of the diameter, it is possible to realize an illuminating device in which the mounting of the LED and the production of the cover are simple and the luminance unevenness of the light emission is prevented and the light is emitted uniformly in a spherical shape. Can do.

  According to the present invention, in the lighting device having a light source, a structure for providing the light source, and a cover for covering the light source, the cover has translucency, and the structure is a truncated cone or a cylinder, or these The ratio of the height from the upper surface of the structure to the light emitting surface of the light source with respect to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15. The ratio of the height of the cover to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83, and the ratio of the height of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided The ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover is in the range of 1.83 to 2.16, and the ratio of the height of the structure to the diameter of the portion of the structure where the light source is provided is 0.33 or more and 0.1. Within the range of 5 and the structure The ratio of the height of the lens to the diameter of the portion where the light source is provided is in the range of 0.2 to 0.4, and the outside of the lens with respect to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided The ratio of the diameter is configured in the range of 0.67 or more and 0.93, and the plane passing through the maximum diameter of the cover is arranged so as to cross a part of the lens. However, it is possible to realize an illumination device that is simple and emits light uniformly in a spherical shape by preventing unevenness in luminance of light emission.

  According to the present invention, in the illumination device including the light source, the structure for providing the light source, the lens provided on the light source, and the cover that covers the light source and the lens, the cover Has a substantially spherical shape with an opening, and the lens is arranged so that a plane passing through the maximum diameter of the cover crosses a part of the lens, and the upper end of the lens, the opening of the cover, , The structure is positioned inside the line connecting the, the LED mounting and the manufacture of the cover are simple, the luminance unevenness of the light emission is prevented, and the illumination device emits light uniformly in a spherical shape Can be realized.

  Further, according to the present invention, in a lighting device having a plurality of light sources, a structure for providing the light sources, and a cover covering them, the cover has translucency, and the structure is a truncated cone or The ratio of the height from the structure to the light source with respect to the diameter of the portion of the structure where the light source is provided is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15. The ratio of the height of the cover to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83, and the ratio of the height of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided The ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover is in the range of 1.83 to 2.16, and the ratio of the height of the structure to the diameter of the portion of the structure where the light source is provided is 0.33 or more and 0.1. Within the range of 5 The ratio of the height of the lens to the diameter of the part where the light source of the body is provided is in the range of 0.2 to 0.4, and the ratio of the lens to the diameter of the part where the light source of the structure is provided The ratio of the outer diameter is configured to be in a range of 0.67 or more and 0.93 or less, and a plane passing through the maximum diameter of the cover is arranged so as to cross a part of the lens. It is possible to realize an illuminating device in which mounting and manufacturing of a cover are simple and luminance unevenness of light emission is prevented and light is emitted uniformly in a spherical shape.

It is sectional drawing at the time of utilizing Example 1 of this invention as a substitute illumination device of an incandescent lamp. It is an isometric view of the appearance of Example 1 of the present invention. It is an isometric view of the state which removed the cover 1 of Example 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing at the time of utilizing Example 2 of this invention as a substitute illumination device of an incandescent lamp. It is an isometric view of the state which removed the cover 1 of Example 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing at the time of utilizing Example 3 of this invention as a substitute illumination device of an incandescent lamp. It is an isometric view of the donut-shaped lens B20 and LED module of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of lens A2 in Example 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the donut-shaped lens B20 in Example 3 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, Examples 1 to 3 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In this embodiment, an example of an illuminating device in which the mounting of LEDs and the manufacture of a cover are simple and the luminance unevenness of light emission is prevented will be described. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the case where Example 1 of the present invention is used as an alternative lighting device for an incandescent bulb. The lighting device 100 includes a cover 1, a lens A 2, an LED module A 3, a cylindrical reflector 4, a housing 5, an electric circuit 6, a base 7, and a substrate 140. Hereinafter, in the illuminating device 100 in the figure, the direction in which the cover 1 is located with respect to the housing 5 is defined as the front, and the direction in which the base 7 is located is defined as the rear. The direction that does not hit the front or back is called the side. A chip-on-board type LED module A3 is mounted on a cylindrical reflector 4. A lens for spreading the light distribution is installed on the top of the light emitting surface of the LED module A3. There is a translucent cover 1 that covers the cylindrical reflector 4, the LED module A3, and the lens A2. The cover 1 has a substantially spherical shape and has an opening in part. The opening of the cover 1 is connected to a hollow housing 5. The housing 5 has a truncated cone shape and has openings in two circular portions. Each opening part of the housing | casing 5 is connected, and the inside of the housing | casing 5 is hollow. The opening of the cover 1 is connected to one opening of the housing 5. An electric circuit 6 is provided inside the housing 5, and there is a base 7 for connecting to a conventional incandescent light bulb socket. With the above-described configuration, when the lighting device 100 is attached to the socket, the base 7 receives power from the socket, and electricity is communicated from the base 7 to the electric circuit 6 through a lead wire (not shown), and electricity is communicated from the electric circuit 6 to the LED module A3. The LED module A3 emits light. The light emitted from the LED module A3 enters the lens A2, and the light from the lens A2 spreads out to the front, side, and rear of the lens A2. FIG. 2 is an external view of the illumination device 100 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the illumination device 100 of the present embodiment with the cover removed. In FIG. 3, the lens mounting structure and wiring are omitted. Rather than just simulating the shape of an incandescent bulb, the light distribution is widened by a lens, and the LED module A3 is placed on the cylindrical reflector 4, the light emission center is placed at the same position as the incandescent bulb, and the light is distributed to the incandescent bulb. By bringing the two close to each other, the same light distribution as that of the incandescent bulb can be realized. Further, the cover 1 is manufactured by blow molding or the like to shorten and simplify the process.

  By making the reflector into a cylindrical shape, it is possible to prevent the light emitted backward from the lens A2 from being blocked. In order to reduce light blocking, it is desirable that the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 is equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end 9 of the lens A2. Further, by making the side surface of the cylindrical reflector 4 a reflecting surface, the light scattered by the cover 1 and returned to the inside of the cover 1 is reflected again, and the uniformity of the light can be increased.

A sectional view of the lens A2 is shown in FIG. It is installed so as to cover the LED module A3. In this embodiment, the lens A2 includes a flat portion a (fifth surface), a funnel-shaped concave surface b (fourth surface), a refracting surface c (third surface), and a bowl-shaped curved surface d (second surface). ), A curved surface e (first surface), a conical recess f, and a handle portion 60. In the lens A2, the curved surface e is a surface facing the LED module A3. The curved surface e has a hemispherical shape so as to cover the LED module A3 disposed on one surface of the substrate 140 which is a flat surface. A conical recess f is formed on the curved surface e. If a representative light ray in the light irradiated from the LED module A3 is an optical axis 500, a conical recess f is formed at a portion where the optical axis 500 and the curved surface e intersect. The conical recess f is provided so as to be recessed inside the lens A2. The conical recess f is a conical recess. Light from the LED module A3 travels toward the curved surface e and the conical recess f, and enters the lens A2 from the curved surface e and the conical recess f. The light exit surface of the lens A2 includes a flat portion a, a funnel-shaped concave surface b, a refractive surface c, and a bowl-shaped curved surface d. The flat part a and the funnel-shaped concave surface b are located at the upper part of the lens A2, and the refractive surface c and the bowl-shaped curved surface d are located at the side part of the lens A2. The funnel-shaped concave surface b has an inclination that swells upward from the flat portion a toward the portion where the funnel-shaped concave surface b and the refractive surface c contact each other. A substantially funnel shape is formed by the flat portion a, the funnel-shaped concave surface b, and the refracting surface c.
The refracting surface c is located from the side to the rear of the funnel-shaped concave surface b. A flat portion a is provided on the bottom surface surrounded by the funnel-shaped concave surface b. The funnel-shaped concave surface b functions as a surface that reflects light incident on the lens A2 from the curved surface e or the conical concave portion f toward the side of the lens A2 or the direction of the refractive surface c on the rear side, and the refractive surface c. And has a function of transmitting the light reflected by the lens A2 and emitting it to the front of the lens A2. The flat portion a has a function of transmitting light incident on the lens A2 from the curved surface e or the conical concave portion f to the front of the lighting device. The amount of light emitted to the front of the lighting device is increased by the flat portion a. Further, the refractive surface c refracts the light reflected by the funnel-shaped concave surface b and emits the light from the lens A2 to the side or rear of the lighting device, and the light incident from the curved surface e in the direction of the funnel-shaped concave surface b. Has the function of reflecting to the back. The bowl-shaped curved surface d has a function of refracting light incident on the lens A2 from the curved surface e and emitting it from the lens A2. Light is emitted from the bowl-shaped curved surface d from the front to the side of the lighting device. By forming the conical concave portion f on the curved surface e, the amount of light hitting the funnel-shaped concave surface b can be increased. Since the amount of light reflected from the funnel-shaped concave surface b can be increased by increasing the amount of light hitting the funnel-shaped concave surface b, it is possible to irradiate light to the front, side, and rear of the bulb. And uneven brightness can be prevented. The light incident from the conical recess f is reflected by the funnel-shaped concave surface b, and increases the emission of light from the side of the illumination device to the rear as compared with the case where only the curved surface e is provided. By increasing the emission of light from the side to the rear of the lighting device, it has a function of reducing the luminance unevenness of the entire lighting device.

  The angle θ1 formed by the optical axis 500 and the conical concave portion f is preferably about 20 to 60 ° in consideration of how the light hits the funnel-shaped concave surface b. For example, when the angle θ1 is 48 °, the length of the flat portion a is 0.6 mm, and the size of the funnel-shaped concave surface b is an arc formed by an elliptical quarter having a radius of 6 mm × 12 mm. desirable. However, if the angle θ1 or the size of the flat portion a changes, the size of the funnel-shaped concave surface b also changes. Further, when the opening of the conical recess f of the curved surface e is called the bottom surface of the conical recess f, the size of the bottom surface of the conical recess f is smaller than the size of the light emitting surface of the LED module A3. It is desirable. The light reflected from the funnel-shaped concave surface b via the conical concave portion f and the light reflected from the funnel-shaped concave surface b via the curved surface e can be produced. The emitted light can be widened while preventing uneven brightness. When the angle θ1 is 48 °, the length of the flat portion a is 0.6 mm, and the size of the funnel-shaped concave surface b is an arc formed by an elliptical quarter having a radius of 6 × 12 mm. The angle formed by the concave surface b and the refractive surface c is 55 °, the vertical bottom surface of the bowl-shaped curved surface d and the curved surface e is 1 mm, the bowl-shaped curved surface d is a partial arc of an ellipse with a radius of 9 mm × 12 mm, and the curved surface e is a radius It is desirable that the thickness of the central part of the lens 1 and the arc of a 3 mm × 8 mm elliptical part is 0.5 mm. However, other ratios may be used as long as the curvature of the funnel-shaped concave surface b is adjusted and the amount of light emitted backward is adjusted.

  The outer shape of the lens A2 is a shape in which a substantially funnel type and a substantially bowl shape are combined so that the portions with small areas face each other. When the lens A2 is viewed from the side, it has a substantially hourglass shape. The outer peripheral side surface of the substantially funnel type is the refracting surface c in the present embodiment, and the inner peripheral side surface of the substantially funnel type is the funnel-shaped concave surface b in the present embodiment. The portion surrounded by the inner peripheral side surface of the substantially funnel type is the flat portion a in this embodiment. The outer peripheral side surface of the substantially bowl shape is a bowl-shaped curved surface d as used in this embodiment, and the inner peripheral side surface of the substantially bowl-shaped truncated cone is a curved surface e as used in this embodiment. A concave portion is provided in a part of the curved surface e. The concave portion provided in a part of the curved surface e is a conical concave portion f in the present embodiment. In this embodiment, the conical recess f has a conical shape. One end of the bowl-shaped curved surface d is connected to the end of the curved surface e, and one end of the refracting surface c is connected to the other end of the bowl-shaped curved surface d. One end of the funnel-shaped concave surface b and the other end of the refracting surface c are connected, and the flat portion a is connected to the other end of the funnel-shaped concave surface b. In the present embodiment, a substantially funnel shape and a substantially bowl shape have been expressed, but this is not restrictive. The outer shape of the lens A2 is not limited to this as long as the shape can achieve the functions of the respective surfaces. For example, the shape of the conical recess f may be a truncated cone in order to adjust the amount of light emitted forward.

The lens A2 is provided so as to cover the LED module A3 with the curved surface e. Light from the light emitting surface 3 of the LED module A3 is incident on the curved surface e and the conical recess f. The light incident on the curved surface e is refracted according to the curvature of the curved surface e and the refractive index of the lens A2. Light from the LED module A3, which has a strong straightness, spreads forward through the curved surface e. Further, the light incident on the conical recess f is also refracted. The light passing through the curved surface e reaches the flat portion a, the funnel-shaped concave surface b, the refracting surface c, and the bowl-shaped curved surface d. The light that has passed through the conical recess f reaches the funnel-shaped concave surface b.
The light that reaches the flat portion a emits light forward. Of the light reaching the funnel-shaped concave surface b, some of the light is emitted forward from the funnel-shaped concave surface b, and the other light is reflected back into the lens 1. The light from the curved surface e or the funnel-shaped concave surface b to the refracting surface c or the bowl-shaped curved surface d is refracted and emitted to the front, side, or rear. The curved surface e is provided to widen the orientation of light from the LED module A3. The funnel-shaped concave surface b is provided in order to transmit light forward or reflect it into the lens A2. The flat part a is provided to transmit light in front of the lens A2. The refracting surface c is provided for directing light to the side or rear of the lens A2. The bowl-shaped curved surface d is provided for directing light forward or sideward.

  In the present embodiment, an example of a lens having a surface facing the light emitting surface and a surface recessed inward on the opposite side is shown. However, if light can be distributed from the front (cover direction) to the rear (cap direction). For example, lenses having other shapes may be used. Further, in order to reduce the loss of light in the lens, it is desirable to make the lens as small as possible while maintaining the function of spreading the light distribution.

  The emission center in the incandescent lamp is near the center of the position ab having the maximum cover diameter. If the height of the cylindrical reflector 4 is lowered, it is necessary to increase the height (thickness) of the lens in order to set the light emission position to the position ab having the maximum cover diameter. Increasing the height (thickness) of the lens may increase the loss of light. Further, if the height of the cylindrical reflector 4 is made higher than the position ab where the cover has the maximum diameter, the distance between the lens A2 and the cover 1 becomes closer, and the shadow of the lens is reflected on the cover surface, which may deteriorate the appearance. . Considering these things, when considering the ratio of the appropriate shape of the cover 1, the cylindrical reflector 4, and the lens A2, from the cylindrical reflector 4 to the LED module A3 with respect to the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 The ratio of the height is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15, and the ratio of the height of the cover 1 to the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83. The ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover 1 to the diameter of the reflector 4 is in the range of 1.83 to 2.16, and the ratio of the height of the cylindrical reflector 4 to the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 is 0. The ratio of the lens height to the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 is in the range of 0.2 to 0.4, and the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 4 is in the range of 0.33 to 0.5. The lens outer diameter ratio should be configured to be in the range of 0.67 to 0.93. It is desirable In addition, since the lens A2 serves as a light emitter, it is desirable that the horizontal plane passing through the position a of the maximum diameter of the cover 1 is arranged so as to cross a part of the lens A2. Since the concave portion on the upper surface of the lens A2 serves as a reflection surface for emitting light backward, in order to emit light from substantially the center of the cover, a horizontal plane passing through the position a having the maximum diameter of the cover must be a lens A2. It is good if it is in the range between the upper half of the height direction half. If there is no lens A2 in the cover, it may be arranged so as to cross the lower part of the lens A2.

  Lens A2 can be manufactured using a number of well-known techniques such as lathe, injection molding, stereolithography and casting. The lens A2 is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, commonly known as acrylic), polycarbonate (PC, commonly known as polycarbonate), or the like. However, any material can be used as long as it is a light-transmitting material, and the material is not limited to these materials. However, a material with less loss of light at the lens is more desirable from the viewpoint of energy saving. Further, a plurality of materials may be used, or scattering characteristics may be provided by mixing fine particles having a size of about 1000 nm made of polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate into the lens A2. By providing the lens A2 with scattering characteristics, light loss increases due to scattering, but more uniform light with less luminance unevenness can be obtained.

  The refractive index of the lens A2 is preferably about 1.54 that a general transparent member has, but can have a higher or lower refractive index based on the material used. Since the refraction and reflection angle of the light in the lens A2 depend on the refractive index, the shape needs to be changed depending on the refractive index of the material used in the lens A2.

  Although the attachment method of the lens A2 is omitted in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 8, a handle portion 60 is formed on the bottom surface of the lens and attached using an adhesive such as silicone or a screw. You may attach by other methods.

The translucent cover 1 is connected to the housing 5. The material of the cover 1 may be a resin such as polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate, or glass. When resin is used, it is molded integrally using blow molding or the like. The cover 1 may be transparent or colored, but in order to increase the uniformity of the light emitted from the lens, it has scattering characteristics by mixing fine particles having a size of about 1000 nm such as silicon dioxide and polycarbonate. It is desirable. Further, when glass is used as the material of the cover 1, scattering characteristics can be imparted by applying fine particles such as SiO _{2 to the} inner surface of the cover. When it is desired to give a glittering feeling like a candle flame, the translucent cover 1 does not have to be scattering.

  Since the housing 5 also serves as a heat sink for housing the electric circuit 6 and the heat generated in the LED module A3, it is desirable to use a material having high thermal conductivity, for example, a metal material such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or copper. However, other materials may be used. The cavity of the housing 5 may be filled with a resin such as silicone. Moreover, you may apply | coat the coating material which accelerates | stimulates heat radiation to the surface. By making the housing 5 and the cylindrical reflector 4 integrally, the thermal conductivity is improved, and the process can be reduced by applying a paint having both heat dissipation and reflection to the surface. A fin shape may be formed on the outside of the housing 5 in order to enhance the heat dissipation effect. When the heat dissipation effect is increased, the light emission efficiency of the LED module is improved even with the same power, so that the brightness is increased. Considering the replacement of conventional products, it is better to fit the outer dimensions of conventional incandescent bulbs even when fins are added.

  The electric circuit 6 has a function of converting an AC power source into a DC power source in order to drive the LED module A3. The electric circuit 6 includes a transformer, a capacitor, and the like, but the configuration of the electric circuit 6 differs depending on the specification of the LED module A3 to be used.

  In this embodiment, the lighting device attached to the socket for the incandescent bulb has been described as an example. However, the cylindrical reflector 4 and the lens A2 described above are not limited to such an incandescent bulb, and other types of lighting devices. The present invention is also applicable to the present invention, and can be implemented in variously modified forms in the matters described in the claims.

  In the above embodiment, the chip-on-board LED module A3 is used as the light source. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of LEDs and other light-emitting elements such as organic EL and inorganic EL may be used. good.

  In the second embodiment, another method of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the case where the second embodiment of the present invention is used as an alternative illumination device for an incandescent bulb. FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the second embodiment with the cover removed. In FIG. 5, the lens mounting structure and wiring are omitted. The difference from the first embodiment is that a truncated cone-shaped reflector 40 is used instead of the cylindrical reflector 4. Since other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. By using the truncated conical reflector 40, the light scattered by the cover 1 and returning to the inside can be efficiently reflected. Further, in order to prevent the light emitted from the lens A2 from being blocked, the side surface of the truncated conical reflector 40 is located inside the line cd connecting the upper end 9 of the lens A2 and the cover opening 8. Is desirable. If the side surface of the member on which the LED is placed is inside the line cd connecting the upper end 9 of the lens A2 and the cover opening 8, the member on which the LED is placed does not have to be in the shape of a truncated cone. For example, you may use the reflector of the shape which combined the truncated cone and the cylinder. Further, when used as an alternative to an incandescent light bulb, the presence of the light source at the same position as the incandescent light bulb has a less unnatural appearance, so the upper end or a part of the lens A2 has a horizontal plane at the position ab where the maximum diameter of the cover 1 is. It is desirable to cross

  Also in this embodiment, the lighting device attached to the socket for the incandescent bulb has been described as an example. However, the above-described truncated cone-shaped reflector 40 and the lens A2 are not limited to such an incandescent bulb, but other types of lighting. The present invention can also be applied to an apparatus, and can be implemented in various modifications in the matters described in the claims.

  In the above embodiment, the chip-on-board LED module A3 is used as the light source. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of LEDs and other light-emitting elements such as organic EL and inorganic EL may be used. good.

  In the third embodiment, a case where a plurality of light sources are used will be described. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when Example 3 is used as an alternative lighting device for an incandescent bulb. As shown in FIG. 7A, the surface mount type LED module B30 was concentrically arranged, and the LED module C31 was arranged at the center thereof. By using a plurality of light sources, it is possible to mix colors such as daylight white color and light bulb color.

  As in the first embodiment, it is desirable that the donut-shaped lens B20 is provided on the surface formed by the horizontal plane at the position ab having the maximum cover diameter. As in the second embodiment, the inclination of the side surface of the truncated cone-shaped reflector 40 is preferably inside the line ef connecting the upper end 90 of the donut-shaped lens B20 and the cover opening 8. Similarly to the first embodiment, when the lens is lifted up, it approaches the cover, so that the shadow of the lens moves on the cover, and the appearance is not good.

  In consideration of those, the suitable shape is that the ratio of the height from the cylindrical reflector 4 to the LED module A3 with respect to the diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15, and the upper surface of the truncated cone is The ratio of the height of the cover 1 to the diameter of the cover is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover 1 to the diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone is in the range of 1.83 to 2.16. The ratio of the height of the cylindrical reflector 4 to the diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone is in the range of 0.33 or more and 0.5 or less, and the ratio of the lens height to the diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone is 0.16 or more and 0. It is desirable that the ratio of the outer diameter of the lens to the diameter of the upper surface of the truncated cone be in the range of 0.53 to 0.97.

  Since the light from the LED module C31 arranged at the center enters the donut-shaped lens B20 and becomes a loss, it is better not to arrange the LED module C31 at the center as shown in FIG. 7B. However, if the inner diameter of the lens 20 is changed and the incidence of light from the LED module C31 disposed at the center can be reduced, the lens 20 may be disposed.

  For attachment of the donut-shaped lens B20, the lens attachment portion 21 and the like are made and fixed with an adhesive such as silicone. It is desirable to fix by a method that is less susceptible to heat during lighting and resin deformation due to aging. The doughnut-shaped lens B20 and the lens mounting portion 21 can be manufactured separately if they are integrally molded, but the manufacturing process can be reduced.

The shape of the donut-shaped lens B20 will be described with reference to a cross-sectional view. The donut-shaped lens B20 includes a curved convex surface f2 (tenth surface) that is a light incident surface from the LED module B30, an arcuate concave surface b2 (eleventh surface), and an exit surface c2 (twelfth surface). ) And a mounting surface p and a plane q of the lens mounting portion. Further, the center 600 is disposed so as to be the center of the hollow portion of the donut-shaped lens B20. In addition, the donut-shaped lens B20 covers only a part of the light emitting surface of the LED module B30 in order to emit light forward of the bulb. When the size of the light emitting surface is 1, the size of the covered region is preferably about 0.2 to 0.8. When the amount covered is small, the amount of light emitted to the front of the bulb increases, and when the amount is small, the amount of light emitted to the rear of the bulb decreases, so about 0.6 is desirable. A state of light emitted from the LED module is shown as a light beam 301 passing through a donut-shaped lens B20. There are light emitted forward without passing through the donut-shaped lens B20 and light incident on the convex surface f2 on the curved surface. The light that has entered the convex surface f2 on the curved surface is reflected by the bow-shaped concave surface b2, but part of it is emitted forward by refraction. The light reflected by the bow-shaped concave surface b2 exits from the front to the back by being refracted by the exit surface c2.
In order to reduce the loss of light, the bow-shaped concave surface b2 is designed so that there is almost no reflection or emission of light on the mounting surface p and the plane q of the lens mounting portion. When the width of the light emitting surface of the LED module is 1, it is desirable that the height of the bow-shaped recess is about 1.5 and the width is about 1.4. Although the mounting surface p and the plane q of the lens mounting portion are flat portions, they may have a slightly swelled curved surface because the shape has almost no influence on the light beam. Further, the lens mounting portion 21 may be connected to the plane q.

  In the present embodiment, the donut-shaped lens B20 for spreading the donut-shaped light distribution is shown, but other shapes of lenses may be used as long as the light can be distributed backward. Further, in order to reduce the loss of light in the lens, it is desirable to make the lens as small as possible while maintaining the function of spreading the light distribution.

  Also in this embodiment, the lighting device attached to the socket for the incandescent bulb has been described as an example. However, the truncated cone-shaped reflector 40 and the donut-shaped lens B20 described above are not limited to such an incandescent bulb. The present invention can also be applied to a type of lighting device, and can be implemented in various modifications in the matters described in the claims.

  In the above embodiment, the surface mount type LED modules B30 and B31 are used as the light source. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of LEDs and other light emitting elements such as organic EL and inorganic EL are used. May be. Moreover, you may utilize combining them.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cover 4 Cylindrical reflector 5 Case 6 Electric circuit 7 Base 8 Cover opening part 9 Upper end 21 of lens A2 Lens attachment part 31 LED module C placed in the center
40 Conical truncated reflector 90 Upper end 100 of lens B20 Illuminating device 201 Light beam 301 passing through lens A2 Light beam 500 passing through lens B20 Optical axis 600 Center A2 Lens A3, B30 LED module B20 Donut-shaped lens a Flat portion b Funnel type Concave surface b2 bow-shaped concave surface c refracting surface c2 exit surface d bowl-shaped curved surface e curved surface f conical concave portion f2 curved convex surface g Mounted concave surface h multiple conical concave portions p lens mounting portion mounting surface q Plane ab Cover maximum diameter position cd Line connecting upper end of lens A2 and cover opening ef Line connecting upper end of lens B20 and cover opening

Claims (1)

In a lighting device having a light source, a structure for providing the light source, a cover for covering the light source, and a lens for spreading light distribution, the cover has translucency, and the structure is a truncated cone or a cylinder. Or a combination of them,
The ratio of the height from the structure to the light source with respect to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 0.03 to 0.15, and the light source of the structure is provided. The ratio of the height of the cover to the diameter of the portion is in the range of 1.5 to 1.83, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the cover to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is 1.83. The ratio of the height of the structure to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided is in the range of 0.33 or more and 0.5 or less. The ratio of the height of the lens to the diameter of the portion where the light source is provided is in the range of 0.16 or more and 0.37, and the outer diameter of the lens relative to the diameter of the portion where the light source of the structure is provided. range near ratios of less than 0.53 or more and 0.9 or 7 Configured so that a plane passing through the maximum diameter of the cover crosses a part of the lens,
The lens has a donut shape, covers a part of the light source, and enters a tenth surface on which light from the part of the light source is incident, an eleventh surface that reflects the incident light, and a twelfth surface that is an emission surface. The tenth surface is a curved surface located at a position facing a part of the light emitting surface of the light source, the eleventh surface is a curved surface that swells in a bow shape toward the side of the light source, and the end of the tenth surface Is connected to the end of the eleventh surface, the end of the eleventh surface is connected to the end of the twelfth surface, most of the light from a part of the light source is incident on the lens from the tenth surface, 11 is reflected on the 11th surface, refracted on the 12th surface and emitted from the front to the rear of the light source,
The light from the other part which is not covered with the lens of the said light source reaches the said cover directly, The illuminating device characterized by the above-mentioned.