JP5864985B2 - Spiral antenna and its element termination method - Google Patents
Spiral antenna and its element termination method Download PDFInfo
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- JP5864985B2 JP5864985B2 JP2011211131A JP2011211131A JP5864985B2 JP 5864985 B2 JP5864985 B2 JP 5864985B2 JP 2011211131 A JP2011211131 A JP 2011211131A JP 2011211131 A JP2011211131 A JP 2011211131A JP 5864985 B2 JP5864985 B2 JP 5864985B2
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Description
本実施形態は、広帯域特性を有するスパイラルアンテナに関する。 The present embodiment relates to a spiral antenna having broadband characteristics.
スパイラルアンテナは、誘電体基板上に複数のアンテナ素子をスパイラル状にパターン形成したもので、円偏波で広帯域特性が得られる特徴を有する。但し、個々のアンテナ素子の終端部で反射電流が生じることから、軸比の精度を出すことが困難である。この軸比を改善するために、従来では、スパイラルアンテナを電波吸収体の上に形成し、軸比悪化の原因であるアンテナ素子終端部からの反射電流を吸収させることが提案されている(例えば特許文献1、2参照)。
A spiral antenna has a feature that a plurality of antenna elements are formed in a spiral pattern on a dielectric substrate, and broadband characteristics can be obtained by circular polarization. However, since a reflected current is generated at the terminal portion of each antenna element, it is difficult to obtain an accurate axial ratio. In order to improve this axial ratio, conventionally, it has been proposed to form a spiral antenna on a radio wave absorber to absorb the reflected current from the antenna element termination that causes the deterioration of the axial ratio (for example, (See
以上のように、従来のスパイラルアンテナにおいて、軸比改善の手法として、電波吸収体を設置して逆偏波成分の電流を吸収させている。しかしながら、この手法では、同時に順方向の電流も一緒に吸収されてしまうため、利得が下がる傾向にあった。また、構成品として電波吸収体が増え、さらにはこの電波吸収体を固定するための構造も必要となるため、構造がよりいっそう複雑になってしまう。 As described above, in the conventional spiral antenna, as a method for improving the axial ratio, a radio wave absorber is installed to absorb the current of the reverse polarization component. However, this method tends to decrease the gain because the forward current is also absorbed at the same time. In addition, the number of radio wave absorbers increases as a component, and further, a structure for fixing the radio wave absorber is required, which further complicates the structure.
本実施形態の目的は、簡単な構造で、利得を維持したまま軸比の精度を向上させることのできるスパイラルアンテナとその素子終端処理方法を提供することにある。 An object of the present embodiment is to provide a spiral antenna and an element termination processing method that can improve the accuracy of the axial ratio while maintaining the gain with a simple structure.
本実施形態は、各アンテナ素子の終端部の外側にリング状の導体をパターン形成するものとし、そのリング状の導体に各アンテナ素子の終端部が連結するようにリング状の導体をアンテナ素子と一体形成することによって、問題の解決を図る。 In this embodiment, a ring-shaped conductor is formed on the outside of the terminal end of each antenna element, and the ring-shaped conductor is connected to the antenna element so that the terminal end of each antenna element is connected to the ring-shaped conductor. The problem is solved by forming it integrally.
本実施形態の構成によれば、反射電流がリング状の導体に流れるため、逆偏波成分の電波が発生しなくなり、軸比が改善される。また、電波吸収体を無くすことができるため、構造も単純になる。さらに、電波吸収体が不要となったことで、電波を吸収するものがなくなり、利得が改善される。 According to the configuration of the present embodiment, since the reflected current flows through the ring-shaped conductor, the radio wave of the reverse polarization component is not generated, and the axial ratio is improved. Further, since the radio wave absorber can be eliminated, the structure becomes simple. Furthermore, since the radio wave absorber is not necessary, there is no radio wave absorber and the gain is improved.
したがって、上記構成によれば、簡単な構造で、利得を維持したまま軸比の精度を向上させることのできるスパイラルアンテナとその素子終端処理方法を提供することができる。 Therefore, according to the above configuration, it is possible to provide a spiral antenna and its element termination processing method that can improve the accuracy of the axial ratio while maintaining the gain with a simple structure.
以下、実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
図1は実施形態に係る右旋円偏波送信用のスパイラルアンテナの構成を示す平面図である。このスパイラルアンテナは、第1及び第2のアンテナ素子11,12を誘電体基板(図示せず)上にスパイラル状にパターン形成し、その周囲にリング状の導体(以下、リング)13をパターン形成し、各アンテナ素子11,12の終端部がリング13に連結するように、一体形成したもので、電波吸収体は用いない。
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of a spiral antenna for right-handed circularly polarized wave transmission according to the embodiment. In this spiral antenna, first and
すなわち、従来のスパイラルアンテナでは、各アンテナ素子11,12の終端部を開放の状態にパターン形成しているが、本実施形態では各アンテナ素子11,12の終端部をリング13と一体形成することでショートさせている。これにより、アンテナ素子11,12それぞれの終端部から反射していた電流はリング13の方に流れる。そして、リング13に流れた電流はアンテナ素子11,12に戻ることはない。このため、反射が起きなくなって、逆偏波成分の電波が発生しなくなり、これによって軸比が改善されるようになる。
That is, in the conventional spiral antenna, the end portions of the
また電波吸収体を用いないため、構造も単純になる。さらに、電波吸収体を排除したことで、当然電波を吸収するものがなくなり、利得が改善されるようになる。 Further, since no radio wave absorber is used, the structure becomes simple. Furthermore, by eliminating the radio wave absorber, there is no need to absorb radio waves and the gain is improved.
図2は上記実施形態に係るスパイラルアンテナの軸比改善の成果を示す周波数−軸比特性図、図3は上記実施形態に係るスパイラルアンテナの右旋円偏波の利得改善の成果を示す周波数−利得特性図である。 FIG. 2 is a frequency-axis ratio characteristic diagram showing the result of improving the axial ratio of the spiral antenna according to the above embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a frequency showing the result of improving the gain of right-handed circular polarization of the spiral antenna according to the above embodiment. It is a gain characteristic diagram.
図2及び図3において、点線aは電波吸収体を用いない従来構造の場合、一点鎖線bは電波吸収体を用いた場合、実線cは本実施形態の場合を示している。図2及び図3から明らかなように、電波吸収体を用いた場合、低域において軸比改善効果が得られるものの、利得が一般構造の場合よりも低い状態にあり、利得の改善効果は得られない。これに対して、本実施形態の構成によれば、電波吸収体を用いなくても低域において軸比改善効果が得られ、さらに低域の利得低下も大幅に改善される。 2 and 3, the dotted line a indicates the case of a conventional structure that does not use a radio wave absorber, the alternate long and short dash line b indicates the case where a radio wave absorber is used, and the solid line c indicates the case of the present embodiment. As is apparent from FIGS. 2 and 3, when the radio wave absorber is used, an effect of improving the axial ratio is obtained at low frequencies, but the gain is lower than that of the general structure, and the effect of improving the gain is obtained. I can't. On the other hand, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, an effect of improving the axial ratio can be obtained in the low frequency range without using the radio wave absorber, and the gain reduction in the low frequency range can be greatly improved.
したがって、上記実施形態のスパイラルアンテナは、簡単な構造で、利得を維持したまま軸比の精度を向上させることができる。 Therefore, the spiral antenna of the above-described embodiment can improve the accuracy of the axial ratio with a simple structure while maintaining the gain.
尚、上記実施形態では、右旋円偏波送信に用いられるスパイラルアンテナについて説明したが、左旋円偏波の場合でも同様に実施可能である。また、アンテナ素子数が2本の場合について説明したが、さらに例えば4本のような多素子の場合でも同様に実施可能である。 In the above embodiment, the spiral antenna used for right-handed circularly polarized wave transmission has been described. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to the case of left-handed circularly polarized wave. Further, although the case where the number of antenna elements is two has been described, the present invention can be similarly implemented even in the case of a multi-element such as four.
また、上記実施形態はそのままに限定されるものではなく、実施段階ではその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成要素を変形して具体化できる。また、上記実施形態に開示されている複数の構成要素の適宜な組み合わせでもよい。例えば、実施形態に示される全構成要素から幾つかの構成要素を削除してもよい。さらに、異なる実施形態にわたる構成要素を適宜組み合わせてもよい。 Moreover, the said embodiment is not limited as it is, In an implementation stage, it can change and implement a component within the range which does not deviate from the summary. Moreover, an appropriate combination of a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the above embodiment may be used. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.
11…第1のアンテナ素子、12…第2のアンテナ素子、13…リング状導体。
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (2)
前記複数のアンテナ素子のスパイラル形成部分の周囲にパターン形成されるリング状の導体を備え、前記複数のアンテナ素子の終端部が前記リング状の導体に連結するように両者を一体形成してなり、電波吸収体を用いないことを特徴とするスパイラルアンテナ。 In a spiral antenna in which a plurality of antenna elements are patterned in a spiral shape on a dielectric substrate,
Comprises a ring-shaped conductors to be patterned around the spiral formed portion of the plurality of antenna elements, Ri Na integrally form both as termination of the plurality of antenna elements are connected to the ring-shaped conductor A spiral antenna characterized by not using a radio wave absorber .
前記複数のアンテナ素子のスパイラル形成部分の周囲にパターン形成されるリング状の導体に前記複数のアンテナ素子の終端部を連結するようにしており、電波吸収体を用いないことを特徴とするスパイラルアンテナの素子終端処理方法。 A plurality of antenna elements are applied to a spiral antenna in which a spiral pattern is formed on a dielectric substrate,
A spiral antenna characterized in that the end portions of the plurality of antenna elements are connected to ring-shaped conductors patterned around the spiral forming portions of the plurality of antenna elements, and no radio wave absorber is used. Element termination processing method.
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JP2014027392A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-02-06 | Toshiba Corp | Spiral antenna |
CN103474746B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-09-23 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | A kind of axial mode helical antenna with excellent axial ratio performance |
FR3012916B1 (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2017-09-01 | Direction Generale De Larmement Ds/Sdpa/Bpi Dga/Ds/Sdpa/Bpi | ANTENNA TO REFLECTOR |
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US3787871A (en) * | 1971-03-03 | 1974-01-22 | Us Navy | Terminator for spiral antenna |
US3778839A (en) * | 1971-07-30 | 1973-12-11 | Hallicrafters Co | Double ridged wave guide feed for signal antenna |
JPH11163622A (en) * | 1997-11-28 | 1999-06-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Spiral antenna |
JP4708114B2 (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2011-06-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Antenna device |
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