JP5843787B2 - 熱伝達組成物 - Google Patents
熱伝達組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(i)2,3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(R‐1234yf)
(ii)シス‐1,3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(R‐1234ze(Z))および/または
(iii)3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(R‐1243zf)
を含有しなくてもよい。
大気圧および管理湿度下で空気中におけるR‐152aの可燃性を、ASHRAE標準34の方法論で記載されているように、試験フラスコ器具で研究した。用いられた試験温度は23℃であった;湿度は77°F(25℃)の標準温度に対して50%であるように管理した。用いられた希釈剤はR‐1234ze(E)であり、これはこれらの試験条件下で不燃性であることがわかった。溶存空気または他の不活性ガスを試験前に除去するために、燃料および希釈ガスをシリンダーの真空パージへ付した。
本発明の選択二元および三元組成物の性能を、理想化された蒸気圧縮サイクルと関連した熱力学性質モデルを用いて評価した。熱力学モデルでは、温度に応じた混合物の各成分の理想ガスエンタルピーの変動の多項式相関と一緒に、混合物の気相性質と気‐液平衡を表すためにPeng Robinson状態方程式を用いた。熱力学性質と気液平衡をモデル化する際におけるこの状態方程式の使用の背後にある原理は、The Properties of Gases and Liquids (5th edition) by BE Poling,JM Prausnitz and JM O’Connell pub.McGraw Hill 2000、特に第4および8章(参照によりここに組み込まれる)で更に詳しく説明されている。
凝縮温度(℃) 60
蒸発温度(℃) 0
準冷却(K) 5
過熱(K) 5
吸引温度(℃) 15
等エントロピー効率 65%
クリアランス比 4%
能力(kW) 6
吸引ライン直径(mm) 16.2
Claims (57)
- 82〜88重量%のトランス‐1,3,3,3‐テトラフルオロプロペン(R‐1234ze(E))および12〜18重量%の1,1‐ジフルオロエタン(R‐152a)からなる、熱伝達組成物。
- 83〜87重量%のR‐1234ze(E)および13〜17重量%のR‐152aからなる、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 5〜85重量%のR‐1234ze(E)、2〜20重量%のR‐152aおよび5〜60重量%の1,1,1,2‐テトラフルオロエタン(R‐134a)を含んでなる、熱伝達組成物。
- 5〜20重量%のR‐152a、10〜55%のR‐134aおよび30〜80重量%のR‐1234ze(E)を含んでなる、請求項3に記載の組成物。
- 10〜18重量%のR‐152a、10〜50%のR‐134aおよび32〜78重量%のR‐1234ze(E)を含んでなる、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 12〜18重量%のR‐152a、15〜50%のR‐134aおよび32〜70重量%のR‐1234ze(E)を含んでなる、請求項3に記載の組成物。
- R‐1234ze(E)、R‐152aおよびR‐134aからなる、請求項3〜6のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物が、1000未満のGWPを有している、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物が、150未満のGWPを有している、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 温度勾配が10K未満である、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 温度勾配が5K未満である、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 組成物が、R‐134a、R‐152a、R‐1234yf、R‐22、R‐410A、R‐407A、R‐407B、R‐407C、R507又はR‐404aの15%以内の体積冷却能力を有している、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物が、R‐134a、R‐152a、R‐1234yf、R‐22、R‐410A、R‐407A、R‐407B、R‐407C、R507又はR‐404aの10%以内の体積冷却能力を有している、請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 組成物がR‐152a単独またはR‐1234yf単独よりも可燃性が低い、請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 組成物が、R‐152a単独またはR‐1234yf単独と比べて:
(a)高い可燃限界;
(b)高い点火エネルギー;および/または
(c)低い火炎速度;
を有している、請求項14に記載の組成物。 - 不燃性である、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物が、R‐134a、R‐152a、R‐1234yf、R‐22、R‐410A、R‐407A、R‐407B、R‐407C、R507又はR‐404aの5%以内のサイクル効率を有している、請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物が、R‐134a、R‐152a、R‐1234yf、R‐22、R‐410A、R‐407A、R‐407B、R‐407C、R507又はR‐404aの15K以内の圧縮器吐出温度を有している、請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物が、R‐134a、R‐152a、R‐1234yf、R‐22、R‐410A、R‐407A、R‐407B、R‐407C、R507又はR‐404aの10K以内の圧縮器吐出温度を有している、請求項18に記載の組成物。
- 潤滑剤および請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含んでなる、組成物。
- 潤滑剤が、鉱油、シリコーン油、ポリアルキルベンゼン(PAB)、ポリオールエステル(POE)、ポリアルキレングリコール(PAG)、ポリアルキレングリコールエステル(PAGエステル)、ポリビニルエーテル(PVE)、ポリ(アルファ‐オレフィン)およびそれらの組合せから選択される、請求項20に記載の組成物。
- 安定剤を更に含んでなる、請求項20または21に記載の組成物。
- 安定剤が、ジエン系化合物、ホスフェート、フェノール化合物およびエポキシドとそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項22に記載の組成物。
- 難燃剤および請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含んでなる、組成物。
- 難燃剤が、トリ(2‐クロロエチル)ホスフェート、(クロロプロピル)ホスフェート、トリ(2,3‐ジブロモプロピル)ホスフェート、トリ(1,3‐ジクロロプロピル)ホスフェート、リン酸二アンモニウム、様々なハロゲン化芳香族化合物、酸化アンチモン、アルミニウム三水和物、ポリ塩化ビニル、フッ素化ヨードカーボン、フッ素化ブロモカーボン、トリフルオロヨードメタン、ペルフルオロアルキルアミン、ブロモ‐フルオロアルキルアミンおよびそれらの混合物からなる群より選択される、請求項24に記載の組成物。
- 冷媒組成物である、請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含有している、熱伝達装置。
- 熱伝達装置における、請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物の使用。
- 冷却装置である、請求項27に記載の熱伝達装置。
- 自動車空調システム、住宅用空調システム、業務用空調システム、住宅用冷蔵庫システム、住宅用冷凍庫システム、業務用冷蔵庫システム、業務用冷凍庫システム、冷却機空調システム、冷却機冷却システムと、業務用または住宅用ヒートポンプシステムからなる群より選択される、請求項27に記載の熱伝達装置。
- 圧縮器を内蔵している、請求項29または30に記載の熱伝達装置。
- 請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含んでなる、発泡剤。
- 発泡体を形成可能な1種以上の成分と請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含んでなる発泡性組成物であって、発泡体を形成可能な1種以上の成分が、ポリウレタン、熱可塑性ポリマーおよび樹脂、例えばポリスチレンおよびエポキシ樹脂と、それらの混合物から選択される、発泡性組成物。
- 請求項33の発泡性組成物から得られる、発泡体。
- 請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含んでなる、発泡体。
- スプレーされるべき物質と、請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含んでなる噴射剤とを含んでなる、スプレー用組成物。
- 請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を凝縮させ、その後で冷却されるべき物品の近くで該組成物を蒸発させることを含んでなる、物品を冷却する方法。
- 加熱されるべき物品の近くで請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を凝縮させ、その後で該組成物を蒸発させることを含んでなる、物品を加熱する方法。
- 請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含んでなる溶媒とバイオマスを接触させ、該溶媒から物質を分離することを含んでなる、バイオマスから物質を抽出する方法。
- 請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含んでなる溶媒と物品を接触させることを含んでなる、物品を清浄化する方法。
- 請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含んでなる溶媒と水溶液を接触させ、該溶媒から物質を分離することを含んでなる、水溶液から物質を抽出する方法。
- 請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含んでなる溶媒と粒状固体マトリックスを接触させ、該溶媒から物質を分離することを含んでなる、粒状固体マトリックスから物質を抽出する方法。
- 請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含有している、機械的動力発生装置。
- ランキンサイクルまたはその変法を用いて熱から動力を発生するように構成されている、請求項43に記載の機械的動力発生装置。
- 既存の熱伝達流体を除去して、請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を導入する工程を含んでなる、熱伝達装置を改修する方法。
- 熱伝達装置が冷却装置である、請求項45に記載の方法。
- 熱伝達装置が空調システムである、請求項46に記載の方法。
- 既存の化合物または組成物を含んでなる製品の取扱いから生じる環境影響を減らす方法であって、少なくとも部分的に既存の化合物または組成物を請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物で置き換えることを含んでなる、方法。
- 組成物または熱伝達装置がR‐134aを含有している、請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物、および/または請求項27に記載の熱伝達装置を製造する方法であって、R‐1234ze(E)およびR‐152a、ならびに場合により潤滑剤、安定剤および/または難燃剤を、R‐134aである既存の熱伝達流体を含有した熱伝達装置へ導入することを含んでなる、方法。
- R‐1234ze(E)およびR‐152a、ならびに場合により潤滑剤、安定剤および/または難燃剤を導入する前に、既存のR‐134aの少なくとも一部を熱伝達装置から除去する工程を含んでなる、請求項49に記載の方法。
- (i)既存の化合物または組成物を請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物で置き換え、このとき請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載の組成物は既存の化合物または組成物より低いGWPを有するものとし、ii)該置換え工程で温室効果ガス排出権を生み出すことを含んでなる、温室効果ガス排出権を生み出す方法。
- 本発明の組成物の使用が、既存の化合物または組成物の使用により達成される場合よりも低い総等価温暖化影響および/または低いライフサイクル炭素排出量をもたらす、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 空調、冷却、熱伝達、発泡剤、エアロゾルまたはスプレー用噴射剤、気体誘電体、凍結手術、獣医処置、歯科処置、消火、火炎抑制、溶媒、クリーナー、エアホーン、ペレットガン、局所麻酔剤および膨張用途の分野からの製品で行われる、請求項51または52に記載の方法。
- 製品が熱伝達装置、発泡剤、発泡性組成物、スプレー用組成物、溶媒または機械的動力発生装置から選択される、請求項48または53に記載の方法。
- 製品が熱伝達装置である、請求項54に記載の方法。
- 既存の化合物または組成物が熱伝達組成物である、請求項48または51〜55のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 熱伝達組成物が、R‐134a、R‐1234yfおよびR‐152aから選択される冷媒である、請求項56に記載の方法。
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GB1002616.9 | 2010-02-16 | ||
GBGB1002616.9A GB201002616D0 (en) | 2010-02-16 | 2010-02-16 | Heat transfer compositions |
PCT/GB2011/000200 WO2011101620A2 (en) | 2010-02-16 | 2011-02-14 | Heat transfer compositions |
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EP (1) | EP2536802A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5843787B2 (ja) |
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CA (1) | CA2789525A1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB201002616D0 (ja) |
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US20110232306A1 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2011-09-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Absorption refrigeration cycles using a lgwp refrigerant |
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GB201002618D0 (en) | 2010-02-16 | 2010-03-31 | Ineos Fluor Ltd | Heat transfet compositions |
FR2964976B1 (fr) | 2010-09-20 | 2012-08-24 | Arkema France | Composition a base de 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene |
MY161767A (en) | 2010-12-14 | 2017-05-15 | Du Pont | Combinations of e-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and at least one tetrafluoroethane and their use for heating |
KR101887718B1 (ko) | 2010-12-14 | 2018-08-10 | 이 아이 듀폰 디 네모아 앤드 캄파니 | E-1,3,3,3-테트라플루오로프로펜 및 하나 이상의 테트라플루오로에탄을 포함하는 냉매의 냉각 용도 |
FR2988215B1 (fr) | 2012-03-16 | 2014-02-28 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Melange d'hydrofluoroolefine et d'hydrofluorocarbure pour ameliorer la tenue a l'arc interne dans les appareils electriques moyenne et haute tension |
US9554982B2 (en) | 2012-09-14 | 2017-01-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Aerosol antiperspirant compositions, products and methods |
US20140142010A1 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-22 | Basf Se | Lubricant Compositions Comprising Epoxide Compounds |
US11083915B2 (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2021-08-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant spray devices and compositions |
US11186424B2 (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2021-11-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant spray devices and compositions |
CA2929695C (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2022-03-22 | The Chemours Company Fc, Llc | Compositions comprising tetrafluoropropene and tetrafluoroethane; their use in power cycles; and power cycle apparatus |
US9579265B2 (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2017-02-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Aerosol antiperspirant compositions, products and methods |
US9662285B2 (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2017-05-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Aerosol antiperspirant compositions, products and methods |
CN105001833A (zh) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-10-28 | 天津大学 | 一种含有1,1-二氟乙烷的混合制冷剂 |
FR3057271B1 (fr) * | 2016-10-10 | 2020-01-17 | Arkema France | Utilisation de compositions a base de tetrafluoropropene |
US11078392B2 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-08-03 | Trane International Inc. | Lower GWP refrigerant compositions |
CN110343509B (zh) * | 2018-04-02 | 2021-09-14 | 江西天宇化工有限公司 | 一种不可燃且能降低温室效应的混合制冷剂及其应用 |
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GB9920949D0 (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 1999-11-10 | Ici Ltd | Apparatus and method for removing solvent residues |
EP1278795B1 (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2005-08-03 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of pentafluoropropane and water |
US7279451B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2007-10-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins |
US7524805B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2009-04-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | Azeotrope-like compositions of tetrafluoropropene and hydrofluorocarbons |
EP1685210B1 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2013-05-22 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions and methods for reducing fire hazard of flammable refrigerants |
SE0401191D0 (sv) * | 2004-05-07 | 2004-05-07 | Forskarpatent I Syd Ab | Mutated xylose reductase in xylose-fermentation by S. cerevisiae |
JP2008524433A (ja) * | 2004-12-21 | 2008-07-10 | ハネウェル・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド | 安定化したヨードカーボン組成物 |
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TW201533108A (zh) * | 2005-06-24 | 2015-09-01 | Honeywell Int Inc | 含有經氟取代之烯烴之發泡劑及組合物,及發泡方法 |
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AR062863A1 (es) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-12-10 | Du Pont | Metodo para detectar fugas de composiciones de fluoroolefina y sensores que se utilizan con dicho fin |
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US8628681B2 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2014-01-14 | Mexichem Amanco Holding S.A. De C.V. | Heat transfer compositions |
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CA2745518A1 (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-10 | Mexichem Amanco Holding S.A. De C.V. | Heat transfer compositions |
GB201002618D0 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2010-03-31 | Ineos Fluor Ltd | Heat transfet compositions |
GB201002622D0 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2010-03-31 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Ltd | Heat transfer compositions |
GB201002615D0 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2010-03-31 | Ineos Fluor Holdings Ltd | Heat transfer compositions |
MX2012013314A (es) * | 2010-05-20 | 2013-02-01 | Mexichem Amanco Holding Sa De Capital Variable | Composiciones de transferencia de calor. |
GB2481443B (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2012-10-17 | Mexichem Amanco Holding Sa | Heat transfer compositions |
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JP2013519778A (ja) | 2013-05-30 |
RU2012139456A (ru) | 2014-03-27 |
CA2789525A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
GB201002616D0 (en) | 2010-03-31 |
US20130032751A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
WO2011101620A3 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
EP2536802A2 (en) | 2012-12-26 |
AU2011217062B2 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
WO2011101620A2 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
US20150202581A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
AU2011217062A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
CN102753644A (zh) | 2012-10-24 |
BR112012020519A2 (pt) | 2018-04-10 |
KR20130009970A (ko) | 2013-01-24 |
MX2012009376A (es) | 2012-10-01 |
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