JP5825033B2 - Wear detection apparatus and wear detection method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wear detection device and a wear detection method, and more particularly, to a wear detection device and a wear detection method for detecting wear of a sliding portion of an industrial machine.

  As a wear gauge for detecting wear of a sliding portion of an industrial machine, for example, a wear gauge described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. The wear gauge described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a wear detection circuit including a plurality of wear detection lines on an insulating plate, and the wear detection line wears out in stages as the sliding part wears. Is used to detect the wear state of the sliding portion. In other words, if the wear detection line at the tip of the wear gauge is worn out and disconnected, the electrical signal will not flow from the wear gauge to the measurement section, so the wear of the sliding part has progressed to the position of the disconnected wear detection line. I can understand that.

JP 2008-164377 A

  By the way, when detecting the wear state of the wear side part among the wear side part constituting the sliding part of various industrial machines and the opposed side part facing the wear side part, the wear gauge as described in Patent Document 1 above, It is necessary to install it on the wear side part that is subject to wear detection. On the other hand, a control device (measurement unit of Patent Document 1) that processes information on the wear state obtained by the wear gauge is installed on the opposite side component from the viewpoint of installation space, operational stability, device protection, and the like. It is desirable.

  However, when a wear gauge is installed on the wear side component as described above and a control device or the like is installed on the opposite side component, the wear gauge and the control device can be electrically connected as described in Patent Document 1. There was a problem that it was difficult. For example, let us consider a case where it is desired to detect the wear of a piston (corresponding to a wear-side component) that slides at a high speed with respect to a cylinder (corresponding to a facing component) in a reciprocating compressor. In this case, it is very difficult to electrically connect the wear gauge provided on the piston and the control device provided on the cylinder using wiring, contact terminals, or the like. Therefore, during the operation of the industrial machine (while the wear side part is sliding), the information obtained from the wear gauge of the wear side part is suitably transmitted to the control device of the opposite side part, and the wear state of the wear side part is indicated. There was a need for an appropriately detectable method.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and without connecting the wear-side component and the opposed-side component that move relative to each other by wiring or the like, the control device installed in the opposed-side component allows the wear-side component to be An object of the present invention is to provide a wear detection device and a wear detection method capable of appropriately detecting a wear state.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a wear detection device of the present invention for detecting wear of a wear-side component accompanying sliding with a facing-side component is provided in the wear-side component, along the sliding surface of the wear-side component. Wear gauge with a wear detection line provided at the tip, a facing coil provided in the facing part, a wear side part, connected to the wear detecting line, and sliding of the wear side part A wear-side coil that moves so as to approach or separate in the sliding direction with respect to the opposed coil, and a wear gauge that is provided on the opposed-side component and that flows through the opposed closed circuit including the opposed-side coil. And a control device for detecting the wear state of.

  The coil axis of the wear side coil and the coil axis of the opposed coil may be parallel to the sliding direction of the wear side part.

  The opposite side closed circuit further includes an AC power source and a current measurement resistor, and the wear detection device is rectified by a rectifier circuit that rectifies the AC current flowing through the current measurement resistor of the opposite side closed circuit into a DC current, and the rectifier circuit. Compares the DC voltage corresponding to the measured DC current with a reference value, outputs a measurement signal indicating the comparison result to the control device, and detects the detection timing indicated by the control device by delaying the DC voltage by a predetermined time. A delay circuit that generates a timing signal, and the control device may detect a wear state of the wear gauge based on a measurement signal at a detection timing indicated by the detection timing signal.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the opposed coil provided in the opposed component and the worn component that wears as the opposed component slides are disposed along the sliding surface of the worn component. A wear gauge with a wear detection line at the tip and a wear side part, connected to the wear detection line, and in the sliding direction with respect to the opposing coil as the wear side part slides. According to the wear detection method of the present invention for detecting wear of a wear side component by a wear side coil moving so as to approach or separate, the wear side coil approaches or separates in the sliding direction with respect to the opposed coil. The current flowing through the counter-side closed circuit including the counter-side coil when moved to the position is detected, and the wear state of the wear gauge is detected based on the detected current.

  According to the wear detection device and the wear detection method, the tip of the wear gauge is worn together with the sliding surface of the wear side component. Therefore, when the wear proceeds, the wear detection line is worn and disconnected. When the wear detection line is not disconnected, the wear-side coil of the wear-side component and the counter-side coil of the counter-side component are electromagnetically coupled, causing a current drop in the counter-side closed circuit. The control device detects that the wear detection line is not disconnected and the wear amount of the wear gauge does not reach the wear detection line. On the other hand, when the wear detection line is disconnected, the wear side coil and the counter side coil are not electromagnetically coupled, and no current drop occurs in the counter side closed circuit. Detects when the line is disconnected and the wear amount of the wear gauge exceeds the wear detection line. As a result, the wear amount of the wear gauge can be transmitted between the wear side component and the facing side component by using electromagnetic coupling between the wear side coil and the facing side coil. The wear state of the moving surface can be detected appropriately.

  According to the present invention, the wear state of the wear-side component can be appropriately detected by the control device installed in the facing-side component without connecting the relatively moving wear-side component and the facing-side component by wiring or the like.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the cylinder mechanism of the reciprocating compressor to which the abrasion detection apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the abrasion detection apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a wave form diagram showing a voltage waveform impressed to resistance for current measurement of a closed circuit when a coil concerning the embodiment passes each other. It is a figure showing an example of circuit composition of a measurement circuit concerning the embodiment. It is a top view which shows the wear gauge which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 1st circuit structural example of the abrasion detection apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 2nd circuit structural example of the abrasion detection apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the abrasion detection apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating the understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.
[1. First Embodiment]

[1.1. Industrial machines subject to wear detection]
First, a specific example of an industrial machine to which the wear detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described.

  In general, an industrial machine includes various mechanisms that relatively move a plurality of members. Among these, in a sliding mechanism that slides while bringing one member into contact with the other member, both members wear due to friction at the sliding portion. The wear detection device according to the present embodiment is a wear state of a sliding portion of such an industrial machine, in particular, a wear state of a wear side component (sliding member) among a wear side component and a counter side component constituting the slide portion. It is for detecting. In the following, an example in which the wear side part slides with respect to the opposite side part will be described. For example, in a system in which a traveling body (automatic traveling carriage, train, etc.) moves on the rail, the wear side part is placed on the rail. In the case where the opposite side part slides with respect to the wear side part, for example, the opposite side part is constituted on the traveling body, and the wear is detected when passing the component part of the wear side part of the rail. It is included in this embodiment.

  Here, the sliding mechanism of the industrial machine may be any mechanism as long as a certain member and another member slide relative to each other, but includes, for example, a reciprocating mechanism and a rotating mechanism. It is. Here, the reciprocating mechanism is a cylinder mechanism in a reciprocating compressor, a reciprocating engine or the like, a slide mechanism using a guide rail in a machine tool or the like. The rotation mechanism includes various bearings (for example, thrust bearings) used for compressors, gas turbines, machine tool cutting tools, automobile tires and brake pads, machine tool clutches and brake pads, rolling mill rolls, and the like. .

  In the following explanation, an example of a piston and cylinder of a reciprocating compressor is mainly given as a sliding mechanism of an industrial machine, and a case where a wear side component to be detected for wear is a piston ring and a facing side component is a cylinder will be described. However, the wear detection target of the present invention is not limited to such an example.

  Here, a schematic configuration of a reciprocating compressor to which the wear detection device according to the present embodiment is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a cylinder mechanism of a reciprocating compressor 100 to which a wear detecting device according to this embodiment is applied.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the reciprocating compressor 100 includes a cylinder 101, a piston 102, a piston rod 103, a piston ring 104, a pull ring 105, a suction valve 106, and a discharge valve 107. The reciprocating compressor 100 may be an oilless type or an oiling type, but in this embodiment, an example of an oilless type compressor will be described.

  The cylinder 101 has, for example, a cylindrical shape, and a piston 102 is installed inside the cylinder 101 so as to be able to reciprocate. The cylinder 101 and the piston 102 are made of, for example, cast iron or aluminum alloy. The inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 101 is subjected to honing after hard chrome plating or metal spraying.

  The piston 102 is supported by the piston rod 103, and reciprocates up and down in the cylinder 101 by a crank mechanism (not shown) connected to the lower end of the piston rod 103. On the outer peripheral surface of the piston 102, for example, two upper and lower piston rings 104 and one pull ring 105 are provided at the center. The piston ring 104 and the pull ring 105 are made of carbon or polytetrafluoroethylene having lubricity in the material itself. The piston ring 104 is, for example, a gapless type that is divided into four or six parts, and an expander spring (not shown) is provided inside thereof. As a result, even if the wear of the piston ring 104 progresses, a gap is not formed, and the minimum required surface pressure can be maintained by the action of the spring, so that the allowable wear allowance can be increased and the life is extended. Can be planned. The pull ring 105 has a function of preventing the piston 102 and the cylinder 101 from coming into direct contact.

  The suction valve 106 and the discharge valve 107 open and close in accordance with the reciprocating motion of the piston 102 so as to compress gas in the space in the cylinder 101.

  When the reciprocating compressor 100 having the above-described configuration is operated, the piston 102 slides up and down (reciprocating) in the cylinder 101 while the suction valve 106 and the discharge valve 107 are appropriately opened and closed. Thereby, the gas (for example, air) suck | inhaled in the cylinder 101 can be compressed, and a high voltage | pressure gas can be manufactured.

  By the way, during the sliding movement of the piston 102, the piston ring 104 and the pull ring 105 on the outer periphery of the piston 102 come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 101 and rub against each other. Therefore, when the sliding motion of the piston 102 is repeated, the outer peripheral portions of the piston ring 104 and the pull ring 105 are gradually worn. For this reason, when the wear amount of the piston ring 104 and the pull ring 105 reaches the allowable wear allowance, it is necessary to replace these rings, and for that purpose, it is necessary to provide a device for detecting the wear amount. In the following description, an example in which the wear amount of the piston ring 104 of the reciprocating compressor 100 is detected by the wear detection device according to the present embodiment will be described.

[1.2. Configuration of wear detection device]
Next, the overall configuration of the wear detection device according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the wear detection device according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the wear detection device according to the present embodiment is installed in the vicinity of the sliding portion 1 of the industrial machine. The sliding part 1 of this industrial machine includes a wear-side component 2 and a facing-side component 3, and the wear-side component 2 periodically slides while at least partly contacting the facing-side component 3. In the illustrated example, the wear side component 2 reciprocates with a predetermined sliding stroke in a predetermined sliding direction (for example, the vertical direction in the figure) with respect to the opposing side component 3. At this time, the sliding surface 21 of the wear-side component 2 and the sliding surface 31 of the facing-side component 3 are in contact (in FIG. 2, they are shown as non-contact for convenience of explanation), and the above-described sliding. When the operation is repeated, the sliding surface 21 and the sliding surface 31 are rubbed and worn. For example, the industrial machine is the reciprocating compressor 100, the wear side component 2 is the piston ring 104 provided on the outer periphery of the piston 102 of the reciprocating compressor 100, and the facing side component 3 is the cylinder 101 of the reciprocating compressor 100. Think about the case. In this case, when the piston 102 reciprocates in the cylinder 101, the outer peripheral surface (that is, the sliding surface 21) of the piston ring 104 rubs against the inner peripheral surface (that is, the sliding surface 31) of the cylinder 101, and gradually. Wear.

  The wear detection device according to the present embodiment is for detecting the wear state of the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 that wears with the sliding operation as described above. As shown in FIG. 2, the wear detection device mainly includes a wear gauge 4, a wear side coil 5, a matching resistor 6, a counter side coil 7, a measurement circuit 8, and a control device 9. Each component of these wear detection devices is distributed and arranged in the wear side component 2 and the opposed side component 3 of the industrial machine.

  The wear side component 2 is provided with a wear gauge 4, a wear side coil 5 and a matching resistor 6 connected to the wear gauge 4. The wear gauge 4 has a function of detecting wear of the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2. The wear gauge 4 is provided in the vicinity of the sliding portion 1 of the wear side component 2, and the tip surface 41 a of the tip portion 41 of the wear gauge 4 is along the wear surface (that is, the slide surface 21) of the wear side component 2. Arranged. A wear detection line 43 to be described later is installed at the tip of the wear gauge 4. When the tip 41 of the wear gauge 4 is worn and the wear detection line 43 is disconnected, the wear side coil 5 is not electromagnetically coupled to the counter side coil 7, details of which will be described later.

  The wear side coil 5 is a coil provided in the wear side component 2. The wear-side coil 5 is electromagnetically coupled to the opposed-side coil 7 provided on the opposed-side component 3, thereby determining whether or not the wear detection line 43 of the wear gauge 4 is disconnected from the worn-side component 2. 3 is transmitted.

  The matching resistor 6 is a resistor provided on the wear side component 2 and has a function of matching the electromagnetic coupling between the wear side coil 5 and the counter side coil 7. The resistance value of the matching resistor 6 is set in accordance with the resistance value of the entire opposing side closed circuit 11 of the opposing part 3. For example, if the number of turns of the wear side coil 5 and the number of turns of the opposed coil 7 are approximately the same, the resistance value of the matching resistor 6 is the resistance value of the current measuring resistor 13 and the internal resistance of the AC power source 12. A sum of the resistance value is preferable. Thereby, since the resistance value of the wear side closed circuit 10 as a whole and the resistance value of the counter side closed circuit 11 as a whole are approximately the same, the detection sensitivity of the counter part 3 can be increased.

  The wear side coil 5 and the matching resistor 6 are connected to the wear gauge 4 to constitute a wear side closed circuit 10 (hereinafter referred to as a closed circuit 10). In the closed circuit 10, the wear side coil 5 and the matching resistor 6 are connected in series. Further, the wear side coil 5 and the matching resistor 6 are arranged along the facing surface 22 of the wear side component 2 with respect to the facing side component 3. The facing surface 22 and the sliding surface 21 are parallel, and there may be a step between the facing surface 22 and the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 as shown in the figure, or they may be flush with each other.

  On the other hand, the opposing side component 3 is provided with an opposing side coil 7, a measurement circuit 8, and a control device 9. Further, the opposing coil 7 is electromagnetically coupled to the wear side coil 5 provided on the wear side component 2 so as to receive from the wear side component 2 whether or not the wear detection line 43 of the wear gauge 4 is disconnected. It has the function to do. The opposing coil 7 is connected to an AC power source 12 and a current measuring resistor 13 to constitute an opposing closed circuit 11 (hereinafter referred to as a closed circuit 11). The AC power supply 12 applies an AC voltage to the closed circuit 11. The current measuring resistor 13 is a resistor for measuring the current flowing through the closed circuit 11 by the AC power supply 12 as a voltage converted value.

  The facing coil 7 is disposed along the facing surface 32 of the facing part 3 with respect to the wear side part 2. The facing surface 32 and the sliding surface 31 are parallel to each other, and the facing surface 32 and the sliding surface 31 of the facing-side component 3 may be flush with each other as shown in the figure, or the facing surface 32 and the sliding surface 31 may be flush with each other. There may be a step between them. A predetermined gap is provided between the facing surface 22 and the facing surface 32, but the facing surface 22 and the facing surface 32 may be in contact with each other due to structural limitations of the sliding portion 1. The facing side coil 7 is paired with the wear side coil 5 of the wear side component 2. Then, when the wear side component 2 slides and moves to a predetermined position, the wear side component 2 and the opposite side coil 5 face each other so that the wear side coil 5 and the opposite side coil 7 face each other within a predetermined distance range. The arrangement of the wear side coil 5 and the counter side coil 7 in the side part 3 is adjusted. Further, the wear side coil 5 and the opposed side coil 7 are arranged so that the coil axis of the wear side coil 5 and the coil axis of the opposed side coil 7 are parallel to each other.

  With this arrangement, when the wear side component 2 slides in the sliding direction (for example, the vertical direction in the figure), the wear side coil 5 and the opposed coil 7 move relative to each other in the sliding direction and approach each other. Or separate. Thereby, when the wear side coil 5 and the opposed coil 7 approach each other within a predetermined distance, they are electromagnetically coupled to each other, but when they are separated to some extent, the electromagnetic coupling is lost.

  This electromagnetic coupling will be described in more detail. During the sliding of the facing part 3, an alternating current voltage is applied to the closed circuit 11 of the facing part 3 by the alternating current power supply 12, so that a steady alternating current flows in the facing coil 7. Then, as the facing part 3 slides with respect to the wear side part 2, the wear side coil 5 approaches the facing side coil 7 in the sliding direction and passes in the sliding direction. At this time, the wear-side coil 5 is excited by the facing coil 7, an inductive load is generated in the facing coil 7, and the current flowing through the closed circuit 11 including the facing coil 7 is temporarily reduced. This state is a state in which the opposed coil 7 and the wear side coil 5 are electromagnetically coupled. Thereafter, if the wear-side coil 5 is separated from the counter-side coil 7 to some extent, the inductive load disappears, and the alternating current flowing through the counter-side coil 7 returns to a steady state.

  The wear side coil 5 and the counter side coil 7 can be electromagnetically coupled as described above because the wear detection line 43 of the wear gauge 4 is not disconnected and the closed circuit 10 is conductive. Is the time. That is, when the wear detection line 43 is disconnected, no current flows in the closed circuit 10, so that the wear side coil 5 is not substantially excited by the facing side coil 7, and an inductive load is also applied to the facing side coil 7. Does not occur. On the other hand, when the wear detection line 43 is not broken, the wear side coil 5 is excited as described above, and an inductive load is generated in the counter side coil 7.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 3, a specific example in which the current flowing through the closed circuit 11 decreases due to electromagnetic coupling between the wear side coil 5 and the opposed side coil 7 will be described. FIG. 3 shows a waveform of a potential difference (voltage waveform after rectification by the measurement circuit 8 described later) generated at both ends of the current measurement resistor 13 of the closed circuit 11 when the wear side coil 5 and the opposite side coil 7 pass each other. FIG. 3A shows a voltage waveform in the case where electromagnetic coupling between the coils does not occur because the wear detection line 43 is broken. FIG. 3B shows the wear detection line 43 broken. This is a voltage waveform when electromagnetic coupling between coils occurs.

When the wear detection line 43 is disconnected, even if the wear side coil 5 and the opposed coil 7 pass each other, they are not electromagnetically coupled, and no inductive load is generated in the opposed coil 7. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the voltage across the current measurement resistor 13 is somewhat increases or decreases is substantially constant value V _0. On the other hand, when the wear detection line 43 is not disconnected, when the wear side coil 5 and the opposite side coil 7 pass each other, they are electromagnetically coupled to each other, so that an inductive load is generated in the opposite side coil 7. For this reason, as shown in FIG.3 (b), the voltage of the both ends of the resistance 13 for electric current measurement falls large. At this time, the voltage value greatly recovered at the beginning when the two coils pass each other, recovers somewhat, and maintains a voltage value V ₁ lower than the steady state for a predetermined time. Thereafter, when the passing between the two coils is completed, The voltage rises greatly and becomes a steady-state voltage value V ₀ . Therefore, if such a decrease in voltage from V ₀ to V ₁ (that is, a decrease in current flowing through the closed circuit 11) is detected, it can be determined that the wear detection line 43 is not broken.

  As described above, the wear-side coil 5 and the counter-side coil 7 are electromagnetically coupled to each other, so that information on wear detected by the wear gauge 4 is not contacted from the wear-side component 2 to the counter-side component 3. It functions as a means of transmission.

  Further, in order to reliably perform the electromagnetic coupling described above, when the wear side component 2 moves to a predetermined position in the sliding stroke, the coil axis of the wear side coil 5 and the coil axis of the counter side coil 7 are It is only necessary that they are parallel to each other and that the wear side coil 5 and the facing side coil 7 are accessible within a predetermined distance. Furthermore, in order to continue this electromagnetic coupling for as long as possible, as shown in FIG. 2, the coil axis of the wear side coil 5 and the coil axis of the opposed side coil 7 are moved relative to the sliding direction of the wear side component 2. Are preferably parallel. Thereby, when the wear side component 2 is slid, the wear side coil 5 and the opposed side coil 7 pass in the coil axial direction, so that it is possible to ensure a long time for the electromagnetic coupling between them. Accordingly, the time during which the current flowing through the closed circuit 11 decreases and the time that can be detected by the control device 9 described later also increases, so that the current decrease in the counter-side coil 7 can be detected easily and accurately. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the coil axis of the wear side coil 5 and the coil axis of the opposed side coil 7 may be orthogonal to or inclined with respect to the sliding direction. Thus, it is possible to realize a current drop.

  A control device 9 is connected to the closed circuit 11 including the opposed coil 7 of the opposed component 3 via a measuring circuit 8. The measurement circuit 8 is connected to both ends of the current measurement resistor 13, measures the alternating current flowing through the current measurement resistor 13 as a voltage conversion value, and outputs a measurement signal to the control device 9.

  Here, a specific example of the measurement circuit 8 will be described with reference to FIG. The measurement circuit 8 in the example illustrated in FIG. 4 includes a rectifier circuit 81, a comparator 82, a delay circuit 83, and a comparator 84. The rectifier circuit 81 is configured by a bridge rectifier circuit including, for example, four diodes, and is connected to both ends of the current measurement resistor 13. The rectifier circuit 81 rectifies the alternating current flowing through the current measuring resistor 13 into a direct current. A delay circuit 83 and comparators 82 and 84 are connected to the rectifier circuit 81.

The comparator 82 compares a DC voltage corresponding to the DC current rectified by the rectifier circuit 81 with a predetermined reference voltage value Vref, and outputs a signal indicating the comparison result (hereinafter referred to as a measurement signal) to the control device 9. . For example, the comparator 82 outputs a High signal if the voltage value of the DC voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage value Vref, and outputs a Low signal if the voltage value is less than the reference voltage value Vref. Here, the reference voltage value Vref may be set to V ₁ <Vref <V ₀ .

The delay circuit 83 and the comparator 84 generate a detection timing signal indicating the detection timing by the control signal 9 by delaying the DC voltage signal obtained by the rectification circuit 81 by a predetermined time. As shown in FIG. 3 (b), after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of the decrease in the current flowing through the current measurement resistor 13 (that is, the decrease in the voltage applied to the current measurement resistor 13), the voltage drop a certain time stable, the voltage value becomes V _1. The detection timing signal is, for example, a rising or falling signal indicating the time when the current drop is stabilized (for example, time A in FIG. 3B). The measurement signal is input to the control device 9 from the comparator 82. The control device 9 determines at which point of the measurement signal the voltage drop of the closed circuit 11 is determined. There is a need to. Therefore, the delay circuit 83 delays the rectified DC voltage signal, and the comparator 84 compares the delayed signal with the reference voltage value Vref, thereby generating the detection timing signal and Provide timing to judge.

  The control device 9 is configured by an arithmetic device such as a microcomputer, for example. The control device 9 has a function of detecting the wear state of the wear gauge 4 (that is, the wear state of the wear side component 2) based on the current flowing through the current measuring resistor 13 of the closed circuit 11. Specifically, the control device 9 is based on the detection timing signal input from the delay circuit 83, based on the signal value at the detection timing among the measurement signals input from the comparator 82 of the measurement circuit 8. The wear state of the wear gauge 4 is detected.

  As described with reference to FIG. 3, the value of the current flowing through the closed circuit 11 (that is, the voltage difference between both ends of the current measuring resistor 13) is the disconnection state of the wear gauge 4 (that is, the wear state of the wear gauge 4). There is a correlation. When the wear gauge 4 is worn out and disconnected, and the closed circuit 10 is not conductive, the wear side coil 5 and the opposed coil 7 are not electromagnetically coupled, so the value of the current flowing through the closed circuit 11 does not decrease. On the other hand, when the wear gauge 4 is not disconnected, the wear side coil 5 and the counter side coil 7 are electromagnetically coupled, so that the value of the current flowing through the closed circuit 11 decreases.

  Therefore, the control device 9 determines the wear state of the wear gauge 4 by detecting whether or not the value of the current flowing through the closed circuit 11 has decreased during one sliding stroke of the wear side component 2. Can do. For example, when a current drop occurs at the above detection timing during one sliding stroke, the control device 9 determines that the tip 41 of the wear gauge 4 has not been worn to the position of the wear detection line 43. To do. On the other hand, when no current drop occurs at the detection timing during one sliding stroke, the control device 9 wears the tip 41 of the wear gauge 4 at least beyond the position of the wear detection line 43. Judge.

[1.3. Wear gauge configuration]
Next, the configuration of the wear gauge 4 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the wear gauge 4 is installed on the wear-side component 2 that is a wear detection target, and measures the wear of the tip portion 41. If the tip 41 of the wear gauge 4 is exposed to the wear detection target part (that is, the sliding surface 21 of the wear side part 2), the wear gauge 4 may be embedded in the wear side part 2 or wear. You may affix on the side surface of the side component 2. FIG. The distal end portion 41 of the wear gauge 4 is one end portion in the longitudinal direction of the wear gauge 4 and is a portion that wears with the wear detection target portion. In the present embodiment, the tip portion 41 of the wear gauge 4 is disposed along the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2, and the tip surface 41 a (end surface of the tip portion 41) of the wear gauge 4 is slid on the wear side component 2. It is flush with the moving surface 21.

  The main body of the wear gauge 4 is made of, for example, a rectangular printed board, and can be manufactured using a general printed board manufacturing technique. If the material of a printed circuit board is an insulating material, it can select suitably according to the material of the wear side components 2 which are abrasion detection objects, such as glass epoxy. Such a printed board may be a rigid board or a flexible board. When a rigid board is used, the wear gauge 4 itself has a certain degree of rigidity, so that the wear gauge 4 can be fixed to the detection target portion of the wear side component 2 without using a special holding member. It becomes. On the other hand, when a film-like flexible substrate is used, the wear gauge 4 can be freely deformed, so that it can be freely attached to the detection target portion of the wear side component 2. Further, since it is in the form of a film, the wear powder generated from the wear gauge 4 is minute and can be made of a softer material than the wear side component 2, so that the wear side component 2 and the opposed side component 3 are worn. The effect is very small.

  A printed line 42 is formed on the substrate surface of the wear gauge 4. The print line 42 is an example of a wiring that transmits an electrical signal, and is extended so as to go around the substrate outer edge portion of the wear gauge 4. Of the print line 42, the portion disposed at the tip 41 of the wear gauge 4 constitutes a wear detection line 43. The wear detection line 43 extends in parallel with the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 at the tip 41 of the wear gauge 4. The wear detection line 43 may be disposed so as to be exposed on the front end surface 41a of the wear gauge 4, or may be disposed on the inner side of the front end surface 41a by a predetermined distance L corresponding to a desired amount of wear. A distance L between the wear detection line 43 and the tip surface 41a of the wear gauge 4 is a wear amount (reference wear amount) that can be detected by the wear gauge 4.

  The wear detection line 43 according to this embodiment is linear, but is not limited to this example. If at least a part of the wear detection line is arranged along the tip surface 41a of the wear gauge 4, the shape of the wear detection line is curved, wavy, The shape may be any shape such as a V shape or a U shape.

  Both ends of the print line 42 of the wear gauge 4 are connected to the closed circuit 10 including the wear side coil 5 and the matching resistor 6 via a pair of terminals 44, 44. Therefore, if the wear detection line 43 is not disconnected, the wear side coil 5 and the counter side coil 7 are electromagnetically coupled, the wear side coil 5 is excited, and an induced electromotive force is generated in the wear side coil 5 to close it. A current flows through the circuit 10 and the printed line 42. As a result, the wear side coil 5 becomes an inductive load for the facing side coil 7, and the current flowing through the closed circuit 11 of the facing side component 3 can be reduced.

  Further, the substrate on which the closed circuit 10 including the wear side coil 5 and the matching resistor 6 is mounted and the substrate on which the wear gauge 4 is mounted may be separated, and both may be separated as much as possible. This makes it difficult for the wear powder on the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 and the wear gauge 4 to reach the vicinity of the wear side coil 5, so that the wear powder is electromagnetically generated between the wear side coil 5 and the opposed side coil 7. The electromagnetic coupling can be stably realized by suppressing the interference with the coupling. Furthermore, since the substrate on which the wear gauge 4 and the closed circuit 10 are mounted can be individually maintained (replaced), it is convenient.

  The configuration and arrangement of the wear gauge 4 have been described above. By installing the wear gauge 4 on the wear-side component 2, when the wear-side component 2 slides, the tip 41 of the wear gauge 4 is similarly applied along with the wear of the sliding surface 21 of the wear-side component 2. Wear. Therefore, if the wear progresses, the wear detection line 43 at the tip 41 of the wear gauge 4 is worn and disconnected, and no current flows through the closed circuit 10 and the print line 42. As described above, the wear gauge 4 according to the present embodiment utilizes the presence or absence of the disconnection of the wear detection line 43 to wear the tip portion 41, that is, the sliding of the wear side component 2 that is a wear detection target portion. The wear state of the surface 21 is detected. Further, the wear gauge 4 transmits information indicating a wear state depending on whether or not a current flows through the internal circuit.

[1.4. Wear detection method using wear detector]
Next, a method for detecting the wear state of the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 using the wear detection device according to the present embodiment will be described.

  When an industrial machine, for example, the reciprocating compressor 100 shown in FIG. 1 is operated and the piston 102 repeatedly slides in the cylinder 101, the outer peripheral surface of the piston ring 104 (the sliding surface of the wear side component 2) is caused by the sliding operation. 21) rubs against the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 101 (sliding surface 31 of the opposed part 3), and wear of the sliding surface 21 gradually proceeds.

  At this time, if the wear amount of the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 is less than the reference wear amount, the wear detection line 43 of the wear gauge 4 is not broken. Therefore, in the wear side component 2, when the opposed coil 7 approaches the wear side coil 5, an induced electromotive force is generated in the wear side coil 5, and a current can flow through the closed circuit 10. On the other hand, in the facing component 3, an alternating current always flows in the closed circuit 11 by supplying power from the alternating current power supply 12.

  During the sliding operation, the wear side component 2 reciprocates with a predetermined sliding stroke in the sliding direction (for example, the vertical direction in FIG. 2) with respect to the opposing side component 3, and the opposing surfaces 22 and 32 of the both sides are moved. Although they are parallel to each other, they move relative to each other in the sliding direction. For this reason, the wear side coil 5 of the wear side component 2 is arranged at a position facing the opposed side coil 7 of the opposed side component 3, or is arranged at a position shifted upward or downward in the drawing. repeat.

  In the course of the sliding operation, the wear side coil 5 of the wear side component 2 and the facing side coil 7 of the facing side component 3 face each other. At this time, the wear-side coil 5 is electromagnetically coupled to the opposed coil 7 to generate an induced electromotive force, and a current flows through the closed circuit 10 and the printed line 42 due to the induced electromotive force. That is, due to the electromagnetic coupling between the wear side coil 5 and the facing side coil 7, power is supplied from the AC power supply 12 of the facing side component 3 to the matching resistor 6 of the wear side component 2.

  Thus, when the wear side coil 5 and the counter side coil 7 pass each other periodically, an electrical load (inductive load of the wear side coil 5 at the coupling destination) is generated on the counter side coil 7, so that the counter side component 3 is closed. The current flowing through the circuit 11 is reduced. As a result, the current value of the closed circuit 11 measured by the measurement circuit 8 is transmitted to the control device 9, and the control device 9 detects the current drop of the closed circuit 11, thereby detecting the wear detection line 43 of the wear gauge 4. Can be detected that the wear amount of the tip 41 of the wear gauge 4 and the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 has not reached the reference wear amount.

  On the other hand, if the wear of the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 progresses due to the sliding of the wear side component 2 and the wear amount exceeds the reference wear amount, the wear gauge 4 is used for wear detection. Line 43 is worn out and disconnected. When the wear detection line 43 is disconnected in this way, the electrical resistance of the print line 42 becomes infinite (insulated), and the closed circuit 10 does not conduct. Therefore, even if the wear-side coil 5 approaches the counter-side coil 7, the currents of the closed circuit 11 of the counter-side component 3 do not decrease because they are not electromagnetically coupled.

  Therefore, in this case, even if the wear side component 2 slides for one stroke or more, the current of the closed circuit 11 of the facing side component 3 does not decrease and maintains a substantially constant value. Therefore, the control device 9 detects that the current of the closed circuit 11 is not temporarily reduced, so that the wear detection line 43 is disconnected, that is, the tip 41 of the wear gauge 4 and the wear side component 2. It can be detected that the wear amount of the sliding surface 21 exceeds the reference wear amount.

[1.5. effect]
As described above, according to the wear detection device according to the first embodiment, the wear of the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 is detected by detecting the disconnection of the circuit when the wear detection line 43 is worn. It can be detected that the amount is not less than the reference wear amount. Since the wear detection method is a simple method using the disconnection of the wear detection line 43, it is resistant to disturbances such as vibration and moisture adhesion, and wear determination is easy. In addition, since the actual wear amount of the wear detection target is measured using the wear gauge 4, accurate measurement without error is possible.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, information on the wear state obtained by the wear gauge 4 is not obtained using the electromagnetic coupling of the pair of coils between the wear-side component 2 and the opposed-side component 3 that move relative to each other. It is possible to transmit by contact. For this reason, the control device 9 installed in the facing side component 3 continuously measures the current flowing through the closed circuit 11 of the facing side component 3 during the sliding stroke of the wear side component 2 to temporarily store the current. By detecting the presence or absence of a general decrease, it is possible to detect whether the wear gauge 4 is disconnected, that is, whether the wear side component 2 is worn. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately detect the wear state of the wear-side component 2 by the control device 9 of the facing-side component 3 without electrically connecting the wear-side component 2 and the facing-side component 3 using wiring, terminals, or the like. Is possible.

  Further, by providing the wear side coil 5 on the wear side component 2 and installing the counter side coil 7 and the AC power source 12 on the opposite side component 3, power is supplied from the opposite side component 3 to the wear side component 2 in a non-contact manner. can do. Therefore, since it is not necessary to electrically connect the wear side component 2 and the facing side component 3 using a power supply line, the power supply structure for the wear side component 2 which is a sliding member can be simplified and stabilized. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to install a power source such as a battery on the wear side component 2, maintenance work such as replacement of the battery in the wear side component 2 can be omitted, and the wear side component 2 can be omitted without worrying about the life of the battery. Can be stably fed.

  In addition, the wear detection method according to the present embodiment can detect the wear state of the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 during operation of the industrial machine, that is, during the sliding operation of the wear side component 2. Therefore, since the wear state of the wear side component 2 can be detected in real time without stopping the sliding operation of the wear side component 2, the operating rate of the industrial machine can be improved and the time and cost for wear detection can be reduced. it can.

[2. Second Embodiment]
Next, a wear detection apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The wear detection device according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a plurality of wear detection lines are provided in the wear gauge and the wear amount of the wear side part is detected stepwise. Other functional configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

[2.1. Wear gauge configuration]
First, with reference to FIG. 5, the abrasion gauge 40 which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the wear gauge 40 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the main body of the wear gauge 40 according to the second embodiment is made of, for example, a rectangular printed board, and can be manufactured using a general printed board manufacturing technique. The kind and material of this printed circuit board can be the same as those of the wear gauge 4 according to the first embodiment.

  A plurality of print lines 42 </ b> A to 42 </ b> E (hereinafter may be collectively referred to as “print lines 42”) are formed on the substrate surface of the wear gauge 40. Of these print lines 42A to 42E, portions disposed at the tip 41 of the wear gauge 40 constitute wear detection lines 43A to 43E, respectively. One end of each print line 42 (that is, the end of each wear detection line 43A to 43E) is connected to an external connection terminal 47A to 47E, respectively. The other end of each print line 42 is connected to one common print line 45, and the end of the common print line 45 is connected to a common terminal 46 for external connection.

  As described above, a plurality of wear detection lines 43 </ b> A to 43 </ b> E (hereinafter, may be collectively referred to as “wear detection lines 43”) are mutually provided at the distal end portion 41 of the wear gauge 40 according to the second embodiment. Are arranged at intervals. Each of the plurality of wear detection lines 43 is arranged in parallel with the sliding direction of the wear side component 2 and the tip surface 41a.

  The wear detection line 43 </ b> A is formed at a position (distance L <b> 1) closest to the tip surface 41 a of the wear gauge 40. In the illustrated example, the distance L1 between the wear detection line 43A and the tip surface 41a is greater than zero, but the wear detection line 43A may be exposed to the tip surface 41a with L1 = 0. The wear detection line 43B is formed at a position of a distance L2 from the distal end surface 41a. Similarly, the other wear detection lines 43C, 43D, and 43E are formed at distances L3, L4, and L5 from the distal end surface 41a, respectively. Each of the distances L1 to L5 is longer as the ordinal number is larger. The distances L1 to L5 between the wear detection lines 43A to 43E and the tip surface 41a of the wear gauge 40 are wear amounts that can be detected by the wear gauge 40.

  In the illustrated example, five wear detection lines 43 are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and an arbitrary plurality of wear detection lines 43 may be provided. Further, the shape of the wear detection line 43 is not limited to the linear shape as shown in the figure, and may be any shape such as a curved shape, a wavy shape, a V shape, and a U shape according to the shape and range of the wear detection target portion. It may be a shape. Furthermore, the mutual interval between the wear detection lines 43 can be arbitrarily set according to the amount of wear to be detected.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the wear gauge 40 is installed on the wear-side component 2 that is a wear detection target. At this time, the tip portion 41 of the wear gauge 40 is disposed along the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2, and the tip surface 41a of the wear gauge 40 is a slide surface of the wear side component 2 that is a wear detection target site. 21 and the same level. The distal end portion 41 of the wear gauge 40 is worn together with the wear detection target portion, and the wear amount of the wear detection target portion is measured stepwise by the plurality of wear detection lines 43 being worn stepwise.

  FIG. 5B shows a state where the tip 41 of the wear gauge 40 is worn away from the tip 41a by a distance L6 (L1 <L6 <L2). In this case, since the outermost wear detection line 43A is worn out, the print line 42A is disconnected, but the inner wear detection lines 43B to 43E are not worn, and the print lines 42B to 42E. Is conducting. As described above, the wear gauge 40 can measure the amount of wear at the wear detection target portion (the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2) stepwise depending on whether or not the plurality of wear detection lines 43 are disconnected.

  During the operation of the industrial machine, the sliding of the wear side part 2 and the facing part 3 causes the wear of the sliding surface 21 of the wear side part 2, and the tip 41 of the wear gauge 40 is also worn. When the wear amount exceeds L1, the wear detection line 43A closest to the sliding surface 21 is worn out and disconnected, and the conduction of the print line 42A is interrupted. Further, along with the wear of the wear side component 2, when the wear gauge 40 is further worn and the wear amount exceeds L2, the next wear detection line 43B is also worn out and disconnected. Similarly, as the wear of the wear gauge 40 further progresses, the wear detection lines 43C, 43D, and 43E are sequentially worn out and disconnected, whereby it is possible to measure that the wear amount has exceeded L3 to L5.

  Since the wear amounts L1 to L5 of the tip portion 41 of the wear gauge 40 are the same as the wear amount of the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2, the wear amount of the tip portion 41 of the wear gauge 40 is measured stepwise. Thus, the wear amount of the wear side component 2 can be detected stepwise. As described above, the wear gauge 40 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the wear amount of the wear-side component 2 can be continuously measured in multiple stages using the disconnection of the plurality of wear detection lines 43. Below, the circuit structure for transmitting the measurement information by this wear gauge 40 to the control apparatus 9 is demonstrated. In the following circuit configuration example, for convenience of explanation, an example in which three wear detection lines 43 are provided in the wear gauge 40 will be described. However, in the case where five wear detection lines 43A to 43E are provided as shown in FIG. The same applies to the case where any other plural wear detection lines 43 are provided.

[2.2. First Circuit Configuration Example and Operation of Wear Detection Device]
First, a first circuit configuration example of a wear detection device corresponding to the wear gauge 40 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a first circuit configuration example of the wear detection device according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the first circuit configuration example, a plurality of wear detection circuits are installed on the wear side component 2 so as to correspond to the plurality of wear detection lines 43A to 43C of the wear gauge 40, respectively. ing. On the other hand, in the facing component 3, only one wear detection circuit is installed and shared. That is, the wear detection device of the first circuit configuration example includes a plurality of pairs of wear-side coils 5A to 5C and matching resistors 6A to 6C installed on the wear-side component 2, and a pair of facing electrodes installed on the facing-side component 3. A side coil 7 and a measurement circuit 8 are provided.

  In the wear side component 2, three closed circuits 10A to 10C are provided corresponding to the three wear detection lines 43A to 43C. In each closed circuit 10A to 10C, a pair of wear side coils 5A to 5C and matching resistors 6A to 6C are installed. For example, the closed circuit 10A includes a wear side coil 5A and a matching resistor 6A, and both ends of the closed circuit 10A are connected to the wear detection line 43A via a common terminal 46 and a terminal 47A of the wear gauge 40. . Since the current flows through the closed circuit 10A when the wear detection line 43A is conductive, the wear side coil 5A can be electromagnetically coupled to the opposing coil 7. However, when the wear detection line 43A is disconnected, the closed circuit 10A is switched to the closed circuit 10A. Since no current flows, the wear side coil 5 </ b> A cannot be electromagnetically coupled to the facing side coil 7. The same applies to the other wear detection lines 43B to 43C and the wear side coils 5B to 5C.

  On the other hand, the opposed component 3 is provided with only one closed circuit 11 as in the first embodiment, and the closed circuit 11 includes the opposed coil 7, the AC power supply 12, and a current measuring device. A resistor 13 is installed. The three wear side coils 5 </ b> A to 5 </ b> C of the wear side component 2 are arranged side by side in the sliding direction of the wear side component 2, and the facing side coil 7 of the facing side component 3 slides on the wear side component 2. It arrange | positions so that it may each oppose with respect to the three wear side coils 5A-5C inside. A measurement circuit 8 (see FIG. 4) is connected to both ends of the current measurement resistor 13 of the closed circuit 11, and the closed circuit 11 is connected to the control device 9 via the measurement circuit 8. As a result, a measurement signal obtained by measuring the current value flowing through the current measuring resistor 13 of the closed circuit 11 is input to the input terminal of the control device 9.

  With the circuit configuration as described above, during the sliding of the wear side component 2, the facing side coil 7 of the facing side component 3 sequentially passes the respective wear side coils 5A to 5C of the wear side component 2. At this time, if the wear detection lines 43A to 43C are not disconnected, the opposed coil 7 and the worn coils 5A to 5C are sequentially electromagnetically coupled, and at the time of coupling, the closed circuit of the opposed component 3 is closed. 11 temporarily decreases. In the illustrated example, when the opposing coil 7 passes the three wear-side coils 5A to 5C during one sliding stroke, current reduction occurs three times in total, once each.

  On the other hand, when at least one of the wear detection lines 43 </ b> A to 43 </ b> C is disconnected, the wear side coil 5 connected to the disconnected wear detection line 43 is not electromagnetically coupled to the opposed coil 7. For this reason, even if the said wear side coil 5 and the opposing coil 7 pass, the electric current fall of the closed circuit 11 of the opposing component 3 does not generate | occur | produce. For example, when the wear detection line 43A is disconnected, even if the wear side coil 5A and the opposite side coil 7 pass each other, the wear side coil 5A is not electromagnetically coupled to the opposite side coil 7, so that it is closed. A current drop in the circuit 11 does not occur. The same applies to the other wear detection lines 43B to 43C and the wear side coils 5B to 5C.

  Therefore, the number of occurrences of current drop in the closed circuit 11 is reduced by the number of wear detection lines 43 that are disconnected due to wear. For example, when the wear detection line 43A is disconnected and the wear detection lines 43B and 43C are conductive, the number of times the current drop of the closed circuit 11 occurs during one sliding stroke is two. In addition, when the wear detection lines 43A and 43B are disconnected and the wear detection line 43C is conductive, the number of occurrences of current drop in the closed circuit 11 during one sliding stroke is one. When all of the wear detection lines 43A to 43C are disconnected, the current drop in the closed circuit 11 does not occur.

  As described above, the wear detection lines 43A to 43C of the wear gauge 40 are disconnected by using the number of occurrences of the current drop of the closed circuit 11 due to the electromagnetic coupling between the wear side coils 5A to 5C and the opposed coil 7. Can be transmitted from the wear-side component 2 to the opposite-side component 3. Therefore, the control device 9 detects the presence or absence of disconnection of the wear detection lines 43A to 43C based on the number of times the current drop of the closed circuit 11 occurs during one sliding stroke, and wears the wear side component 2. It is possible to detect step by step how much the amount is in the range of 0 to L3.

  As described above, the measurement circuit 8 outputs a measurement signal indicating the measurement result of the current drop of the closed circuit 11 to the control device 9. When none of the wear detection lines 43 </ b> A to 43 </ b> C is disconnected, a measurement signal indicating a current drop three times during one sliding stroke is input to the input terminal of the control device 9. The three current drops indicate that the opposing coil 7 is electromagnetically coupled to all the wear side coils 5A to 5C connected to the wear detection lines 43A to 43C.

  The control device 9 detects the value of the measurement signal based on the detection timing signal input from the measurement circuit 8, and compares the detected value with a preset threshold value to determine whether there is a current drop. . And the control apparatus 9 determines the presence or absence of the disconnection of the three wear detection lines 43A-43C by counting the frequency | count of occurrence of the electric current fall in one sliding stroke. For example, when the number of occurrences of the current drop is 3, the control device 9 indicates that all the wear detection lines 43A to 43C are not disconnected and the wear amount of the wear side component 2 is less than L1. judge. On the other hand, when the number of occurrences of the current drop is two times, the control device 9 causes the wear detection line 43A to be disconnected, and the other wear detection lines 43B and 43C are not disconnected. 2 is determined to be greater than or equal to L1 and less than L2 (see FIG. 5). Although not shown, the controller 9 can determine whether or not the wear detection lines 43A to 43C are disconnected and the amount of wear in the same manner when the number of occurrences of current drop is 1 or 0. .

  As described above, the control device 9 can detect whether or not the wear detection lines 43 </ b> A to 43 </ b> C are disconnected based on the number of occurrences of the current drop of the closed circuit 11 during one sliding stroke. The wear state of the wear side component 2 can be detected in multiple stages by the control device 9 of the facing side component 3 as described above.

  Further, according to the first circuit configuration example, the circuit for detecting wear of the facing part 3 (the facing coil 7, the AC power source 12, the closed circuit 11, and the measuring circuit 8) is shared. As a result, by providing only one wear detection circuit for the facing component 3, it is possible to reduce the number of electronic components and achieve cost reduction compared to the second circuit configuration example described below. Furthermore, since only one input to the control device 9 is required, an inexpensive control device can be applied, and the applicable range is expanded.

[2.3. Second Circuit Configuration Example and Operation of Wear Detection Device]
Next, a second circuit configuration example of the wear detection device corresponding to the wear gauge 40 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a second circuit configuration example of the wear detection device according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the second circuit configuration example, a plurality of wear detection circuits are installed in the wear side component 2 so as to correspond to the plurality of wear detection lines 43A to 43C of the wear gauge 40, respectively. In addition, a plurality of wear detection circuits are also installed in the facing part 3. That is, the wear detection device of the second circuit configuration example includes a plurality of pairs of wear-side coils 5A to 5C and matching resistors 6A to 6C installed on the wear-side component 2, and a plurality of pairs installed on the facing-side component 3. Opposing side coils 7A to 7C and measuring circuits 8A to 8C are provided.

  In the wear side component 2, three closed circuits 10A to 10C are provided corresponding to the three wear detection lines 43A to 43C, and each of the closed circuits 10A to 10C includes a pair of wear side coils 5A to 5C. Matching resistors 6A to 6C are installed. Since the circuit configuration of the wear side component 2 is the same as that of the first circuit configuration example (see FIG. 6), detailed description thereof is omitted.

  On the other hand, in the opposite side component 3, three closed circuits 11A to 11C are provided corresponding to the three wear detection lines 43A to 43C, and each of the closed circuits 11A to 11C includes an opposite side coil. 7A to 7C, AC power supplies 12A to 12C, and current measuring resistors 13A to 13C are installed, respectively. The opposing coils 7 </ b> A to 7 </ b> C are arranged to be able to face the wear side coils 5 </ b> A to 5 </ b> C of the wear side component 2, respectively. In the illustrated example, the wear side coil 5A and the facing coil 7B face each other, and at the same time, the wear side coil 5B and the facing coil 7B face each other, and the wear side coil 5C and the facing coil 7C face each other.

  Further, measurement circuits 8A to 8C are connected to both ends of the current measurement resistors 13A to 13C of the closed circuits 11A to 11C, respectively, and the closed circuits 11A to 11C are connected via the measurement circuits 8A to 8C, respectively. It is connected to the control device 9 independently. Thereby, a measurement signal obtained by measuring a current value flowing through the current measurement resistors 13A to 13C of the closed circuits 11A to 11C is input to the input terminal of the control device 9.

  With the circuit configuration as described above, during the sliding of the wear side component 2, the facing side coils 7A to 7C of the facing side component 3 pass each other simultaneously with the wear side coils 5A to 5C of the wear side component 2. . At this time, if the wear detection lines 43A to 43C are not disconnected, the three pairs of opposed coils 7A to 7C and the wear-side coils 5A to 5C are electromagnetically coupled at the same time. The alternating current flowing through the closed circuits 11A to 11C of the component 3 temporarily decreases.

  On the other hand, when at least one of the wear detection lines 43A to 43C is disconnected, the wear side coil 5 connected to the disconnected wear detection line 43 is not electromagnetically coupled to the corresponding opposing coil 7. The current drop of the closed circuit 11 including the counter coil 7 does not occur. For example, when the wear detection line 43A is disconnected, even if the wear side coil 5A and the opposite side coil 7A pass each other, the wear side coil 5A is not electromagnetically coupled to the opposite side coil 7A. The current drop of the circuit 11A does not occur. The same applies to the other wear detection lines 43B to 43C, the wear side coils 5B to 5C, and the closed circuits 11B to 11C.

  In such a circuit configuration, each of the three opposed coils 7A to 7C and the three worn coils 5A to 5C are made to correspond to each other, and each pair of the opposed coils 7 and the worn coils 5 that are simultaneously opposed to each other is used to detect each wear. It is preferable to individually detect the presence or absence of disconnection of the lines 43A to 43C. That is, the pair of wear side coils 5A and the counter side coil 7A detect the presence or absence of disconnection of the wear detection line 43A, and the pair of wear side coils 5B and the counter side coil 7B detect the presence or absence of disconnection of the wear detection line 43B. The presence or absence of disconnection of the wear detection line 43C may be detected by the pair of wear side coils 5C and the opposed side coil 7C. Accordingly, even when the sliding stroke of the wear-side component 2 is short or when the wear-side coils 5A to 5C are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction due to installation space restrictions, all wear detection is performed. The presence or absence of disconnection of the lines 43A to 43C can be detected simultaneously. In the second circuit configuration example shown in FIG. 7 as well, in the same way as in the first circuit configuration example, any one of the three opposing coils 7A to 7C is used, and all of the wear side coils 5A to 5C are used. On the other hand, it is also possible to detect the presence or absence of disconnection of all three wear detection lines 43A to 43C by electromagnetically coupling sequentially.

  With the circuit configuration as described above, during the sliding of the wear side component 2, the facing side coils 7A to 7C of the facing side component 3 respectively pass each facing the wear side coils 5A to 5C of the wear side component 2. . At this time, if the wear detection lines 43A to 43C are not disconnected, the opposing coils 7A to 7C and the wear coils 5A to 5C are electromagnetically coupled simultaneously to the closed circuits 11A to 11C of the opposing component 3. The flowing alternating current temporarily decreases.

  On the other hand, when at least one of the wear detection lines 43A to 43C is disconnected, the wear side coil 5 connected to the disconnected wear detection line 43 is not electromagnetically coupled to the opposed coils 7A to 7C. For this reason, even if the said wear side coil 5 and opposing side coil 7A-7C pass each other, the electric current fall of the closed circuit 11 of the opposing side component 3 does not generate | occur | produce. For example, when the wear detection line 43A is disconnected, even if the wear side coil 5A and the opposite side coil 7A pass each other, the wear side coil 5A is not electromagnetically coupled to the opposite side coil 7A. A current drop in the circuit 11 does not occur. The same applies to the other wear detection lines 43B to 43C and the wear side coils 5B to 5C.

  Therefore, no current drop occurs in the closed circuit 11 corresponding to the wear detection line 43 that is disconnected due to wear. For example, when the wear detection line 43A is disconnected and the wear detection lines 43B and 43C are conductive, when the three pairs of wear side coils 5A to 5C and the facing side coils 7A to 7C face each other at the same time, the wear detection line 43A No current drop occurs in the closed circuit 11A corresponding to, but a current drop occurs in the closed circuits 11B and 11C corresponding to the wear detection lines 43B and 43C. Therefore, the control device 9 can detect the presence or absence of disconnection of each of the wear detection lines 43A to 43C by detecting the presence or absence of the current drop of the closed circuits 11A to 11C corresponding to the wear detection lines 43A to 43C. is there.

  Even if only the wear detection line 43A as described above is disconnected, the opposing coils 7A to 7C are connected to the wear detection lines 43B and 43C that are not disconnected. Since the current passes sequentially from 5C, current drops occur twice in each of the closed circuits 11A to 11C during one sliding stroke. In addition, when the wear detection lines 43A and 43B are disconnected and the wear detection line 43C is conductive, the number of occurrences of current drop in each of the closed circuits 11A to 11C during one sliding stroke is one. Therefore, similarly to the first circuit configuration example, the control device 9 can also detect the presence or absence of disconnection of the wear detection lines 43A to 43C based on the number of occurrences of the current drop in each of the closed circuits 11A to 11C. It is.

  As described above, the wear gauge 40 of the wear gauge 40 is utilized by using the presence or absence of the current drop of the closed circuits 11A to 11C due to the electromagnetic coupling of the plurality of pairs of wear side coils 5A to 5C and the counter side coils 7A to 7C. The presence / absence of disconnection of each of the wear detection lines 43A to 43C can be transmitted from the wear side component 2 to the facing side component 3. Therefore, the control device 9 determines whether the wear detection lines 43A to 43C are disconnected based on the presence or absence of a current drop in the closed circuits 11A to 11C during one sliding stroke or the number of occurrences of the current drop in the closed circuit 11. The presence or absence can be detected. Therefore, the control device 9 can detect stepwise how much the wear amount of the wear side component 2 is in the range of 0 to L3, and can detect the wear state of the wear side component 2 in multiple steps. it can.

  Furthermore, according to the second circuit configuration example, a plurality of pairs of wear side coils 5A to 5C and counter side coils 7A to 7C corresponding to the plurality of wear detection lines 43A to 43C are installed. Information regarding the presence or absence of disconnection of 43A to 43C can be transmitted from the wear-side component 2 to the facing-side component 3 at the same time. Furthermore, when the sliding stroke of the wear-side component 2 is short, or when the plurality of wear-side coils 5A to 5C cannot be arranged in the sliding direction along the facing surface 22 of the wear-side component 2 due to installation space restrictions. However, the information regarding the presence or absence of disconnection of each of the wear detection lines 43 </ b> A to 43 </ b> C can be suitably transmitted from the wear side component 2 to the facing side component 3.

[2.4. effect]
As described above, according to the wear detection device of the second embodiment, in addition to the effects according to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  That is, according to the present embodiment, a plurality of wear detection lines 43A to 43C are installed on the wear gauge 40, and a plurality of wear side coils connected to the wear side parts 2 are connected to the wear detection lines 43A to 43C. 5A-5C are provided. Further, the opposing component 3 is provided with one opposing coil 7 that can be electromagnetically coupled sequentially to the plurality of wear side coils 5A to 5C, or simultaneously electromagnetic to the wear side coils 5A to 5C. A plurality of opposed coils 7A to 7C that can be coupled to each other are provided. When the wear gauge 40 is worn with the wear of the wear side component 2 and the wear detection lines 43A to 43C are sequentially disconnected, the electromagnetic waves of the wear side coils 5A to 5C and the facing side coil 7 (7A to 7C) Information indicating the disconnection is transmitted from the wear-side component 2 to the facing-side component 3 by using the presence or absence of the mechanical coupling. Thereby, the control apparatus 9 detects the presence or absence of the disconnection of the wear detection lines 43A to 43C based on the presence or absence of the current drop in the closed circuit 11 due to the electromagnetic coupling or the number of occurrences of the current drop. Can do.

  Therefore, even if the wear-side component 2 and the facing-side component 3 are not electrically connected by a plurality of wirings, the control device 9 for the facing-side component 3 appropriately detects the wear amount of the wear-side component 2 in multiple stages. can do. Therefore, since the change of the wear amount of the wear side component 2 can be grasped step by step, the tendency of the wear amount change can be grasped, and the remaining life of the wear side component 2 and the optimum maintenance time can be predicted. .

[3. Third Embodiment]
Next, a wear detection device according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The wear detection device according to the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the arrangement of the wear side coil and the counter side coil, and other functional configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. Therefore, the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 2, the wear side coil 5 is arranged along the facing surface 22 (sliding surface 21) parallel to the sliding direction of the wear side component 2, and the facing side coil 5. The side coil 7 is also disposed along the facing surface 32 (sliding surface 31) parallel to the sliding direction. However, since the opposed surface 22 and the opposed surface 32 move relatively in the sliding direction while the wear-side component 2 slides, the wear-side coil 5 and the opposed coil 7 also move relatively in the sliding direction. Therefore, when the wear-side component 2 slides at a high speed, it is required to instantaneously perform electromagnetic coupling between the coils, so that it is difficult to take measurement timing and shorten the measurement time. There was a problem that it was difficult to improve measurement accuracy because it had to be done in time.

  Therefore, the third embodiment is characterized in that the arrangement of the wear-side coil 5 in the wear-side component 2 and the arrangement of the opposed-side coil 7 in the opposed-side component 3 are changed in order to solve this problem. Below, the structure of the abrasion detection apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment is explained in full detail.

[3.2. Configuration of wear detection device]
First, with reference to FIG. 8, the overall configuration of a wear detection apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the wear detection device according to the present embodiment. 8A shows a state where the wear side component 2 has moved to the end of the sliding stroke and is temporarily stopped, and FIG. 8B shows the wear side component 2 near the center of the sliding stroke. Indicates the moving state.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in the wear detection device according to the third embodiment, the place where the wear side coil 5 and the opposed coil 7 are electromagnetically coupled is defined as the sliding direction of the wear side component 2 (up and down in FIG. 8). Direction) and opposed surfaces 22 and 32 (in the middle of the sliding stroke of the wear-side component 2), but opposed surfaces 23 and 33 perpendicular to the sliding direction (that is, the end of the sliding stroke of the wear-side component 2) Part).

  For this purpose, the facing part 3 is provided with a facing part 34 that faces one end part in the sliding direction of the wear side part 2. The facing portion 34 of the facing side component 3 is a portion formed to protrude from the main body portion of the facing side component 3 toward the wear side component 2 side. The facing portion 34 is installed at a position that does not collide with the sliding wear-side component 2 and is close to the wear-side component 2 that has moved to the end of the sliding stroke. The facing surface 33 of the facing portion 34 of the facing-side component 3 is perpendicular to the sliding direction and faces the facing surface 23 at one end of the sliding direction of the wear-side component 2. The opposing coil 7 is disposed along the opposing surface 33 of the opposing part 34.

  On the other hand, the wear side coil 2 is provided with the wear side coil 5 along the facing surface 23 at one end portion in the sliding direction. At this time, it arrange | positions so that the wear side coil 5 and the opposing coil 7 may oppose a sliding direction. The wear side coil 5 and the matching resistor 6 are connected to the wear gauge 4 by a closed circuit 10. Further, the wear side coil 5 and the facing side coil 7 are arranged so that the coil axis of the wear side coil 5 and the coil axis of the facing side coil 7 are parallel to each other. Further, in order to suitably realize electromagnetic coupling between the coils, it is preferable that the coil axis of the wear side coil 5 and the coil axis of the opposed side coil 7 are perpendicular to the sliding direction of the wear side component 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and these coil axes may be parallel to the sliding direction.

  With this arrangement, when the wear-side part 2 moves to the end of the sliding stroke and temporarily stops during the sliding of the wear-side part 2 (see FIG. 8A), the wear-side part 2 The facing surface 23 at the one end and the facing surface 33 of the facing portion 34 of the facing part 3 face each other in the closest state. At this time, the wear side coil 5 approaches the counter side coil 7, and when the wear detection line 43 is not disconnected, the wear side coil 5 and the counter side coil 7 are electromagnetically coupled to each other to form a closed circuit 11. Current flowing in the current measuring resistor 13 decreases.

  Therefore, when the moving speed of the wear side component 2 becomes the slowest at the end of the sliding stroke, the wear side coil 5 and the counter side coil 7 can be opposed to each other in the closest state. The electromagnetic coupling can be realized accurately. Therefore, it becomes easy to take the measurement timing, and a relatively long measurement time can be secured. Therefore, it is possible to easily and accurately measure the wear amount state of the wear side component 2 from the facing side component 3. Furthermore, since the wear powder on the sliding surface 21 of the wear side component 2 and the wear gauge 4 does not easily reach the vicinity of the wear side coil 5 and the matching resistor 6, the wear powder does not reach the wear side coil 5 and the counter side coil 7. The electromagnetic coupling can be suppressed, and the electromagnetic coupling can be stably realized.

  In addition, in the example of FIG. 8, although the opposing surfaces 23 and 33 were perpendicular | vertical with respect to the sliding direction, it is not limited to this example. For example, even when the opposing surfaces 23 and 33 are inclined with respect to the sliding direction, they can be electromagnetically coupled in the same manner as described above.

  Further, in the example of FIG. 8, the wear side coil 5 is disposed on the facing surface 23 at one end of the wear side component 2, but the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the wear side coil 5 is disposed on the facing surface 22 near one end of the wear side component 2, and the facing coil 7 is disposed on the facing surface 32 of the facing side component 3 so as to face this. Also good. Also by this, since these elements can be made to oppose in the place where the moving speed of the wear side component 2 becomes slow, the substantially same effect is acquired regarding measurement timing and measurement time.

  In the example of FIG. 8, the wear gauge 4 is provided with only one wear detection line 43, but the present invention is not limited to this example. As in the wear gauge 40 of the second embodiment, a plurality of wear detection lines 43A to 43C are provided, and a plurality of wear detection circuits connected to the wear detection lines 43A to 43C are connected to the wear side component 2. You may provide in one side edge part. Thereby, the wear amount of the wear side component 2 can be detected in multiple stages.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Is done.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the specific configuration of the wear detection device has been described. However, when the wear detection device is used and the wear side coil approaches or separates in the sliding direction with respect to the counter side coil, There is also provided a wear detection method for detecting a current flowing through the opposite closed circuit, and detecting a wear state of the wear gauge based on the detected current. Further, the processing and operation based on each component of the wear detection device are also applied to the wear detection method.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a wear detection device and a wear detection method for detecting wear of a sliding portion of an industrial machine.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sliding part 2 ... Wear side part 3 ... Opposite side part 4, 40 ... Wear gauge 5 ... Wear side coil 6 ... Matching resistance 7 ... Opposite side coil 8 ... Measuring circuit 9 ... Control apparatus 10, 11 ... Closed circuit 12 ... AC power supply 13 ... Current measurement resistors 21 and 31 ... Sliding surfaces 22 and 32 ... Opposing surfaces 23 and 33 ... Opposing surfaces 34 ... Opposing portions 41 ... Tip portions 41a ... Tip surfaces 42 ... Print lines 43 ... Wear detection lines 44 ... terminal 45 ... common print line 46 ... common terminal 47 ... terminal 81 ... rectifier circuit 82 ... comparator 83 ... delay circuit 84 ... comparator 100 ... reciprocating compressor 101 ... cylinder 102 ... piston 103 ... piston rod 104 ... piston ring 105 ... pull ring 106 ... Suction valve 107 ... Drain valve

Claims (4)

In the wear detection device that detects the wear of the wear side part accompanying the sliding with the opposite side part,
A wear gauge provided on the wear side part and provided with a wear detection line at a tip disposed along the sliding surface of the wear side part;
A counter coil provided in the counter component;
A wear-side coil provided on the wear-side component, connected to the wear-detection line, and moving so as to approach or separate in the sliding direction with respect to the opposed coil as the wear-side component slides; ,
A control device for detecting a wear state of the wear gauge based on a current provided in the facing part and flowing in a facing closed circuit including the facing coil;
A wear detection device comprising:   The wear detecting device according to claim 1, wherein a coil axis of the wear side coil and a coil axis of the counter coil are parallel to a sliding direction of the wear side component. The opposite closed circuit further includes an AC power source and a current measurement resistor,
The wear detector is
A rectifier circuit that rectifies an alternating current flowing through the current measuring resistor of the opposite side closed circuit into a direct current;
A comparator that compares a DC voltage corresponding to the DC current rectified by the rectifier circuit with a reference value, and outputs a measurement signal indicating the comparison result to the control device;
A delay circuit that generates a detection timing signal indicating a detection timing by the control device by delaying the DC voltage by a predetermined time;
Further comprising
The wear detection device according to claim 1, wherein the control device detects a wear state of the wear gauge based on the measurement signal at a detection timing indicated by the detection timing signal. Wear detection at the tip of the facing coil provided along the sliding surface of the wear-side component, provided on the wear-side component that wears as the counter-side coil slides on the facing-side component. A wear gauge provided with a work line, and a wear gauge provided on the wear side part, connected to the wear detection line and approaching the opposing coil in the sliding direction as the wear side part slides. A wear detection method for detecting wear of the wear side component by a wear side coil that moves away from the wear side coil,
Detecting the current flowing in the opposite closed circuit including the opposite coil when the wear side coil moves so as to approach or separate in the sliding direction with respect to the opposite coil;
A wear detection method comprising: detecting a wear state of the wear gauge based on the detected current.

Images