JP5814786B2 - Wood chip paving method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood chip pavement in which a construction surface is paved with a wood chip.

  Conventional wood chip pavement is made by mixing solidified material such as asphalt emulsion or urethane resin with wood chip as binder to make wood chip pavement material. Thus, it is common to form a wood chip pavement layer.

  In addition, as described in Patent Document 1, some wood chips are mixed with earth and sand and solidified material (magnesium) to form a wood chip pavement material, and the wood chip pavement material is laid on the construction surface in the same manner as described above. Then, there are some which form a wood chip pavement layer by rolling after that.

JP 2011-38324 A

  The conventional wood chip pavement layer not mixed with earth and sand is excellent in cushioning properties, heat retention properties, water absorption, etc., but also has the following problems [1] and [2].

[1] When the wood chip repeatedly expands due to moisture absorption and contracts due to drying, the bonds between the wood chips are released and a part of the wood chip pavement layer may collapse. Moreover, a part of the wood chip pavement layer may collapse due to the decay of the wood chip itself.

[2] Wood chip pavement material (wood chip) is not suitable for rolling because the cushioning property is too high, and the wood chip pavement layer formed by rolling the wood chip pavement material is solidified on the surface. However, in some cases, sufficient tightness may not be obtained due to insufficient pressure during rolling.

  Moreover, according to the wood chip pavement layer mixed with earth and sand of Patent Document 1, the problems [1] and [2] can be solved to some extent, but still the problems cannot be solved completely.

  For the problem [1], first, by mixing earth and sand with the wood chip pavement material, the bonding force between the wood chips can be increased to some extent and the decay of the wood chips can be suppressed to some extent. However, when the wood chips and the sand and sand between them are insufficient, there is a possibility that sufficient bonding force cannot be obtained or decay is not sufficiently suppressed.

  As for the problem [2], by mixing earth and sand with the wood chip pavement material, it is possible to suppress the cushioning property of the wood chip pavement material to facilitate rolling and improve the internal tightness to some extent. However, the cushioning properties of wood chip pavement materials are still higher than those of other pavement materials such as asphalt pavement materials and clay pavement materials. May not be obtained.

  Then, it aims at improving the closeness in the wood chip pavement layer while improving the connection property between wood chips and the anti-corrosion property of a wood chip.

In order to achieve the above object, the wood chip pavement layer of the present invention has a wood chip pavement material in which a wood chip having a total length of 10 to 50 mm, a soil, and a solidified material is mixed. It is piled up on the construction surface of the sidewalk, parking lot, park playground equipment, under the guardrail of the roadway, or the median strip of the roadway while being tamped with air pressure of ˜0.85 MPa.

In order to achieve the same object, in the wood chip paving method of the present invention, a wood chip having a total length of 10 to 50 mm, a soil containing 15% by mass or more of a component having a particle size of less than 0.075 mm, and a solidified material are mixed. consisting of wood chips paving material, sidewalks while compacting pressure blown onto the construction surface in air pressure 0.45~0.85MPa by mortar concrete sprayer, parking, play equipment surrounding park, central roadway guardrail or under roadways It will be piled up on the construction surface of the separation zone . Here, if the air pressure is less than 0.4 MPa, the wood chip pavement material may not be squeezed sufficiently tightly, and if it is greater than 0.9 MPa, pavement work becomes difficult. More preferably, it is 0.45-0.85 MPa, More preferably, it is 0.5-0.8 MPa.

  The mixing ratio of the wood chip and the soil is not particularly limited, but the soil is preferably 20 to 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the wood chip. The reason why the soil is 20 parts by mass or more is that if it is less than that, there is a possibility that sufficient bonding strength, anti-corrosiveness, closeness, etc. may not be obtained, and the soil is 60 parts by mass or less. If it is more than that, there is a possibility that sufficient cushioning properties, heat retention, water absorption, etc. may not be obtained. More preferably, the soil is 30 to 55 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the wood chip, and more preferably 40 to 50 parts by mass of the soil with respect to 100 parts by mass of the wood chip.

The soil, as described above, particle size and to contain components below 0.075mm (the clay content or silt) or 15 wt%, and more preferably contains 18 mass% or more, further can comprise more than 20 wt% preferable. This is because as the amount of the above components (clay content or silt content) increases, the binding strength and tightness increase. The natural water content of the soil is not particularly limited, but is preferably 7% by mass or more, more preferably 7.5% by mass or more, and further preferably 8% by mass or more. This is because as the natural water content ratio increases, the binding force and tightness increase. As a specific example of the soil, pure sand soil is exemplified.

The wood chip (wood piece) and the wood chip pavement material are not particularly limited, but the following [i] [ii] can be effectively used from the remaining material discharged in the maintenance management of roads, rivers, parks, and the like. It is preferable that it is an aspect of this.
[I] A mode in which the wood chip includes a chip of thinning material or pruning material.
[Ii] A mode in which cut grass is added to the wood chip pavement material.

Although the said solidification material is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is the following solidification material [i] [ii] at the point which does not need to make a woodchip pavement layer into an industrial waste when removing a woodchip pavement layer. . Moreover, although the natural product here is not specifically limited, Seawater etc. are illustrated.
[I] Natural product-derived solidified material containing magnesium oxide [ii] Natural product-derived solidified material

Wood chip pavement of the present invention may be construction in play equipment around, such as sidewalks, parking lots and parks in the grading purposes, even if the construction in the median strip or the like of the guardrail or under the roadway of the car road in the Anti-weed purpose However, for the purpose of leveling, the thickness of the wood chip pavement layer is preferably 60 to 80 mm, and for the purpose of herbicidal protection, the thickness of the wood chip pavement layer is 40 to 60 mm. preferable.

According to the wood chip pavement method of the present invention, the following effects [1] and [2] can be obtained.
[1] When the wood chips and the soil between them are tamped by the pressure by spraying, the bonding force between the wood chips is increased and the decay of the wood chips is suppressed.
[2] When the wood chip pavement material is stacked while being tamped by the pressure by spraying, the entire wood chip pavement layer has a close structure.

It is sectional drawing which shows the procedure which constructs the wood chip pavement layer of Example 1 to (a)-(c). It is sectional drawing which shows the procedure which constructs the wood chip pavement layer of Example 2 to (a)-(c).

  Wood chip pavement by mixing wood chips (1) containing thinned or pruned wood chips, mowing grass (2), pure sand (3), and solidified material (4) derived from natural products containing magnesium oxide A material (M) is produced. The wood chip pavement material (M) is applied to the construction surface (S1, S2) with an air pressure of 0.4 to 0.9 MPa by a mortar concrete spraying machine (B). We pile up while solidifying. Thereby, the wood chip pavement layer (P1, P2) in which the entire pavement layer is hardened is applied.

  The wood chip pavement layer P1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a pavement layer having a thickness of 60 to 80 mm on which a ground G1 such as a sidewalk, a parking lot, or a playground equipment in a park is paved for the purpose of leveling. This wood chip pavement layer P1 is formed by tamping a wood chip pavement material M composed of the following wood chips 1, cut grass 2, pure sand soil 3 and solidifying material 4.

  The wood chip 1 is a chip having a total length of 10 to 50 mm formed by pulverizing a thinning material or a pruning material to be disposed of. Further, the mowing grass 2 is a grass or weed mowing grass to be disposed of.

The true sand soil 3 is a true sand soil having a particle size of less than 5 mm in which natural sand sand is passed through a sieve with a particle size of 5 mm and components (gravel and stones) having a particle size of 5 mm or more are omitted. 40 to 50 parts by mass. The component of this true sand soil 3 is 9.3% by mass of a component (clay content) having a particle size of less than 0.005 mm, and 13.0% by mass of a component (silt component) having a particle size of 0.005 to 0.075 mm. The component (sand content) having a particle size of 0.075 to 2 mm is 69.7% by mass, and the component (gravel content) having a particle size of 2 mm or more is 8.0% by mass. Moreover, the density of the soil particle of this true sand soil 3 is 2.668 g / cm < ³ >, and a natural moisture content is 8.5 mass%. Moreover, the liquid limit of this sandy sand 3 is 33.1 mass%, a plastic limit is 19.2 mass%, and a plastic index is 13.9.

  The solidified material 4 is a commercially available solidified material derived from seawater, and has a trade name “Glue Sand H”. The component of “Glue Sand H” has an ignition loss of 23.03% by mass, and of the remaining 76.97% by mass, magnesium oxide is 43.01% by mass and calcium oxide is 24.31% by mass. Sulfur oxide is 9.24% by mass, silicon dioxide is 0.25% by mass, and aluminum oxide is 0.13% by mass.

  Next, a wood chip paving method for constructing the wood chip paving layer P1 will be described.

  First, as shown to Fig.1 (a), the construction surface S1 of the foundation | substrate G1 is dug down about the thickness (60-80 mm) of the woodchip pavement layer P1 to construct, and leveling is carried out to predetermined | prescribed height. At this time, the edge S1e of the construction surface S1 is dug slightly deep so that the wood chip pavement layer P1 can be constructed somewhat thicker than the other parts.

  Next, the wood chip pavement material M is generated by kneading the wood chip 1, the cut grass 2, the pure sand soil 3 and the solidifying material 4.

  Next, as shown in FIG.1 (b), the produced | generated wood chip pavement material M is blown with the mortar concrete spraying machine B with the air pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa on the construction surface S1 of the ground preparation G1 which leveled. By attaching, the wood chip pavement material M is piled up by the thickness (60 to 80 mm) of the desired wood chip pavement layer P1 while being solidified by the pressure by spraying on the construction surface S1.

  After the piled wood chip pavement material M is cured for about 2 days and solidified, the height of the surface is adjusted and the surface is adjusted with a roller of about 1 t. As shown in FIG. The wood chip pavement layer P1 is completed on the construction surface S1 of G1. However, the adjustment by the roller at this time is performed for the purpose of smoothing the surface and is different from the conventional one in that it is not performed for the purpose of rolling. Further, such a leveling may be omitted when the surface is sufficiently smooth without such leveling or when the surface is not required to be smooth.

According to the first embodiment, the following effects [1] to [12] can be obtained.
[1] The wood chip 1 and the true sand soil 3 between the wood chips 1 are tamped by the pressure by spraying, thereby increasing the bonding force between the wood chips 1 and suppressing the expansion of the wood chips 1 due to moisture absorption and the shrinkage due to drying. It is done. Therefore, the wood chip pavement layer P1 is difficult to collapse and the wood chip 1 is difficult to peel off from the surface of the wood chip pavement layer P1. Further, the decay of the wood chip 1 is also suppressed by the wood chip 1 and the true sand soil 3 between the wood chips 1 being solidified, which also makes it difficult for the wood chip pavement layer P1 to collapse. Therefore, the wood chip pavement layer P1 is stable over a long period of time.

[2] By adopting the spraying method instead of the rolling method, the wood chip pavement material M can be tamped uniformly and closely. Therefore, the wood chip pavement layer P1 has a uniform and tight structure as a whole, and exhibits excellent load resistance. Therefore, the wood chip pavement layer P1 can be used for a parking lot or the like.
In order to confirm this effect, a flat plate loading test was performed according to JIS A1215. The test result shows that when a load strength of 280 kN / m ² is applied to a wood chip pavement layer P1 having a thickness of 70 mm with a circular loading plate having a diameter of 300 mm, the subsidence amount is 1.18 mm, and 320 kN / m ² The amount of settlement when the load strength was applied was 1.31 mm. From the value of the subsidence amount, the load strength at the subsidence amount of 1.25 mm was calculated as 302 kN / m ^2, and the CBR of the wood chip pavement layer P1 was calculated as 40.9% from the value of the load strength. .

[3] Since the wood chip pavement layer P1 has a close structure as described in [2] above, it is difficult to be eroded by rainwater or the like.

[4] Since the wood chip pavement layer P1 has a close structure as described in [2] above, even a shoe with a small ground contact area such as high heels is difficult to sink, and therefore, it is easy to walk. Moreover, since the wood chip pavement layer P1 has high water permeability and high slip resistance, it is also easy for a pedestrian to walk in this respect.
In order to confirm this effect (water permeability), a water permeability test was performed according to JIS A 1218 (JGS 0311). As a result of the test, the water permeability coefficient at 23 ° C. of the wood chip pavement layer P1 is 2.10 × 10 ⁻⁵ cm / s. From the value of the water permeability coefficient, the water permeability coefficient of the wood chip pavement layer P1 with respect to 15 ° C. is 1 Calculated to be 71 × 10 ⁻⁵ cm / s.

[5] As the wood chip pavement material M, various plant materials such as the wood chip 1 and the mowing grass 2 can be used, and therefore, the remaining material discharged in the maintenance management of roads, rivers, parks, etc. can be used effectively. Moreover, compared with the case where those remaining materials are incinerated, the amount of carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced.

[6] Since the solidified material 4 derived from natural products (seawater) is used as a binder in consideration of the environment, the wood chip pavement layer P1 does not become industrial waste even when removed. Therefore, if the wood chip pavement layer P1 is broken with a hydraulic shovel (backhoe) or the like, it can be discarded in a soil state in which fertilizer is mixed.

[7] The heat capacity of the wood chip pavement layer P1 is increased by the water stored by the water storage power of the wood chip 1, and the surrounding heat is taken away when the stored water evaporates. It has the effect of suppressing the heat island phenomenon by suppressing the rise in surface temperature.
In order to confirm this effect, the surface temperature of the wood chip pavement layer P1 and the surface temperature of the other pavement layers were measured, and asphalt was measured under the condition of an air temperature of 36 ° C. at 14:00 on August 9, 2011. Whereas the surface temperature of the pavement layer was 62.9 ° C., the surface temperature of the concrete pavement layer was 59.8 ° C., and the surface temperature of the clay pavement layer was 47.3 ° C., the wood chip pavement layer The surface temperature of P1 was 50.8 ° C. The surface temperature of the portion of the wood chip pavement layer P1 with moisture was 46.1 ° C., and the surface temperature of the shaded portion was 35.5 ° C.

[8] Since the wood chip pavement material M is sprayed directly on the roadbed (base G1), a roadbed is unnecessary.
[9] Since the wood chip pavement material M is squeezed by pressure by spraying and no rolling is performed, the wood chip pavement layer P1 can be easily applied even on steep slopes and slopes.
[10] Since the wood chip 1 appears on the surface of the wood chip pavement layer P1, the warmth of the wood can be felt.
[11] The surface (finished surface) of the wood chip pavement layer P1 is smoothed by the pure sand soil 3 mixed with the wood chip pavement material M.
[12] Since sunlight is not directly applied to the surface of the base G1 (construction surface S1), weeds can be prevented from being generated, thereby reducing maintenance and management costs. And such an effect can be acquired more efficiently by making the pavement of edge S1e of construction surface S1 somewhat thick as mentioned above.

Woodchip pavement layer P2 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is a pavement layer having a thickness of 40~60mm which paved ground G2 of the median strip or the like of the guard rail under and roadway vehicle road in weed purposes. This wood chip pavement layer P2 is formed by tamping the same wood chip pavement material M as in Example 1 to the construction surface S2 of the base G2.

  In the method of constructing the wood chip pavement layer P2, since there is no restriction on the ground height, the ground G2 is not leveled, and only the weeding is performed as it is, and the height at which the wood chip pavement material M is stacked (40 Only about 60 mm), which is different from the first embodiment, and is otherwise the same as the first embodiment. However, although leveling is not performed, the edge S2e of the construction surface S2 is dug down for the purpose of enhancing the herbicidal effect as in the first embodiment.

  According to the second embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. However, since the thickness of the wood chip pavement layer P2 is thinner than that of the first embodiment, it is more disadvantageous than the first embodiment in that the strength is weaker than that of the first embodiment in that the labor and cost of construction can be reduced. It is advantageous.

The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments. For example, as in the following [i] [ii], the present invention can be appropriately modified and embodied without departing from the spirit of the invention.
[I] The wood chip pavement material M may be generated only from the wood chip 1, the pure sand soil 3 and the solidifying material 4 without adding the cut grass 2 to the wood chip pavement material M.
[Ii] Instead of spraying the wood chip pavement material M with air pressure, it may be sprayed with centrifugal force.

1 Wood chip 2 Cut grass 3 Pure sand (soil)
4 Solidification material M Wood chip pavement material P1 Wood chip pavement layer (Example 1)
P2 Wood chip pavement layer (Example 2)
S1 Construction surface (Example 1)
S2 Construction surface (Example 2)
B Mortar concrete spraying machine

Claims (1)

Wood chip pavement material (M) formed by mixing wood chip (1) having a total length of 10 to 50 mm, soil (3) containing 15% by mass or more of a component having a particle size of less than 0.075 mm, and solidifying material (4). mortar concrete sprayer (B) by sidewalk while compaction pressure blown onto the construction surface in air pressure 0.45~0.85MPa (S1, S2), parking, play equipment surrounding park, roadway guardrail or under roadways Wood chip pavement method to pile up on the construction surface (S1, S2) of the median strip .

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