JP5809449B2 - Agricultural and horticultural insecticidal compositions - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an agricultural and horticultural insecticidal composition. More specifically, the present invention relates to a highly safe agricultural and horticultural insecticidal composition comprising a mixture of sorbitan fatty acid ester and lecithin and exhibiting synergistic insecticidal activity against aphids, which are agricultural pests.

  Currently, representative examples of pest control agents (insecticides) for agricultural crops include organic pesticides such as organophosphorus, carbamate, and synthetic pyrethroids. These have been widely used for many years because of their precise control effect. However, the emergence of drug-resistant pests has become a serious problem due to long-term use and continuous spraying of pesticides of the same strain. In recent years, due to increasing environmental problems, there has been a growing demand for highly safe insecticides that do not pollute the environment. Therefore, there are no drugs that can be used with confidence and have excellent insecticidal activity without causing harmful side effects on the human body. There has been a strong demand.

  Naturally derived sorbitan fatty acid esters and lecithin are known as insecticides that are resistant to the appearance of drug-resistant pests and are highly safe to the human body (Sorbitan fatty acid esters: Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-23161 (patent) Document 1) and Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-43968 (Patent Document 2), Lecithin: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-140910 (Patent Document 3)).

  Sorbitan fatty acid esters are widely used as emulsifiers for food and cosmetics. Pesticides containing sorbitan fatty acid esters as active ingredients are already sold under the trade name: Kadan Safe by Huma Killer Co., Ltd. and show an insecticidal effect against aphids and spider mites. Lecithin is a kind of glycerophospholipid, is present in all cells in natural animals and plants, and is a major component of biological membranes. Lecithin (soybean lecithin) has actually been used and registered as an antibacterial agent for powdery mildew from September 1976 to November 1991. )It has not been.

  Although sorbitan fatty acid esters have already been confirmed to show insecticidal effects against aphids and spider mites, literature that reported that synergistic insecticidal effects were obtained against aphids by mixing sorbitan fatty acid esters and lecithin Absent.

Japanese Patent Publication No.61-23161 Japanese Patent Publication No.62-43968 JP 56-140910 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural and horticultural insecticidal composition having a synergistic insecticidal activity comprising sorbitan fatty acid ester and lecithin as active ingredients, which are highly safe and hardly cause drug-resistant pests.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have mixed sorbitan fatty acid ester and lecithin to improve the insecticidal activity against aphids that are agricultural pests compared to the case where these are used alone. As a result, the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention provides the following 1-6 agricultural and horticultural insecticidal compositions.
1. An agricultural and horticultural insecticidal composition comprising sorbitan fatty acid ester and lecithin as active ingredients.
2. 2. The agricultural and horticultural insecticidal composition according to 1 above, wherein the fatty acid constituting the sorbitan fatty acid ester is a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
3. The insecticidal composition for agricultural or horticultural use according to 1 or 2 above, containing 0.05 to 0.3% by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester and 0.1 to 0.5% by mass of lecithin.
4). 3. The agricultural and horticultural insecticidal composition according to 2 above, wherein the sorbitan fatty acid ester is at least one selected from sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monolaurate and sorbitan monocaprylate.
5. The insecticidal composition for agricultural or horticultural use according to any one of 1 to 4, wherein the lecithin is soybean lecithin and / or egg yolk lecithin.
6). The agricultural and horticultural insecticidal composition according to any one of 1 to 5 above, which is for aphid killing.

  When sorbitan fatty acid ester and lecithin are mixed, the composition containing both sorbitan fatty acid ester and lecithin as active ingredients is highly safe because it exhibits synergistic insecticidal activity against aphids, an agricultural pest. Useful as.

  The active ingredients of the agricultural and horticultural insecticidal composition according to the present invention are sorbitan fatty acid ester and lecithin, but the composition of the present invention optionally contains a surfactant, an antifreezing agent, an antiseptic, an antioxidant and a thickener. Etc. can be added.

  As the sorbitan fatty acid ester, any of mono-, di- and triesters can be used, and the constituent fatty acid is a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. For example, the fatty acids constituting the esters include caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, behenic acid, etc., and particularly sorbitan fatty acid esters include sorbitan monooleate and sorbitan monolaurate. And sorbitan monocaprylate is preferred. The addition concentration is preferably 0.05 to 0.3% by mass, particularly 0.07 to 0.14% by mass. If it is less than 0.05% by mass, no effect is observed, and if it exceeds 0.3% by mass, phytotoxicity (such as leaf browning) is observed.

  Specific examples of lecithin used in the present invention include soy lecithin and egg yolk lecithin, but soy lecithin which is a low-priced product is desirable. The addition concentration is preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by mass, particularly preferably 0.125 to 0.25% by mass. If it is less than 0.1% by mass, no effect is observed, and if it exceeds 0.5% by mass, phytotoxicity (such as leaf browning) is observed.

  As the surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, or the like can be used. Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyalkylene allyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene allyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether, and polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl. Ether formaldehyde condensate, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer alkylphenyl ether, sorbitan fatty acid ester (eg, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan laurate), polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, poly Oxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene caster oil ether, polyethylene group Such as call fatty acid esters.

  Examples of the anionic surfactant include alkyl sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene benzyl (or styryl) phenyl ether sulfate, and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer. Sodium, calcium or ammonium salts of sulfuric acid; alkyl sulfonates, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, alkylbenzene sulfonic acids (eg, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate), mono- or di-alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acids, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation , Lignin sulfonic acid, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfonic acid or polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfosuccinate Sodium, calcium, ammonium or alkanolamine salts; polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene mono- or di-alkyl phenyl ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene benzyl (or styryl) phenyl ether phosphate or polyoxyethylene- Each salt such as sodium or calcium salt of polyoxypropylene block polymer phosphate.

  Examples of the antifreezing agent include ethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethyl cellosolve, butyl carbitol, 3-methyl-methoxybutanol and the like.

  Examples of preservatives include Priventol D2 (chemical name: benzyl alcohol mono (poly) hemiformal), PROXEL GXL (S) (chemical name: 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, 20%), biohope, and the like. Biohope L (chemical name: organic nitrogen sulfur compound, organic bromine compound), bestside-750 (chemical name: isothiazoline compound, 2.5-6.0%), 5-chloro-2-methyl- 4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, sodium dehydroacetate, parachlorometa Examples include xylenol and 2,6-dimethylphenol.

  As an antioxidant, tetrakis [methylene-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane (Tominox TT, API Corporation, trade name / IRGANOX1010 or IRGANOX1010EDS, Ciba Japan Co., Ltd., trade name), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), propyl gallate, and vitamin E, mixed tocopherol, α-tocopherol, ethoxyquin, ascorbic acid, etc. .

  Examples of the thickener include PVP K-15 (chemical name: polyvinylpyrrolidone), xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, carboxyvinyl polymer, and the like.

Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, comparative examples, and test examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, in the following example, a part represents a mass part. The components used in the formulations of Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.
(1) Newkalgen D-935: Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd., purity 100% (sorbitan monooleate),
(2) New Calgen D-931: Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd., purity 100% (sorbitan monolaurate),
(3) Riquemar C-250: manufactured by Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd., purity 100% (sorbitan monocaprylate),
(4) Basis LP-20: Nisshin Oilio Group Co., Ltd., purity 95% (soy lecithin),
(5) General alcohol 99 degree synthetic unmodified: manufactured by Nippon Alcohol Sales Co., Ltd., purity 99.9% by volume (ethanol)

Example 1:
Neucalgen D-935 (0.14 parts) and general alcohol 99 degree synthetic unmodified (2.0 parts) were mixed, and ion-exchanged water (10.0 parts) was gradually added dropwise while stirring with a stirrer. An emulsion was obtained. Basis LP-20 (0.263 parts) was dissolved in ion-exchanged water (87.597 parts) to obtain an emulsion. Both emulsions were mixed to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Example 2:
While stirring New Calgen D-931 (0.14 parts) with a stirrer, ion-exchanged water (10.0 parts) was gradually added dropwise to obtain an emulsion. Basis LP-20 (0.263 parts) was dissolved in ion-exchanged water (89.597 parts) to obtain an emulsion. Both emulsions were mixed to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Example 3:
While stirring Riquemar C-250 (0.14 parts) with a stirrer, ion-exchanged water (10.0 parts) was gradually added dropwise to obtain an emulsion. Basis LP-20 (0.263 parts) was dissolved in ion-exchanged water (89.597 parts) to obtain an emulsion. Both emulsions were mixed to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Example 4:
While stirring New Calgen D-931 (0.07 part) with a stirring bar, ion-exchanged water (10.0 parts) was gradually added dropwise to obtain an emulsion. Basis LP-20 (0.132 parts) was dissolved in ion-exchanged water (89.798 parts) to obtain an emulsion. Both emulsions were mixed to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Example 5:
While stirring Riquemar C-250 (0.07 parts) with a stirrer, ion-exchanged water (10.0 parts) was gradually added dropwise to obtain an emulsion. Basis LP-20 (0.132 parts) was dissolved in ion-exchanged water (89.798 parts) to obtain an emulsion. Both emulsions were mixed to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Comparative Example 1:
Basis LP-20 (0.263 parts) was dissolved in ion-exchanged water (99.737 parts) to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Comparative Example 2:
Neucalgen D-935 (0.14 parts) and general alcohol 99-degree synthetic unmodified (2.0 parts) were mixed, and ion-exchanged water (97.86 parts) was gradually added dropwise while stirring with a stir bar. 100 parts of an emulsion were obtained.

Comparative Example 3:
While stirring Newkargen D-931 (0.14 parts) with a stirrer, ion-exchanged water (99.86 parts) was gradually added dropwise to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Comparative Example 4:
While stirring Riquemar C-250 (0.14 parts) with a stirrer, ion-exchanged water (99.86 parts) was gradually added dropwise to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Comparative Example 5:
Basis LP-20 (0.132 parts) was dissolved in ion-exchanged water (99.868 parts) to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Comparative Example 6:
While stirring New Calgen D-931 (0.07 parts) with a stir bar, ion-exchanged water (99.93 parts) was gradually added dropwise to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Comparative Example 7:
While stirring Riquemar C-250 (0.07 part) with a stirring bar, ion-exchanged water (99.93 parts) was gradually added dropwise to obtain 100 parts of an emulsion.

Comparative Example 8:
General alcohol 99 degree synthetic unmodified (5.0 parts) and ion-exchanged water (95.0 parts) were mixed to obtain 100 parts of a solution.

Test example:
Sufficient amounts of the drugs of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 were sprayed on a cucumber (variety: Hokushin) having a plant height of about 20 cm in which cotton aphids naturally occurred (1 district, 4 strains, 2 repetitions). One day after the drug treatment, the number of surviving insects was examined, and the control rate was calculated from the corrected density index.

防除率がコルビー法による理論値より高い場合、防除効果において相乗効果を有することを意味する。結果を表１に示した。 Moreover, in order to evaluate the synergistic effect between each active ingredient about Examples 1-5, the theoretical value was computed using the Colby formula shown below.

When a control rate is higher than the theoretical value by a Colby method, it means having a synergistic effect in a control effect. The results are shown in Table 1.

表１中の防除率（％）及び理論値（％）欄のカッコ内は後述の表２の判定を示す。

The parentheses in the control rate (%) and theoretical value (%) columns in Table 1 indicate the determination in Table 2 described later.

  The control rate of Examples 1-5 exceeded the theoretical value by the Colby method, and the synergistic effect was confirmed. In general, as shown in Table 2, the effect of aphids is determined in four stages (A, B, C, D) (Guideline for conducting a new pesticide practical application test, field test for medicinal and phytotoxicity, page 59, 2001 1) (Month, Japan Plant Protection Association).

実施例１〜５においては、混合による理論値はＣ及びＤであったが、防除率ではすべて１ランクもしくは２ランク上がったＢとなり、相乗効果を示した。

In Examples 1 to 5, the theoretical values by mixing were C and D, but the control rate was all increased by 1 rank or 2 ranks, indicating a synergistic effect.

  Since the composition containing sorbitan fatty acid ester and lecithin shows excellent insecticidal activity, it is industrially useful as an agricultural and horticultural insecticidal composition that is highly safe and hardly causes drug-resistant pests.

Claims (2)

An aphid composition for agricultural and horticultural use comprising, as active ingredients, one or more sorbitan fatty acid esters selected from sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monolaurate and sorbitan monocaprylate , and soybean lecithin . The aphid composition for agricultural and horticultural use according to claim 1, comprising 0.05 to 0.3% by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester and 0.1 to 0.5% by mass of soybean lecithin.