JP5809423B2 - Wall construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall surface construction method for constructing a wall surface by stacking a plurality of panel bodies and filling the back surface of each stage of the panel body with a back-in part.

  Conventionally, as this type of wall surface construction method, for example, a plurality of concrete molds disclosed in Patent Document 1 are stacked, and concrete is placed on the back of the concrete molds, while the walls of a sabo dam or concrete are placed. There are things that build retaining walls. A concrete formwork is a square concrete panel. When this panel is stacked and a wall surface is constructed, as shown in FIG. 1 of the same document, a bolt hole drilled in a connecting bracket attached to the lower panel is provided on the back surface of the upper panel. Fits into embedded bolt hole. Then, the bolts are inserted into the bolt holes drilled in the connecting bracket and screwed into the embedded bolt holes provided on the back surface of the upper panel so that the upper and lower panels are connected via the connecting bracket. Connected. As shown in FIG. 2 of the same document, when four connecting brackets having a wide panel side are provided on the back of the panel, bolt holes and upper connecting brackets formed in the lower panel connecting brackets are provided. The upper and lower panels are connected to each other by fitting the bolt holes drilled in the holes and inserting screws into the respective bolt holes to fix the connection fittings. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7 of the same document, when the connection holes are provided in the upper and lower edges of the panel, the connection holes provided in the lower panel and the connection holes provided in the upper panel are combined. The upper and lower panels are connected by inserting bolts into the connection holes.

  Conventionally, as this type of wall surface construction method, for example, the formwork panel body of the remaining formwork panel disclosed in Patent Document 2 is stacked in a desired number of stages, and a backing material such as concrete is provided on the back surface of the formwork panel body. Some of them are stuffed to construct a wall or retaining wall of a sabo dam. On the back surface of the formwork panel main body, support reinforcing bars that are assembled into side triangles and support the formwork panel main body are provided. The supporting rebar is composed of a first rebar disposed below the side triangle and a second rebar disposed above the side triangle. One end of each reinforcing bar is attached to the back side of the formwork panel body, and the other end is attached to an anchor fitting embedded in the concrete layer part constituting the backing material, so that the supporting rebar supports the formwork panel body. .

Japanese Patent No. 3242160 Utility model registration No. 3115887

  However, in the wall surface construction method disclosed in Patent Document 1 above, when the upper panel is stacked to construct the wall surface, the bolt holes and the connection holes are aligned with the lower panel. Must be located. Therefore, if the positional relationship between the upper and lower panels is shifted when stacking the panels, the bolt holes and the connecting holes are not aligned with each other, so that the upper and lower panels cannot be connected and the wall cannot be constructed. In addition, it is necessary to insert bolts and screws into each bolt hole and each connecting hole to fasten the upper and lower panels, and to provide temporary support materials to support the panels in order to make the panels stand alone. In some cases, it took a lot of work and the panel stacking work efficiency was not good.

  Also, when used on the wall of a flexible structure such as a reinforced earth method, the upper and lower panels are rigidly connected with bolts and screws, so the embankment behind the panel is deformed and the back of the panel If the load is applied unevenly, a large load is locally applied to the bolts and screws that rigidly connect the panels, and these may be damaged. In addition, when the embankment behind the panel sinks or deforms, the panel that is rigidly connected with bolts and screws cannot move following it, and a cavity is formed on the back side of the panel, etc. As a result, the wall surface is weakened.

  Moreover, in the wall surface construction method disclosed in the above-described conventional Patent Document 2, a large space is required on the back surface of the wall surface in order to install the supporting reinforcing bars that support the formwork panel body. For this reason, the wall surface construction disclosed in the above-mentioned conventional patent document 2 is placed in front of an existing structure such as a bridge pier in a narrow place where a space cannot be secured on the back face of the wall face or a place where the space on the back face of the wall face is narrowed. Walls cannot be constructed using the method.

The present invention has been made to solve such problems,
The end protruding from the lower panel body of the connecting member provided on the front surface of the lower panel body without contacting the lower panel body and the rear surface of the upper panel body is brought into contact with the front surface of the upper panel body. The upper panel body is allowed to fall to the rear side of the wall surface, and the front surface of the upper panel body is pressed, and the upper panel body and the lower panel body are placed on the back surface of the upper panel body. The lower part of the upper part of the connecting member provided without contacting the upper part of the upper panel body is brought into contact with the front surface of the lower panel body to allow the upper panel body to fall to the rear side of the wall surface. The front panel body of the upper panel body is pressed down, and the force that falls to the front side of the wall surface of the upper panel body is received on the front surface of the upper panel body and the lower panel body via each connecting member. A first step of stacking a top of the panel body,
The panel body is piled up as a cycle with the second step of holding the panel body by the fall prevention member and preventing the panel body from falling to the back side of the wall surface,
A wall surface construction method for constructing a wall surface by performing the third step of filling the back surface of the panel main body at each stage to a predetermined height with a back-in portion after any cycle was configured.

The present invention also provides:
The end protruding from the lower panel body of the connecting member provided on the front surface of the lower panel body without contacting the lower panel body and the rear surface of the upper panel body is brought into contact with the front surface of the upper panel body. The upper panel body is allowed to tip over to the rear side of the wall surface, and the upper panel body is pressed down while the upper panel body is allowed to tip over to the wall rear side. Engagement portions provided at least at the lower end of the upper end and lower end of the panel body are provided at the upper end of the lower panel main body, or at least at the upper end of the upper end and lower end of the lower panel body. By engaging the joint portion with the lower end portion of the upper panel body, the force that falls to the front side of the wall surface of the upper panel body is applied to the front and lower stages of the upper panel body via the connecting member and the engaging portion. Panel subjected at the lower portion of the upper portion or the upper panel body of the body,
Alternatively, the end protruding from the upper panel body of the connecting member provided on the front surface of the upper panel body without contacting the rear surfaces of the upper panel body and the lower panel body is applied to the front surface of the lower panel body. In the state where the upper panel body is allowed to fall to the back side of the wall surface , the front surface of the lower panel body is pressed, and the upper panel body is allowed to fall to the back side of the wall surface. The engaging portion provided at least at the upper end of the upper and lower ends of the lower panel body is provided at the lower end of the upper panel body, or at least at the lower ends of the upper and lower ends of the upper panel body. By engaging the engaged portion with the upper end of the lower panel body, the force that falls to the front side of the wall surface of the upper panel body is applied to the front surface of the lower panel body via the connecting member and the engaging portion. Subjected at the upper end of the lower portion or lower panel body fine upper panel body,
A first step of stacking the upper panel body on the lower panel body;
The panel body is piled up as a cycle with the second step of holding the panel body by the fall prevention member and preventing the panel body from falling to the back side of the wall surface,
A wall surface construction method for constructing a wall surface by performing the third step of filling the back surface of the panel main body at each stage to a predetermined height with a back-in portion after any cycle was configured.

According to these configurations, when building up the panel body multiple stages, the end of the consolidated member provided in the lower part of the panel main body is brought into contact with the front surface of the upper panel body, provided in the upper panel body it is brought into contact with an end portion of the consolidated member in front of the lower panel body, by holding by the safety members against overturning the panel body can be aligned support the upper and lower panel body at a desired location in the laying direction of extension. Further, the consolidated member provided in the lower part of the panel main body end is brought into contact in front of the upper panel body, the lower panel body engaging portion provided at the lower end of the upper panel body By engaging the engaging portion provided at the upper end portion or the upper end portion of the lower panel body with the lower end portion of the upper panel body and holding the panel body by the fall prevention member, or the end of the consolidated member provided on the panel body is brought into contact in front of the lower panel body, an engagement portion provided at the upper end of the lower panel body to the lower end of the upper panel body, or, an engagement portion provided at the lower end of the upper panel body is engaged with the upper end of the lower panel body, by holding by the safety members against overturning the panel body, laying extending direction vertical of the panel Desired position in Can be tailored support.

For this reason, when stacking the panel bodies, it is possible to stack them without considering the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies. Therefore, when the panels are stacked, the positional relationship between the upper and lower panels is shifted, so that the bolt holes and connection holes of the upper and lower panels do not match each other as before, and the upper and lower panels cannot be connected with bolts or screws. Thus, the wall cannot be constructed. Further, when stacking a plurality of panel main bodies, the upper and lower panel main bodies are simply brought into contact with or engaged with each other by the connecting member or the engaging portion, and the panel main bodies are held by the fall prevention member, so that the upper and lower panel main bodies are Supporting each other, the panel body becomes independent. For this reason, the work of fastening the upper and lower panels with bolts and screws and the work of providing temporary support materials to support the panels, which have been conventionally performed to make the panels self-supporting, are not required. improves. Moreover, since the shape of the panel body can be made thin and simple, the manufacturing cost of the wall surface can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, since the upper and lower panel bodies are not rigidly connected with bolts, etc., when used on the wall surface of a flexible structure such as a reinforced earth method, if the embankment etc. behind the panel body sinks or deforms, The panel body can move following its subsidence and deformation. Therefore, as in the conventional wall construction method in which panel bodies are rigidly connected with bolts etc., the embankment behind the panel sinks or deforms and the load is applied to the back of the panel, causing the panels to be rigidly connected. A flexible and highly durable wall is built-in, which prevents damage to the bolts, etc. that are applied by a large load locally, and damages the wall due to the formation of a cavity on the back side of the panel. A wall surface construction method is provided.

  In addition, there is no need to install support materials such as conventional reinforcing bars that occupy a large space on the back of the panel body to support the panel body. Even in places where the space is narrowed, for example, in front of bridge piers, etc., the panel body can be stacked without hindrance to construct a new wall surface, and the existing structure can be repaired or reinforced.

Further, in the first step of the present invention, the connecting member having an end protruding above the panel body and the connecting member having an end protruding below the panel body are not aligned with each other in one direction. characterized in that it is disposed in the panel the body is shifted a predetermined distance in.

According to this configuration, when performing a regular stacking method such as stacking the upper panel body directly above the panel body stacked below, such as during straight line construction where the wall laying extension direction is straight , It is possible to avoid the connecting member having the end projecting upward and the connecting member having the end projecting below the panel body from each other in one direction and overlapping each other.

Further, the present invention performs the fourth step of the back by the third step is removing the connection member that subjected in front of a predetermined force the panel body from falling into the wall front side of the panel body buried to the height by Urakomi portion It is characterized by that.

According to this configuration, the back is removed coupling member that underwent the force falling to wall front side of the panel body buried to a predetermined height at the front of the panel main body by a fourth step by Urakomi portion was removed Since the connecting member is used for connecting other panel main bodies, the number of connecting members required for the construction of the wall surface is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the wall surface is reduced.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the first step, the engaging portion is provided so that an engaging surface that engages with an adjacent panel body has a predetermined distance from the adjacent panel body.

  In curved construction where the direction of wall laying extension is curved, when stacking the panel body in a stacking method where the upper and lower panel bodies are not aligned, such as the staggered stacking method other than the tube stacking method, the panel body stacked above and above The panel body stacked on the upper and lower panels is not a single surface, and the entrance / exit occurs between the front side or the back side of the upper and lower panel bodies. However, according to this configuration, since the engaging surface of the engaging portion that engages with the adjacent panel main body is provided with a predetermined distance from the adjacent panel main body, the gap provided in advance. The panel main body can be piled up efficiently by the curved construction without causing the engagement surface of the engaging portion and the adjacent panel main body to collide with each other.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the first step, the engaging portion is engaged with the adjacent panel main body via an adjustment jig that can be freely inserted and removed from the engaging surface side that engages with the adjacent panel main body. To do.

  According to this configuration, since the engaging portion engages with the adjacent panel body via the adjustment jig that can be freely inserted into and retracted from the engaging surface side that engages with the adjacent panel body, the upper and lower panels are curved. When stacking panel bodies without aligning the positions of the main bodies, adjust the insertion and removal of the adjustment jig to and from the engaging surface that engages the adjacent panel bodies even if the front surfaces of the upper and lower panel bodies are not flush. By doing so, the upper and lower panel bodies can be easily supported and engaged without wobbling, and the work efficiency of curve construction performed without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies is improved.

Further, the present invention is a first step, coupling member, characterized in that the engagement surface abuts the adjacent panel body is provided so as there will be a panel body at a predetermined distance adjacent.

When the panel body is stacked without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies in curved construction, the panel body stacked below and the panel body stacked above are not one side, the front side or the back side of the upper and lower panel bodies In and out will occur. However, according to this configuration, the connecting member, since the engagement surface abuts the adjacent panel body is provided so as there will be a panel body at a predetermined distance adjacent, this prearranged gap, It is possible to stack the panel main bodies with good work efficiency by the curved construction that is performed without matching the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies without causing the engaging surfaces of the connecting members to collide with the adjacent panel main bodies. In addition, when the panel body is efficiently stacked with the preliminarily provided gap in a state where the fall prevention member is attached in advance to the back surface of the panel body, the panel body and the connecting member do not interfere with each other and are smoothly It is possible to stack the panel body. In particular, when an uneven pattern is attached to the front surface of the panel body, the panel body can be smoothly piled up without the connecting member interfering with the pattern. Also, when the upper and lower panel bodies are aligned, and the panel body stacked below and the panel body stacked above are one surface, as described above, the panel body and the connecting member interfere with each other. It is possible to smoothly stack the panel body without having to.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that in the first step, a predetermined interval is provided by inserting an adjusting material between the attachment surface of the connecting member attached to the panel body and the panel body.

  According to this configuration, the adjusting member is interposed between the mounting surface of the connecting member that is attached to the panel body and the panel body, so that the engaging surface that engages with the adjacent panel body of the connecting member is adjacent. The predetermined interval between the panel main bodies is adjusted according to the size of the entrance and exit between the upper and lower panel main bodies. By this adjustment, the panel main body can be stacked by curve construction performed without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies without causing the engagement surface of the connecting member and the adjacent panel main body to collide with each other.

  In the first step, the thickness of the panel body of the attachment portion of the connecting member to the panel body is thicker than the thickness of the adjacent panel body of the portion facing the engaging surface of the connecting member. There is a predetermined gap between the adjacent panel body and the engaging surface.

  According to this configuration, the thickness of the panel main body of the attachment portion of the connecting member is thicker than the thickness of the adjacent panel main body of the portion facing the engaging surface of the connecting member. A predetermined interval is provided between the mating surfaces. For this reason, when performing curved construction without aligning the positional relationship of the upper and lower panel bodies, even if the entrance and exit occurs between the upper and lower panel bodies, the adjacent panel body and the engaging surface of the connecting member do not collide, Panel body can be stacked.

Further, the present invention is a first step, the connecting member, characterized in that to abut the adjacent panel body via the out freely adjusting jig to the engagement surface abutting the adjacent panel body .

According to this configuration, the connecting member, through the out freely adjusting jig to the engagement surface abutting the adjacent panel body, to abut the adjacent panel body, the front of the upper and lower panel body even if not a flush, also, even when or have a uneven pattern on the front surface of the upper and lower panel body, to adjust the out of adjustment jig to the engagement surface abutting the adjacent panel body Thereby, the edge part of a connection member can be made to contact | abut to the front surface of an upper-and-lower panel main body without wobbling easily.

Further, the present invention is a first step, coupling member, and the panel body adjacent the sera of attached panel body and the contact is to form a surface having a predetermined shape, characterized in that the bent .

According to this construction, as the adjacent panel body coupling member is canceller contact of the end portion of the panel body to be attached and the connecting member forms a surface having a predetermined shape, the connecting member is bent. For this reason, it is possible to construct a wall surface having a desired shape by stacking the panel bodies using connecting members that are bent so as to form surfaces having a desired shape between adjacent panel bodies. For example, when a panel body is stacked on the front surface of an existing structure, the panel body is stacked by using a connecting member that is bent so that a surface having the same shape as the wall surface of the existing structure is formed between adjacent panel bodies. Thus, a new wall surface that matches the wall surface shape of the existing structure can be constructed.

Further, in the present invention, in the first step, the panel body is bent so as to form a surface having a predetermined shape with an adjacent panel body that abuts or engages via the connecting member or the engaging portion. It is characterized by.

According to this configuration, the panel body is bent so as to form a predetermined shape with the adjacent panel body that abuts or engages via the connecting member or the engaging portion. For this reason, a wall surface having a desired shape can be constructed by stacking panel bodies bent so as to form a desired surface. For example, when the panel body is stacked on the front surface of the existing structure, the panel body is stacked using the panel body bent in the same shape as the wall surface shape of the existing structure, so that it matches the wall shape of the existing structure. New wall surfaces can be constructed.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the first step, a fulcrum that contacts the front surface of the panel main body is provided at one end of the connecting member that is farther away from the end than the attachment position with the panel main body. To do.

  According to this configuration, the fulcrum provided at one end of the connecting member is attached even if a load is applied to the end of the connecting member via the panel main body due to the side pressure of the back portion filled in the back surface of the panel main body. By abutting against the front surface of the panel body on the opposite side across the location, this load can be received even at a fulcrum that abuts against the front surface of the panel body. For this reason, the load applied to the end side of the connecting member is supported by the attachment location of the connection member and the fulcrum provided at one end of the connection member, compared to the case where the connection member is fixed only at the attachment location, The connecting member is securely fixed to the panel body without wobbling.

  Further, in the second step, in the second step, the connecting members of the adjacent panel bodies are fixed to each other by the fall prevention member, or one connecting member of the adjacent panel body and the other panel body The panel main bodies are held by the fall-preventing members by fixing the panels to each other or by fixing the adjacent panel main bodies to each other.

  According to this structure, the panel main body piled up at the 1st process is each connection member of each adjacent panel main body, or one connection member of an adjacent panel main body by the fall prevention member constructed at the 2nd process. And the other panel body, or the adjacent panel bodies themselves, are fixed to each other so as to be held and self-supporting.

Further, the present invention is the second step, the fall prevention member one end to the back of the panel body abuts or engages the back each other in the distance or the panel body between the rear and existing structures panel body opposite The panel body in which the other end of the fall-preventing member abuts or engages with the existing structure or one end by interposing between the back surface of the panel body and the existing structure or between the wall surfaces according to the distance between the wall surfaces configured as described above The panel main body is held by a fall prevention member by being brought into contact with the rear surface of the panel main body facing the rear surface of the panel.

According to this configuration, the fall prevention member, in accordance with the distance between the wall back to each other is configured to face the distance or the panel body between the rear and existing structures panel body, back panel and the existing body be interposed between the structures or between walls, that one end on the back of the panel body and the other end of the fall prevention member abutting or engaging, to abut against the rear surface of the existing structure or opposing panel body, The panel main body piled up at the 1st process is hold | maintained by the fall prevention member constructed at the 2nd process, and becomes independent. Therefore, back each other in the distance or the panel body between the rear and existing structures panel body at a short distance narrow space between the wall surface configured to face, it is possible to construct the wall.

Further, the present invention is, in the second step, the connecting member projecting above the panel body end threadedly engaged with one end of the fall prevention member, the length of the fall prevention member protruding on the rear side of the panel body Rotate the anti-tip member to expand and contract, and the other end of the anti-tip member faces the back of the existing structure or panel body and the back of the panel body or the back of the panel body that forms the wall. The panel main body is held by the fall prevention member by abutting against a connecting member having an end protruding above the panel main body constituting the wall surface.

According to this arrangement, the end of the fall prevention member to an end portion of the connecting member projecting above the panel body is screwed, rotating the safety member against overturning the length of the fall prevention member protruding on the rear side of the panel body The first step by causing the other end of the fall prevention member to abut against the existing structure, the back of the opposing panel body, or the connecting member whose end protrudes above the opposing panel body. The panel body piled up at is held and self-supported by the fall prevention member constructed in the second step. Therefore, back each other in the distance or the panel body between the rear and existing structures panel body at a short distance narrow space between the wall surface configured to face, it is possible to construct the wall.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the third step, the fall prevention member is removed after the back surface of the panel body at each stage below the fall prevention member is filled to a predetermined height by the back-in part.

  According to this configuration, after the back surface of the panel body of each stage is filled up to a predetermined height by the back portion, the fall prevention member is removed, and the removed fall prevention member is used to prevent the fall of other panel bodies. As a result, the number of fall prevention members required for the construction of the wall surface is reduced, and the production cost of the wall surface is reduced.

In the second step, the end of the fall prevention member protruding above the lower panel body may be brought into contact with the back surface of the upper panel body in the second step, or below the upper panel body. The panel body is held by the fall prevention member by bringing the end of the protruding fall prevention member into contact with the back surface of the lower panel body.

According to this configuration, the panel body stacked in the first step, the second step, those Sessu end of the fall prevention member projecting above the lower panel body on the back of the upper panel body Rukoto in, or the end of the fall prevention member projecting downward of the upper panel main body in this Sessu Rukoto the back of the lower panel body, self-supporting is held.

Further, the present invention is a second process, fall prevention member, characterized in that the engagement surface abuts the adjacent panel body is provided so as there will be a panel body at a predetermined distance adjacent.

According to this configuration, when the panel body is stacked by curve construction performed without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies, the panel body stacked below and the panel body stacked above are not one surface, the upper and lower panels Intrusion occurs between the front side or the back side of the main body, and the engagement surface of the fall prevention member and the adjacent panel main body collide with each other. However, according to this configuration, the fall prevention member, because the engagement surface abuts the adjacent panel body is provided so as there will be a panel body at a predetermined distance adjacent, this prearranged clearance It is possible to stack the panel main bodies with good work efficiency by the curve construction performed without matching the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies without colliding with the engaging surface of the fall prevention member and the adjacent panel main body. In addition, when the panel body is efficiently piled up in a state where the fall prevention member is attached in advance to the back surface of the panel body due to the gap provided in advance, the panel body and the fall prevention member do not interfere with each other. The panel body can be stacked smoothly. Also, when the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies is aligned, and the panel body stacked below and the panel body stacked above are one surface, as described above, the panel body and the fall prevention member are mutually The panel body can be stacked smoothly without interference.

Further, the present invention is the second step, and characterized in that the fall prevention member is brought into contact to the adjacent panel body via the out freely adjusting jig to the engagement surface abutting the adjacent panel body To do.

According to this arrangement, fall prevention member, through and out freely adjusting jig to the engagement surface abutting the adjacent panel body, to abut the adjacent panel body, the back of the upper and lower panel body even if but not to flush, by adjusting the loading and unloading of the adjustment jig to the engagement surface abutting the adjacent panel body, easily wobbling the end of the fall prevention member on the back of the upper and lower panel body can be brought into contact without the working efficiency curve construction is improved performed without aligning the positional relationship of the upper and lower panel body.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the second step, a fulcrum that is in contact with the back surface of the panel body is provided at one end of the fall prevention member that is farther away from the end portion than the attachment position with the panel body. And

  According to this configuration, even when some load is applied to the end side of the fall prevention member from the front side of the panel body through the panel body during the stacking operation of the panel body, the fulcrum provided at one end of the fall prevention member This contact is also received at the fulcrum that contacts the back surface of the panel body by contacting the back surface of the panel body on the opposite side across the mounting location. For this reason, the load applied to the end portion side of the fall prevention member is supported by the attachment location of the fall prevention member and the fulcrum provided at one end of the fall prevention member, and the fall prevention member is fixed only at the attachment location. Compared to the above, the fall prevention member is securely fixed to the panel body without wobbling.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the first step, the connecting member is formed separately from the panel main body and is detachably or pivotably attached to the panel main body.

  According to this configuration, since the connecting member is formed separately from the panel main body, the connecting member and the panel main body can be manufactured separately and inexpensively. When the connecting member and the panel main body are manufactured integrally, Compared with this, the cost of manufacturing the wall can be greatly reduced. Further, when stacking the panel main body without considering the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies, the connecting members provided on the upper and lower panel main bodies collide with each other. However, in the case where the connecting member is detachably attached to the panel body, it is possible to avoid collision between the connecting members by removing one of the connecting members that collide or by shifting the connecting member to another position. In addition, in the case where the connecting member is rotatably attached to the panel body, the connection member is connected by rotating one end portion of the connecting member that collides with the panel body on the front surface of the panel body around the attachment position. Collisions between members can be avoided.

  According to the present invention, as described above, when the panels are stacked, the positional relationship between the upper and lower panels is shifted, so that the bolt holes and connection holes of the upper and lower panels do not match each other, and the upper and lower panels are not aligned. Panels cannot be connected with bolts or screws, and walls cannot be constructed. In addition, the conventional work of fastening the upper and lower panels with bolts and screws and the work of providing temporary support materials to support the panels are not required, so the panel body stacking work efficiency is improved. To do. Moreover, since the shape of the panel body can be made thin and simple, the manufacturing cost of the wall surface can be greatly reduced. In addition, as in the conventional wall construction method in which panel bodies are rigidly connected with bolts etc., the embankment behind the panel sinks or deforms and the load is applied to the back of the panel, causing the panels to be rigidly connected. A flexible and highly durable wall is built-in, which prevents damage to the bolts, etc. that are applied by a large load locally, and damages the wall due to the formation of a cavity on the back side of the panel. A wall surface construction method is provided. In addition, even in narrow places where space cannot be secured on the back of the wall, or places where the space behind the wall is narrowed, the panel body can be stacked without hindrance to construct a new wall to repair existing structures. Reinforcement can be performed.

(A), (b) and (c) are the top view of the panel provided in the lowest step of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 1st Embodiment of this invention, a rear view, and a side view, d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of panels stacked in the second and subsequent stages. (A) is a side view of a wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 1, and (b) is built by a wall surface construction method according to a first modification of the first embodiment. (C) is a partial side view of a wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the second modification of the first embodiment, and (d) is a first side view of the wall surface structure to be constructed. It is a partial side view of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 3rd modification of embodiment of this. FIG. 2 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 1. It is a front view of the panel loaded in the 2nd step | paragraph or more for demonstrating the structure by which the connection member is rotatably attached in the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by 1st Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the entrance / exit of the panel produced when carrying out the curve construction of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method of the 2nd modification of 1st Embodiment, (a) And (c) is A plan view and a side view of a wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method of the second modified example of the first embodiment in which a plurality of panels are stacked by the potato stacking method, and (b) and (d) are They are the top view and side view of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method of the 2nd modification of 1st Embodiment which piled up the panel by the staggered stacking system, and carried out the curve construction. (A), (b), and (c) are the top view of the panel provided in the lowest step of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, a rear view, and a side view, d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of panels stacked in the second and subsequent stages. It is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up the panel shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up the panel main body shown in FIG. It is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up the panel shown in FIG. 6 by stacking a plurality of stages in the wall surface construction method according to the first modification of the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 9. It is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up the panel shown in FIG. 6 by stacking a plurality of stages in the wall surface construction method according to the second modification of the second embodiment. (A), (b), and (c) are the top view of the panel provided in the lowest step of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 3rd modification of 2nd Embodiment, a rear view, and a side surface Figures (d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of panels stacked in the second and subsequent stages. (A) is a side view of a wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 12, and (b) is constructed by a wall surface construction method according to a fourth modification of the second embodiment. It is a partial side view of the wall surface structure. FIG. 13 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 12. (A), (b) and (c) are the top view and rear view of the panel loaded after the 2nd step | paragraph of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 5th modification of 2nd Embodiment. And a side view. (A), (b), and (c) are the top view of the panel provided in the lowest step of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, a rear view, and a side view, d) is a side view of the panel provided in the second stage, and (e), (f), and (g) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of the panels stacked in the third stage and thereafter. It is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up the panel shown in FIG. FIG. 17 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 16. (A), (b) and (c) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of a panel provided at the lowest stage of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention; d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of panels stacked in the second and subsequent stages. (A) is a side view of a wall surface structure in the process of building a panel shown in FIG. 19 by stacking a plurality of stages, and (b) is built by a wall surface building method according to a first modification of the fourth embodiment. It is a partial side view of the wall surface structure. FIG. 20 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 19. (A), (b) and (c) are the top view and rear view of the panel loaded after the 2nd step | paragraph of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 2nd modification of 4th Embodiment. And a side view. (A), (b) and (c) are the top view and rear view of the panel loaded after the 2nd step | paragraph of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 3rd modification of 4th Embodiment. And a side view. (A), (b), and (c) are the top view of the panel provided in the lowest step of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 5th Embodiment of this invention, a rear view, and a side view, d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of panels stacked in the second and subsequent stages. (A) is a side view of a wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 24, and (b) is built by a wall surface building method according to a first modification of the fifth embodiment. It is a partial side view of the wall surface structure. (A), (b), and (c) are the top view of the panel provided in the lowest step of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 6th Embodiment of this invention, a rear view, and a side view, d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of panels stacked in the second and subsequent stages. (A) is a side view of a wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 26, and (b) is a wall surface building method according to the first modification of the sixth embodiment. It is a partial side view of the wall surface structure. (A), (b) and (c) are the top view of the panel provided in the lowest step of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 7th Embodiment of this invention, a rear view, and a side view, d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of panels stacked in the second and subsequent stages. (A) is a side view of a wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 28, and (b) is a wall surface building method according to a first modification of the seventh embodiment. It is a partial side view of the wall surface structure. FIG. 29 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels shown in FIG. 28. (A), (b) and (c) are the top view and rear view of the panel loaded after the 2nd step | paragraph of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 2nd modification of 7th Embodiment. And a side view. It is a top view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel loaded after the second stage of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the third modification of the seventh embodiment.

  Next, a first embodiment of the wall surface construction method according to the present invention will be described.

  1A, 1B, and 1C are a plan view, a rear view, a side view, and a side view of a panel 1A provided at the lowest stage of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the first embodiment. Figures (d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of the panel 1B stacked in the second and subsequent stages.

  The panel main body 1a constituting the panels 1A and 1B is made of concrete having a rectangular plate shape and having a predetermined thickness (about 3 cm to 10 cm), and a pattern is provided with unevenness on the front surface. In the panel body 1a, the front side of the left side surface protrudes to the left side, and the back side of the right side surface protrudes to the right side.

  Two connecting members 2a are provided above the front surface of the panel body 1a. These connecting members 2a are formed by bending the short side direction of a rectangular metal plate material vertically. The connecting member 2a is provided with three holes at the other end, one end, and one end. The bolt 4a is inserted into a hole near one end of the connecting member 2a and is inserted into the adjusting member 8a, and the bolt 4a is screwed into an insert nut embedded in the front surface of the panel body 1a. One end is attached to the panel main body 1a, and the other end constituting the end protrudes upward from the front side of the upper side of the panel main body 1a and is attached to the panel main body 1a.

  Further, nuts 5b and 5c are welded to the other end and one end of the connecting member 2a, and the bolts 4b and 4c are screwed into the nuts 5b and 5c. The connection member 2a is provided with a fulcrum that abuts against the front surface of the panel main body 1a at one end farther away from the other end than the position where the bolt 4a is attached to the panel main body 1a. Each anchor bolt 4d is screwed into two insert nuts embedded in the thickness direction of the panel body 1a on the back surface of the panel body 1a, so that each anchor bolt 4d protrudes from the back surface of the panel body 1a. Is fixed.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 2C, the two upper connecting members 2a of the panel 1A constitute a first connecting member, and one end is fixed to the panel main body 1a. The end protrudes upward from the front side of the upper side of the panel body 1a and is provided on the panel body 1a. Further, the holding block 6a provided at the lower back of the panel body 1 of the panel 1A is made of concrete and provided with a hole. The bolt 4e is inserted into this hole and the bolt 4e is screwed into an insert nut embedded in the back surface of the panel body 1a, whereby the holding block 6a is fixed to the back surface of the panel body 1a. The block 6a may be made of steel such as a shape steel or a flat steel, and is provided extending to the back side of the lowermost panel body 1a. The recording block 6a is formed separately from the panel main body 1a to make the panel main body 1a self-supporting.

  As shown in FIGS. 4D, 4E, and 2F, on the front surface of the panel main body 1a of the panel 1B, two upper connecting members 2a are fixed to the panel main body 1a at one end and the other end is connected to the other side. Projecting upward from the front side of the upper side of the panel body 1a, the panel body 1a is provided on the panel body 1a. The two lower connecting members 2a constitute a second connecting member, one end is fixed to the panel body 1a, and the other end protrudes downward from the front side of the lower side of the panel body 1a. Is provided. The upper connecting member 2a and the lower connecting member 2a are arranged on the front surface of the panel body 1a so as to be shifted by a predetermined distance so as not to align with each other in one direction.

  Similar to the connecting member 2a, the fall prevention member 3a is formed by bending the short side direction of a rectangular metal plate material vertically, and is provided with a hole at one location. An anchor bolt 4d is inserted into the hole of the fall prevention member 3a, the anchor bolt 4d is screwed into an insert nut embedded in the back surface of the panel main body 1a, and tightened with the nut 5d. It is fixed to the back surface of the main body 1a. That is, the two fall prevention members 3a on the lower side of the panel 1B constitute a second fall prevention member, one end is fixed to the panel main body 1a, and the other end constituting the end is the lower back surface of the panel main body 1a. Projecting downward from the side, the panel body 1a is provided. In addition, the upper end of the fall prevention member 3a on the lower side of the panel 1B, which is farther away from the attachment portion of the anchor bolt 4d to the panel main body 1a than the lower end, constitutes a fulcrum that contacts the back surface of the panel main body 1a.

  FIG. 2A is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building the panels 1A and 1B shown in FIG. 1 by stacking a plurality of stages by the wall surface construction method of the present embodiment. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  First, the panel body 1 a of the lowermost panel 1 </ b> A is installed on the foundation 11 on the crushed stone 16. At this time, a triangular pillar-shaped sleeper 12 is installed at the rear end of the holding block 6a provided extending from the position higher than the lower end of the panel main body 1a to the back side, and the inclination angle of the panel 1A is based on the inclination angle. 11 is adjusted perpendicular to the surface. Further, a scissor line 13 is installed at the lower front end of the panel main body 1a via a wedge 14, so that the lowermost panel main body 1a protrudes forward and is prevented from falling over. Note that the spare block 6a may be provided not on the lowermost panel body 1a but on the panel body 1a of the panel 1B stacked in the second and subsequent stages.

  Next, the concrete 15 is placed on the back surface of the panel main body 1a of the lowermost panel 1A installed to a height A that is about half of the panel main body 1a. Thereby, the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1A is fixed on the foundation 11 together with the holding block 6a. This completes the preparation.

  Next, in the first step, the panel body 1a of the second panel 1B is stacked on the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1A installed. At this time, the other end of the upper connecting member 2a of the panel 1A comes into contact with the front surface of the panel main body 1a of the upper panel 1B and engages with the upper panel main body 1a. The panel body 1a of the panels 1A and 1B stacked vertically vertically is adjacent to the upper and lower panels by contacting the front surface of the panel body 1a of the lower panel 1A and engaging the lower panel body 1a. A wall surface is formed by engaging with the main body 1a.

  Here, each connecting member 2a is provided by an adjusting member 8a so that an engagement surface 2a1 that engages with the adjacent panel body 1a is spaced from the front surface of the adjacent panel body 1a by a predetermined distance 9. In the predetermined interval 9, each connecting member 2a is engaged with the adjacent panel body 1a via each bolt 4b. The bolt 4b constitutes an adjustment jig that can be inserted into and removed from the engaging surface 2a1 that engages with the adjacent panel body 1a.

  Next, in the second step, the other end protrudes downward from the panel body 1a of the upper panel 1B and one end is fixed to the back surface of the panel body 1a of the upper panel 1B. Is brought into contact with and engaged with the back surface of the panel main body 1a of the lower panel 1A, the panel main body 1a of the panel 1B is held by the fall prevention member 3a, and the panel main body 1a of the panel 1B falls. To prevent. The fall prevention member 3a may be attached to the back surface of the panel body 1a of the panel 1B after the first step, or the fall prevention member 3a is previously attached to the back surface of the panel body 1a of the panel 1B. Two steps may be efficiently performed simultaneously with the first step.

  Next, in the third step, the concrete 15 is placed on the back surface of each panel body 1a of the panels 1A and 1B stacked in two steps up to a height B that is about half of the panel body 1a of the second panel 1B. Is done. At this time, the long anchor bolt 4d protruding from the back surface of each panel body 1a is buried by the concrete 15 and becomes an anchor that prevents the wall surface constituted by the panels 1A and 1B from falling to the front side after curing.

  Next, in the fourth step, after the concrete 15 is cured, the panel main body of the lowermost panel 1A is engaged with the panel main bodies 1a whose back surfaces are filled with the concrete 15 to a predetermined height in the third step. The upper connecting member 2a of 1a and the lower connecting member 2a of the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1B are removed. At this time, the upper connecting member 2a of the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1B is engaged with the panel body 1a of the third-stage panel 1B and is not removed. Thereafter, the third-stage panel 1B is similarly stacked on the second-stage panel 1B by using the connecting members 2a and the fall-preventing members 3a, and the concrete 15 is similarly placed up to the height C behind it. Thereafter, the cycle of the first to fourth steps is repeated to construct the wall surface.

  In addition, the 3rd process which fills the back surface of the panel main body 1a of each step | level mentioned above to the predetermined height with the concrete 15 is performed after completion | finish of the arbitrary panel stacking cycles by a 1st and 2nd process, and a wall surface is constructed | assembled It may be. In addition, after the third step of placing the concrete 15, the first to third steps described above are performed a predetermined number of times depending on how the concrete 15 is cured without performing the fourth step of removing the connecting member 2a immediately as described above. The fourth step of removing the connecting member 2a attached to the panel main body 1a on the front surface of the hardened concrete 15 may be performed after an arbitrary step in which the concrete 15 is sufficiently hardened. Similarly, in each wall surface construction method described below, the third step of filling with the concrete 15 may be performed after completion of any of the panel stacking cycles of the first and second steps. Further, the fourth step of removing the connecting member 2a may be performed after the first to third steps are performed a predetermined number of times without being performed immediately after the third step of placing the concrete 15.

  FIG.2 (b) is a partial side view of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 1st modification of 1st Embodiment mentioned above. In FIG. 4B, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5A, the lower tipping prevention member 3a whose other end protrudes downward from the upper panel body 1a and whose one end is fixed to the back surface of the upper panel body 1a. The other end is in contact with the back surface of the lower panel body 1a. However, in the first modification shown in FIG. 5B, the other end constituting the end projects upward from the lower panel body 1a, and one end is fixed to the back of the lower panel body 1a. The other end of the prevention member 3a is in contact with the back surface of the upper panel body 1a. This upper fall prevention member 3a constitutes a first fall prevention member. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  FIG.2 (c) is a partial side view of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 2nd modification of 1st Embodiment mentioned above. In FIG. 8C, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 9A are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the second modified example shown in FIG. 5C, the adjusting member 8a is inserted between the mounting surface of the fall prevention member 3a attached to the back surface of the panel body 1a and the panel body 1a, and the fall prevention member 3a. Is configured to be attached to the panel body 1a. With this configuration, the other end protruding downward of the fall prevention member 3a has a predetermined distance between the adjacent panel body 1a and the engagement surface 3a1 of the fall prevention member 3a engaged with the adjacent panel body 1a. 10 is opened.

  A nut 5f is welded to a hole provided at the lower end of the fall prevention member 3a, and a bolt 4f is screwed into the nut 5f. The bolt 4f constitutes an adjustment jig that can be freely inserted into and removed from the engaging surface 3a1 side that engages with the adjacent lower panel body 1a, and the bolt 4f contacts and engages with the back surface of the adjacent lower panel body 1a. doing. Moreover, in 1st Embodiment, as shown to the same figure (a), the upper end of the fall prevention member 3a of the lower side of the panel 1B comprised the fulcrum contact | abutted to the back surface of the panel main body 1a. However, in the second modification shown in FIG. 3C, such a fulcrum is not provided on the fall prevention member 3a. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  FIG.2 (d) is a partial side view of the wall surface structure constructed | assembled by the wall surface construction method by the 3rd modification of 1st Embodiment mentioned above. In FIG. 4D, the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  In the second modified example shown in FIG. 5C, one end of the fall-preventing member 3a is fixed below the back surface of the panel body 1a and the other end is in contact with the back surface of the panel body 1a adjacent to the lower side. The configuration was engaged. On the other hand, in the third modification shown in FIG. 4D, the fall prevention member 3a has one end fixed above the back surface of the panel body 1a and the other end abutting against the back surface of the panel body 1a adjacent to the upper side. To be engaged. The other configuration is the same as that of the second modification.

  FIG. 3 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels 1A and 1B shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2A are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  This wall surface structure is an example in which the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method of the first embodiment described above is constructed on the front surface of the existing retaining wall 21a in order to widen the road. A roadway 22 is provided on the upper portion of the retaining wall 21 a, and a side groove 23 is provided on a side portion of the roadway 22. A new wall surface structure is completed by stacking a plurality of the above-described panels 1A and 1B on the front surface of the retaining wall 21a. When constructing this wall surface structure, a part of the foundation ground 24 in front of the retaining wall 21a is dug down, the crushed stone 16 and the foundation 11 are laid on the dug down part, and the panels 1A and 1B are installed on them. As a result, a new wall surface structure is constructed. The connecting members 2a that are brought into contact with and engaged with the front surface of the panel body 1a are sequentially removed after the back surface of the panel body 1a is placed and fixed by the concrete 15. A sidewalk 25 is provided on the upper portion of the wall surface structure, and a fall prevention fence 26 is newly provided on a side portion of the sidewalk 25. Thus, when a new wall surface structure is constructed on the front surface of the existing structure such as the retaining wall 21 a, lightweight concrete or the like may be used for the concrete 15.

  According to the wall surface construction method according to the first embodiment and the first to third modifications, when the panel body 1a is stacked in a plurality of stages, one end of the upper connecting member 2a attached to the lower panel body 1a The other end is brought into contact with and engaged with the front surface of the upper panel body 1a, and the other end of the lower connecting member 2a attached to the upper panel body 1a is brought into contact with the front surface of the lower panel body 1a. The upper and lower panel main bodies 1a can be supported by holding the panel main body 1a by the fall prevention member 3a.

  For this reason, when stacking the panel main body 1a, it becomes possible to stack without considering the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a. Therefore, when the panels 1A and 1B are stacked, the positional relationship between the upper and lower panels is shifted, so that the bolt holes and the connecting holes of the upper and lower panels do not match each other as in the past, and the upper and lower panels are connected with bolts and screws. You won't be unable to connect to the wall. Further, when the panel main bodies 1a are stacked in a plurality of stages, the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a are supported by simply engaging the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a with the connecting member 2a and holding the panel main body 1a with the fall prevention member 3a. The panel body 1a is self-supporting. That is, the panel body 1a piled up in the first step is prevented from being overturned in the second step, as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2D, with one end fixed to the back surface of the lower panel body 1a. The other end protruding upward of the member 3a is in contact with and engaged with the back surface of the upper panel body 1a, or, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (c), one end is the upper panel body. The other end protruding downward of the lower fall prevention member 3a fixed to the back surface of 1a abuts and engages with the back surface of the lower panel body 1a so that it is held and self-supported. For this reason, the work of fastening the upper and lower panels with bolts and screws and the work of providing temporary support materials for supporting the panels, which have been conventionally performed to make the panels self-supporting, are not required. Will improve. Moreover, since the panel main body 1a can be made thin and simple, the manufacturing cost of the wall surface can be greatly reduced.

  Since the upper and lower panel bodies 1a are not rigidly connected with bolts or the like, when used on the wall surface of a flexible structure such as a reinforced earth method, the embankment or the like behind the panel body 1a sinks or deforms. Then, the panel main body 1a can move following the subsidence and deformation. Therefore, as in the conventional wall construction method in which panel bodies are rigidly connected with bolts etc., the embankment behind the panel sinks or deforms and the load is applied to the back of the panel, causing the panels to be rigidly connected. A flexible and highly durable wall is built-in, which prevents damage to the bolts, etc. that are applied by a large load locally, and damages the wall due to the formation of a cavity on the back side of the panel. A wall surface construction method is provided.

  Moreover, since it is not necessary to install a support material such as a conventional supporting rebar that occupies a wide space on the back surface of the panel body 1a to support the panel body 1a, Even in places where the space on the back side of the building is narrowed, for example, in front of a pier or the like, the panel main body 1a can be stacked without hindrance to construct a new wall surface, and the existing structure can be repaired or reinforced.

  Moreover, according to the wall surface construction method by 1st Embodiment and the 1st-3rd modification, as shown in FIG.1 (e), the upper connection member 2a and the lower connection member 2a are one way. Are arranged on the front surface of the panel body 1a so as not to be aligned with each other, so that the upper panel body is located directly above the panel body 1a stacked below in the case of straight construction where the wall extending direction is straight. When the regular stacking method is performed such that the la is stacked, the lower connecting member 2a of the upper panel main body 1a and the upper connecting member 2a of the lower panel main body 1a are aligned in one direction and overlap each other. Can be avoided.

  Moreover, according to the wall surface construction method by 1st Embodiment and the 1st-3rd modification, the connection member 2a which mutually engages the panel main bodies 1a by which the back was filled to the predetermined height by the back part. As described with reference to FIG. 2 (a), the connecting member 2a, which has been removed in the fourth step and is used for connecting the other panel main bodies 1a, is required for the construction of the wall surface. The number of 2a decreases and the manufacturing cost of a wall surface is reduced.

  In addition, according to the wall surface construction method according to the first embodiment and the first to third modifications, the upper and lower sides of the panel body 1a are caused to have an upper side and a lower side by the side pressure of the back portion filled in the back surface of the panel body 1a. Even if a load is applied to the other end side of each connecting member 2a, one end of the connecting member 2a constituting the fulcrum by the bolt 4c is opposite to the other end of the connecting member 2a sandwiching the mounting location by the bolt 4a. By contacting the front surface, this load can be received even at a fulcrum by the bolt 4c contacting the front surface of the panel body 1a. For this reason, the load concerning the other end side of each connection member 2a of panel 1A, 1B is the fulcrum by the attachment location by the volt | bolt 4a of the connection member 2a of panel 1A, 1B, and the volt | bolt 4c provided in the end of the connection member 2a. And the connecting member 2a is securely fixed to the panel body 1a without wobbling as compared with the case where the connecting member 2a is fixed only at the attachment location by the bolt 4a.

  Further, according to the wall surface construction method according to the first embodiment and the first modified example, during the stacking operation of the panel body 1a, each upper or lower overturn from the front surface side of the panel body 1a via the panel body 1a. Even if a load is applied to the other end side of the prevention member 3a, the fulcrum provided at one end of each fall prevention member 3a in contact with the back surface of the panel main body 1a sandwiches the attachment position of the fall prevention member 3a by the anchor bolt 4d. By contacting the back surface of the panel body 1a on the side opposite to the other end of the fall prevention member 3a, this load can be received at a fulcrum provided at one end of the fall prevention member 3a that is in contact with the back surface of the panel body 1a. . For this reason, the load applied to the other end side of each fall prevention member 3a is supported by the attachment location by the anchor bolt 4d of the fall prevention member 3a and the fulcrum provided at one end of the fall prevention member 3a, and is caused by the anchor bolt 4d. Compared to the case where the fall-preventing member 3a is fixed only at the mounting location, the fall-preventing member 3a is securely fixed to the panel body 1a without wobbling.

  Moreover, according to the wall surface construction method by 1st Embodiment and the 1st-3rd modification, since the connection member 2a is formed separately from the panel main body 1a, the connection member 2a and the panel main body 1a are separately provided. The manufacturing cost of the wall surface can be greatly reduced as compared with the case where the connecting member 2a and the panel main body 1a are manufactured integrally.

  In the first embodiment and the first modification, one end of the fall prevention member 3a of the panel 1B that is farther away from the other end than the attachment position of the anchor bolt 4d to the panel main body 1a is the panel main body. A fulcrum that contacts the back surface of 1a was constructed. However, the connecting member 2a is provided with a gap between the panel body 1a at one end of the panel 1B that is opposite to the other end of the anti-falling member 3a with respect to the panel body 1a by the anchor bolt 4d. A fulcrum that abuts against the back surface of the panel main body 1a by a bolt may be provided, such as the bolt 4c.

  When the panel main body 1a is stacked, if the panel main body 1a is stacked without considering the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a, the connecting members 2a provided on the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a collide with each other. However, since the connecting member 2a is detachably attached to the panel main body 1a, one of the colliding connecting members 2a is removed or shifted to another position and attached to an insert nut or the like previously provided on the front surface of the panel main body 1a. The collision between the connecting members 2a can be avoided. As shown in FIG. 4, the connecting member 2a is attached to the panel body 1a so as to be rotatable around a bolt 4a. FIG. 4 is a front view of the panel 1B stacked in the second and subsequent stages for explaining a configuration in which the connecting member 2a is rotatably attached to the wall surface structure according to the first embodiment. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. Moreover, in the same figure, the fall prevention member 3a attached to the panel body 1a is illustrated, the bolt 4c that is in contact with the front surface of the panel body 1a provided as a fulcrum at one end of the connecting member 2a, and an adjustment jig. Illustration of the bolt 4b is omitted. Further, the mounting width of the two upper connecting members 2a and the mounting width of the two lower connecting members 2a shown in FIG. For this reason, as shown in the figure, the other end of the connecting member 2a that collides is rotated on the front surface of the panel main body 1a around the attachment position with the panel main body 1a by the bolt 4a. You can avoid collisions.

  Moreover, when the panel main body 1a is piled up by the curve construction performed without aligning the positional relationship of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a by the wall surface construction method shown in FIGS. The panel main body 1a does not become one surface, and the entrance / exit occurs between the front side or the back side of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a. This entry / exit will be described with reference to FIG.

  5A and 5C are a plan view of a wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method of the second modified example of the first embodiment in which a plurality of panels 1B are piled up by the potato stacking method and curvedly constructed. The side view, (b) and (d) of the same shows the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method of the second modification of the first embodiment in which a plurality of panels 1B are stacked in a staggered manner and curvedly constructed. It is a top view and a side view. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5A and 5B, illustration of members such as the connecting member 2a and the fall prevention member 3a attached to the panel body 1a is omitted. Further, in FIG. 5, the illustration of the pattern provided on the panel body 1a is omitted.

  In the wall surface construction method shown in FIGS. 4A and 4C, the side seam of the panel main bodies 1a arranged in the lower stage and the side seam of the panel main bodies 1a arranged in the upper stage are aligned in the height direction. The panel main body 1a is stacked vertically by a plurality of stages by the potato stacking method in which the panel main bodies 1a are stacked. Further, in the wall surface construction method shown in FIGS. 4B and 4D, the joints of the side edges of the panel bodies 1a arranged in the lower stage and the joints of the side edges of the panel bodies 1a arranged in the upper stage are in the height direction. The panel main bodies 1a are stacked vertically in a plurality of stages by a staggered stacking system in which the panel main bodies 1a are stacked.

  In the second modification shown in FIG. 2 (c), each of the two connecting members 2a protrudes upward and downward from the upper and lower portions of the front surface of the panel body 1a. Similarly, in the case of the staggered stacking method, as shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D, each of the two connecting members 2a protrudes upward and downward from the upper and lower portions of the front surface of the panel body 1a. It has become. In the second modification, the two fall prevention members 3a are provided so as to protrude downward from the lower part of the back surface of the panel body 1a. However, the same applies to the case of the potato stacking method and the staggered stacking method. As shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D, the two fall prevention members 3a are provided so as to protrude downward from the lower part of the back surface of the panel body 1a.

  On the other hand, in the 2nd modification mentioned above, the fulcrum which contact | abuts the front surface of the panel main body 1a at the one end of the connection members 2a of the panels 1A and 1B which is farther away from the other end than the mounting position with the panel main body 1a. However, such a fulcrum is not provided in the connecting member 2a of FIG.

  When the panel body 1a is stacked in a plurality of stages by curve construction by the potato stacking method, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4C, the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies 1a does not enter or exit. On the other hand, when the panel main body 1a is stacked in a plurality of stages by curve construction performed without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a by a staggered stacking method other than the tuber stacking, as shown in FIGS. In addition, the lower panel body 1a and the upper panel body 1a are arranged so that their vertical positions are not aligned, and the front and back surfaces of the upper and lower panel bodies 1a are not flush with each other. That is, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 5B, the upper panel body 1a indicated by the solid line and the panel body 1a indicated by the dotted line provided below the lower line are displaced due to the curved construction. The panel main body 1a enters and exits. Further, as shown in the side view of FIG. 4D, when the panel main body 1a is viewed from the side, entry / exit occurs between the front side and the back side of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a.

  According to such a wall structure shown in FIGS. 5B and 5D, when the panel body 1a is stacked without curving the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies 1a by curve construction, the panel body 1a stacked below The panel main body 1a stacked on the upper side is not one surface, and the entrance / exit occurs between the front side and the back side of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a. However, according to this configuration, the engagement surface 2a1 of the connecting member 2a that engages with the adjacent panel body 1a is provided so as to have a predetermined distance 9 from the adjacent panel body 1a. The panel main body 1a is piled up with good working efficiency by curving without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a without causing the engaging surface 2a1 of the connecting member 2a to collide with the adjacent panel main body 1a due to the gap formed. It becomes possible. In addition, when the panel body 1a is efficiently stacked with the preliminarily provided gap in a state where the fall prevention member 3a is attached in advance to the back surface of the panel body 1a, the panel body 1a and the connecting member 2a interfere with each other. The panel main body 1a can be smoothly piled up without doing so. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, when an uneven pattern is attached to the front surface of the panel body 1a, the panel body 1a can be smoothly stacked without the connecting member 2a interfering with the pattern. Further, the above-described case is also shown in FIGS. 5A and 5C in which the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a are aligned so that the panel main body 1a stacked on the lower side and the panel main body 1a stacked on the upper side are in one plane. As described above, the panel body 1a can be smoothly stacked without causing the panel body 1a and the connecting member 2a to interfere with each other.

  Moreover, according to the wall surface construction method by 1st Embodiment and the 1st-3rd modification, the adjustment material 8a is inserted between the attachment surface attached to the panel main body 1a of the connection member 2a, and the panel main body 1a. Thus, a predetermined interval 9 between the engaging surface 2a1 that engages the adjacent panel body 1a of the connecting member 2a and the adjacent panel body 1a is a large amount of entering and exiting between the upper and lower panel bodies 1a. It is adjusted accordingly. By this adjustment, the panel main body 1a can be piled up by curve construction performed without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a without causing the engaging surface 2a1 of the connecting member 2a to collide with the adjacent panel main body 1a.

  Further, according to the wall surface construction method according to the first embodiment and the first to third modifications, the connecting member 2a is inserted into the engaging surface 2a1 side that engages with the adjacent panel body 1a via the bolt 4b that can be freely inserted and removed. Even if the front surfaces of the upper and lower panel bodies 1a are not flush with each other because they engage with the adjacent panel bodies 1a, By adjusting the insertion / extraction of the bolt 4b to / from the engaging surface 2a1 that engages with the adjacent panel body 1a, the other end of the connecting member 2a is easily supported on the front surface of the upper and lower panel bodies 1a without wobbling. Can be combined.

  Further, according to the wall surface construction method according to the second and third modifications of the first embodiment, when the panel body 1a is stacked by curving work performed without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies 1a, the panel body 1a is stacked downward. The panel main body 1a and the panel main body 1a stacked on the upper side do not form a single surface, but come in and out between the front and back sides of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a, and are adjacent to the engagement surface 3a1 of the fall prevention member 3a. The main body 1a collides. However, according to this configuration, as shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D, the engagement surface 3a1 at the other end of the fall prevention member 3a engaged with the adjacent panel body 1a is adjacent to the adjacent panel body. 1a and the predetermined interval 10 are provided so that the engagement surface 3a1 at the other end of the fall-preventing member 3a and the adjacent panel body 1a do not collide with each other due to the predetermined gap. It becomes possible to pile up the panel main body 1a efficiently by the curve construction performed without aligning the positional relationship of the panel main body 1a. In addition, when the panel body 1a is efficiently stacked with the preliminarily provided gap in a state where the fall prevention member 3a is attached in advance to the back surface of the panel body 1a, the panel body 1a and the fall prevention member 3a are mutually connected. The panel main body 1a can be smoothly stacked without interference. Further, the above-described case is also shown in FIGS. 5A and 5C in which the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a are aligned so that the panel main body 1a stacked on the lower side and the panel main body 1a stacked on the upper side are in one plane. As described above, the panel body 1a can be smoothly piled up without interfering between the panel body 1a and the fall prevention member 3a.

  Moreover, according to the wall surface construction methods according to the second and third modifications shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D, the fall prevention member 3a is engaged with the adjacent panel body 1a on the side of the engagement surface 3a1. The engaging surface 3a1 engages with the adjacent panel main body 1a even when the back surfaces of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a are not flush with each other because the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a are engaged with each other through the bolts 4f that can be freely inserted and removed. By adjusting the insertion and removal of the bolts 4f to and from the other end, the other end of the fall prevention member 3a can be easily engaged with the back of the upper and lower panel bodies 1a without wobbling, and the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies 1a is aligned. The work efficiency of curve construction to be performed is improved.

  2A and 2B, the fall prevention member 3a has a thickness of the panel main body 1a at the attachment portion of each fall prevention member 3a by each anchor bolt 4d of the panels 1A and 1B. By being thicker than the thickness of the adjacent panel main body 1a at the part facing the engaging surface 3a1 of 3a, the adjacent panel main body 1a and the engaging surface 3a1 of each fall prevention member 3a that engages with the adjacent panel main body 1a The other end protruding downward or upward of the fall prevention member 3a is in contact with the back surface of the lower or upper panel body 1a. However, the thickness of the panel body 1a at the mounting portion of the fall prevention member 3a is increased so that the other end does not contact the back of the thick part of the adjacent panel body 1a, or the other end of the fall prevention member 3a. The length of the side is shortened so that the other end does not reach the thick part of the adjacent panel body 1a, and a predetermined interval 10 is provided between the other end of the fall prevention member 3a and the back surface of the panel body 1a. Alternatively, it may be configured. Even in this configuration, when the curved construction is performed without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies 1a, the engagement surface between the adjacent panel body 1a and the fall-preventing member 3a even if the upper and lower panel bodies 1a are moved in and out. The panel body 1a can be stacked without colliding with 3a1.

  2 (a) and 2 (b) is provided with an adjusting member 8a at the attachment portion to the panel body 1a, and the engagement surface 2a1 at the other end is adjacent to the adjacent panel body 1a at a predetermined interval. The configuration with 9 punches has been described. However, since the thickness of the panel main body 1a at the attachment portion of the connecting member 2a to the panel main body 1a is thicker than the thickness of the adjacent panel main body 1a at the portion facing the engaging surface 2a1 of the connecting member 2a, the adjacent panel You may make it the structure which has the predetermined space | interval 9 between the main body 1a and the engaging surface 2a1. Even in this configuration, when the curved construction is performed without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a, the engagement surface 2a1 between the adjacent panel main body 1a and the connecting member 2a is generated even if the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a are moved in and out. The panel body 1a can be stacked without colliding with each other.

  FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel 1C provided at the lowest stage of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Figures (d), (e) and (f) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of the panel 1D stacked in the second and subsequent stages. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the two fall prevention members 3a are provided so as to protrude downward from the lower part of the back surface of the panel main body 1a. However, in the present embodiment, the back surface of the panel main body 1a is provided. Such a fall prevention member 3a is not provided.

  Further, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the recording block 6a is fixed to the back surface of the panel main body 1a of the lowermost panel 1A. However, in the present embodiment, FIG. As shown in (b) and (c), an L-shaped support member 6b bent into an L shape is fixed to the back surface of the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1A. A hole is provided in the vertically bent piece of the L-shaped support member 6b. An anchor bolt 4d is inserted into this hole, and the anchor bolt 4d is screwed into an insert nut embedded in the back surface of the panel body 1a. . In this state, the L-shaped support member 6b is fixed to the back surface of the panel body 1a by tightening the nut 5d.

  FIG. 7 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up a plurality of stacked panels 1C and 1D shown in FIG. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 2 and 6 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  First, in the preparation, the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1C is installed on the foundation 11 made of concrete. At this time, the bolt 4g is vertically embedded in the foundation 11, and the protruding tip of the bolt 4g is passed through a hole provided in the horizontal bent piece of the L-shaped support member 6b, and the nut 5g is tightened. The panel body 1a and the L-shaped support member 6b of the panel 1C are fixed to the foundation 11. At this time, the vertical reinforcing bar 31a having a lower end embedded in the concrete base 11 is provided to extend in the vertical direction. Next, the back surface of the panel main body 1a of the panel 1C is filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height. At this time, a turnbuckle 3b is preliminarily interposed between the upper back of the panel body 1a of the panel 1C and the pier 30 and is removed after the concrete 15 is placed.

  Next, in the first step, the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1D is stacked on the panel body 1a of the installed lowermost panel 1C.

  Next, in the second step, the removed turnbuckle 3b constituting the fall prevention member is brought into contact with the back surface of the panel body 1a of the panel 1D and the other end is brought into contact with the pier 30 which is an existing structure. Thus, the panel body 1a of the panel 1D is held by the turnbuckle 3b. At this time, the trunk portion of the turnbuckle 3b is rotated, and the turnbuckle 3b is expanded and contracted in accordance with the distance between the back surface of the panel body 1a of the panel 1D and the pier 30, so that both ends of the turnbuckle 3b are connected to the panel body 1a. The turnbuckle 3b is interposed between the back surface of the panel main body 1a and the pier 30 in contact with the back surface and the pier 30. Further, the horizontal reinforcing bar 31b is engaged with the anchor bolt 4d on the back surface of the panel body 1a of the panel 1D, the horizontal reinforcing bar 31b is fixed to the vertical reinforcing bar 31a, and the reinforcing bar 31 composed of the vertical reinforcing bar 31a and the horizontal reinforcing bar 31b is assembled.

  The panel main body 1a of the panel 1D is self-supporting by the connecting member 2a and the turnbuckle 3b. Moreover, the panel main body 1a of each panel 1C, 1D is compared with the case where the anchor bolt 4d on the back surface is engaged with the horizontal reinforcing bar 31b so that the protruding anchor bolt 4d is simply embedded in the concrete 15 and fixed. Is more firmly fixed to the backing portion. Moreover, the assembly accuracy of the reinforcing bar 31 is improved by engaging the horizontal reinforcing bar 31b with the anchor bolt 4d on the back of the panel body 1a that is regularly installed.

  Next, in the third step, the back surface of the panel body 1a of the panel 1D below the turnbuckle 3b is filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height, and after the concrete 15 is hardened, the turnbuckle 3b is removed.

  Next, in the fourth step, after the concrete 15 is cured, the panel main body of the lowermost panel 1C that engages the panel main bodies 1a whose back surfaces are filled with the concrete 15 to a predetermined height in the third step. The upper connecting member 2a of 1a and the lower connecting member 2a of the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1D are removed. At this time, the upper connecting member 2a of the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1D is not removed because it is engaged with the panel body 1a of the third-stage panel 1D. By repeating these steps, the panel body 1a is stacked and a wall surface is constructed.

  FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the wall surface structure in the process of stacking and constructing a plurality of panel main bodies 1a shown in FIG. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  This wall surface structure is an example in which the wall surface structure shown in FIG. When constructing this wall surface structure, as described above, after the concrete 15 placed on the back surface of the panel body 1a is cured, the panel bodies 1a whose back surfaces are buried to a predetermined height by the concrete 15 are engaged with each other. The upper connecting member 2a of the lower panel body 1a and the lower connecting member 2a of the upper panel body 1a are removed.

  According to such a wall surface construction method according to the second embodiment, the turnbuckle 3b is interposed between the back surface of the panel body 1a and the pier 30 in accordance with the distance between the back surface of the upper panel body 1a and the pier 30. The panel body 1a stacked in the first step is constructed in the second step by bringing the other end of the turnbuckle 3b whose one end abuts against the back surface of the upper panel body 1a into contact with the pier 30. The turnbuckle 3b is held and becomes independent. For this reason, a wall surface can be constructed even in a narrow place where the distance between the back surface of the upper panel body 1a and the pier 30 is short. As shown in the figure, when the wall structure is constructed on the front surface of the pier 30, it is not necessary to perform the bolt and screw fastening work on the back side of the narrow wall surface, and the work can be performed from the front side of the wall surface. The stacking work efficiency of the panel body 1a is improved.

  In addition, according to the wall surface construction method according to the second embodiment, the turnbuckle 3b is removed after the back surface of the panel main body 1a of each step is filled to a predetermined height by the back-in part, and the turnbuckle 3b is removed. Is used to prevent the other panel body 1a from falling, thereby reducing the number of turnbuckles 3b required for the wall surface construction and reducing the wall surface production cost.

  In this embodiment, the shape of the wall surface structure surrounding the pier 30 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape in accordance with the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the pier 30. However, when surrounding the pier with a circular cross section, the shape of the wall surface structure is cylindrical. It becomes a shape. Further, in the present embodiment, the wall surface structure is constructed around the pier 30. For example, the wall surface structure of the present embodiment is cylindrical on the outer wall facing the cavity of a structure having a cavity inside such as a hole. The structure constructed in a shape may be used. In this case, the front surface of the panel body faces the cavity side of the structure. Here, when the size of the cylindrical structure is small, the shape of the wall surface formed by the flat panel main body 1a is not a cylindrical shape but a polygonal shape. For this reason, you may make it comprise the panel main body 1a by shape | molding in a curved surface shape according to the bending method of a cylindrical structure.

  FIG. 9 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of stacking and building panels 1C and 1D shown in FIG. 6 by a wall surface construction method according to the first modification of the second embodiment. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  In the second embodiment described above shown in FIG. 7, the panels 1C and 1D are stacked to construct the wall surface structure in front of the pier 30. In the first modification shown in FIG. Concrete 15 is sequentially placed between a pair of wall surfaces configured so that the back surfaces face each other, thereby constructing a wall surface structure. Further, in the above-described second embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the pattern is provided on the front surface of the panel body 1a. However, in the first modification shown in FIG. An uneven pattern is not provided on the surface of the panel body 1a on the wall surface on the right side of the figure.

  When building a wall surface by the wall surface construction method according to the first modification, first, in the preparation, the panel main body 1a of each panel 1C in the lowermost stage is installed with the back surface facing each other. At this time, as in the second embodiment, the panel body 1a of each panel 1C is self-supported on the base 11 by the L-shaped support member 6b, the scissors 13 and the wedge 14. Then, with the turnbuckle 3b preliminarily interposed between the panel main bodies 1a of each panel 1C, the concrete 15 is placed between the panel main bodies 1a of each panel 1C to a height below the turnbuckle 3b. The turnbuckle 3b is removed.

  Next, in the first step, the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1D is stacked on the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1C, the rear surfaces of which are opposed to each other. Next, in the second step, both ends of the removed turnbuckle 3b that constitutes the fall prevention member are brought into contact with the back surface of the panel body 1a of each second-stage panel 1D that is installed with the back surfaces facing each other. Thus, the panel body 1a of each panel 1D is held by the turnbuckle 3b. At this time, the body portion of the turnbuckle 3b is rotated, and the turnbuckle 3b is extended or shrunk in accordance with the distance between the opposing back surfaces of the panel body 1a of each panel 1D. The turnbuckles 3b are interposed between the back surfaces of the panel main bodies 1a in contact with the back surfaces of the 1a.

  Further, the horizontal reinforcing bar 31b is engaged with the anchor bolt 4d on the back surface of the panel body 1a of each panel 1C, 1D, the horizontal reinforcing bar 31b is fixed to the vertical reinforcing bar 31a, and the reinforcing bar 31 is assembled. In order to construct a high-strength wall structure, reinforcing bars 31 arranged in a lattice shape are provided to extend in the vertical direction between a pair of wall surfaces configured so that the back surfaces of the panel body 1a face each other. In the lower part of the reinforcing bar 31 extending in the vertical direction, the reinforcing bar 31 extends horizontally in the foundation 11 made of concrete, and the reinforcing bar 31 is assembled in an inverted T shape as a whole. The panel main body 1a of the panel 1D is self-supporting by the connecting member 2a and the turnbuckle 3b. Moreover, the panel main body 1a of each panel 1C, 1D is compared with the case where the protruding anchor bolt 4d is simply embedded in the concrete 15 and fixed by engaging the horizontal reinforcing bar 31b with the anchor bolt 4d on the back surface. Is more firmly fixed to the backing portion. Moreover, the assembly accuracy of the reinforcing bar 31 is improved by engaging the horizontal reinforcing bar 31b with the anchor bolt 4d on the back of the panel body 1a that is regularly installed.

  Next, in the third step, the back surface of the panel body 1a of each panel 1D below the turnbuckle 3b is filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height, and then the turnbuckle 3b is removed. Next, in the fourth step, after the concrete 15 is cured, the panel main body of the lowermost panel 1C that engages the panel main bodies 1a whose back surfaces are filled with the concrete 15 to a predetermined height in the third step. The upper connecting member 2a of 1a and the lower connecting member 2a of the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1D are removed. At this time, the upper connecting member 2a of the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1D is not removed because it is engaged with the panel body 1a of the third-stage panel 1D. By repeating these steps, the panels 1C and 1D are stacked with the back surfaces of the panels 1C and 1D facing each other, and a wall surface is constructed.

  FIG. 10 is a side view of the wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels 1C and 1D shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  Panels 1C and 1D constructed as shown in FIG. 9 are provided on the front surface of the wall surface structure. A roadway 22 and a guard rail 33 are provided on the upper portion of the wall surface structure.

  According to the wall surface construction method according to the first modified example, the turn buckle 3b is interposed between the back surfaces of the panel main bodies 1a in accordance with the distance between the back surfaces of the upper panel main bodies 1a. The panel body 1a stacked in the first step is constructed in the second step by bringing the other end of the turnbuckle 3b whose one end abuts on the back surface of the panel body 1a into contact with the back surface of the opposing panel body 1a. The turnbuckle 3b is held and becomes independent. For this reason, it becomes possible to construct a wall surface even in a narrow place where the distance between the back surfaces of the upper panel bodies 1a is short.

  FIG. 11 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of stacking and building panels 1C and 1D shown in FIG. 6 by a wall surface construction method according to a second modification of the second embodiment. In the figure, parts that are the same as or correspond to those in FIG.

  In a pair of wall surfaces configured so that the back surfaces of the panel body 1a face each other, the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1C on the left wall surface in the figure is the same as the flannel body 1a of the first modification shown in FIG. Although it has a shape, the panel body 1b of the lowermost panel 1C on the right wall surface in the drawing has a height about half that of the panel body 1a of the first modification shown in FIG. For this reason, the upper end height of the left wall surface is different from the upper end height of the right wall surface.

  First, in the preparation, the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1C on the left side wall surface and the panel body 1b of the lowermost panel 1C on the right side wall surface are installed with their back surfaces facing each other. Here, the lowermost panel body 1a on the left side wall surface is long, as shown in the uppermost panel 1D, instead of the upper connecting member 2a in which the bolt 4b is screwed into the nut 5b as shown in FIG. The connecting member 2a in which the bolt 4i is screwed into the nut 5b is attached. Next, the panel body 1a of the upper panel 1D is stacked in two stages on the panel body 1b of the lowermost panel 1C on the right side wall surface.

  And the length of the bolt 4i which comprises the fall prevention member which protrudes in the back side of the lowermost panel main body 1a of a left side wall surface is expanded and contracted by rotating the volt | bolt 4i, and the other end of the volt | bolt 4i comprises a right side wall surface. Each panel main body 1a which opposes is hold | maintained with the volt | bolt 4i by making it contact | abut to the back surface of the 2nd upper-stage panel main body 1a to perform.

  Next, the back surface of each panel body 1a below the bolt 4i is filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height, and after the concrete 15 is hardened, the connecting member 2a in which the bolt 4i is screwed into the nut 5b is removed. As shown in FIG. 6, the connecting member 2a in which the bolt 4b is screwed to the nut 5b is attached. This completes the preparation.

  Next, in the first step, the panel body 1a of the second panel 1D is stacked on the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1C on the left wall surface. The upper connecting member 2a provided on the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1D is attached with the removed connecting member 2a in which the bolt 4i is screwed onto the nut 5b. At the same time, the panel main body 1a of the third-stage panel 1D is stacked on the panel main body 1a of the second-stage panel 1D on the right-side wall surface with the back surface facing the back surface of the left-side wall-panel body 1a.

  Next, in the second step, the length of the bolt 4i protruding to the back side of the upper panel body 1a on the left side wall with the lower upper end height is expanded and contracted by rotating the bolt 4i, and the other end of the bolt 4i is connected to the right side. Each panel main body 1a which opposes is hold | maintained with the volt | bolt 4i by making it contact | abut on the back surface of the upper panel main body 1a which comprises a wall surface.

  Next, in the third step, the back surface of each panel body 1a below the bolt 4i is filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height, and after the concrete 15 is hardened, the connecting member 2a in which the bolt 4i is screwed into the nut 5b is removed. Instead, as shown in FIG. 6, the connecting member 2a in which the bolt 4b is screwed to the nut 5b is attached. Next, in the fourth step, after the concrete 15 is cured as described above, for example, on the left wall surface, the panel main bodies 1a whose back surfaces are filled up to a predetermined height by the concrete 15 in the third step are engaged with each other. The upper connecting member 2a of the panel main body 1a of the panel 1C and the lower connecting member 2a of the panel main body 1a of the second-stage panel 1D are removed. At this time, the upper connecting member 2a of the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1D is not removed because it is engaged with the panel body 1a of the third-stage panel 1D. Next, the third-stage panel body 1a is stacked on the second-stage panel body 1a on the left wall surface, and the fourth-stage panel body 1a is stacked on the third-stage panel body 1a on the right-side wall surface. A wall surface is constructed by repeating the process.

  According to the wall surface construction method according to the second modified example as described above, one end of the bolt 4i is screwed into the protruding portion of the upper connecting member 2a provided in the upper panel body 1a, and the rear surface of the upper panel body 1a. The length of the bolt 4i protruding to the side is expanded and contracted by rotating the bolt 4i, and the other end of the bolt 4i is brought into contact with the back surface of the opposing panel body 1a, whereby the panel body 1a stacked in the first step Is held and self-supported by the bolt 4i constructed in the second step. For this reason, it is possible to construct the wall surface even in a narrow place where the distance between the wall surfaces formed by the back surfaces of the upper panel bodies 1a facing each other is short.

  In the second modified example, as described above, when the wall surface is constructed, the other end of the bolt 4i is placed on the panel body 1a that forms the right wall surface with the back surface facing the back surface of the panel body 1a on the left wall surface. However, the other end of the bolt 4i is connected to the upper surface of the panel main body 1a that forms the right wall surface with the rear surface facing the rear surface of the panel main body 1a on the left wall surface. Or the structure contact | abutted to existing structures, such as the pier 30, may be sufficient.

  In the second modification, as described above, the connecting member 2a to which the bolt 4i is attached is replaced with the connecting member 2a to which the bolt 4b is attached. However, the bolt 4i attached to the connecting member 2a may be removed and replaced with the bolt 4b without replacing the connecting member 2a. Alternatively, the bolt 4i may be rotated without replacing the bolt 4i with the bolt 4b so that the portion protruding from the connecting member 2a to the back side is shortened to a length that the bolt 4b protrudes.

  FIGS. 12A, 12B, and 12C are a plan view and a rear view of a panel 1C provided at the lowest level of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the third modification of the second embodiment. The figure and a side view, (d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of the panel 1D stacked in the second and subsequent stages.

  The panel body 1c of the third modified example has a thinner shape than the panel body 1a of the previous embodiments and modified examples. Further, the connecting member 2b of the third modified example has a plate-like shape unlike the previous embodiments and modified examples, and is provided with a hole at one end. The connecting member 2b is fixed to the front surface of the panel main body 1c by passing bolts 4j through the holes at one end of the connecting member 2b and the holes of the panel main body 1c and tightening the nuts 5j from the back side of the panel main body 1c. The upper connecting member 2b is provided with holes at the other end in addition to one end, and a nut 5k is welded to the hole at the other end.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C, on the front surface of the panel main body 1c of the panel 1C, two upper connecting members 2b are fixed to the panel main body 1c at one end and the other end is connected to the other end. Projecting upward from the front side of the upper side of the panel body 1c, the panel body 1c is provided on the panel body 1c. Further, at two places on the lower part of the panel main body 1c of the panel 1C, bolts 4j are passed through the holes of the panel main body 1c from the front side, protrude to the rear side of the panel main body 1c, and are screwed into the nuts 5j.

  As shown in FIGS. 4D, 4E, and 2F, on the front surface of the panel main body 1c of the panel 1D, two upper connecting members 2b are fixed to the panel main body 1c at one end and the other end is connected to the other end. Projecting upward from the front side of the upper side of the panel body 1c, the panel body 1c is provided on the panel body 1c. In addition, one end of the two lower connecting members 2b is fixed to the panel body 1c, and the other end protrudes downward from the front side of the lower side of the panel body 1c and is provided on the panel body 1c.

  Fig.13 (a) is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process in which the panels 1C and 1D shown in FIG. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 7 and 12 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  When constructing the wall surface, the panel body 1c of the lowermost panel 1C is installed in the preparation. Here, a misalignment stopper 40 is provided between the lower end on the back side of the lowermost panel body 1 c and the structure 41. The misalignment stopper 40 prevents the lower end of the panel body 1c from deviating to the back side. Next, a bolt 4l that constitutes a fall prevention member is screwed into a nut 5k that protrudes upward and is welded to the protruding portion of the upper connecting member 2b provided on the lowermost panel body 1c. Then, the length of the bolt 4l protruding to the back side of the lowermost panel body 1c is expanded and contracted by rotating the bolt 4l, and the other end of the bolt 4l is brought into contact with the structure 41, whereby the lowermost panel. The 1C panel main body 1c is held by bolts 4l to prevent the rearward fall. Next, the back surface of the panel body 1c below the bolt 4l is filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height, and after the concrete 15 has hardened, the bolt 4l is removed. This completes the preparation.

  Next, in the first step, the panel body 1c of the second panel 1D is stacked on the panel body 1c of the lowermost panel 1C installed. Next, in the second step, the removed bolt 4l is screwed into the nut 5k that protrudes upward and is welded to the protruding portion of the upper connecting member 2b provided in the upper panel body 1c. Then, the length of the bolt 4l protruding to the back side of the upper panel body 1c is expanded and contracted by rotating the bolt 4l, and the other end of the bolt 4l is brought into contact with the structure 41, thereby stacking the panel body 1c. Is held by a bolt 4l to prevent falling to the back side. Next, in the third step, the back surface of the panel body 1c below the bolt 4l is filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height, and after the concrete 15 has hardened, the bolt 4l is removed. Next, in the fourth step, the upper connecting member of the panel main body 1c of the lowermost panel 1C that engages the panel main bodies 1c buried to a predetermined height with the concrete 15 whose back surface is hardened in the third step. The lower connecting member 2b of the panel body 1c of the 2b and second-stage panel 1D is removed. At this time, the upper connecting member 2b of the panel body 1c of the second-stage panel 1D is not removed because it is engaged with the panel body 1c of the third-stage panel 1D. By repeating these steps, the panels 1C and 1D are stacked and a wall surface is constructed.

  In the third step, after the concrete 15 is hardened, the bolt 4l is not removed from the connecting member 2b, but the bolt 4l is rotated so that the protruding portion on the back side of the bolt 4l is withdrawn. In the process, the connecting member 2b to which the bolt 4l is attached may be removed. In this configuration, in the second step, the nut 5k welded to the protruding portion of the upper connecting member 2b is screwed with a newly prepared bolt 4l instead of the removed bolt 4l, or the connecting member 2b The bolt 4l is attached to the nut 5k.

  In the wall surface construction method of the third modification, the panel body 1c is used for the purpose of repairing the surface of the wall surface of the structure 41, makeup, heat insulation, improving durability, and the like in the previous embodiments and modifications. The panel body 1a is thinner than the example panel body 1a, and the space between the panel body 1c and the structure 41 is narrow.

  FIG. 13B is a partial side view of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the fourth modification of the second embodiment described above. In FIG. 4B, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG.

  In the third modification of the second embodiment described above, one end of the bolt 4l is screwed into the protruding portion of the upper connecting member 2b provided in the upper panel body 1c, and the other end of the bolt 4l is structured. It was the structure made to contact | abut the thing 41. FIG. However, in the fourth modified example shown in FIG. 4B, the triangular columnar wedge 3c having one end engaged with the back surface of the upper panel body 1c is connected to the distance between the back surface of the upper panel body 1c and the structure 41. Accordingly, the other end of the wedge 3 c is brought into contact with the structure 41 by being interposed between the back surface of the panel body 1 c and the structure 41. Here, the wedge 3c constitutes a fall prevention member.

  FIG. 14 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels 1C and 1D shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  As shown in the figure, the front surface of the opposing wall surface of the structure 41 is repaired by stacking the panel body 1c on the front surface of the opposing wall surface of the aged structure 41 as described above.

  FIGS. 15A, 15B, and 15C are plan views of panels 1D stacked after the second stage of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the fifth modification of the second embodiment. FIG. 3 is a rear view and a side view. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, each of the two connecting members 2a protrudes upward and downward from the upper and lower portions of the front surface of the panel body 1a. Similarly, each of the two connecting members 2a protrudes upward and downward from the upper and lower portions of the front surface of the panel body 1a.

  On the other hand, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, unevenness is provided on the back surface of the panel body 1a. However, in the case of this modification, no unevenness is provided on the back surface of the panel body 1a. Moreover, in 2nd Embodiment mentioned above, the fulcrum which contact | abuts the front surface of the panel main body 1a by the bolt 4c is connected to the one end of the connecting member 2a that is farther away from the other end than the attachment position with the panel main body 1a. Although it was the structure provided, the connection member 2a of FIG. 15 is not provided with such a fulcrum.

  Further, in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 and the first modification shown in FIG. 9, the turnbuckle 3b prevents the panel body 1a from falling, and the second modification shown in FIG. In the third modification shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the panel body 1a and the panel body 1c are prevented from falling by the bolt 4i and the bolt 41, and in the fourth modification shown in FIG. 13B, the wedge 3c is used. It was the structure which prevents the panel main body 1c from falling. On the other hand, in the case of this modification, the panel body 1a is prevented from falling by the L-shaped steel-shaped tipping prevention member 3d fixed in the horizontal direction on the front surface of the upper panel body 1a shown in FIG. In the second step, the fall prevention member 3d has an insert nut provided on the front surface of the upper panel body 1a, in which bolts 4m are inserted into holes provided at both ends and the center thereof. The two lower connecting members 2a provided on the upper panel body 1a and the two upper connecting members 2a provided on the lower panel body 1a are fixed to each other.

  According to the wall surface construction method according to the fifth modified example, the panel main body 1a stacked in the first step is connected to each adjacent panel main body 1a by the fall prevention member 3d constructed in the second step. The members 2a are held and become independent by being fixed to each other.

  FIGS. 16A, 16B, and 16C are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel 1E that is provided at the bottom of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the third embodiment of the present invention. (D) is a side view of the panel 1F provided in the second stage, (e), (f) and (g) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of the panel 1G stacked in the third stage and thereafter. It is. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  The panel 1E provided in the lowermost stage has the same configuration as the panel 1C provided in the lowermost stage of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a), (b) and (c). doing.

  In the panel 1F provided in the second stage, as shown in FIG. 6D, the two upper connecting members 2c of the panel 1F are replaced by the linear connecting members 2a of the second embodiment shown in FIG. Unlike the other end, the other end is bent to the front side at a predetermined angle. Moreover, in 2nd Embodiment, the adjustment material 8a which leaves the predetermined space | interval 9 in the lower connection member 2a is between the attachment surface of the connection member 2a attached to the front surface of the panel main body 1a, and the panel main body 1a. In the third embodiment, two adjustment members 8a are inserted in the lower connecting member 2a, and the predetermined interval 9 is increased.

  As shown in FIGS. 5E, 5F, and 5G, the panel 1G stacked after the third stage includes two upper connecting members 2c and two lower connecting members 2c of the panel 1G. Is different from the linear connecting member 2a of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 in that the other end is bent to the front side at a predetermined angle.

  FIG. 17 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of stacked panels 1E, 1F, and 1G shown in FIG. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 7 and 16 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  When a new wall surface is constructed on the front surface of the tunnel 42, the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1F is stacked on the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1E installed.

  Next, one end of the turnbuckle 3b formed in an L-shaped key is engaged with the upper side of the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1F. At this time, the length of the turnbuckle 3b is expanded and contracted so that the length of the turnbuckle 3b matches the distance between the back surface of the panel body 1a of the panel 1F and the tunnel 42, and the back surface of the panel body 1a of the panel 1F and The turnbuckle 3b is interposed between the tunnels 42, and the other end of the turnbuckle 3b is brought into contact with the tunnel 42. Thereby, the panel main body 1a of the panel 1F is held by the turnbuckle 3b.

  Next, the back surface of the panel body 1a of the panel 1F below the turnbuckle 3b is filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height, and after the concrete 15 is hardened, the turnbuckle 3b is removed. Since the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1F is inclined to the front side, the turnbuckle 3b may be removed before the concrete 15 is hardened, but the turnbuckle 3b after the concrete 15 is hardened from the safety aspect. It is desirable to remove. Thereafter, the upper panel connecting member 2a of the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1E and the panel 1F of the second stage are engaged with each other with the panel bodies 1a buried to a predetermined height by the concrete 15 whose back surface is hardened. The lower connecting member 2a of the panel body 1a is removed. At this time, the upper connecting member 2c of the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1F is engaged with the panel body 1a of the third-stage panel 1G and is not removed.

  Next, the panel body 1a of the third-stage panel 1G is stacked on the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1F, and the panel of the panel 1G is removed by the turnbuckle 3b removed from the back surface of the second-stage panel 1F. The main body 1a is held. The upper connecting member 2c of the panel main body 1a of the second-stage panel 1F is in contact with the panel main body 1a of the panel 1F attached to one end thereof and the upper third-stage panel 1G engaged with the other end. The panel main body 1 a is bent so as to form a surface having a predetermined shape along the wall surface of the tunnel 42. The lower connecting member 2c of the panel main body 1a of the third-stage panel 1G is in contact with the panel main body 1a of the panel 1G attached to one end thereof and the lower second-stage engaging with the other end. The panel body 1a of the panel 1F is bent so as to form a surface having a predetermined shape along the wall surface of the tunnel 42. Further, the upper connecting member 2c of the panel body 1a of the third-stage panel 1G is in contact with the panel body 1a of the panel 1G attached to one end of the panel 1G and the upper fourth-stage of the upper stage. The panel main body 1a of the panel 1G is bent so as to form a surface having a predetermined shape along the wall surface of the tunnel 42.

  Thereafter, the same construction is repeated and the panel 1G is stacked. When constructing the upper wall surface structure, the inclination of the panel body 1a toward the front side increases, and the panel body 1a is stabilized without falling to the back side due to the weight of the panel body 1a. The turnbuckle 3b described above is not provided. Moreover, when stacking each panel main body 1a, the horizontal reinforcing bar 31b is fixed to the vertical reinforcing bar 31a, and the reinforcing bar 31 is assembled.

  FIG. 18 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels 1E, 1F, and 1G shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  Panels 1E, 1F, and 1G constructed as shown in FIG. 17 are provided on the front surface of the wall surface of the tunnel 42, and the wall surface of the tunnel 42 is repaired by these panels 1E, 1F, and 1G. The panel body 1a of the panel 1G at the ceiling portion of the tunnel 42 is firmly fixed to the tunnel 42 via the concrete 15 buried in the back surface of the panel body 1a by two bolts 4n, so that the ceiling of the tunnel 42 is firmly formed. It is fixed to the part and prevented from falling.

  According to the wall surface construction method according to the third embodiment, the panel body 1a attached to one end of the connecting member 2c and the panel body 1a brought into contact with and engaged with the other end of the connecting member 2c are tunnels. The connecting member 2c is bent so as to form a surface of a predetermined shape along the wall surface of 42. For this reason, the panel main body 1a is stacked by using the connecting member 2c bent so as to form a surface along the wall surface of the tunnel 42 between adjacent panel main bodies 1a. It is possible to construct a new wall with a different shape.

  In the third embodiment, the connecting member 2c is bent so that the panel body 1a attached to one end thereof and the panel body 1a engaged with the other end in contact with each other form a surface having a predetermined shape. It was the composition that has been. However, the panel main body 1a may be bent so as to form a surface having a predetermined shape with the adjacent panel main body 1a engaged via the connecting member 2a or an engaging portion described later. According to this configuration, a wall surface having a desired shape can be constructed by stacking the panel bodies 1a bent so as to form a desired surface. For example, when the panel body 1a is stacked on the front surface of the existing structure such as the tunnel 42, the panel body 1a is stacked using the panel body 1a bent in the same shape as the wall surface of the existing structure. A new wall surface that matches the wall surface shape of the existing structure can be constructed.

  Further, in the third embodiment, the connecting member bent so that the panel main body 1a attached to one end thereof and the panel main body 1a engaged with being engaged with the other end form a predetermined surface. It was the structure which builds a wall surface structure in the front surface of the tunnel 42 using 2c. However, instead of the bent connecting member 2c, a linear connecting member 2a is used, and the engaging surface 2a1 that engages the adjacent panel body 1a is larger than the adjacent panel body 1a. A wall surface may be constructed on the front surface of the tunnel 42 by providing the gap 9 apart.

  In the third embodiment, the panel 1E is stacked in the first stage, the panel 1F in the second stage, and the panel 1G in the third and subsequent stages. However, the types of panels stacked according to the curved shape of the wall surface are different, and for example, the panel 1E may be stacked in the first and second levels, the panel 1F in the third level, and the panel 1G in the fourth and subsequent levels. .

  FIGS. 19A, 19B, and 19C are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel 1H that is provided at the bottom of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The figure, (d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of the panel 1I stacked in the second and subsequent stages.

  In the first to third embodiments and the modifications described above, one end of each of the connecting members 2a to 2c is configured to be attached to the front surface of the panel main bodies 1a to 1c. In the fourth embodiment, One end of each connecting member 2d is attached to the upper side or the lower side of the panel body 1d. In the lowermost panel 1H shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C, two upper connecting members 2d are attached so as to protrude upward from the upper side of the panel body 1d. In the panel 1I stacked in the second and subsequent stages shown in FIGS. 4D, 2E, and 2F, two upper connecting members 2d are attached so as to protrude upward from the upper side of the panel body 1d, and 2 The lower connecting members 2d are attached so as to protrude downward from the lower side of the panel body 1d.

  Cutout portions 51 are provided at two left and right positions on the upper side of the panel body 1d and two left and right positions on the lower side, and an insert nut is embedded in each cutout portion 51 in the height direction of the panel body 1d. Each connecting member 2d is bent in an L shape, and a bolt 4o is inserted into a hole provided in an L-shaped horizontal bent piece, and the bolt 4o is screwed into an insert nut embedded in each notch 51. Thus, each connecting member 2d is fixed to the upper side or the lower side of the panel body 1d. Each anchor bolt 4d is screwed into four insert nuts embedded in the thickness direction of the panel body 1d on the back surface of the panel body 1d, so that each anchor bolt 4d protrudes from the back surface of the panel body 1d. Is fixed.

  FIG. 20A is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up a plurality of stacked panels 1H and 1I shown in FIG. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 2 and 19 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the first embodiment, the two fall prevention members 3a are provided so as to protrude downward from the lower part of the back surface of the panel body 1a. However, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. Tensile members 52a to 52d made of a steel rod or the like are provided as a fall prevention member. The tension members 52a to 52d are attached by welding to anchor bolts 4d protruding at one end from the back surface of the panel body 1d, and the other ends are U-shaped fasteners provided on the surface layer portion of the hardened foundation 11 of the concrete. It is fixed by welding to 53 and provided between the back surface of the panel body 1 d and the surface layer portion of the foundation 11. The panel body 1d installed in this way is prevented from falling to the back side by the tension members 52a to 52d.

  In the first embodiment, in order to make the lowermost panel body 1a self-supporting, the back block 6a is provided on the back surface thereof. However, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. Since the panel main body 1d is self-supported by the above-described tension members 52a to 52d, a holding block for supporting the lowermost panel main body 1d is not provided.

  After the panel body 1d of the first-stage panel 1H and the panel body 1d of the second-stage and third-stage panels 1I are stacked, the panel body 1d of the second-stage panel 1I is placed on the back of these panel bodies. The concrete 15 is cast up to a height D that is about the upper end. Thereafter, a U-shaped fastener 53 provided on the hardened surface layer portion of the concrete 15 and an anchor bolt 4d provided on the back surface of the panel body 1d (not shown) stacked on the upper stage are tensile materials (not shown). The operation of stacking the panel main body 1d is repeatedly performed while preventing the panel main body 1d (not shown) stacked in the upper stage from being overturned.

  In the present embodiment, the panel body 1d is stacked in three stages per cycle, and after the fall prevention by the tension members 52a to 52d, the concrete 15 is placed on the back surface of the panel body 1d. The number of stacked stages per cycle is not limited to 3, but may be configured to be stacked, for example, 2 stages, 4 stages, 5 stages, and the like.

  FIG. 20B is a partial side view of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the first modification of the fourth embodiment. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. 20A are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 (a), the connecting member 2d is fixed to the panel body 1d with bolts 4o. In this modification shown in FIG. 20B, a short reinforcing bar 54 is welded to the lower surface of the horizontally bent piece of the L-shaped connecting member 2d. When the concrete panel body 1d is manufactured, the reinforcing bars 54 welded to the horizontal bent pieces of the connecting member 2d are embedded in the panel body 1d, and the panel body 1d and the connecting member 2d are integrally molded. The other configuration is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

  FIG. 21 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels 1H and 1I shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  This wall surface structure is an example in which the wall surfaces shown in FIG. 20 are configured in pairs so that the back surfaces of the panel main bodies 1d face each other, and a sabo dam is constructed on the foundation ground 24.

  According to the wall surface construction method according to the fourth embodiment and the first modification thereof, when the panel body 1d is stacked in a plurality of stages, the upper and lower panel bodies 1d are simply engaged with each other by the connecting member 2d, and the panel By holding the main body 1d with the tension members 52a to 52d, the panel main body 1d is self-supporting. For this reason, since the operation | work which fastens the upper and lower panels with the volt | bolt and the screw etc. conventionally performed in order to make a panel self-support is not required, the stacking work efficiency of the panel main body 1d improves. Moreover, in the operation | work which piles up the panel main body 1d, the panel main body 1d is prevented from falling to the back side by supporting the panel main body 1d with the tension | tensile_strength materials 52a-52d which comprise a fall prevention member. Further, by pulling the panel body 1d by the tension members 52a to 52d, the panel body 1d is prevented from falling to the front side due to a large side pressure from the filler such as the concrete 15 or the like. For this reason, like a sabo dam, there is enough work space on the back side of the wall surface, and if you want to prevent the wall surface from falling even if a large side pressure of a large amount of filler such as concrete 15 is applied from the back side of the wall surface, By providing the tension members 52 a to 52 d between the panel body 1 d and the surface layer portion of the concrete 15, the wall surface can resist a large lateral pressure. Therefore, the amount of the concrete 15 filled at the back of the wall surface can be increased, and the work time for constructing the entire wall surface structure including the filler can be greatly shortened.

  FIGS. 22A, 22B, and 22C are plan views of panels 1I stacked after the second stage of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the second modification of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 3 is a rear view and a side view. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  In the above-described fourth embodiment and the first modification, the tension members 52a to 52d constituting the fall prevention member have one end attached to the back surface of the panel body 1d and the other end to the back surface of the panel body 1d. It was the structure fixed to the hardened surface layer part of the filled concrete 15. On the other hand, in this modification, the fall prevention member 3e is configured to fix the adjacent panel bodies 1d themselves to each other.

  The fall-preventing member 3e is made of a steel bar or the like, and the upper end of the rod-like fall-preventing member 3e is welded and fixed to the tip of an anchor bolt 4d protruding from the back surface of the upper panel body 1d. Moreover, the center part and the lower end of the fall prevention member 3e are welded to the anchor bolts 4d protruding from the back surfaces of the upper and lower panel bodies 1d. In this way, the fall prevention members 3e are fixed to the anchor bolts 4d, so that the adjacent panel bodies 1d themselves are fixed to each other.

  FIGS. 23A, 23B, and 23C are plan views of panels 1I stacked after the second stage of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the third modification of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 3 is a rear view and a side view. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  Also in this modification, the fall prevention member 3f is configured to fix the adjacent panel bodies 1d themselves to each other. The tip of the toppling prevention member 3f has a U-shape, and the front and rear surfaces of the panel body 1d are placed on the upper part of the stacked upper panel body 1d via eight bolts 4q constituting an adjustment jig. Abut and engage. Further, the long linear portion of the fall prevention member 3f is engaged with the back surface of the lower panel body 1d via four bolts 4q constituting an adjustment jig. Each bolt 4q is screwed into a nut 5q welded to the fall prevention member 3f. As the fall prevention member 3f engages with the panel body 1d as described above, the adjacent panel bodies 1d themselves are fixed to each other.

  In this modification, an anchor body 4p is provided on the back surface of each panel body 1d instead of the anchor bolt 4d. In the anchor body 4p, one end of a long steel rod is screwed to the back surface of each panel body 1d, and a square plate is provided at the other end. The anchor body 4p is sandwiched between back-filled portions such as embankments and sandbags so that each panel body 1d does not move.

  According to the second and third modifications as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the panel body 1d stacked in the first step is adjacent to the fall prevention members 3e and 3f constructed in the second step. Each panel main body 1d itself is held and becomes independent by being fixed to each other.

  FIGS. 24A, 24B, and 24C are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel 1J provided at the bottom of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figures (d), (e) and (f) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of the panel 1K stacked in the second and subsequent stages. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, each of the two connecting members 2a protrudes upward and downward from the upper and lower portions of the front surface of the panel body 1a. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the connecting member 2a is provided so as to protrude upward from the upper part of the front surface of the panel body 1e, and the engaging portion 1e1 provided with steps on the upper side and the lower side of the panel body 1e It is configured to engage with the lower side and the upper side of the adjacent panel body 1e.

  Further, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a pattern is provided on the front surface of the panel body 1a. However, in the fifth embodiment, no pattern is provided on the front surface of the panel body 1e. Moreover, in 2nd Embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the fulcrum which contact | abuts the front surface of the panel main body 1a is a bolt at the end far from the other end of the connection member 2a with respect to the panel main body 1a. In the fifth embodiment, such a fulcrum is not provided in the connecting member 2a.

  Fig.25 (a) is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up the panels 1J and 1K shown in FIG. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 7 and 24 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, first, in the preparation, the panel body 1e of the lowest panel 1J is installed on the foundation 11 made of concrete. At this time, as in the second embodiment, the panel body 1e of the lowermost panel 1J is self-supported on the foundation 11 by the L-shaped support member 6b, the scissors 13 and the wedge 14. Next, the L-shaped one end of the turnbuckle 3b is engaged with the upper side of the panel body 1e of the lowermost panel 1J. At this time, the turnbuckle 3b is expanded and contracted so that the length of the turnbuckle 3b is adjusted to the distance between the back surface of the panel body 1e of the panel 1J and the pier 30 and between the back surface of the panel body 1e of the panel 1J and the pier 30. The other end of the turnbuckle 3b is brought into contact with the pier 30 with the turnbuckle 3b interposed. Thereby, the panel main body 1e of the panel 1J is preliminarily held by the turnbuckle 3b. In this state, concrete 15 is placed on the back surface of the panel body 1e of the panel 1J, and the panel body 1e of the lowermost panel 1J is fixed on the foundation 11. After fixing, the turnbuckle 3b is removed. This completes the preparation.

  Next, in the first step, the other end of the upper connecting member 2a of the panel body 1e of the panel 1J is brought into contact with and engaged with the front surface of the panel body 1e of the upper panel 1K, and the panel body of the panel 1K. By engaging the engaging portion 1e1 provided on the lower side of 1e with the upper side of the lower panel body 1e, the upper panel body 1e is stacked on the lower panel body 1e.

  Next, in the second step, one end of the removed turnbuckle 3b is engaged with the upper side of the panel body 1e of the second-stage panel 1K. At this time, the turnbuckle 3b is expanded and contracted so that the length of the turnbuckle 3b matches the distance between the back surface of the panel body 1e of the panel 1K and the pier 30 and between the back surface of the panel body 1e of the panel 1K and the pier 30. The other end of the turnbuckle 3b is brought into contact with the pier 30 with the turnbuckle 3b interposed. Thereby, the panel main body 1e of the panel 1K is hold | maintained by the turnbuckle 3b.

  Next, in the third step, the back surface of the panel body 1e of the panel 1K below the turnbuckle 3b is filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height, and after the concrete 15 is cured, the turnbuckle 3b is removed. Next, in the fourth step, the upper connection provided on the front surface of the panel body 1e of the lowermost panel 1J, which engages the panel bodies 1e whose back surfaces are filled to a predetermined height with the hardened concrete 15 to each other. The member 2a is removed. At this time, the upper connecting member 2a of the panel body 1e of the second-stage panel 1K is engaged with the panel body 1e of the third-stage panel 1K and is not removed.

  By stacking the panel main body 1e in this way, for example, a wall surface structure for reinforcing the pier 30 as shown in FIG. 8 is completed.

  FIG. 25B is a partial side view of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the first modification of the fifth embodiment. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 25A are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 6A, one end of the connecting member 2a is fixed above each front surface of the panel main body 1e, and the other end abuts on the front surface of the panel main body 1e adjacent to the upper side. The configuration was engaged. On the other hand, in the first modification shown in FIG. 5B, the connecting member 2a has one end fixed to each lower side of the front surface of the panel body 1e and the other end fixed to the front surface of the panel body 1e adjacent to the lower side. It is the structure which contacts and engages. Further, the shape of the engaging portion 1e2 in the first modification shown in FIG. 5B is higher than the shape of the engaging portion 1e1 in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. The protruding shape is the opposite shape. The other configuration is the same as that of the fifth embodiment.

  According to the wall structure according to the fifth embodiment, when the panel body 1e is stacked in a plurality of stages, the other end of the upper connecting member 2a attached to the lower panel body 1e is connected to the upper panel body 1e. The engaging portion 1e1 provided on the lower side of the upper panel body 1e is engaged with the front surface of the lower panel body 1e and the engaging portion provided on the upper side of the lower panel body 1e. By engaging 1e1 with the lower side of the upper panel body 1e and holding the panel body 1e by the turnbuckle 3b, the upper and lower panel bodies 1e can be supported. Further, according to the wall surface structure according to the first modification, when the panel body 1e is stacked in a plurality of stages, the other end of the lower connecting member 2a attached to the upper panel body 1e is connected to the lower panel body 1e. The engaging portion 1e2 provided on the upper side of the lower panel body 1e is engaged with the front surface of the lower panel body 1e, and the engaging portion provided on the lower side of the upper panel body 1e. By engaging 1e2 with the upper side of the lower panel body 1e and holding the panel body 1e with the turnbuckle 3b, the upper and lower panel bodies 1e can be supported.

  For this reason, when stacking the panel main body 1e, it becomes possible to stack without considering the positional relationship of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1e. Therefore, when the panels 1J and 1K are stacked, the positional relationship between the upper and lower panels 1J and 1K is shifted, so that the bolt holes and connecting holes of the upper and lower panels do not match each other as in the conventional case, and the upper and lower panels are bolted. It will not be impossible to connect the wall with the screw or screw.

  When the panel body 1e is stacked in a plurality of stages, the upper and lower panel bodies 1e are simply engaged with each other by the connecting member 2a and the engaging portions 1e1 and 1e2, and the panel body 1e is held by the turnbuckle 3b, thereby The panel body 1e supports each other, and the panel body 1e is self-supporting. For this reason, the work of fastening the upper and lower panels with bolts and screws and the work of providing a temporary support material for supporting the panel, which has been conventionally performed to make the panel self-supporting, are not required. Will improve. In addition, when building a wall surface structure on the front surface of the pier 30 as shown in FIG. 8, it is not necessary to perform bolting and screw fastening work on the back side of the narrow wall surface, and work can be performed from the front side of the wall surface. In particular, the stacking work efficiency of the panel body 1e is improved. Further, since the panel body 1e can be made thin and simple, the manufacturing cost of the wall surface can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, since the upper and lower panel bodies 1e are not rigidly connected with bolts or the like, when used on the wall surface of a flexible structure such as a reinforced earth method, the embankment or the like behind the panel body 1e sinks or deforms. Then, the panel main body 1e can move following the subsidence and deformation. Therefore, as in the conventional wall construction method in which panel bodies are rigidly connected with bolts etc., the embankment behind the panel sinks or deforms and the load is applied to the back of the panel, causing the panels to be rigidly connected. A flexible and highly durable wall is built-in, which prevents damage to the bolts, etc. that are applied by a large load locally, and damages the wall due to the formation of a cavity on the back side of the panel. A wall surface construction method is provided.

  Further, since it is not necessary to install a support material such as a conventional supporting rebar that occupies a wide space on the back surface of the panel body 1e to support the panel body 1e, a narrow space where the space cannot be secured on the back surface of the wall surface, Even at a place where the space on the back side is narrowed, for example, in front of the bridge pier 30 or the like, the panel body 1e can be stacked without hindrance to construct a new wall surface, and the existing structure can be repaired or reinforced.

  In the present embodiment and the first modification, the engaging portions 1e1 and 1e2 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the panel body 1e. However, the engaging portions 1e1 and 1e2 It may be configured to be provided on at least one of the lower sides and engage with the lower side or the upper side of the panel body 1e adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.

  FIGS. 26 (a), (b) and (c) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of a panel 1L provided at the bottom of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Figures (d), (e) and (f) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of the panel 1M stacked in the second and subsequent stages. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, similar to the engaging portion 1e1 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 24, the engaging portion 1f1 provided with steps on the upper and lower sides of the panel main body 1f is adjacent to the upper and lower panels. The main body 1f is configured to engage with the lower side and the upper side. Accordingly, in the fifth embodiment and the present embodiment, the upper and lower panel bodies 1e and 1f are engaged with each other by the engaging portions 1e1 and 1f1 without a gap, so that the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies 1e and 1f is not aligned. It is not suitable for curve construction.

  On the other hand, in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 24, the rear side portion of the engaging portion 1e1 provided with a step on the upper side of the panel body 1e protrudes from the front side portion, and the first portion shown in FIG. In the modified example, the front side portion of the engaging portion 1e2 provided with a step on the upper side of the panel body 1e protrudes from the back side portion. On the other hand, in the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 26, the engaging portion 1f1 provided with a step on the upper side of the panel body 1f has a central portion protruding upward from the back side portion and the front side portion. It has a convex shape. Further, the engaging portion 1f1 provided with a step on the lower side of the panel main body 1f has a concave shape in which the rear side portion and the front side portion protrude downward from the central portion. Therefore, when the adjacent panel main bodies 1f are engaged with each other through the engaging portion 1f1, the panel main bodies 1f are not displaced to the front side or the rear side with respect to the upper and lower panel main bodies 1f. Further, it is possible to effectively prevent the concrete or the like placed on the back surface of the panel body 1f from leaking to the front surface side.

  Fig.27 (a) is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process in which the panels 1L and 1M shown in FIG. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 25 and 26 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, first, in the preparation, the panel body 1f of the lowermost panel 1L is installed on the foundation 11 made of concrete. At this time, as in the second embodiment, the panel body 1f of the lowermost panel 1L is made to stand on the base 11 by the L-shaped support member 6b, the scissors 13 and the wedge 14. Next, the length of the two anchor bolts 4d projecting from the upper back of the panel body 1f of the lowermost panel 1L is expanded and contracted by rotating the anchor bolts 4d, thereby constituting the fall prevention member. The panel body 1f is preliminarily held by the anchor bolt 4d by bringing the other end of 4d into contact with the pier 30. In this state, concrete 15 is placed on the back surface of the panel body 1f of the panel 1L, and the panel body 1f of the lowermost panel 1L is fixed on the foundation 11. This completes the preparation.

  Next, in the first step, the panel main body 1f of the second-stage panel 1M is stacked on the panel main body 1f of the installed lowermost panel 1L. Next, in the second step, the length of the two anchor bolts 4d protruding from the upper back of the panel body 1f of the panel 1M is expanded and contracted by rotating the anchor bolt 4d, and the other end of the anchor bolt 4d is expanded. Is brought into contact with the pier 30 so that the panel main body 1f is held by the anchor bolt 4d. Next, in the third step, the anchor bolt 4d and the back surface of the panel body 1f are filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height. Next, in the fourth step, after hardening the concrete 15 described above, the panel main body of the lowermost panel 1L is engaged with the panel main bodies 1f whose back surfaces are filled with the concrete 15 to a predetermined height in the third step. The upper connecting member 2a provided on the front surface of 1f is removed. At this time, the upper connecting member 2a of the panel body 1f of the second-stage panel 1M is engaged with the panel body 1f of the third-stage panel 1M and is not removed. By stacking the panel main bodies 1f in this manner, for example, a wall surface structure that reinforces the pier 30 as shown in FIG. 8 is completed.

  FIG. 27B is a partial side view of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the first modification of the sixth embodiment. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. 27A are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 6A, the connecting member 2a has one end fixed above the front surface of the panel body 1f and the other end in contact with the front surface of the panel body 1f adjacent to the upper side. It was a configuration that matched. On the other hand, in the first modification shown in FIG. 2B, the connecting member 2a has one end fixed below the front surface of the panel body 1f and the other end touching the front surface of the panel body 1f adjacent to the lower side. It is the structure which contacts and engages.

  28 (a), (b) and (c) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of a panel 1N provided at the bottom of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Figures (d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of the panel 1O stacked in the second and subsequent stages. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 4D, 4E, and 2F, the connecting member 2e of the panel 1O has a plate-like shape, similarly to the connecting member 2b of the panels 1C and 1D shown in FIG. . The connecting member 2e is provided with three holes at the upper end, the lower end, and the upper end. A bolt 4s is inserted into a hole near the upper end of the connecting member 2e and is inserted into the adjusting member 8a. The bolt 4s is screwed into an insert nut embedded in the front surface of the panel body 1g. When the nut 5s is tightened in this state, one end on the upper end side of the connecting member 2e is attached to the panel body 1g, and the other end on the lower end side projects downward from the front side of the lower side of the panel body 1g. It is attached to 1g. In addition, thread grooves are cut in two holes provided at the upper and lower ends of the connecting member 2e, and bolts 4c and 4b are screwed into these thread grooves.

  Further, an engaging portion 1g1 is provided with steps on the upper and lower sides of the panel main body 1g of each panel 1N, 1O, and these engaging portions 1g1 engage with the lower and upper sides of the panel main body 1g adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. It is configured. Further, as shown in FIGS. 4D, 4E, and 5F, the engaging portion 1g1 on the lower side of the panel body 1g of the panel 1O is provided with insert nuts at two left and right positions. A bolt 4t constituting an adjusting jig for abutting and engaging with the engaging surface 1g11 of the engaging portion 1g1 of the adjacent panel body 1g is screwed into the nut.

  Fig.29 (a) is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process in which the panels 1N and 1O shown in FIG. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 2 and 28 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In preparation, the bottom panel 1N is installed with concrete 15 placed on the back. Next, in the first step, the second panel 1O is installed on the lowermost panel 1N. When stacking the panels 1O, the engaging portions 1g1 on the upper side and the lower side of the panel body 1g have an engagement surface 1g11 that engages with the adjacent panel body 1g with a predetermined distance 62 from the adjacent panel body 1g. Provided. Further, the lower side engaging portion 1g1 engages with the adjacent panel body 1g via a bolt 4t that constitutes an adjustment jig that can be inserted into and removed from the engaging surface 1g11 that engages with the adjacent panel body 1g.

  Next, in the second step, the lowermost panel 1N and the second panel 1O are fixed by fixing two bolts 4s that protrude from the front surface of the panel 1N and are sandwiched between the fall prevention members 3g. The fall of the 2nd panel 1O which is not performed is prevented. Next, in the third step, the concrete 15 is placed on the back surface of the second-stage panel 1O to a height of about half of that, and the second-stage panel 1O is fixed. Next, in the fourth step, after the concrete 15 is hardened, the panel main bodies 1g whose backs are filled up to a predetermined height with the concrete 15 are engaged with each other. The side connecting member 2e, the bolt 4s on the front surface of the lowermost panel 1N, and the fall prevention member 3g are removed.

  Next, in the first step of the second time, the panel body 1g of the third-stage panel 1O is stacked on the panel body 1g of the installed second-stage panel 1O.

  Next, in the second step of the second time, each of the second and third panels 1O is illustrated by the above-described fall-preventing member 3g with the two bolts 4s provided protruding from the front surface thereof. By sandwiching in such a manner, the unfixed third-stage panel 1O is prevented from falling. That is, the fall prevention member 3g is provided below the two bolts 4s protruding from the front surface of the second-stage panel body 1g and above the two bolts 4s protruding from the front surface of the third-stage panel body 1g. Is installed in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. The fall prevention member 3g is made of a hollow rectangular parallelepiped steel material, and a bolt 4u is inserted into a hole provided in the central portion between two bolts 4s in the horizontal direction and extends in a direction perpendicular to the fall prevention member 3g. By tightening both ends of the bolts 4u with nuts 5u, the fall prevention member 3g is provided on the front surface of the two bolts 4s protruding from the front surface of the second-stage panel body 1g and the front surface of the third-stage panel body 1g. The projecting two bolts 4s are sandwiched. Thereby, each adjacent panel main body 1g itself is fixed mutually, and the 3rd-stage panel main body 1g is hold | maintained by the fall prevention member 3g.

  Next, in the second third step, the back surface of the third-stage panel body 1g is filled with concrete 15 to a predetermined height. Thereafter, in the fourth step, after the above-described concrete 15 is hardened, the lower side of the panel main body 1g of the third-stage panel 1O that engages the panel main bodies 1g whose back surfaces are filled with the concrete 15 to a predetermined height. The connecting member 2e, the bolt 4s on the front surface of the second-stage panel main body 1g, and the fall-preventing member 3g are removed. In this way, the wall surface structure is constructed by stacking the panel main bodies 1g.

  FIG. 29B is a partial side view of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the first modification of the seventh embodiment. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. 29A are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 10A, the connecting member 2e has one end fixed to the lower front side of the panel body 1g and the other end abutting against the front surface of the panel body 1g adjacent to the lower side. It was a configuration that matched. On the other hand, in the first modification shown in FIG. 4B, the connecting member 2e has one end fixed above the front surface of the panel body 1g and the other end abutting against the front surface of the panel body 1g adjacent to the upper side. It is configured to engage. Further, the shape of the engaging portion 1g2 in the first modification shown in FIG. 5B is higher in the height direction than the shape of the engaging portion 1g1 in the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. The protruding shape is the opposite shape. Further, in the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 7A, an adjustment jig for abutting and engaging with the engaging surface 1g11 of the adjacent panel body 1g to the engaging portion 1g1 on the lower side of the panel body 1g. The bolt 4t which comprises is screwed together. On the other hand, in the first modified example shown in FIG. 5B, an adjustment jig for abutting and engaging with the engaging portion 1g2 on the upper side of the panel body 1g in contact with the engaging surface 1g21 of the adjacent panel body 1g. The bolt 4t which comprises is screwed together. The other configuration is the same as that of the seventh embodiment.

  FIG. 30 is a side view of a wall surface structure completed by stacking a plurality of panels 1N and 1O shown in FIG. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 3 and 28 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The wall structure shown in FIG. 29 is provided on both sides with the front surface of each panel body 1g facing each other, and water 63 is allowed to flow between them, for example, a water channel as shown in FIG. 29 is constructed.

  According to the wall surface construction method according to the seventh embodiment and the first modification thereof, the upper and lower panel main bodies 1g such as the staggered stacking system other than the potato stacking system in the curved construction in which the laying extension direction of the wall surface is bent. When the panel main body 1g is stacked in a stacking manner in which the positional relationship is not uniform, the panel main body 1g stacked below and the panel main body 1g stacked above are not one side, but the front and back sides of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1g In and out will occur. However, according to this structure, the engaging surfaces 1g11 and 1g21 of the engaging portions 1g1 and 1g2 engaged with the adjacent panel main body 1g are provided so as to have a predetermined distance 62 from the adjacent panel main body 1g. Therefore, the preliminarily provided gap does not cause the engaging surfaces 1g11 and 1g21 of the engaging portions 1g1 and 1g2 to collide with the adjacent panel main body 1g, and the curve is performed without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel main bodies 1g. By construction, it becomes possible to pile up the panel main body 1g efficiently.

  Further, according to the wall surface construction method according to the seventh embodiment and the first modification thereof, the engaging portions 1g1, 1g2 can be inserted into and removed from the engaging surfaces 1g11, 1g21 that engage with the adjacent panel body 1g. In order to engage the adjacent panel main body 1g via the bolt 4t, when the panel main body 1g is stacked without aligning the positional relationship of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1g by curve construction, the front surfaces of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1g are flush with each other. Even if not, the upper and lower panel main bodies 1g can be easily supported with each other without wobbling by adjusting the insertion / extraction of the bolts 4t to / from the engaging surfaces 1g11 and 1g21 that engage with the adjacent panel main bodies 1g. The work efficiency of the curve construction performed without aligning the positional relationship between the upper and lower panel bodies 1g can be improved.

  FIGS. 31A, 31B, and 31C are plan views of panels 1O stacked after the second stage of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the second modification of the seventh embodiment. FIG. 3 is a rear view and a side view. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  In the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 28, a fulcrum that abuts the front surface of the panel body 1g is connected to the front end of the panel body 1g by a bolt 4c at one end of the connecting member 2e that is farther away from the other end than the mounting position with the panel body 1g. Although the configuration is provided, in the second modified example, such a fulcrum is not provided in the connecting member 2e.

  In the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 28, a bolt 4s is inserted into a hole near the upper end of the connecting member 2e, and the bolt 4s is screwed into an insert nut embedded in the front surface of the panel body 1g. In the second modification, the bolt 4a is inserted into the hole near the upper end of the connecting member 2e, and the bolt 4a is embedded in the front surface of the panel body 1g. It is the structure which only screws together.

  Further, in the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 28, the panel body 1g has a configuration in which the front side of the left side surface protrudes leftward and the back side of the right side surface protrudes rightward. In the second modification, such a protruding structure is not provided on the side surface of the panel body 1g.

  The fall prevention member 3h according to the second modification is formed by bending a short side direction of a rectangular metal plate material vertically, and is provided in the horizontal direction on the front surface of the panel body 1g.

  When building the wall structure by stacking the upper panel body 1g on the lower panel body 1g, the bolts 4v are inserted into both ends and the center of the fall prevention member 3h on the front surface of the lower panel body 1g. Screw into an insert nut embedded in the front surface of the panel body 1g. Accordingly, the upper lower connection member 2e and the lower panel main body 1g are fixed to each other, whereby the panel main body 1g is held by the fall prevention member 3h.

  According to the second modification, the panel body 1g stacked in the first process is connected to one of the connecting members 2e of the adjacent panel body 1g and the other panel by the fall prevention member 3h constructed in the second process. The main body 1g is held and becomes independent by being fixed to each other.

  FIGS. 32A, 32B, and 32C are plan views of panels 10 stacked on and after the second stage of the wall surface structure constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the third modification of the seventh embodiment. FIG. 3 is a rear view and a side view. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  In the second modification shown in FIG. 31, one of the connecting members 2e of the adjacent panel main body 1g and the other panel main body 1g are fixed to each other by the fall prevention member 3h provided in the horizontal direction. It was. On the other hand, in this modification, each connection member 2e of each adjacent panel main body 1g is fixed to each other by a fall prevention member 3i.

  In the second modification shown in FIG. 31, the connecting member 2e is provided so as to protrude downward from the lower part of the front surface of the panel body 1g. However, in the third modification, the connecting member 2e is provided in the panel body. It is configured to protrude upward from the upper part of the front surface of 1 g. Further, in the second modified example shown in FIG. 31, the bolt 4t constituting the adjustment jig is provided in the engaging portion 1g1 on the lower side of the panel main body 1g. However, in the third modified example, the panel main body is provided. A bolt 4t constituting an adjustment jig is provided on the engaging portion 1g2 on the upper side of 1g.

  The fall prevention member 3i is composed of a steel rod or the like, and the upper end of the fall prevention member 3i is welded to the lower end of the upper connecting member 2e provided on the upper panel 1g, and the lower end of the fall prevention member 3i is The upper connection member 2e provided on the lower panel 1g is welded to the upper end. Thereby, the fall prevention member 3i fixes each connection member 2e of each adjacent panel main body 1g, and has prevented the panel main body 1g from falling.

  The engaging portions 1e1, 1e2, 1f1, 1g1, and 1g2 that engage the upper and lower panel bodies 1e, 1f, and 1g are not limited to the above-described shapes. Any shape may be used as long as the upper and lower panel main bodies 1e, 1f, and 1g can be engaged.

  Moreover, the connection member and the fall prevention member in each embodiment and each modification described above can be similarly applied to the connection member and the fall prevention member in the other embodiments and each modification.

  Moreover, although each embodiment and each modification mentioned above demonstrated the case where the back part was formed with the concrete 15 in the back surface of a wall surface, you may comprise a back part other than concrete, for example, lightweight concrete Or you may comprise with grout material, embankment. Moreover, in each embodiment and each modification mentioned above, connecting member 2a-2e, fall prevention member 3a, 3d-3i, turnbuckle 3b which comprises a fall prevention member, bolt 4d, 4i, 4l which comprises a fall prevention member Although the case where the tension members 52a to 52d constituting the toppling prevention member are made of a steel material has been described, it may be made of a material other than steel. For example, the connecting members 2a to 2e may be made of resin or concrete. Moreover, the material of the panel main bodies 1a to 1g is not limited to concrete, and may be made of, for example, resin.

  Moreover, in each embodiment and each modification mentioned above, although it was the structure which provides the two connection members 2a-2e and the fall prevention member 3a on the upper side and lower side of the panel main bodies 1a-1g, panel main bodies 1a-1g The number of the connecting members 2a to 2e and the overturn preventing member 3a provided on the upper side and the lower side of the upper limit is not limited to two and may be one or three or more. For example, a configuration in which two connecting members 2d are provided above the panels 1H and 1I and at least one connecting member 2d is provided below the panel 1I, or at least one connecting member 2d is provided above the panels 1H and 1I. A configuration in which two connecting members 2d are provided below 1I may be employed.

  Moreover, in each embodiment and each modification mentioned above, each upper and lower connection member 2a-2e provided in each panel main body 1a-1g is separately provided on the upper side and the lower side of each panel main body 1a-1g, respectively. It was provided as a separate part, and was configured to protrude separately upward and downward from the front side of the upper side and the front side of the lower side. However, the length of the connecting members 2a to 2e is longer than the height of the panel bodies 1a to 1g, and protrudes upward and downward from the front side of the upper side and the lower side of the panel bodies 1a to 1g with one component. It may be.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1A-1O ... Panel 1a-1g ... Panel main body 1e1, 1e2, 1f1, 1g1, 1g2 ... Engagement part 2a1, 3a1, 1g11, 1g21 ... Engagement surface 2a-2e ... Connecting member 3a, 3d-3i ... Fall prevention member 3b ... Turnbuckle (Tumble prevention member)
3c ... Wedge (Tumble prevention member)
4a, 4c, 4e, 4g, 4j, 4m to 4p, 4s, 4u, 4v ... bolt 4b, 4f, 4q, 4t ... bolt (adjustment jig)
4d, 4i, 4l ... bolts (falling prevention members)
8a ... Adjusting material 9, 10, 62 ... Predetermined spacing 15 ... Concrete 21a ... Retaining wall 30 ... Pier 41 ... Structure 42 ... Tunnel

Claims (22)

On the front of the panel main body an end portion projecting from the panel body of the lower upper in provided a connecting member without contacting the front surface of the lower panel body for each rear of the lower of the panel body and the upper panel body by contact, while allowing the fall of the wall back side of the upper stage of the panel body with giving pressing the front of the upper of the panel body, the upper of the panel body and lower the front of the upper of the panel body an end portion protruding from the upper of the panel body of the connecting member provided without contacting to each rear surface of the panel body is brought into contact with the front surface of the lower of the panel body, the wall surface rear side of the upper stage of the panel body tipping possible the let me down the front of the lower of the panel body in a state of the upper stage and the force falls down to the wall surface front side of the upper stage of the panel body via the respective said connecting member Subjected in front of each of the panel body of the stage, a first step of stacking the upper of the panel body in the lower part of the panel body,
A second step of holding the panel body by a fall-preventing member and preventing the panel body from falling to the back side of the wall surface, and stacking the panel body as one cycle,
The wall surface construction method which constructs | assembles a wall surface by performing the 3rd process of filling the back surface of the said panel main body of each step | paragraph to predetermined height with a back part after completion | finish of the said arbitrary cycles. In the first step, the connecting member having an end protruding above the panel body and the connecting member having an end protruding below the panel body are not aligned with each other in one direction. wall construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that arranged on the panel the body is shifted a predetermined distance. On the front of the panel main body an end portion projecting from the panel body of the lower upper in provided a connecting member without contacting the front surface of the lower panel body for each rear of the lower of the panel body and the upper panel body The front surface of the upper panel body can be pressed while the upper panel body is allowed to fall to the rear side of the wall surface , and the upper panel body can be tilted to the rear side of the wall surface. In this state, engaging portions provided at least at the lower end of the upper and lower ends of the upper panel body are arranged at the upper end of the lower panel body, or the upper and lower ends of the lower panel body. By engaging an engagement portion provided at least at the upper end portion with the lower end portion of the upper panel body, a force to fall to the front side of the wall surface of the upper panel body is provided. Subjected at the lower portion of the upper portion or the upper of the panel body of the front and lower end of the panel body of the upper of the panel body via the engaging portion,
Or, an end portion protruding from the upper of the panel body provided with the connecting member without contacting the front surface of the upper panel body for each rear of the upper of the panel body and the lower panel body lower the panel body While pressing the front surface of the lower panel body in a state where it is in contact with the front surface and allowing the upper panel body to fall to the rear surface side of the wall, the upper panel body is allowed to fall to the rear surface side of the wall surface. In an enabled state, an engagement portion provided at least at the upper end of the upper and lower ends of the lower panel body is provided at the lower end of the upper panel body, or the upper end of the upper panel body and By engaging an engaging portion provided at least at the lower end of the lower end portion with the upper end portion of the lower panel body, the force that falls to the front side of the wall surface of the upper panel body is connected. Subjected wood and through the engaging portion at the upper end of the lower end or lower end of the panel body of the front and upper of said panel main body of the lower of the panel body,
A first step of stacking the upper panel body on the lower panel body;
A second step of holding the panel body by a fall-preventing member and preventing the panel body from falling to the back side of the wall surface, and stacking the panel body as one cycle,
The wall surface construction method which constructs | assembles a wall surface by performing the 3rd process of filling the back surface of the said panel main body of each step | paragraph to predetermined height with a back part after completion | finish of the said arbitrary cycles. To make a fourth step of removing the connecting member a force to fall to the wall front side that underwent the front of the panel body of the said panel body back by the third step is filled to a predetermined height by Urakomi portion The wall surface construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wall surface construction method is characterized.   4. The engaging portion provided in the first step so that an engagement surface that engages with the adjacent panel body is spaced from the adjacent panel body by a predetermined distance. The wall surface construction method described in 1.   In the first step, the engaging portion is engaged with the adjacent panel body via an adjustment jig that can be inserted and removed freely on an engaging surface side that engages with the adjacent panel body. Item 6. The wall surface construction method according to Item 5. In the first step, the connecting member from claim 1, characterized in that provided as the panel body at a predetermined distance which engagement surface abuts the panel body adjacent the adjacent lye The wall surface construction method according to claim 1.   The wall surface construction according to claim 7, wherein in the first step, the predetermined interval is provided by inserting an adjusting material between an attachment surface of the connecting member attached to the panel body and the panel body. Method.   In the first step, the thickness of the panel main body of the connecting portion of the connecting member to the panel main body is thicker than the thickness of the panel main body adjacent to the portion facing the engaging surface of the connecting member. The wall surface construction method according to claim 7, wherein the predetermined interval is provided between the adjacent panel body and the engagement surface. In the first step, according to claim wherein the connecting member, characterized in that is brought into contact with the panel body adjacent through out freely adjusting jig to the engagement surface side abutting on the panel body adjacent The wall surface construction method according to any one of claims 7 to 9. In the first step, according to claim wherein the connecting member includes: the panel body adjacent the canceller the panel body and the abutment is attached is to form a surface having a predetermined shape, characterized in that bent The wall surface construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 10. In the first step, the panel body is bent so as to form a surface having a predetermined shape with the adjacent panel body that abuts or engages via the connecting member or the engaging portion. The wall surface construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the wall surface construction method is characterized.   In the first step, a fulcrum that contacts the front surface of the panel main body is provided at one end of the connecting member that is farther away from the end than the attachment location with the panel main body. The wall surface construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.   In the second step, the connecting members of the adjacent panel bodies are fixed to each other by the fall prevention member, or one connecting member and the other panel body of the adjacent panel bodies. The panel main body is held by the fall prevention member by fixing each of the adjacent panel main bodies to each other. The wall surface construction method according to any one of the above items. In the second step, before Symbol the fall prevention member having one end at the back is in contact or engagement of the panel body, opposite the back each other distance or the panel body between the back and Existing structures before Symbol panel body The other end of the fall prevention member abuts or engages the existing structure or the one end with the other end of the fall prevention member interposed between the rear surface of the panel body and the existing structure or between the wall surfaces in accordance with the distance between the configured wall surfaces. The panel body is held by the fall prevention member by contacting the back surface of the panel body facing the back surface of the panel body. Wall construction method. In the second step, the panel screwed to one end of the fall prevention member to an end portion of the coupling member projecting above the body, the length of the fall prevention member protruding on the rear side of the front Symbol panel body The fall prevention member is rotated to expand and contract, and the other end of the fall prevention member is arranged on the rear surface of the panel main body or the rear surface of the panel main body constituting the wall surface with the rear surface facing the rear surface of the existing structure or the panel main body. The panel main body is held by the fall prevention member by contacting the connecting member whose end portion protrudes above the panel main body constituting the wall surface with the back surface facing to each other. The wall surface construction method according to claim 13.   The said fall prevention member is removed from the said 3rd process, after filling the back surface of the said panel main body of each step below the said fall prevention member to predetermined height with a back part. Item 17. The wall surface construction method according to any one of items 16. In the second step, it is brought into contact with an end portion of the fall prevention member projecting above the lower end of the panel body to the back of the upper of the panel main body, or protrude below the upper of the panel body the end of the fall prevention member that be to contact the back of the lower end of the panel body, claim 13 said panel body claims 1, characterized in that holding by the safety members against overturning The wall surface construction method according to item 1. In the second step, the fall prevention member claims, characterized in that provided as the panel body at a predetermined distance which engagement surface abuts the panel body adjacent the adjacent lye 18 The wall surface construction method described in 1. In the second step, according to the anti-tip member, characterized in that it is brought into contact with the panel body adjacent through out freely adjusting jig to the engagement surface side abutting on the panel body adjacent Item 20. The wall surface construction method according to Item 19.   In the second step, a fulcrum that is in contact with the back surface of the panel body is provided at one end of the fall prevention member that is further away from the end portion than the attachment position with the panel body. The wall surface construction method according to any one of claims 18 to 20.   The said 1st process WHEREIN: The said connection member is formed separately from the said panel main body, and is attached to the said panel main body so that attachment or detachment or rotation is possible, The any one of Claim 1 to 21 characterized by the above-mentioned. The wall surface construction method according to item.

Images