JP5806813B2 - Smoke device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a smoke device.

  Smoke devices are widely used to control sanitary pests such as flies, mosquitoes and cockroaches, and pests such as microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The smoke device includes a smoke agent or a fumigant (hereinafter referred to as smoke agent) and means for heating the smoke agent (heating means). Smoke agents are mainly composed of an exothermic base in which various combustion agents or foaming agents are mixed and a drug as an active ingredient. In such a smoke device, the exothermic base is combusted or decomposed by the heating means, the chemical is vaporized by the generated combustion heat or heat of decomposition, and is released and diffused into the air. Alternatively, the vaporized drug is released and diffused in the air within a short time by the action of gas or smoke particles generated by the decomposition of the pyrogenic base (hereinafter, the release and diffusion of the drug in the air is called volatilization. ). It is an excellent preparation capable of controlling pests and the like with the chemicals volatilized in this way.

  In general, the heating of the smoke agent in the smoke device is a method in which a part of the smoke agent is ignited and burned with a match, or the smoke agent is heated by the hydration reaction heat of a heating agent such as calcium oxide. Used. For example, as a smoke device that uses the heat of hydration reaction of a heating agent, a device that provides a partition member that partitions the smoke agent and the heating agent and that heats the smoke agent via the partition member has been proposed. (For example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). In such a smoke device, the exothermic base decomposes and gas is generated by the self-propagation of the slow combustion of the smoke agent, and the chemical vapors into the space by the action of the generated gas. As described above, since the smoke device uses combustion of the exothermic base in the smoke agent, a non-combustible container is used. As the incombustible container, a metal can such as aluminum or tin is generally used. In recent years, TFS (Tin Free Steel), which is a steel sheet that does not use tin, has been used as an alternative to tinplate.

By the way, the smoke device using these metal cans is discarded as an incombustible material after use. For this reason, there is a need for a smoke device that has a low environmental impact and is easy to dispose of. Here, when the entire container is simply made of paper, the thermal conductivity of the paper is low, so that the smoke agent is insufficiently heated and the volatilization of the chemical becomes insufficient.
In order to deal with such problems, a paper smoke container having an aluminum laminate lid that is inexpensive and easy to dispose of has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 4). For example, a self-heating device using a paper container made of a paper layer, a synthetic resin layer, and a metal layer has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 5).

JP 2002-338407 A JP 2003-70404 A JP 2007-326851 A JP-A-6-7065 JP 2000-350547 A

However, although the smoke device of patent documents 1-3 can aim at improvement in volatilization efficiency of a medicine, it is not assumed that a metal material is excluded, and is insufficient in terms of reduction of environmental load. In the smoke device of Patent Documents 4 and 5, a metal material such as an aluminum foil is used for the container. In addition, in the self-heating device of Patent Document 5, in order to fill the inner container with the smoke agent and to heat the smoke agent through the inner container, a metal material is also used for the inner container. For this reason, it was insufficient in terms of reduction of environmental load.
Therefore, the present invention aims at a smoke device capable of sufficiently transferring the heat generated by the heating agent to the smoke agent without loss, so that the chemical can be sufficiently volatilized without using a metal material, and the environmental load can be reduced. To do.

The smoke device of the present invention includes a container having a substantially cylindrical side wall part and a bottom part provided on the bottom surface of the side wall part, and the container is made of a flammable material, A heating part filled with a heating agent that generates heat due to a hydration reaction is provided, and a smoke agent part filled with a smoke agent is provided in the container, and the heating part and the smoke agent A partition member made of a material that is melted by heat of hydration reaction of the heating agent is provided between the two parts.
The side wall portion is preferably made of paper, and a water passage hole through which water flows into the heating portion is preferably formed in the bottom portion.

  According to the smoke device of the present invention, the heat generated by the heating agent can be quickly transferred to the smoke agent without loss, so that the chemical can be sufficiently volatilized without using a metal material, and the environmental load can be reduced.

It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the soot device of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the soot device of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the soot device of this invention.

An embodiment of the smoke device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the smoke device 8 of the present invention. In the smoke device 8, the heating unit 30 and the smoke agent unit 20 are provided in the container 10 so as to be adjacent to each other vertically through the partition member 22.
The container 10 is roughly configured by a substantially cylindrical side wall portion 12, a lid portion 14 provided on the top surface side of the side wall portion 12, and a bottom portion 16 provided on the bottom surface side of the side wall portion 12. The lid portion 14 is formed with a smoke hole 15 through which the vaporized medicine flows out.
The heating unit 30 is made of a heating agent filled in the lower part of the container 10. The partition member 22 is a substantially truncated cone container whose diameter decreases as it goes from the lid portion 14 to the bottom portion 16 of the container 10. The partition member 22 has an opening on the lid portion 14 side, the peripheral edge of the opening portion is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the side wall portion 12, and the bottom portion 16 side is in contact with the top surface (heating portion top surface) 32 of the heating unit 30. It is provided. The partition member 22 is filled with a smoke agent and is provided with a smoke agent portion 20.

  The side wall part 12 of this embodiment consists of a combustible material. The material of the side wall portion 12 can be determined according to the heat generation temperature of the heating agent. For example, when calcium oxide is used as the heating agent, the exothermic temperature becomes 300 to 400 ° C. due to the hydration reaction. Therefore, a material that does not melt even at such a temperature is selected for the side wall portion 12. As such a side wall part 12, for example, a paper material which is paper or a molded processed product of paper, a non-woven fabric such as pulp or cotton, a wood such as cork, or a resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene or polyester is used. Examples include a laminate provided with a layer. From the viewpoint of reducing environmental load, the side wall 12 is preferably made of paper. In addition, if it is a paper material, it will be easy to process.

  Paper is a concept including “paperboard” defined by JIS P0001 in addition to “paper” defined by JIS P0001. The term “made of paper” is a concept including paper, “corrugated cardboard” defined by JIS Z0104, and non-woven fabric defined by JIS P0001 using pulp as a raw material for paper.

  As the material of the side wall portion 12, among paper, cardboard base paper such as liner paper, paperboard paperboard such as white paperboard and color paperboard, paperboard such as miscellaneous paperboard such as waterproof base paper and paper tube base paper, and corrugated cardboard are preferable. This is because paperboard and corrugated cardboard are self-supporting and can be easily molded and have high heat insulation properties.

When using paperboard as the side wall part 12, as for the basic weight of paperboard, 200-1000 g / m < ² > is preferable and 400-1000 g / m < ² > is more preferable, for example. If it is 200 g / m ² or more, it has the necessary self-supporting property, and the heat insulating property is enhanced, so that the drug can be volatilized more efficiently. If it is 1000 g / m ² or less, molding is easy.

When corrugated cardboard is used as the side wall part 12, the basis weight of the corrugated cardboard is preferably 200 to 1000 g / m ^{2 and} more preferably 500 to 1000 g / m ² if it is a double-faced cardboard (core: A flute). If it is 200 g / m ² or more, it has the necessary self-supporting property, and the heat insulating property is enhanced, so that the drug can be volatilized more efficiently. If it is 1000 g / m ² or less, molding is easy.

When using a cork for the side wall part 12, 0.1-0.5g / cm < ³ > is preferable and the density of a cork has more preferable 0.2-0.4g / cm < ³ >. If it is less than 0.1 g / cm ³ , the strength may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.5 g / cm ³ , the heat insulating property may be insufficient.

  The thickness of the side wall portion 12 can be determined in consideration of the strength required for the side wall portion 12, the heat insulating property, and the like, and is set to 1 to 20 mm, for example.

  The side wall 12 is preferably made of a highly heat-insulating material. For example, the side wall portion has a thermal conductivity that is an index of heat insulation, preferably 50% or less, more preferably 30% or less. If it is 50% or less, while being able to volatilize a chemical | medical agent efficiently, the temperature rise of the outer peripheral surface of the side wall part 12 can be suppressed.

The material of the lid part 14 is the same as that of the side wall part 12.
The size of the smoke passage 15 may be a size that allows the vaporized medicine to flow out. Further, the number of the smoke passage holes 15 is not particularly limited, and can be determined in consideration of the size of the smoke device 8, the amount of smoke generated by the smoke agent, and the like.

  The bottom part 16 consists of a nonwoven fabric. The material of the nonwoven fabric can be determined in consideration of the heat generation temperature of the heating agent, and examples thereof include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, pulp, and cotton. The kind of nonwoven fabric is not specifically limited, For example, the nonwoven fabric obtained by well-known manufacturing methods, such as a spun bond, a melt blow, a thermal bond, a chemical bond, a spun lace, a needle punch, is mentioned.

The material of the partition member 22 is melted by the heat generated by the heating agent, and can be selected according to the heat generation temperature of the heating agent. For example, polyethylene (melting point: 105 to 115 ° C.), polypropylene (melting point: 170 ° C.) ), Polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (melting point: 260 ° C.), plastic films such as polystyrene (melting point: 230 ° C.), and nonwoven fabrics. For example, when calcium oxide (quick lime) is used as the heating agent, the material of the partition member 22 is preferably one having a melting point of 100 to 300 ° C. If the melting point is less than 100 ° C., there is a risk of melting and deformation due to storage at high temperatures, and if the melting point exceeds 300 ° C., the partition member 22 is difficult to melt due to the heat of hydration reaction of calcium oxide. is there.
When calcium oxide is used as a heating agent, water vapor generated by the reaction between calcium oxide and water rises in the container 10. For this reason, it is preferable to use a plastic film as the partition member 22 in order to prevent water vapor generated in the initial reaction between calcium oxide and water from coming into contact with the smoke agent.

  The thickness of the partition member 22 can be determined in consideration of the heat generation temperature of the heating agent and the material of the partition member 22, and is preferably set to 0.1 to 0.5 mm, for example. By setting it within the above-mentioned range, it is easily melted by the heat generated by the heating agent, the smoke agent comes into contact with the heating agent, and the chemical in the smoke agent can be efficiently vaporized.

  The heating agent filled in the heating unit 30 generates heat at an arbitrary temperature by a hydration reaction with water, and examples thereof include calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, and iron oxide. Calcium oxide is preferable because it is easy to handle.

  The filling amount of the heating agent can be determined in consideration of the size of the smoke device 8 and the amount of the smoke agent. For example, the mass ratio of the heating agent / smoke agent is 2 to 6.5.

The smoke agent filled in the smoke agent part 20 contains a medicine.
Examples of the drug include pest control agents such as insecticides, repellents, attractants, insect growth regulators, microbial control agents such as antibacterial agents, bactericides, and fungicides, fragrances, and deodorants. Pest control agents include, for example, permethrin, allethrin, resmethrin, cyphenothrin, prarestrin, phenothrin, fenvalerate, pyrethroids such as fenpropatoline, etofenprox, fenitrothion, dichlorvos (DDVP), diazinon, prothiophos, vitex And the like, and carbamate drugs such as propoxur and methoxadiazone. Examples of the microorganism-controlling agent include fungicides for agricultural chemicals such as isophthalonitrile, procymidone, bileton and morestan, sterilization for environmental health such as siabendazole, 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate (IPBC) and IF-1000. Agents and the like.
These agents can be used singly or in appropriate combination of two or more.

  The blending amount of the drug in the smoke agent can be determined in consideration of the type of the drug, and is preferably determined in the range of 1 to 30% by mass, for example. If it is in the said range, while having the desired chemical | medical agent effect, a chemical | medical agent can be volatilized efficiently.

An exothermic base can be blended with the smoke agent as necessary. Examples of the exothermic base include known exothermic bases conventionally used for smoke agents, such as organic foaming agents and combustion agents. Among these, an organic foaming agent is preferable as the exothermic base. As the organic foaming agent, those which are pyrolyzed by heating to generate a large amount of heat and generate carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas or the like (hereinafter generally referred to as gas) are used. Examples of the organic foaming agent include azodicarbonamide, nitrocellulose, p, p′-oxybis (benzenesulfonylhydrazide), N, N′-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, azobisisobutyronitrile, and the like. Among organic foaming agents, azodicarbonamide is preferable from the viewpoint of decomposition temperature, gas generation amount, and the like.
These exothermic bases can be used singly or in appropriate combination of two or more.

  The blending amount of the exothermic base in the smoke agent can be determined in consideration of the type of the drug, and is preferably determined in the range of 50 to 85% by mass, for example, in the range of 60 to 75% by mass More preferably. If it is in the said range, while having the desired chemical | medical agent effect, a chemical | medical agent can be volatilized efficiently.

In the smoke agent, additives such as exothermic aids, stabilizers, binders, excipients, fragrances, and pigments can be blended within the range that does not exclude the effects of the present invention. Among these, it is particularly preferable to contain one or more of exothermic assistants, stabilizers, binders and excipients.
Examples of the exothermic aid include zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc carbonate, calcium carbonate, urea and the like.
In the smoke agent, the content of the exothermic auxiliary is preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass of the total mass of the smoke agent.

Examples of the stabilizer include sorbitan fatty acid ester, dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, propyl gallate, epoxy compounds (epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized linseed oil, etc.) and the like.
Examples of the binder include methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, starch, dextrin, hydroxypropyl starch, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium polyacrylate, and the like.
Examples of the excipient include clay (hydrous aluminum silicate), talc, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, white carbon, calcium carbonate and the like.

The filling amount of the smoke agent can be determined in consideration of the size of the space to be smoked, the type and amount of the drug in the smoke agent, for example, 6 to 8 tatami mats (10 to 13 m ² ) 10 to 12.5 g.

The smoke agent is prepared as a solid preparation such as powder, granules, and tablets. The solid preparation can be prepared using a known production method according to the intended dosage form. For example, in the case of a granular preparation, it can be produced by a known granulated production method such as extrusion granulation method, compression granulation method, stirring granulation method, tumbling granulation method, fluidized bed granulation method and the like.
As a specific example of the production method by the extrusion granulation method, each component of the smoke agent is mixed by a kneader and the like, and an appropriate amount of water is added and mixed, and the resulting mixture is a die having an opening of a certain area. And granulate using a pre-extrusion or horizontal extrusion granulator. The granulated product may be further cut into a certain size using a cutter or the like and dried.

Next, the smoke method using the smoke device 8 will be described by taking an example where an organic foaming agent is used as the exothermic base. First, prepare a water storage container containing water. Next, the smoke device 8 is placed in the water storage container so that the bottom 16 is immersed in water. When the smoke device 8 is left in the water storage container, water penetrates the bottom 16 and flows into the heating unit 30. At this stage, the smoke agent and the heating agent are separated by the presence of the partition member 22. For this reason, since only a heating agent exists in a heating part, a heating agent supplies water rapidly and it produces heat | fever by a hydration reaction. In addition, the inflowing water is not in contact with the smoke agent.
When the smoke agent reaches an arbitrary temperature due to the heat of hydration reaction generated by the hydration reaction, the agent in the smoke agent is vaporized and the organic foaming agent is decomposed to generate gas. And the vaporized chemical | medical agent flows out from the smoke vent 15 with gas, and is spread | diffused in the air. In addition, the partition member 22 is melted by the hydration reaction heat generated by the hydration reaction. When the partition member 22 melts, the smoke agent filled in the partition member 22 is spread on the heating unit 30 and directly contacts the heating agent. For this reason, the heat of hydration reaction of the heating agent rapidly propagates to the smoke agent, and the agent in the smoke agent is efficiently vaporized in a short time.

As described above, the smoke device of the present embodiment is composed of only a combustible material that does not substantially include a metal material. For this reason, the smoke device can be discarded as combustible waste after use, and the environmental load can be reduced.
In addition, since the smoke agent part is adjacent to the heating part via the partition member, the smoke agent is brought into water before the heat of hydration reaction necessary for the vaporization of the chemical or the gas generation of the organic foaming agent occurs. The drug vaporizes quickly without getting wet. In addition, after the heat of hydration reaction necessary for the vaporization of the drug or the gas generation of the organic foaming agent is generated, the heat of hydration reaction generated in the heating part is directly transmitted to the smoke agent, so that the drug can be volatilized in a short time. . Thus, the smoke agent can be efficiently heated from immediately after the start of smoke until the end of smoke, and as a result, the chemical can be efficiently vaporized. In addition, since the chemicals are volatilized in a short time, the time during which the container is heated is shortened, and even a flammable container can be smoked without deformation.
Furthermore, since the smoke device of the present invention does not use a flame when the chemical is volatilized, the container itself does not ignite and can be used safely.

The smoke device of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
In the above-described embodiment, the shape of the side wall portion is a cylindrical shape. However, the shape of the side wall portion is not limited to this, and for example, the shape of the cross section may be a polygonal rectangular tube. Further, for example, a shape in which the diameter increases from the top surface toward the bottom surface or a shape in which the diameter increases from the both end surfaces toward the center may be employed.

  In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the nonwoven fabric is used for the bottom part of a container, a bottom part is not limited to this. The bottom portion may be, for example, a sheet-like paper, a metal or the like with a through hole, or may be made of paper or a metal mesh.

  In the above-described embodiment, the heating agent is filled below the container and the heating unit is provided, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a container containing water may be installed in the heating unit together with the heating agent. In such a heating part, water can be released from the container during smoke so that a hydration reaction with the heating agent can occur. When such a heating unit is employed, the bottom portion 16 may not be a material having water permeability such as a nonwoven fabric or a member provided with water passage holes.

  In the above-described embodiment, the shape of the partition member is substantially a truncated cone, but the shape of the partition member is not limited to this. For example, it is good also as the sheet-like partition member 122 which partitions off the inside of the container 12 to the perpendicular direction like the smoke apparatus 100 of FIG. In the smoke device 100, the smoke agent unit 120 is placed on the heating unit 30 via the partition member 122. For example, the partition member may have a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, a cubic shape, a bag shape, or the like.

  In the above-mentioned embodiment, the smoke agent part is set as the structure mounted in the heating part top surface. However, the installation position of the smoke agent part is not limited to this. For example, the smoke agent part may be provided so that part or all of the smoke agent part is embedded in the heating part.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the smoke agent part is adjacent to the heating part via the partition member, that is, the partition member is in contact with the heating part, but the present invention is not limited to this, for example, FIG. 3, the heating unit 30 and the partition member 22 may be separated from each other. In the smoke device 200, the heating unit top surface 32 and the bottom surface 222 of the partition member 22 are separated by a separation distance D.
The separation distance D can be determined in consideration of the material of the partition member 22, the type of heating agent, and the like, and is set to 20 mm or less, for example.
However, from the viewpoint of starting heating the smoke agent earlier, it is preferable that the partition member is in contact with the top surface of the heating unit and the heating agent portion and the smoke agent portion are adjacent to each other via the partition member.

  In the above-mentioned embodiment, the cover part in which the smoke vent was formed is provided in the container. However, the container may be in a form in which the lid is not provided and the top surface is opened.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

(Raw materials used)
[Fumigant]
<Drug>
・ Permethrin: Exmine (trade name), manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. ・ Metoxadiazone: Elemic (trade name), manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.

<Exothermic base>
Azodicarbonamide (ADCA): Die blow AC. 2040 (C) (trade name), manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.

<Exothermic aid>
-Zinc oxide: Japanese Pharmacopoeia Zinc oxide, true specific gravity 5.6 g / cm ³ (20 ° C), manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

<Binder>
・ Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC): Metrows 60SH-50 (trade name), manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.

<Excipient>
・ Clay: NK-300 (trade name), manufactured by Showa KDE Co., Ltd.

[Heating agent]
Calcium oxide: Granular oxidation with a particle size of 1 to 5 mm obtained by dehydrating slaked lime by heating at 600 ° C. for 4 hours in the absence of carbon dioxide in accordance with the method described in “JP-A-01-308825” calcium.

<Partition member>
・ Polyethylene cup (PE cup): material: polyethylene, thickness: 0.3 mm, dimensions: top surface φ61 mm, bottom surface φ42 mm, height 33 mm
Polystyrene cup (PS cup): material: polystyrene, thickness: 0.25 mm, dimensions: top surface φ65 mm, bottom surface φ40 mm, height 35 mm
-TFS cup (TFS cup): material: TFS (Tin Free Steel; general-purpose tin-free steel plate for can drinks), thickness: 0.25 mm, dimensions: top surface φ60 mm, bottom surface φ40 mm, height 35 mm
Aluminum cup (Al cup): material: aluminum, thickness: 0.01 mm, dimensions: top surface φ60 mm, bottom surface φ40 mm, height 33 mm

(Experimental example 1)
The thermal conductivity of TFS (thin steel plate for can beverages and general-purpose tin-free steel) having a thickness of 0.25 mm was measured by the method described below.
A thermocouple A (CS-11E-010-1-TC1-AMP, manufactured by Anritsu Co., Ltd.) was brought into contact with the heating surface of the heater (CORNING PC-400D (manufactured by Taitec Corporation)), and the heater was heated to 300 ° C. .
A TFS flat plate (40 mm × 40 mm) was used as a sample, and a thermocouple B (ST-11E-015, manufactured by Anritsu Co., Ltd.) was attached to one surface of the sample. The other surface of the sample was brought into contact with the heating surface of the heater, and the temperature measured with thermocouple A and thermocouple B was recorded with a thermologger (AM-8000E, manufactured by Anritsu Corporation). The thermal conductivity was calculated by the following formula (1) using the measurement result one minute after the sample was brought into contact with the heating surface of the heater.

  Thermal conductivity (%) = sample surface temperature (° C.) / Heater temperature (° C.) × 100 (1)

(Experimental example 2)
For liner paper A (liner paper having a basis weight of 400 g / m ² and a thickness of 1.3 mm), the thermal conductivity was determined in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1.

(Experimental example 3)
For liner paper B (two sheets of liner paper A stacked, basis weight 800 g / m ² , thickness 2.6 mm), thermal conductivity was determined in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1.

(Experimental example 4)
The thermal conductivity of cardboard (basis weight 100 g / m ² , thickness 1.7 mm) was determined in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1.

(Experimental example 5)
For cardboard (front and back; basis weight 180 g / m ² , core: basis weight 160 g / m ² , A flute, thickness 5 mm, basis weight 520 g / m ² double-sided cardboard), heat conduction in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1. The rate was determined.

(Experimental example 6)
The thermal conductivity of cork (density 0.24 g / cm ³ , thickness 2.0 mm) was determined in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1.

  As shown in Table 1, the thermal conductivity of paper or cork was 50% or less. The metal TFS had a thermal conductivity of 62.5%.

(Examples 1-9, Comparative Examples 2-5)
[Preparation of smoke agent]
According to the composition of the smoke mixture shown in Tables 2 to 3, components other than water were introduced into a raking machine (Ishikawa-type stirring raking machine) and mixed. After mixing, water was added and further mixed to obtain a smoke mixture. The obtained smoke mixture was granulated using a die pre-extruder granulator (EXK-1, manufactured by Fuji Powder Co., Ltd.) having an opening having a diameter of 2 mm to obtain a granulated product. The obtained granulated product was cut to a length of 2 to 5 mm and dried from 109.5 parts by mass to 100 parts by mass with a dryer (RT-120HL, manufactured by Alp Co., Ltd.) set at 70 ° C. A smoke-like agent was obtained.

[Production of smoke device]
According to the specifications of Tables 2 and 3, a smoke device similar to the smoke device 8 of FIG. 1 was produced. The lid is made of the materials listed in Tables 2-3, and has one φ9 mm smoke vent (central smoke vent) in the center of the material, and further, a φ6 mm smoke vent around the periphery of the central smoke vent. Four holes were provided at equal intervals. In addition, the bottom portion is made of the materials shown in Tables 2 and 3, and one φ9 mm water passage hole (central water passage hole) is provided at the center of the material, and a φ6 mm water passage hole is provided around the periphery of the central water passage hole. Four pieces were provided at intervals. The side wall portion was a cylinder having a diameter of 65 mm and a height of 50 mm. A bottom portion was attached to the side wall portion to form a bottomed cylindrical container, and the container was filled with 40 g of a heating agent to form a heating section.
The partition member was fixed to the side wall portion so that the bottom surface of the partition member was in contact with the top surface of the heating unit. The partition member was filled with 10 g of the smoke agent obtained in “[Preparation of smoke agent]”. After filling with the smoke agent, a lid was attached to the container to produce a smoke device. Smoke was conducted with the produced smoke device to determine the volatilization rate. The calculated volatilization rates are shown in Tables 2-3.

(Example 10)
Example 1 except that the partition member is provided so that the bottom surface of the partition member and the top surface of the heating unit are separated (separation distance D = 10 mm), and the smoke device is similar to the smoke device 200 shown in FIG. Similarly, a smoke device was produced. Smoke was conducted with the produced smoke device to determine the volatilization rate. The calculated volatilization rate is shown in Table 3.

(Comparative Example 1)
A smoke smoking apparatus was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that TFS was used as the material for the side wall and the lid, and non-woven fabric was used as the bottom without providing a water passage hole. Smoke was conducted with the produced smoke device to determine the volatilization rate. The calculated volatilization rate is shown in Table 3.

(Comparative Example 6)
[Preparation of smoke agent]
According to the composition shown in Table 3, a smoke agent was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Production of smoke device]
A smoke device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the partition member was not provided and the container was filled with a mixture of the smoke agent and the heating agent. Smoke was conducted with the produced smoke device to determine the volatilization rate. The calculated volatilization rate is shown in Table 3.

(Evaluation method)
[Volatilization rate]
23 mL of water was placed in a plastic cup (for 25 g of Balsan (trade name, manufactured by Lion Corporation) starting with water), and the plastic cup was installed in the center of a test chamber having an internal volume of 6.38 m ³ (6380 L). The smoke device of each example was allowed to stand in the plastic cup, and smoke was started. Five minutes after the start of soot, the air in the test chamber was stirred with a fan. After stirring, 20 L of air in the test chamber was passed through the recovery column using a vacuum pump, and the volatilized chemical was adsorbed in the test chamber. As the recovery column, chromatographic silica gel (Wakogel C-100, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used.
Next, after the drug was adsorbed, acetone was passed through the collection column, and the passed acetone was collected. Thus, the drug adsorbed on the silica gel for chromatography was eluted. Using the collected acetone as a sample, the amount of drug (A) in acetone was quantified by gas chromatography. On the other hand, the amount of chemical (B) in the smoke was determined by gas chromatography. From these quantitative results, the volatilization rate was calculated by the following formula (2).

  Volatilization rate (mass%) = (A / 20L) × (1 / B) × 6380L × 100% (2)

[Presence of deformation]
About the soot apparatus of each example, the state of the container after soot was confirmed visually, and the following evaluation criteria evaluated.
Deformation “No”: There is no deformation of the side wall, the lid and the bottom, and there is no displacement or loosening of the joint between the side wall and the lid or the joint between the side wall and the bottom.
Deformation “present”: There is deformation in any of the side wall part, the lid part or the bottom part, or there is a shift or looseness of the joint part between the side wall part and the lid part or the joint part between the side wall part and the bottom part.

  In Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, the ignition of the container was not observed during soot. In the containers of Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 and 4 to 6, no deformation was observed even at the end of smoking. On the other hand, although the containers of Comparative Examples 2 to 3 were self-supporting at the end of smoking, partial deformation was observed. In Comparative Examples 2 to 3, since the partition member is made of metal, it is presumed that deformation occurred due to the influence of radiant heat by the partition member.

As shown in Tables 2 and 3, the volatilization rate of each of Examples 1 to 10 to which the present invention was applied was 60% by mass or more. On the other hand, as shown in Table 3, in Comparative Examples 2 to 5 in which the partition member was made of metal, the volatilization rate was 53% by mass or less. Among them, in Comparative Example 6 in which the smoke agent and the heating agent were mixed and filled in advance, the volatilization rate of permethrin was 19% by mass, and the volatilization rate of methoxadiazone was 32% by mass.
From these results, it was found that the smoke smoking apparatus of the present invention can efficiently volatilize the drug even if the side wall is made of paper by providing a partition member that melts by the hydration reaction heat of the heating agent.

In Examples 1 and 7 to 9, the composition of the organic foaming agent in the smoke agent was 45 to 70% by mass, and the volatilization rate was 65% by mass or more. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 to 6, the composition of the organic foaming agent in the smoke agent was 65% by mass, and the volatilization rate was 53% by mass or less.
From these results, it was found that the smoke device of the present invention can efficiently volatilize the chemical even if the organic foaming property in the smoke agent is small as compared with the smoke device in which the partition member is made of metal.

8, 100, 200 Smoke device 10 Container 12 Side wall part 15 Smoke hole 16 Bottom part 20, 120 Smoke agent part 22, 122 Partition member 30 Heating part

Claims (3)

A container having a substantially cylindrical side wall and a bottom provided on the bottom surface of the side wall;
The container is made of a flammable material,
The side wall has a thermal conductivity of 50% or less determined by the following measurement method,
Below the inside of the container is provided a heating unit filled with a heating agent that generates heat by a hydration reaction,
In the container, a smoke agent part filled with a smoke agent is provided,
Between the heating part and the smoke agent part, a partition member that melts due to heat of hydration reaction of the heating agent is provided.
<Measurement method>
A thermocouple A is brought into contact with the heating surface of the heater, and the heater is heated to 300 ° C. Prepare a sample with thermocouple B attached to one side of the sample. The other surface of the sample is brought into contact with the heating surface of the heater, and the temperature measured with thermocouple A and thermocouple B is recorded. Using the measurement result one minute after the sample is brought into contact with the heating surface of the heater, the thermal conductivity is calculated by the following equation (1).
Thermal conductivity (%) = sample surface temperature (° C.) / Heater temperature (° C.) × 100 (1) The partition part is provided above the heating part, and the diameter decreases toward the bottom of the container, and the smoke agent part is provided by being filled with the smoke agent. The smoke device according to claim 1.   The smoke device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a water passage hole through which water flows into the heating unit is formed in the bottom portion.

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