JP5802008B2 - Workpiece cut by laser cutting device and method for chamfering product member cut from the workpiece - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a workpiece cut by a laser cutting device for easily chamfering a product member manufactured by cutting a workpiece with a laser of a laser cutting device, and a chamfering method for cutting from the workpiece.

  Conventionally, a laser cutting device is known as a device for cutting a thin plate to a thick plate of various materials such as a metal plate. Laser cutting equipment can cut a hard material such as metal precisely even with a complicated shape with a laser, and it can be cut at high speed, making a high-precision processed product. It is known that it can be done. However, since the cutting accuracy by laser is high, when a hard material such as metal is cut, the product member 50 cut from the workpiece is cut by the laser from the upper surface 52 and the lower surface 54 as shown in FIG. The edge 58 with the cut surface 56 has a right angle and a sharp shape. For this reason, when the product member 50 is placed in contact with a person, the finger or the like may touch the sharp edge 58 and the finger or the like may be cut off.

  As described above, since the edge 58 is sharp on the outer peripheral surface of the product member 50 to be cut by the laser cutting device, chamfering operations such as filing and sanding are necessary above and below the outer periphery of the cutting surface 56 of the product member 50. Become. Such chamfering operations such as filing and sanding are generally dependent on human power, and have the disadvantages of being time consuming and costly.

  In order to eliminate this drawback, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of cutting a product member from a workpiece using a laser cutting device and chamfering from the product member. A method of chamfering in Patent Document 1 is shown in FIGS. FIG. 9 shows a first operation process of a method for producing a product member chamfered from a workpiece. As shown in FIG. 9, a workpiece 60 made of a metal plate is cut into a product member 62 and a removal member 64 by a laser of a laser cutting device (not shown) (FIG. 11). Before the workpiece 60 is cut by the laser, V-shaped grooves 68 are formed on both the upper surface 52 and the lower surface 54 at the cutting position of the workpiece 60 by upper and lower molds 66a and 66b as groove forming means. The molds 66a and 66b have a roller shape whose outer diameter increases from the left and right ends toward the center position. If the angle formed by the center is the angle θ4, the angle formed by the V-shaped groove 68 is also the angle θ4. The groove 68 is formed by the molds 66a and 66b so that the center position (deepest position) 70 of the V-shaped groove 68 is the center position of the cutting width H (FIG. 10) cut by the laser. In the upper and lower grooves 68 formed by the upper and lower molds 66a and 66b, an upper and lower inclined surface 72 is formed on the product member 62 side, and an inclined surface 74 is also formed on the removal member 64 side.

  When the groove 68 is formed by the upper and lower molds 66a and 66b, the intersection point where the upper surface 52 and the lower surface 54 and the inclined surface 72 intersect on the product member 62 side is defined as a first intersection point (edge) 76, and the upper surface 52 and lower surface 54 thereof. And the inclined surface 72 is defined as an angle θ5. Similarly, the intersection point where the upper surface 52 or the lower surface 54 and the inclined surface 74 intersect on the removal member 64 side is defined as a second intersection (edge) 78, and the angle formed by the upper surface 52 or the lower surface 54 and the inclined surface 74 is defined as an angle θ6. Here, when the angle θ4 is an obtuse angle, for example, 120 degrees, the angle θ5 at the first intersection 76 and the angle θ6 at the second intersection 78 are 150 degrees, and θ5 and θ6 are obtuse angles larger than θ4.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the deepest tip of the V-shaped groove 68 of the workpiece 60 is taken as the deepest tip 70. A line connecting the deepest tip point 70 on the upper surface 52 side and the deepest tip point 70 on the lower surface 54 side is defined as an AA line. The line AA is perpendicular to the upper surface 52 and the lower surface 54.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the second work step of cutting the workpiece 60 is a laser having a width H centering on a line AA centering on the deepest tip 70 of the upper and lower grooves 68. A cut is made through two grooves 68 at the top and bottom. A cutting line on the inclined surface 72 side in the groove 68 by the laser is a CC line, and a line on the inclined surface 74 side in the groove 68 is a DD line. The cutting width of the cutting line by the laser (the width H between the CC line and the DD line) is generally 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm. The portion of the workpiece 60 to be cut by the laser is indicated by a cross hatched region 80 surrounded by the CC line and the DD line in FIG.

  The workpiece 60 to be cut by the laser cutting device is previously formed with upper and lower molds 66a and 66b, and grooves 68 are formed in the upper and lower directions, and a line (AA line) connecting the deepest end points 70 of the upper and lower grooves 68. ) At the center and cut with a laser cutting device. A partial cross-sectional view of the product member 62 and the removal member 64 of the workpiece 60 cut by the laser is shown in FIG. In the product member 62, a cut portion of the laser along the CC line is defined as a cut surface 82. A crossing point between the cut surface 82 and the upper and lower inclined surfaces 72 is defined as a third intersection (edge) 84, and an angle formed between the cut surface 82 and the inclined surface 72 is defined as an angle θ7. This angle θ7 is an obtuse angle. As a result, an edge composed of two first intersection points 76 and two third intersection points 84 is formed at the outer peripheral surface of the product member 62 cut by the laser. For example, when the angle θ4 is 120 degrees, the angle θ5 of the first intersection 76 is 150 degrees (obtuse angle), and the angle θ7 of the third intersection 84 is 120 degrees (obtuse angle).

  Since the edge at an angle of 120 degrees or 150 degrees is not sharp, even if the finger touches the edge (the first intersection 76 and the third intersection 84) on the outer peripheral surface of the product member 62, the finger does not break. Thus, in the product member 62 manufactured in Patent Document 1, the angles of all edges formed on the thickness portion (outer peripheral surface) cut by the laser are large obtuse angles of 120 degrees and 150 degrees, Even if a finger touches the product member 62 cut by the laser device, the finger is not cut. Therefore, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to perform chamfering operations such as file-making and sanding by human power after the product member 62 is cut with a laser.

Japanese Patent No. 4328583

  In the invention of Patent Document 1, the groove 68 is first formed on the workpiece 60 by the molds 66a and 66b, and then the center position of the groove 68 (the deepest position 70 of the groove 68) is cut with a laser. When the groove 68 is first formed by the molds 66a and 66b, the center position of the groove 68 is set as the outer dimension position of the product member 62, and when the product member 62 is cut out by the subsequent laser, the center position ( The laser cutting position is aligned with the deepest position 70) of the groove 68. In the laser apparatus, when cutting a curved portion, the cutting speed cannot be cut with an accurate dimension unless the cutting speed is slower than a straight line.

  In the invention of Patent Document 1, both the formation of the groove 68 by the first molds 66a and 66b and the cutting by the next laser are performed in accordance with the external dimensions of the product member 62. For example, when forming the groove 68 by the molds 66a and 66b for the product member 62 having a large curved portion of R, in order to increase the productivity of the product member 62, the speed of forming the groove 68 of the curved portion is changed to the straight portion. If the speed is the same as that of the mold 68a, a force in the thrust direction is applied to the molds 66a and 66b, and the position of the groove 68 may be displaced from the predetermined outer shape position. After the groove 68 is formed, a predetermined outer shape position is cut by a laser. When the formation position of the groove 68 is deviated from the predetermined outer shape position, a step is formed on the cut surface by the laser, or the laser cutting position. However, when the position does not match the position of the groove 68, there is a possibility that a sharp edge may remain on the laser cut section.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and prevents the fingers and the like from being damaged by the edge generated on the outer peripheral surface of the product member cut by the laser from the workpiece, and improves the productivity of the product member. The present invention provides a workpiece to be cut by a laser cutting device and a method for chamfering an edge of a product member cut out from the workpiece.

The method for chamfering a product member cut from a workpiece according to the present invention is a method of cutting a product member by cutting a portion corresponding to the product member region with a laser from a workpiece comprising a product member region and a removal member region. A plurality of laser cutting portions for cutting the boundary between the product member region and the removal member region with a laser at an arbitrary or predetermined position of the removal member region as a laser cutting start position; A connecting portion that connects the product member region and the removal member region is formed between the cutting end position and another laser cutting portion, and the workpiece is transferred to the product member in a state where a plurality of the connecting portions are formed. remain in the connected state by the connecting portion without being separated into the region and the removal member area, from the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece, put in the position of the laser cutting unit The groove having an inclined surface on a cut surface formed in said product member area side and said removing member region side is formed by a groove forming means, after forming the grooves, and products member by cutting the connecting portion with the separation means The removal member is separated. The present invention is characterized in that the laser cutting portion is a guide groove when the groove forming means is moved. The present invention is characterized in that it is a space serving as a laser cutting start position, and a through hole formed in the removal member region or a recess recessed on the removal member region side is formed at an outer edge of the removal member region. To do. The present invention is characterized in that the groove forming means is a rotatable mold, and the outer diameter of the mold increases from the left and right sides toward the center. The present invention is characterized in that the groove is a V groove, and the opening angle of the V groove is a right angle or an obtuse angle.

Workpiece to be cut by the laser cutting device according to the present invention is a workpiece to be used in the chamfering process products member being cut from the workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 5, laser At least one of a through hole in the removal member region as a space to be a cutting start position of the above or a recess recessed toward the removal member region at the outer edge of the removal member region is formed. .

  In the present invention, a workpiece is first cut with a laser, and then a chamfering operation with a mold is performed. By the first laser cutting, the product member region to be the product member is only partially connected to the removal member region, but most of the product member shape is cut with accurate dimensions. When the product member has a large curved portion of R, first, an accurate outer shape of the product member is cut with a laser. In the next chamfering operation with the mold, it is desirable to match the position of the movement center of the mold with the laser cutting part between the product member area and the removal member area formed on the workpiece. Since the dimensions are given, even if there is a slight shift in the movement center position of the mold, the product member can be chamfered reliably, and the dimensions of the product member are not affected. Therefore, the moving speed of the chamfering mold can be increased, and the productivity of the product member can be increased. In addition, the laser cutting part formed on the workpiece serves as a guide groove when the mold is moved. Therefore, when forming a groove with a mold having a large R curve, the center tip of the mold moves along the laser cutting section even if the mold speed is increased, thus increasing the productivity of the product member. It becomes possible.

  In the present invention, a through hole is formed in the removal member region of the workpiece, or a concave portion recessed toward the removal member region is formed on the outer edge of the removal member region. Thus, by setting the cutting start position by the laser as a space of either the through hole or the recess, the laser can be immediately moved in the cutting direction of the workpiece, and the processing time can be shortened. Since the groove forming means is a rotating mold, the time for forming the groove can be shortened. The groove formed on the workpiece is a V-groove (a roller shape in which the outer diameter increases from the left and right ends toward the center position), and the opening angle of the V-groove is a right angle or an obtuse angle. The angle of the edge formed on the cut outer peripheral surface of the product member to be cut out can be made obtuse, and even if the finger or the like comes into contact with the edge, the finger or the like can be prevented from being cut. That is, after chamfering with a metal mold, it is not necessary to perform chamfering operations such as file hunting or sanding by human power.

It is a top view of the processed material before performing the laser processing which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows the state which gave the laser processing to the workpiece which concerns on this invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a main part of FIG. It is the top view which isolate | separated the processed material of FIG. 2 into the product member and the removal member. It is sectional drawing of the product member area | region and removal member area | region centering on the laser cutting part in the workpiece of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which forms a groove | channel by a metal mold | die in the product member area | region and removal member area | region of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which removed the upper and lower metal mold | die from the state of FIG. It is conventional sectional drawing which shows the cutting location of the workpiece cut | disconnected with the laser. It is conventional sectional drawing which shows the state which forms a groove | channel with a metal mold | die in a workpiece. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the workpiece with the mold removed from FIG. 9. It is sectional drawing of the state which cut | disconnected the groove | channel of the workpiece of FIG. 10, and isolate | separated into the product member and the removal member.

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a workpiece according to the present invention before laser processing, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which the workpiece according to the present invention is cut with a laser, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view in which the workpiece of FIG. 2 is separated into a product member and a removal member. A workpiece 10 according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is a plate material such as a metal plate, for example, and can be cut by a laser of a laser cutting device (not shown). The plane of the workpiece 10 is composed of a product member region 14a defined by a cutting assumption line 12 (shown by a one-dot chain line) and a removal member region 16a surrounding the product member region 14a. For example, the product member region 14a is a square, and the removal member region 16a is a square that is slightly larger than the product member 16b. In the workpiece 10, the assumed cutting line 12 indicated by the alternate long and short dash line is cut with a laser (except for the connecting portion 26 described later), so that the workpiece 10 finally has the product member 14 and the removal member 16 shown in FIG. 4. To separate.

  The workpiece 10 shown in FIG. 1 is in a state before being cut by a laser, and is formed by forming a plurality of through-holes 18 that are discard holes in the removal member region 16a. The number of through holes 18 is set according to the shape of the product member 14. Depending on the shape of the product member 14, the workpiece 10 is subjected to a series of laser cuttings several times. When the product member region 14 a is square, the laser beam is applied to the workpiece 10 four times in a straight line. Cutting. A series of cuttings by a laser is not limited to a linear shape, and a curved shape can be formed. The end point of a series of cuttings by a laser is generally an abrupt angle reversal position or the like.

  Here, the case where the square product member 14 is cut out from the workpiece 10 shown in FIG. 1 by a laser will be described. Using the through hole 18 of the workpiece 10 as a laser cutting start position, a portion corresponding to one side of the square product member 14 is then cut linearly along the assumed cutting line 12 with a laser. A portion cut by the laser is defined as a laser cutting unit 20. Four linear laser cutting portions 20 are formed on the workpiece 10 with the four through holes 18 as cutting start positions, respectively. As shown in FIG. 3, the four laser cutting portions 20 do not cut the entire length of one side of the product member 14, but cut to a position where the length of one side intersects with the other side. Do not cut only the short length before the other side.

  Let the cutting start position by a laser be the through-hole 18 provided in the removal member area | region 16a. Note that any position that is not the through hole 18 in the removal member region 16a can be set as a cutting start position by a laser. However, if an arbitrary position other than the through-hole 18 (predetermined position) is a laser cutting start position, the removal member region 16a must be first drilled in the vertical direction by the laser, and the hole is formed in the vertical direction. After opening, the workpiece 10 is cut in the lateral direction. On the other hand, if the through hole 18 is provided in advance, the workpiece 10 may be cut laterally from the position of the through hole 18 (laser start position by laser), and the cutting time can be shortened. As shown in the upper right of FIG. 1, a recess 24 that is recessed from the outer edge 22 of the removal member region 16 toward the inside of the removal member region 16 may be formed instead of or along with the through hole 18. In this case, cutting is started from the position of the recess 24 instead of the through hole 18.

  As a result of forming four laser cutting portions 20 on the workpiece 10, the workpiece 12 shown in FIG. 2 has four connecting portions in which the product member region 12 and the removal member region 14 are not cut. 26 is formed (FIG. 3). The length of the connecting portion 26 is set to such a length that it can be easily cut by applying a force by human power even if the workpiece material is a hard metal material. The length of the connecting portion 26 depends on the material of the workpiece 10 and the thickness of the workpiece, but is preferably about 0.5 mm, for example, but is not limited to this length. At the position where the laser cutting portion 20 is formed on the workpiece 10, as shown in FIG. 5, the product member region 14a and the removal member region 16a are divided by the cutting width h of the laser cutting portion 20. The cutting width h by laser is generally 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.

  After forming the laser cutting part 20 in the workpiece 10, as shown in FIG. 6, the groove | channel 30 is formed in the workpiece 10 using the metal mold | die 28a and the metal mold | die 28b. At this time, the groove 30 is formed in the workpiece 10 by pressing the mold 28a and the mold 28b to the upper and lower positions (the product member area 14a and the removal member area 16a) of the laser cutting portion 20 of the workpiece 10. The mold 28a and the mold 28b are, for example, symmetrical, and have a shape in which the outer diameter increases from the left and right sides toward the center (roller shape with the longest outer diameter at the center), and the rotating mold moves while rotating. A mold is desirable. From the upper surface and the lower surface of the workpiece 10, the rotary molds 28 a and 28 b are rotated and moved so as to press the workpiece 10 along the laser cutting part 20. Thus, the upper and lower surfaces 32 and 34 of the left and right workpieces 10 at the position of the laser cutting portion 20 have V-shaped grooves 30 (product member region 14a and removal member region 16a as shown in FIG. 6). Groove) is formed. Assuming that the angle of the central portion where the outer diameters of the rotary mold 28a and the rotary mold 28b are large is the angle θ1, the angle θ1 is preferably a right angle or an obtuse angle, but the angle θ1 is not limited to this. If the groove 30 is formed using the rotating mold 28a and the rotating mold 28b, the time for forming the groove 30 along the entire length of the laser cutting portion 20 can be shortened. The groove 30 may be formed by a mold other than the rotating mold. The groove 30 is preferably V-shaped in cross section, but is not limited thereto.

  When the groove 30 is formed by the rotating dies 28a and 28b, the central portion having the large outer diameter of the rotating dies 28a and 28b is fitted to the width H of the laser cutting part 20 to thereby form the rotating dies 28a and 28b. Even if the rotational speed is increased, the laser can be moved along the laser cutting unit 20 without detaching from the laser cutting unit 20. As the upper and lower molds 28a and 28b move along the laser cutting portion 20 to form the grooves 30, inclined surfaces 36 are formed on the upper and lower sides on the product member region 14a side. On the other hand, inclined surfaces 38 are also formed on the upper and lower sides on the removal member region 16a side. These inclined surfaces 36 and 38 may be linear or curved.

  When the groove 30 is formed by the upper and lower molds 28a, 28b, the intersection point where the upper surface 32 or the lower surface 34 and the inclined surface 36 intersect on the product member region 14a side is defined as a first intersection point (edge) 40, and the upper surface 32 or the lower surface 34 And the inclined surface 36 (an angle at the first intersection 32) is defined as an angle θ2. This θ2 is θ2 = 90 degrees + θ1 / 2. Here, when the angle θ1 is a right angle, θ2 is θ2 = 90 degrees + 90 degrees / 2 = 135 degrees. If the angle θ1 is, for example, 120 degrees, the angle θ2 of the first intersection 40 is 150 degrees.

  In the product member region 14 a, when a surface cut by the laser cutting unit 20 is a cut surface 42, the cut surface 42 is an outer peripheral surface (outer surface) of the product member 14. A crossing point between the cut surface 42 and the upper and lower inclined surfaces 36 is defined as a second intersection (edge) 44, and an angle formed between the cut surface 42 and the inclined surface 36 is defined as an angle θ3. This angle θ3 is θ3 = 180 degrees−θ1 ÷ 2). Here, when the angle θ1 is a right angle, the angle θ3 is θ3 = 180 degrees−90 ÷ 2 = 135 degrees. When the angle θ1 is set to 120 degrees, for example, the angle θ3 of the first intersection 40 is 120 degrees.

  Thus, in the product member region 14a, the two first intersections 40 and the two second intersections are formed by the cut surface 42 formed by being cut by the laser and the inclined surface 36 formed by the groove 30. An edge consisting of 44 is formed. However, as described above, when the angle θ2 of the first intersection (edge) 24 and the angle θ3 of the second intersection (edge) 30 are both the angles θ1 of the apexes of the molds 28a and 28b, the angle θ2 The angle θ3 is also 135 degrees. If the angle θ1 is an obtuse angle slightly larger than 90 degrees, the angle θ2 becomes an obtuse angle slightly larger than 135 degrees, and the angle θ3 becomes an obtuse angle slightly smaller than 135 degrees.

  As described above, in the present invention, even if the finger touches the edge on the outer peripheral surface of the product member region 14a formed by the laser cutting and the groove 30 formed by the rotating molds 28a and 28b, the finger can be cut. There is nothing. As a result, the finishing work after the grooves 30 are formed by the rotary molds 28a and 28b becomes unnecessary.

  In the product member region 14a, the angle θ2 of the first intersection point 40 and the angle θ3 of the second intersection point 44 have been described. However, when the upper and lower molds 28a, 28b are symmetrical, The intersection point 40 and the second intersection point 44 are formed, but since they are members to be removed, description thereof is omitted.

  In a state where the groove 30 and the inclined surface 36 are formed in the workpiece 10 (product member region 14a) by the rotary molds 28a and 28b, the product member region 14a and the removal member region 16 are connected by the four connecting portions 26. ing. Since the connecting portion 26 is short in length and can be cut by human power, the connecting portion 26 at four locations is cut by human power to separate the product member 14 and the removal member 16 as shown in FIG. In the separated product member 14, edges are formed at four places where the connecting portion 26 is broken, but the edges at the four places are removed by chamfering such as sanding or sanding by human power. However, since the length of the four edges is about 1 mm at the maximum, the chamfering work does not take time.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the accurate outer shape of the portion to be the product member 14 is cut at the time of cutting with a laser for the first time. In the next chamfering operation by the molds 28a and 28b, the molds 28a and 28b are fitted into the laser cutting portion 20 formed between the product member region 14a and the removal member region 16a. That is, the laser cutting portion 20 serves as a guide groove for the molds 28a and 28b, and can prevent the molds 28a and 28b from being displaced in the thrust direction when forming the groove 30 having a large R-curved portion. Therefore, the moving speed of the chamfering molds 28a and 28b can be increased, the working time of the chamfering work can be greatly shortened, and the production efficiency of the product member 14 can be greatly increased.

  In the above-described embodiment, the product member region 14a is disposed on the inner side and the removal member region 16a is disposed on the outer side. However, the removal member region 16a is disposed on the inner side and the product member region 14a is disposed on the outer side. Also, the present invention can be applied. In addition, when making the removal member area | region 16a inside, it is desirable to provide a through hole in the removal member area | region 16a, and let the through hole be a laser cutting start position.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Workpiece 12 Cutting assumption line 14 Product member 14a Product member area | region 16 Removal member 16a Removal member area | region 18 Through-hole 20 Laser cutting part 22 Outer edge 24 Recess 26 Connection part 28a Mold 28b Mold 30 Groove 36 Inclined surface 40 First intersection 42 Cutting plane 44 Second intersection

Claims (6)

In what cuts a part corresponding to a product member area by a laser from a workpiece consisting of a product member area and a removal member area,
Forming a plurality of laser cutting portions for cutting a boundary between the product member region and the removal member region with a laser as an arbitrary or predetermined position of the removal member region with a laser cutting start position;
Forming a connecting portion that connects the product member region and the removal member region between the cutting end position of one laser cutting portion and the other laser cutting portion;
From the upper surface and the lower surface of the work piece in a state in which the work piece is connected to the product member region and the removal member region without being separated into the product member region and the removal member region in a state where a plurality of the connection portions are formed. Forming a groove having an inclined surface on the cut surface formed on the product member region side and the removal member region side at the position of the laser cutting portion by groove forming means,
A method for chamfering a product member cut from a workpiece, wherein after forming the groove , the connecting portion is cut by a separating means to separate the product member and the removal member. The method for chamfering a product member cut from a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the laser cutting portion is a guide groove when the groove forming means is moved. 2. A space serving as a laser cutting start position, wherein a through-hole formed in the removal member region or a recess recessed toward the removal member region is formed at an outer edge of the removal member region. Or the chamfering method of the product member cut | disconnected from the workpiece of 2 . The groove forming means, and a rotatable die, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer diameter was larger shape as the mold is directed from the left and right sides at the center A method for chamfering a product member cut from a workpiece. The groove is V groove, chamfering method of products member being cut from the workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the opening angle of the V groove and right angle or obtuse angle. A workpiece to be used in the chamfering process products member being cut from the workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Laser cutting characterized in that at least one of a through hole in the removal member region as a space to be a laser cutting start position or a recess recessed toward the removal member region at the outer edge of the removal member region is formed Workpiece cut by equipment.

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