JP5796999B2 - Underwater discharge device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an underwater discharge device for discharging in water.

Conventionally, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, it is known that when discharged in water, sterilization and water purification can be achieved. As a practical method, a pulse high voltage is applied to cause discharge in water. Has been proposed.
Thus, even if a pulse high voltage is applied, depending on the type and water quality of the sterilization object, the conductivity of water is increased, and it is difficult for discharge to occur. An underwater discharge device has been proposed in which bubbles are generated by bubbling between electrodes with air to facilitate discharge.

Koji Ota, Yasuhiro Tanimura, “Bacteria Disinfection Technology Using Underwater Discharge Plasma” The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan Vol.131 No.2 2011 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan p.80-83 Taichi Sugai, Bunto Suzuki, Atsushi Nanya, Ikuo Higashiyama "High efficiency by bubbling of organic dye decolorization using underwater pulsed power discharge" Vol.32 No.1 2008 IEEJ twenty four Koichi Takagi and Satoshi Sugawara “Application of Pulsed Power Technology to Agriculture / Food Field” IEEJ Transactions Vol.129 No.7 2009 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan p.439-445

By the way, recently, as shown in Non-Patent Document 3, it has been found that applying a pulse high voltage electrical stimulus to a mushroom fungus bed has the effect of promoting the generation of mushrooms. Similar effects are expected.
For this reason, it is expected that the underwater discharge device as described above will be actively used for pretreatment of fungus beds and seeds. However, as reported in mushrooms, a high voltage pulse of about 50 kV is suitable. It is assumed that there is a suitable range of discharge energy depending on the type.
However, the size and shape of the created bubbles vary, and as a result, the discharge energy varies.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide an underwater discharge device capable of causing a quantitatively stable discharge.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 is an insulation in which a processing tank containing liquid and a part of the processing tank enter the middle, and a lower end opening communicates with the processing tank. And a discharge part provided with a discharge-side electrode exposed at the tip of an insulated high voltage cable, and filling the hollow body with a gas having a dielectric breakdown strength higher than the dielectric breakdown strength of the liquid, The discharge side electrode is fixed in a state of being inserted into the hollow body from above and disposed in the gas, and the liquid is grounded, or the discharge side electrode is disposed in the liquid in the treatment tank and insulated. The ground electrode exposed at the tip of the ground line is fixed in a state of being inserted into the hollow from above, and the insulated high voltage cable or ground line is connected to the upper end of the hollow body. Formed in the insert Penetrating through, in a state where the high-voltage cable or the earth line is fixed to the insertion opening, in-water discharging apparatus characterized by discharging in the hollow body of the gas.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the underwater discharge apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the electrode in the hollow body to the lower end opening of the hollow body is adjustable.

  A third aspect of the present invention is the underwater discharge apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein a counter electrode is disposed in the treatment tank so as to face the electrode in the hollow body.

  A fourth aspect of the present invention is the underwater discharge apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the hollow body is transparent so that the inside is visible.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is the underwater discharge apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the hollow body is filled with oxygen gas.

  According to the underwater discharge device of the present invention, it is possible to cause a quantitatively stable discharge.

It is a partial cross section side view by the side of the processing tank of the underwater discharge apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the whole underwater discharge apparatus of FIG. It is a block diagram by the side of the high voltage generation unit of the discharge part of FIG. It is an electrical block diagram of the high voltage generation unit of FIG. It is a partial cross section side view by the side of the processing tank of the underwater discharge apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

An underwater discharge device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
This underwater discharge device 1 is used for applying electrical stimulation to the fungus bed K of mushrooms.
The code | symbol 3 shows a processing tank and the upper surface of this processing tank 3 is opening. The treatment tank 3 is made of a conductive material and is grounded. A conical counter electrode 5 is provided at the center of the bottom of the treatment tank 3.
Corresponding to the above-mentioned purpose, the treatment tank 3 is filled with the fungus bed K to be treated and further filled with water W.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a cylindrical hollow body having the same diameter. One end side in the axial direction of the hollow body 7 is open on the entire surface, but an insertion port is formed on the other end side. When the insertion port is closed, the other end side is sealed. The hollow body 7 is formed of an insulating transparent substrate, and the inside is visible from the outside.
The hollow body 7 is installed in a state where the whole surface opening side rises straight by forming a lower end opening 9 by an appropriate fixing means (not shown), and the lower part of the hollow body 7 enters partway into the processing tank 3. However, the lower end opening 9 does not reach the bottom surface of the processing tank 3, and the hollow body 7 and the processing tank 3 are in communication with each other via the lower end opening 9.

  Further, the counter electrode 5 is opposed to the lower end opening 9 from below, and the apex of the counter electrode 5 is on the central axis of the hollow body 7. The top of the counter electrode 5 slightly enters the hollow body 7 from the lower end opening 9.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a gas supply tube, and the gas supply tube 11 is connected to a side surface of the hollow body 7. A pump (not shown) as a gas supply means is connected to the end of the gas supply tube 11 so that air (A) is supplied into the hollow body 7 through the gas supply tube 11 by driving the pump. It has become.

The high voltage cable 15 of the discharge part 13 penetrates through the insertion port of the hollow body 7. The high voltage cable 15 is formed by covering a conductive wire with an insulating resin, and is connected to the tip of the conductive wire in a state where a spherical discharge-side electrode 17 is exposed.
The high voltage cable 15 is lowered in the hollow body 7 along the center in the axial direction, and the discharge side electrode 17 is arranged at the lower end. The discharge side electrode 17 is located above the lower end opening 9 of the hollow body 7. In the underwater discharge device 1, the distance (D1) from the lower end of the discharge side electrode 17 to the lower end opening 9 functions as a discharge gap. It is like that.

  In the hollow body 7, there is a gap around the high voltage cable 15 and the discharge side electrode 17. Air (A) is always supplied to the gap through the gas supply tube 11 described above, and the gap is filled with the supplied air (A), and the excess is discharged as bubbles. Is done.

A cable gland 19 is provided on the insertion port side of the hollow body 7, and the high voltage cable 15 is fastened to the cable gland 19 and fixed in a state of being inserted into the hollow body 7. By loosening the cable gland 19, the high voltage cable 15 can be further lowered or pulled up. As a result, the distance (D1) between the discharge side electrode 17 at the lower end and the lower end opening 9 of the hollow body 7 can be adjusted. .
Moreover, the insertion port side of the hollow body 7 is raised higher than the upper end of the processing tank 3, and the high voltage cable 15 extending from the cable gland 19 is sufficiently higher than the water level of the processing tank 3, so that a sufficient insulation distance is obtained. (D2) is secured.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a high voltage generation circuit unit 21 and a high voltage controller 51 constituting the discharge unit 13 are connected to the tip of the high voltage cable 15 and both are stored in an installation type housing. ing. As shown in FIG. 3, the high voltage generation circuit unit 21 is connected to a high voltage controller 51 via a low voltage cable 23.

FIG. 4 shows an electrical configuration of the high voltage generation circuit unit 21. On the high voltage generation circuit 25 side, a metal connector 29 having a plurality of terminals 27 (27a to 27g) is provided on the input side. Yes. A step-up transformer 31 is disposed on the right side, and a cockcroft Walton circuit 33 is disposed on the right side of the step-up transformer 31. The Cockcroft Walton circuit 33 includes a plurality of capacitors 35 and a plurality of diodes 37. An output resistor 39 is disposed on the right side of the Cockcroft Walton circuit 33, and an output terminal 41 is disposed on the right side of the output resistor 39. Under the step-up transformer 31 and the Cockcroft Walton circuit 33, bleeder resistors 43 and 45 and a protective resistor 47 are arranged. Reference numeral 49 denotes a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor 49 is disposed in the vicinity of the step-up transformer 31.
An adjustment capacitor 50 is arranged in parallel with the high voltage generation circuit 25.

The primary coil of the step-up transformer 31 is connected to the high voltage controller 51 via terminals 27a, 27b, and 27c. The secondary coil of the step-up transformer 31 is connected to the Cockcroft Walton circuit 33. One end of the output resistor 39 is connected to the high voltage side of the Cockcroft Walton circuit 33, and the other end of the output resistor 39 is connected to the output terminal 41.
One end of a bleeder resistor 43 is connected to the high voltage side of the Cockcroft Walton circuit 33, and one end of a bleeder resistor 45 is connected to the other end of the bleeder resistor 43. The other end of the bleeder resistor 45 is connected to the high voltage controller 51 via a terminal 27 f and is grounded in the high voltage controller 51.

A connection point between the bleeder resistor 43 and the bleeder resistor 45 is connected to the high voltage controller 51 through a terminal 27e.
One end of the secondary coil of the step-up transformer 31 is connected to the high voltage controller 51 via a terminal 27d. One end of the protective resistor 47 is connected to the terminal 27d, and the other end is connected to the terminal 27f.
One end of the temperature sensor 49 is connected to the high voltage controller 51 through a terminal 27g, and the other end is grounded in the high voltage controller 51 through a metal connector 29.

In addition to the CPU 53, the high voltage controller 51 includes a memory 55 in which a program for specifying a high voltage pulse application method, that is, a voltage, time, and the like, and a transistor 57 inserted in a power supply line of a DC power supply. It has been.
The high voltage controller 51 has a function as a control means, and monitors the input voltage / current value, the output voltage / current value, and the temperature abnormality by the control / monitoring according to the program of the above-described components, and performs a desired operation. Enables stable generation of high voltage. The program is not fixed and can be rewritten on board.

The underwater discharge device 1 has the above-described configuration. When a high voltage pulse is generated by the high voltage generation circuit unit 21, the discharge is performed from the discharge side electrode 17 in the air (A) of the hollow body 7. Since the counter electrode 5 is opposed to the discharge-side electrode 17, the discharge energy is quantitatively more stable.
Moreover, since the discharge in the hollow body 7 can be visually observed, it can be immediately known when a reverse flow of water occurs due to an accident.
Furthermore, a desired high voltage pulse can be generated using the Cockcroft-Walton circuit, and the underwater discharge device 1 that is compact, easy to handle, and highly practical is realized.

Next, an underwater discharge device 101 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The underwater discharge device 101 has the same components as the underwater discharge device 1 according to the first embodiment, and the description is omitted by attaching the same reference numerals to the portions.
In this underwater discharge apparatus 101, the high voltage cable 15 of the discharge part 13 is inserted in the processing tank 3, and is in contact with water.
The hollow body 103 has basically the same configuration as the hollow body 7 of the first embodiment, but the length is shortened, and the depth of entry into the treatment tank 3 is shallow accordingly. . Therefore, the counter electrode 5 does not enter the hollow body 103.

Instead of the high voltage cable 15 of the discharge part 13, the earth line 105 penetrates through the insertion hole of the hollow body 103 into the hollow body 103. The ground line 105 is formed by covering a conductive wire with an insulating resin, and is connected to the tip of the conductive wire with a spherical ground electrode 107 exposed.
The earth line 105 is lowered in the hollow body 103 along the center in the axial direction, and an earth electrode 107 is arranged at the lower end. The earth electrode 107 is located above the lower end opening 9 of the hollow body 103. In the underwater discharge device 101, the distance (D1) from the lower end of the earth electrode 107 to the lower end opening 9 functions as a discharge gap. It has become.
The processing tank 3 is mounted on an insulating table 109, and the insulating table 109 is grounded.

  In the underwater discharge device 1, the liquid is grounded and the gas peripheral electrode is set to a high voltage. However, as in the underwater discharge device 101, the liquid can be set to a high voltage and the gas peripheral electrode is set to the ground.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and the present invention can be changed even if there is a design change without departing from the gist of the present invention. included.
For example, in the above embodiment, a Cockcroft Walton circuit is used as the high voltage generation circuit. This is because it is small in size and can be obtained relatively easily and inexpensively. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an electrostatic generator, a Wimshurst generator, a van de Graaff generator, a piezoelectric transformer high voltage generator, or the like may be used.
Further, the gas filling the hollow body does not need to be a generally called insulating gas, and any gas may be used as long as it exhibits a dielectric breakdown strength higher than the liquid breakdown dielectric strength filling the treatment tank. As an example, oxygen may be supplied to the hollow body instead of air. Oxygen increases the generation of ozone and increases the bactericidal effect, so it may be preferable depending on the application.

  The underwater discharge device of the present invention can be applied not only to sterilization and water purification, but also to those that require quantitative control to give electrical stimulation to agricultural products.

1 ... Underwater discharge device (first embodiment)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Processing tank 5 ... Counter electrode 7 ... Hollow body 9 ... Lower end opening 11 ... Gas supply tube 13 ... Discharge part 15 ... High voltage cable 17 ... Discharge side electrode 19 ... Cable gland
K ... Bacteria bed W ... Water A ... Air
D1 ... Discharge gap distance D2 ... Insulation distance 101 ... Underwater discharge device (second embodiment)
103 ... Hollow body 105 ... Earth line 107 ... Earth electrode 109 ... Insulation base

Claims (6)

A treatment tank containing liquid, an insulating hollow body having a lower end opening communicating with the inside of the treatment tank, and a discharge-side electrode exposed at the tip of the insulated high-voltage cable are provided. The hollow body is filled with a gas having a dielectric breakdown strength higher than the dielectric breakdown strength of the liquid,
The discharge-side electrode is fixed in a state of being inserted from above into the hollow body and disposed in the gas, and the liquid is grounded, or
The discharge side electrode is disposed in the liquid of the treatment tank, and the ground electrode exposed at the tip of the insulated earth line is fixed in a state of being inserted from above into the hollow, and is disposed in the gas,
The insulated high voltage cable or ground line penetrates through an insertion port formed at the upper end of the hollow body, and the high voltage cable or ground line is fixed to the insertion port,
An underwater discharge device for discharging in a gas in the hollow body. The underwater discharge device according to claim 1,
An underwater discharge device characterized in that a distance from an electrode in a hollow body to a lower end opening of the hollow body is adjustable. The underwater discharge device according to claim 1 or 2,
An underwater discharge apparatus, wherein a counter electrode is arranged in a treatment tank so as to face an electrode in a hollow body. The underwater discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The underwater discharge device, wherein the hollow body is transparent so that the inside is visible. The underwater discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An underwater discharge device characterized in that the hollow body is filled with oxygen gas. The underwater discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An underwater discharge apparatus characterized in that a ground electrode is disposed in a hollow body, and a counter electrode is disposed in the treatment tank so as to face the electrode in the hollow body.

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