JP5795890B2 - Extrusion die and plate manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a die for extrusion molding used for molding a plate-like body such as a ceramic material, and a method for producing the plate-like body.

  Ceramic materials used for building members and the like are formed into a wide plate 10 by an extrusion molding machine. In extrusion molding, the curing speed of ceramic materials is adjusted appropriately, Various methods for preventing the strength from being impaired have been studied. For example, a method has been proposed in which a material to be extruded is preheated and kneaded in an extruder, and then introduced into an extrusion die, and then the material is cured by dielectric heating by high-frequency dielectric heating means (for example, See Patent Document 1). Thus, in order not to impair the material properties obtained by extrusion molding, it is generally performed to appropriately control the temperature in the extrusion molding machine.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of the conventional extrusion molding, in which the material charged in the extrusion molding machine is kneaded and discharged from the tip of the die 50 to obtain the plate-like body 10. In FIG. 3, an extrusion molding machine installed behind the base 50 is omitted. The jacket body 3 is provided so as to cover the periphery of the base 50 (on the dot portion in the figure) at approximately half the upstream side (opposite to the extrusion direction) of the base 50. Steam and cold water can be supplied into the jacket body 3, and the temperature of the material flowing in the material flow path can be heated and cooled. And by hardening at the time of extrusion molding in this way, hardening of a material can be accelerated | stimulated, or damage to a molded object is prevented by cooling.

  Further, an airflow box 30 that can blow hot air or cold air through the airflow pipe 31 is also installed above the vicinity of the downstream side (exit side) of the base 50. If hot air is blown from the airflow box 30 onto the plate-like body 10 discharged from the base 50 and formed into a sheet (in the direction of the arrow), moisture volatilization can be promoted, and if cold air is blown. In addition, material properties such as mechanical strength can be controlled. Further, a cover body 35 for preventing the material-containing material from scattering into the work environment is arranged around the lower part of the air flow box 30 and a suction hose 32 is provided to take measures against the surrounding environment. It is broken.

JP-A-8-197519

  However, in the case of the die 50 in the extrusion molding shown in FIG. 3, the entire surface of the material flowing in the material flow path in the die 50 is heated or cooled. Therefore, for example, when the entire surface of the material flowing in the material flow path is cooled, the back surface side of the discharged plate-like body 10 becomes too soft, and deformation or adhesion of the material to the press mold occurs. There was something to do. Conversely, when the entire surface of the material flowing in the material flow path is heated, the pot life (usable period) of the plate-like body 10 is shortened, which may adversely affect the quality.

  As described above, in the conventional base 50, since the partial temperature control could not be performed such as heating the back surface layer portion of the material flowing therein and cooling the other portions, the plate-like body 10 was deformed. There has been a problem of causing a problem or adhering to a molding die at the time of molding.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, the temperature of the material to be extruded can be controlled for each part, the deformation of the obtained plate-like body, and the material for the mold when the plate-like body is molded. An object of the present invention is to provide a die for extrusion molding capable of suppressing adhesion and improving the quality of the plate-like body and a method for producing the plate-like body.

The extrusion molding die according to the present invention is an extrusion molding die used for extrusion molding of a plate-like body, and at least part of the die is formed in the thickness direction in order to form a temperature difference in the thickness direction of the plate-like body. A temperature adjusting means capable of forming a temperature difference; and an upper mold member and a lower mold member provided in a thickness direction of the plate-like body, and the gap between the upper mold member and the lower mold member insulating means is characterized that you have been interposed.

  Further, the extrusion molding die includes a die rear member formed so as to gradually become wider in the extrusion direction, and a die front member formed to have a constant width substantially the same as the maximum width of the latter die member, It is preferable that the temperature adjusting means is provided so that the base front member can form a temperature difference in its thickness direction.

Moreover, it is preferable that the said die for extrusion molding is provided with the said temperature control means in the said upper mold member and the said lower mold member, respectively .

  The method for producing a plate-like body according to the present invention is a method for producing a plate-like body that is extruded by the above-mentioned extrusion molding die, and is formed by extrusion while forming a temperature difference in the thickness direction of the plate-like body. It is characterized by.

  According to the die for extrusion molding of the present invention, the temperature of the material to be extruded can be controlled for each part, and the deformation of the obtained plate-like body and the adhesion of the material to the mold when the plate-like body is molded are suppressed. And the quality of the plate-like body can be improved.

  Moreover, according to the manufacturing method of the plate-like body extrusion-molded by the above-mentioned extrusion molding die, deformation after extrusion molding and material adhesion to the molding die can be suppressed, and the quality and productivity of the plate-like body can be suppressed. Can be improved.

An example of embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is the schematic of the die for extrusion molding, (b) is a front view of the die for extrusion molding. It is the schematic which shows an example of other embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows a prior art example.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of an extrusion molding die A of the present invention, and (a) shows a schematic diagram thereof. The extrusion molding die A is attached to an extrusion molding machine. The material charged into the extrusion molding machine reaches the inside of the extrusion molding die A, and the material is discharged from the opening of the extrusion molding die A, so that the material is molded into a plate shape or the like. . In FIG. 1, the extrusion molding machine is omitted.

  The extrusion molding die A of the present invention is composed of a die body 1 and a jacket body 3 that covers the periphery of the mouthpiece body 1. The base body 1 is formed with an inlet for the extruding material to flow in and a discharge port 2a for discharging, but the inlet and the discharge port 2a are not covered with the jacket body 3, The part other than is covered with the jacket body 3. The base body 1 has a material flow path 2 formed therein, and the material flow path 2 serves as a flow path for the material for extrusion molded in the extrusion molding machine to pass through. .

  In this embodiment, the die A for extrusion molding is integrally formed by connecting the front member 6a and the rear member 6b, but the extrusion die A has such a configuration. Not limited to this, it may be composed of only one member. When the die A for extrusion molding is configured integrally by connecting the front die member 6a and the rear die member 6b, the front die member 6a is located on the extrusion direction side (downstream side in the material flow). The base post member 6b is located behind the base base member 6a (upstream side in the material flow). The post-base member 6b is formed so as to gradually become wider in the extrusion direction, and has a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view or a substantially triangular shape in plan view. Accordingly, the upstream end (downstream side) of the post-base member 6b is the maximum width of the post-base member 6b. The front nozzle member 6a is connected to the upstream end of the rear nozzle member 6b, and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view while maintaining a width substantially the same as the maximum width of the rear nozzle member 6b.

  FIG.1 (b) has shown the front view of the nozzle | cap | die A for extrusion molding from the extrusion direction side (downstream side in the flow of material). As shown in this figure, the extrusion molding die A has a substantially rectangular cross section. A substantially rectangular opening surface is formed as a discharge port 2a (corresponding to the above-described outlet) at the front end (extrusion direction side) of the material flow path 2.

  On the other hand, the jacket body 3 is formed with temperature adjusting means 5 for adjusting the temperature of the die A for extrusion molding. The temperature adjusting means 5 is formed by, for example, providing the box portion 4 so as to be embedded inside the jacket body 3. Specifically, the box part 4 has a cavity 41 therein, and the cavity 41 is formed so that hot water, cold water, steam, or the like can be supplied. Therefore, the extrusion molding die A can be heated or cooled, and serves as the temperature adjusting means 5. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, piping, a hose, etc. are connected with the exterior by the box part 4, and hot water, cold water, a vapor | steam etc. are supplied to the cavity 41 by this, or it discharges | emits. It is possible to circulate.

  A plurality of box portions 4 are provided inside the jacket body 3, and specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), at least an upper portion and a lower portion of the jacket body 3 are integrally provided respectively. ing. Moreover, the box part 4 may be provided in the both-sides edge part of the jacket body 3, and each box part 4 is each provided independently also in this case.

  The box portions 4 provided at the upper and lower portions of the jacket body 3 may be provided over substantially the entire upper surface and lower surface of the jacket body 3, or at least over substantially the half of the upper surface and lower surface of the jacket body 3. It may be provided. When the box portion 4 is provided over substantially half of the upper surface and the lower surface of the jacket body 3, it is particularly preferable that the box portion 4 is provided on the downstream side of the extrusion molding die A, that is, on the side close to the discharge port 2a. By providing the temperature adjusting means 5 on the side close to the discharge port 2a, it becomes easier to adjust the temperature of the material discharged from the discharge port 2a.

  As the temperature adjusting means 5, the box part 4 is provided inside the jacket body 3 as described above, and an electric heating device such as an electric heater is connected to the jacket body 3 to heat the extrusion molding die A. You may be able to do it. Moreover, the combination of an electric heating apparatus and the box part 4 may be sufficient, for example, the box part 4 may be provided only in the upper part of the jacket body 3, and an electric heating apparatus may be provided in the lower part of the jacket body 3. .

  Further, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, when the die A for extrusion molding is formed integrally by connecting the front member 6 a and the rear member 6 b, the temperature adjusting means 5 is For the same reason as described above, it is preferably provided on the base front member 6a on the side close to the discharge port 2a. Of course, the temperature control means 5 may be formed with the same structure also in the upper part and the lower part of the post-base member 6b.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the extrusion molding die A includes an upper mold member 11 provided with the temperature adjusting means 5 and a lower mold member 21 provided with the temperature adjusting means 5. The upper and lower parts are connected to each other, and both are separable. In this case, the base body 1 is fitted and fixed in either the upper mold member 11 or the lower mold member 21. Of course, the die A for extrusion molding of the present invention is not limited to such a configuration formed by the upper mold member 11 and the lower mold member 21, and may be configured by only one member.

  As described above, when the upper die member 11 and the lower die member 21 are connected to each other, the extrusion die A is connected to the connecting portion (boundary portion) between the upper die member 11 and the lower die member 21. It is preferable that a heat insulating means 8 is disposed in the above. In this case, as will be described later, heat transfer between the upper mold member 11 and the lower mold member 21 can be suppressed, and energy loss can be reduced.

  As the heat insulating means 8, it is preferable to use a packing material having a low thermal conductivity, and examples thereof include those made of EPDM, SBR, silicone rubber, and the like.

  In the extrusion molding machine equipped with the extrusion molding die A configured as described above, the molding material is charged into the raw material supply port of the extruder, and is discharged from the extrusion molding die A and extrusion molded. As shown, a plate-like body 10 is obtained.

  The plate-like body 10 obtained by extrusion molding of the die A for extrusion molding of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a material that can be used for extrusion molding. Cement-based molding materials can be used. Of course, materials such as various resins can be extruded.

  As the cement-based molding material, one having an appropriate composition can be used. For example, it is prepared by blending aggregates, fibers, colorants, etc. with cement as necessary and kneading with water. As cement, ordinary Portland cement, slag cement, alumina cement, early strength cement, etc. Any thing can be used. Further, as the aggregate, silica, silica stone powder, silica sand, fly ash, slag, crushed stone and the like can be used. As the fiber, polypropylene fiber, vinylon fiber, acrylic fiber, pulp, carbon fiber, cotton, hemp, metal fiber and the like can be used. Furthermore, iron black, carbon black, chromium oxide, or the like can be used as the colorant.

  In particular, as a cement-based molding material, it contains an oily substance and further contains an emulsifier (inverse emulsifier) such as a nonionic surfactant, various anionic surfactants, and a cationic surfactant as necessary. It is also preferable to use what forms an inverse emulsion (W / O emulsion).

  The oily substance is not particularly limited as long as it can form an inverse emulsion with water, and usually a hydrophobic liquid substance is used. For example, toluene, xylene, kerosene, styrene, divinylbenzene, methyl methacrylate, Examples include trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and unsaturated polyester resins. Of these, when using a polymer having a polymerizable double bond (vinyl monomer) such as styrene, divinylbenzene, methyl methacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, or unsaturated polyester resin, the substrate is cured. In order to accelerate the polymerization reaction of the oily substance at the time of molding, a polymerization initiator such as organic peroxide or persulfate, or a crosslinking agent such as trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate can be used in combination.

  As described above, since the temperature adjusting means 5 is provided at least in the upper and lower portions of the jacket body 3 in the extrusion molding die A, the thickness direction of the extrusion molding die A (perpendicular to the plane of the plate-like body 10). In the direction). More specifically, for example, when cold water is circulated in the box part 4 provided at the upper part of the jacket body 3 and hot water or steam is circulated in the box part 4 provided at the lower part, the upper part of the jacket body 3 is After cooling, the lower portion of the jacket body 3 is heated (in FIG. 1 (a), the heating part is indicated by diagonal lines and the cooling part is indicated by dots).

  And when performing extrusion molding in the state where the temperature difference is formed in the thickness direction of the extrusion die A as described above, the surface of the plate-like body 10 is cooled and the back surface is heated inside the extrusion die A. Thus, a temperature difference is also formed in the thickness direction of the plate-like body 10. Therefore, deformation of the extruded plate-like body 10 can be suppressed and adhesion to the molding die can be suppressed. In particular, when the material to be extruded is an inorganic material such as cement as described above, the effect becomes more remarkable. That is, when the lower surface side (back surface side) of the plate-like body 10 is heated, breakage of reverse emulsification and moisture volatilization are promoted, and the material is hardened, and the hardness of the lower surface side of the plate-like body 10 is improved. The deformation during extrusion conveyance is suppressed. In addition, it is possible to increase the material conveyance speed (discharge speed), thereby improving productivity. Also, when the extruded plate-like body 10 is molded into a predetermined shape, the plate-like body 10 is sufficiently cured, so that the material adhesion to the mold of the molding machine can be reduced. Become. On the other hand, the upper surface side (front surface side) of the plate-like body 10 is cooled, thereby preventing the material hardening from being inhibited by over-drying of the plate-like body 10, thereby preventing cracks in the plate-like body 10 or discharging. Since the material separation during the deformation is suppressed, the pot life of the plate-like body 10 is improved. Thus, in the extrusion molding die A, it becomes possible to perform different temperature control for each part of the plate-like body 10 at the same time, and the quality and productivity can be improved at the same time.

  As described above, the extrusion molding die A of the present invention is particularly useful in the production of the plate-like body 10 made of a ceramic material such as cement. In the case of a material whose curing of the material is accelerated by heating, such as a ceramic material such as cement, use of the extrusion molding die A allows the materials to be bonded and deformed while being cooled. Separation and cracking of parts can be suppressed. In particular, since adhesion, separation, and deformation of the material are generated inside the extrusion molding die A, the quality deterioration of the obtained plate-like body 10 can be prevented by cooling as described above. On the other hand, since the surface opposite to the cooling surface can be heated, the curing of the plate-like body 10 discharged from the extrusion molding die A is promoted, and the conveyance is smoothly performed. It is possible to suppress material adhesion to the surface. Therefore, if the plate-like body 10 is manufactured by extrusion molding while forming a temperature difference in the thickness direction of the plate-like body 10 using the extrusion molding die A as described above, a product with good quality can be obtained. It is excellent from the viewpoint of productivity.

  When extruding the ceramic material with the die A for extrusion molding, for example, the temperature to be heated by the temperature adjusting means is preferably 30 to 40 ° C, and the temperature to be cooled by the temperature adjusting means can be 5 to 10 ° C. . When the heating and cooling temperatures are within these ranges, the risk of impairing the quality deterioration of the obtained plate-like body 10 is reduced.

  Further, since heating and cooling are performed in the extrusion molding die A, there is no need to install an air flow box 30 or the like as shown in FIG. 3 immediately after discharge as used conventionally. And it becomes possible to prevent scattering and spreading | diffusion of the volatile component (for example, styrene etc.) from a material by heating and cooling in the airtight state in the die A for extrusion molding. In addition, since heating and cooling can be performed while the heating body and the cooling body are in close contact with each other in the extrusion molding die A, it is possible to reduce energy loss and shorten the heating and cooling time. Furthermore, since the airflow box 30 is unnecessary for the above reason, it is possible to reduce the production investment cost and make the production line compact.

  Moreover, when the die A for extrusion molding is composed of the front die member 6a and the rear die member 6b as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, for example, the lower portion 21 (in the drawing, the lower mold member 21). ) To cool the upper part (upper mold member 11 in the figure) of the front die member 6a, the upper and lower parts of the rear die member 6b can also be cooled. Thus, by adding cooling in the post-base member 6b in advance before the material reaches the pre-base member 6a, it becomes possible to further suppress cracking, deformation, etc. of the extruded plate-like body 10, and the quality is further improved. There is an advantage of improvement.

  As described above, when the upper mold member 11 and the lower mold member 21 are connected to each other, the heat insulating means 8 is provided at the connecting portion between the upper mold member 11 and the lower mold member 21. If interposed, heat transfer between the mold member 11 and the lower mold member 21 is suppressed. Therefore, the energy loss of the extrusion molding die A is reduced, and the temperature of the upper and lower parts of the extrusion molding die A is more stable, so that the quality of the plate-like body 10 obtained by extrusion molding is further improved. Become.

  In the above example, the upper surface of the plate-like body 10 is cooled and the lower surface is heated. However, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper surface of the plate-like body 10 is heated and the lower surface is cooled. Also good. In this case, the surface surface layer portion of the plate-like body 10 is heated to accelerate the curing, and when the extruded plate-like body 10 is formed into a predetermined shape, material adhesion to the molding die can be prevented. Moreover, the pot life of the plate-like body 10 can be further extended by cooling the portions other than the surface, and the stress at the time of molding can be relaxed, and the productivity and quality of the plate-like body 10 can be improved.

  Thus, in the extrusion molding die A of the present invention, the upper surface of the plate-like body 10 can be heated, the lower surface can be cooled, or vice versa, and both surfaces can be heated or cooled as necessary. However, it can be appropriately changed according to the purpose, such as the type and use of the material.

  When extruding the plate-like body 10 using the extrusion molding die A of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1A, the suction mechanism 15 is installed immediately after the extrusion molding die A (in the extrusion direction side). It is preferable to keep it. In this case, the component which volatilizes from the plate-like body 10 can be sucked and collected through the suction pipe 16 connected to the suction mechanism 15, and the sanitary environment is excellent. In addition, as described above, in the extrusion molding using the extrusion molding die A of the present invention, the air flow box 30 is unnecessary, and therefore the necessity of installing a large hood and a suction mechanism 15 with high ability is reduced. is there. That is, when there is an air flow from the air flow box 30, the suction mechanism 15 having a relatively high capacity is necessary in consideration of diffusion of volatile components by the air flow. However, in the extrusion molding using the die A for extrusion molding, Since there is no influence of airflow, it is not necessary to consider diffusion of volatile matter. Therefore, it is sufficient to provide a suction mechanism 15 having a minimum hood and a suction capacity for volatilizing from the plate-like body 10, and it is possible to reduce investment costs and make the production equipment more compact. Can also be reduced.

  An example in which the plate 10 is extruded using the extrusion molding die A of the present invention will be specifically described.

The following materials were used as molding materials.
・ Cement (30 parts by mass)
・ Aggregate (62 parts by mass)
・ Polypropylene fiber (2 parts by mass)
・ Oleic acid emulsifier (1 part by mass)
・ Styrene monomer (5 parts by mass)
T-Hexylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate (0.1 parts by mass)
・ Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (0.05 parts by mass)
Further, as the extrusion molding die A, an extrusion molding die A similar to that shown in FIG. 1 was used. The upper surface of the plate-like body 10 is cooled by the temperature adjusting means 5 at the upper part of the extrusion molding die A, and the lower surface of the plate-like body 10 is heated by the lower temperature adjusting means 5. . Specifically, the surface temperature of the upper surface of the jacket body 3 (upper surface of the upper mold member 11) was 7 ° C., and the surface temperature of the lower surface of the jacket body 3 (lower surface of the lower mold member 21) was 35 ° C.

  When the temperatures of the front and back surfaces of the plate-like body 10 after leaving the plate-like body 10 obtained under the above conditions for 20 minutes were measured, they were 10 ° C. and 30 ° C., respectively, and the hardness at this time was Asker C-type hardness. When measured with a total, they were 60 and 70, respectively. From this, it was found that the heated back side was harder than the cooled front side. Further, the plate-like body 10 was not cracked or deformed, and there was no problem in hardness on the front and back surfaces, and it was of excellent quality.

  Furthermore, when the plate-like body 10 was molded into a predetermined shape with a molding machine, no material was attached to the molding die.

  Accordingly, since the plate-like body 10 is extruded by the extrusion die A while forming a temperature difference in the thickness direction of the plate-like body 10, deformation and material adhesion to the molding die are suppressed. The product was excellent in quality.

A Extrusion die 5 Temperature adjusting means 6a Pre-base member 6b Post-base member 8 Thermal insulation means 10 Plate-like body 11 Upper mold member 21 Lower mold member

Claims (4)

An extrusion molding die used for extrusion molding of a plate-shaped body,
In order to form a temperature difference in the thickness direction of the plate-like body, at least a part of the temperature adjusting means capable of forming a temperature difference in the thickness direction ;
An upper mold member and a lower mold member provided in the thickness direction of the plate-like body,
The upper mold member and the extrusion molding die for the insulating means is characterized that you have been interposed between the lower die member. A base post member formed so as to become gradually wider in the extrusion direction, and a base front member formed in a constant width substantially the same as the maximum width of the post base member,
2. The die for extrusion molding according to claim 1, wherein the die front member is provided with the temperature adjusting means so that a temperature difference can be formed in the thickness direction thereof. The extrusion die according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the temperature adjusting means is provided on the upper mold member and the lower mold member, respectively . A method for producing a plate-like body that is extruded with the die for extrusion molding according to claim 1,
A method for producing a plate-like body, characterized by performing extrusion molding while forming a temperature difference in the thickness direction of the plate-like body.

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