JP5776649B2

JP5776649B2 - Heat pump water heater

Info

Publication number: JP5776649B2
Application number: JP2012185256A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 森下　国博; 国博森下; 直樹澤村
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date: 2012-08-24
Filing date: 2012-08-24
Publication date: 2015-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-24
Also published as: JP2014043963A

Description

本発明は、ヒートポンプユニットを搭載したヒートポンプ給湯機に関する。 The present invention relates to a heat pump water heater equipped with a heat pump unit.

従来技術として、例えば特許文献１に記載されているようなヒートポンプ給湯機が知られている。従来技術の給湯機は、圧力スイッチまたは圧力検出装置を備えており、例えば水の循環異常等により冷媒回路の圧力が異常判定値以上となった場合に、ヒートポンプユニットの圧縮機を停止させる構成としている。 As a prior art, for example, a heat pump water heater as described in Patent Document 1 is known. The conventional hot water heater includes a pressure switch or a pressure detection device. For example, when the pressure of the refrigerant circuit becomes equal to or higher than an abnormality determination value due to, for example, water circulation abnormality, the compressor of the heat pump unit is stopped. Yes.

また、他の従来技術としては、特許文献２に記載されているようなヒートポンプ給湯機が知られている。この従来技術では、運転開始時の出湯温度を出湯温度検出装置により検出し、この出湯温度と、所定時間が経過した後の出湯温度とを比較することにより、空焚き等の異常を検出する構成としている。 Further, as another conventional technique, a heat pump water heater as described in Patent Document 2 is known. In this prior art, a tapping temperature at the start of operation is detected by a tapping temperature detecting device, and the tapping temperature is compared with a tapping temperature after a predetermined time has elapsed, thereby detecting an abnormality such as empty boiling. It is said.

特許第４８７４１３８号公報Japanese Patent No. 4874138 特許第３６３３５６２号公報Japanese Patent No. 3633562

上記の特許文献１に記載された従来技術では、圧力スイッチ及び圧力検出装置が高価な部品であるため、製品コストが増加するという問題がある。一方、特許文献２に記載された従来技術では、運転開始時の出湯温度と所定時間経過後の出湯温度とを比較して空焚き等の異常を検出する。このため、圧縮機から吐出された高温な冷媒の熱、及び温水タンクから導入される高温水の熱等が出湯温度検出装置に伝導することにより、当該装置の温度が上昇して出湯温度の検出誤差が発生し、正常な状態を異常と誤判定する虞れがある。 In the prior art described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the pressure switch and the pressure detection device are expensive parts, so that there is a problem that the product cost increases. On the other hand, in the prior art described in Patent Document 2, an abnormality such as empty boiling is detected by comparing the hot water temperature at the start of operation with the hot water temperature after a predetermined time has elapsed. For this reason, when the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the heat of the high-temperature water introduced from the hot water tank are conducted to the hot water temperature detection device, the temperature of the device rises to detect the hot water temperature. An error may occur, and a normal state may be erroneously determined as abnormal.

本発明は、上述のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、本発明の第１の目的は、圧力スイッチ及び圧力検出装置を使用しなくても、冷媒水熱交換器の入口水温及び出口水温に基いて水の循環異常を低コストで検出することが可能なヒートポンプ給湯機を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and a first object of the present invention is to provide an inlet water temperature of a refrigerant water heat exchanger and a refrigerant water heat exchanger without using a pressure switch and a pressure detection device. An object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump water heater capable of detecting a water circulation abnormality at a low cost based on the outlet water temperature.

また、本発明の第２の目的は、冷媒水熱交換器の入口水温及び出口水温に基いて水の循環異常を検出することにより、誤判定を抑制して判定精度を向上させ、高い信頼性を有するヒートポンプ給湯機を提供することにある。 In addition, the second object of the present invention is to detect water circulation abnormality based on the inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature of the refrigerant water heat exchanger, thereby suppressing erroneous determination and improving determination accuracy, and high reliability. It is providing the heat pump water heater which has.

本発明に係るヒートポンプ給湯機は、圧縮機、冷媒水熱交換器、減圧弁装置及び空気冷媒熱交換器が環状に接続された冷媒回路を有し、冷媒水熱交換器により水を加熱して温水を生成するヒートポンプと、ヒートポンプにより加熱された温水を貯留する温水タンクと、冷媒水熱交換器と温水タンクとの間に水を循環させる温水循環装置と、冷媒水熱交換器に流入する水の温度である入口水温を検出する入口水温検出装置と、冷媒水熱交換器から流出する水の温度である出口水温を検出する出口水温検出装置と、ヒートポンプ及び温水循環装置を作動させた状態で、温水循環装置の始動時の入口水温と最新の入口水温との差分である入口温度差を算出し、当該算出動作を予め設定された判定時間が経過するまで継続する手段と、ヒートポンプ及び温水循環装置を作動させた状態で、温水循環装置の始動時の出口水温と最新の出口水温との差分である出口温度差を算出し、当該算出動作を判定時間が経過するまで継続する手段と、入口温度差が予め設定された第１の温度差判定値未満となる第１の判定条件が成立したか否かを判定する手段と、出口温度差が予め設定された第２の温度差判定値未満となる第２の判定条件が成立したか否かを判定する手段と、第１，第２の判定条件が何れも成立した状態で予め設定された判定時間が経過した場合に圧縮機を停止する手段と、を備えている。 The heat pump water heater according to the present invention has a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant water heat exchanger, a pressure reducing valve device, and an air refrigerant heat exchanger are connected in an annular shape, and heats the water by the refrigerant water heat exchanger. A heat pump that generates hot water, a hot water tank that stores hot water heated by the heat pump, a hot water circulation device that circulates water between the refrigerant water heat exchanger and the hot water tank, and water that flows into the refrigerant water heat exchanger In the state where the inlet water temperature detecting device for detecting the inlet water temperature which is the temperature of the outlet, the outlet water temperature detecting device for detecting the outlet water temperature which is the temperature of the water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger, the heat pump and the hot water circulation device are operated. A means for calculating an inlet temperature difference, which is a difference between the inlet water temperature at the start of the hot water circulation device and the latest inlet water temperature, and continuing the calculation operation until a predetermined determination time elapses, a heat pump and Means for calculating an outlet temperature difference which is a difference between the outlet water temperature at the start of the hot water circulating apparatus and the latest outlet water temperature in a state where the hot water circulating apparatus is operated, and continuing the calculation operation until the determination time elapses; A means for determining whether or not a first determination condition that the inlet temperature difference is less than a preset first temperature difference determination value is satisfied, and a second temperature difference determination in which the outlet temperature difference is preset. Means for determining whether or not a second determination condition that is less than the value is satisfied, and a compressor when a predetermined determination time has elapsed with both the first and second determination conditions being satisfied. Means for stopping .

本発明によれば、入口水温と出口水温の両方を用いて水の循環が正常であるか否かを判定するので、高い判定精度を得ることができる。即ち、圧縮機から吐出された高温な冷媒の熱、及び温水タンクから導入される高温水の熱等が出口水温検出装置に伝導することで出口水温の検出誤差が発生したり、この検出誤差によって誤判定が行われるのを抑制することができる。これにより、高価な圧力スイッチや圧力検出装置を使用しなくても、既存の入口水温検出装置及び出口水温検出装置を用いて、温水循環装置による水の循環異常を検出することができる。従って、高い信頼性を有するヒートポンプ給湯機を低コストで実現することができる。また、挙動が比較的安定したパラメータである入口水温及び出口水温に基いて水の循環異常を検出するので、圧力に基いて異常判定を行う場合と比較して、誤判定を抑制して判定精度を向上させることができる。 According to the present invention, since it is determined whether the circulation of water is normal using both the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature, high determination accuracy can be obtained. That is, the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor, the heat of the high-temperature water introduced from the hot water tank, etc. are conducted to the outlet water temperature detection device, and an outlet water temperature detection error occurs. It is possible to suppress erroneous determination. Thereby, even if it does not use an expensive pressure switch and pressure detection apparatus, the circulation abnormality of the water by a hot water circulation apparatus can be detected using the existing inlet water temperature detection apparatus and outlet water temperature detection apparatus. Therefore, a highly reliable heat pump water heater can be realized at low cost. In addition, because water circulation abnormality is detected based on the inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature, which are parameters with relatively stable behavior, the determination accuracy is suppressed by suppressing erroneous determination compared to the case where abnormality determination is performed based on pressure. Can be improved.

本発明の実施の形態１によるヒートポンプ給湯機を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the heat pump water heater by Embodiment 1 of this invention. 異常判定制御時の循環ポンプの回転数を示すタイミングチャートである。It is a timing chart which shows the rotation speed of the circulation pump at the time of abnormality determination control. 本発明の実施の形態２において、異常判定モード中の循環ポンプの回転数を示すタイミングチャートである。In Embodiment 2 of this invention, it is a timing chart which shows the rotation speed of the circulation pump in abnormality determination mode.

実施の形態１．
以下、図１及び図２を参照して、本発明の実施の形態１について説明する。なお、本明細書で使用する各図においては、共通する要素に同一の符号を付し、重複する説明を省略するものとする。図１は、本発明の実施の形態１によるヒートポンプ給湯機を示す構成図である。この図に示すように、本実施形態のヒートポンプ給湯機は、ヒートポンプユニット１００とタンクユニット２００とを備えている。 Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In each drawing used in this specification, common elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a heat pump water heater according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the heat pump water heater of this embodiment includes a heat pump unit 100 and a tank unit 200.

ヒートポンプユニット１００は、圧縮機１、冷媒水熱交換器２、減圧弁装置３及び空気冷媒熱交換器４が冷媒配管５を介して環状に接続された冷媒回路と、ファン６及びファンモータ７とを備えている。圧縮機１は、前記冷媒回路内に冷媒を循環させるもので、冷媒水熱交換器２は、１次側を流れる冷媒と２次側を流れる水との間で熱交換することにより、水を加熱するものである。また、減圧弁装置３は、その開度に応じて冷媒を減圧（膨張）させることにより、空気冷媒熱交換器４に流入する冷媒を低温・低圧化する。なお、減圧弁装置３は、電子制御式の膨張弁等により構成され、その開度は後述の制御部１３により制御される。一方、空気冷媒熱交換器４は、外気（空気）と冷媒との間で熱交換することにより、冷媒を加熱するもので、ファン６は、ファンモータ７により駆動されて空気冷媒熱交換器４を冷却するものである。 The heat pump unit 100 includes a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor 1, a refrigerant water heat exchanger 2, a pressure reducing valve device 3 and an air refrigerant heat exchanger 4 are annularly connected via a refrigerant pipe 5, a fan 6 and a fan motor 7. It has. The compressor 1 circulates the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit, and the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat by exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing on the primary side and the water flowing on the secondary side. It is for heating. Further, the pressure reducing valve device 3 reduces the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the air refrigerant heat exchanger 4 to a low temperature and a low pressure by depressurizing (expanding) the refrigerant according to the opening degree. The pressure reducing valve device 3 is constituted by an electronically controlled expansion valve or the like, and its opening degree is controlled by a control unit 13 described later. On the other hand, the air refrigerant heat exchanger 4 heats the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the outside air (air) and the refrigerant. The fan 6 is driven by the fan motor 7 and is driven by the air refrigerant heat exchanger 4. It is what cools.

また、ヒートポンプユニット１００は、各種の検出装置及びセンサを含むセンサ系統と、ヒートポンプユニット１００の運転を制御する制御部１３とを備えている。まず、センサ系統について説明すると、電流検出装置８は、圧縮機１を流れる電流の値である圧縮機電流を検出するものである。また、給水温度センサ９は、冷媒水熱交換器２の２次側に流入する水の温度を入口水温として検出するもので、本実施の形態の入口水温検出装置を構成している。沸上げ温度センサ１０は、冷媒水熱交換器２の２次側から流出する温水の温度を出口水温として検出するもので、本実施の形態の出口水温検出装置を構成している。外気温度センサ１１は、ヒートポンプユニット１００の周囲で外気の温度を検出するもので、冷媒温度センサ１２は、圧縮機１から吐出される冷媒の温度を検出するものである。 The heat pump unit 100 includes a sensor system including various detection devices and sensors, and a control unit 13 that controls the operation of the heat pump unit 100. First, the sensor system will be described. The current detection device 8 detects a compressor current that is a value of a current flowing through the compressor 1. Moreover, the feed water temperature sensor 9 detects the temperature of the water flowing into the secondary side of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 as the inlet water temperature, and constitutes the inlet water temperature detection device of the present embodiment. The boiling temperature sensor 10 detects the temperature of warm water flowing out from the secondary side of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 as the outlet water temperature, and constitutes the outlet water temperature detection device of the present embodiment. The outside air temperature sensor 11 detects the temperature of the outside air around the heat pump unit 100, and the refrigerant temperature sensor 12 detects the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1.

制御部１３は、記憶回路、入出力ポート及び演算処理回路を備えており、制御部１３の入力側には、センサ系統を構成する検出装置及びセンサがそれぞれ接続されている。また、制御部１３の出力側には、圧縮機１、減圧弁装置３及びファンモータ７を含む各種のアクチュエータが接続されている。また、制御部１３は、タンクユニット２００に搭載された制御部２５とデータ通信を実行するように構成されている。これにより、制御部１３は、センサ系統の出力及びタンクユニット２００側の情報に基いて、圧縮機１の回転数、減圧弁装置３の開度及びファンモータ７の回転数を制御することができる。 The control unit 13 includes a storage circuit, an input / output port, and an arithmetic processing circuit, and a detection device and a sensor constituting a sensor system are connected to the input side of the control unit 13, respectively. Various actuators including the compressor 1, the pressure reducing valve device 3, and the fan motor 7 are connected to the output side of the control unit 13. The control unit 13 is configured to perform data communication with the control unit 25 mounted on the tank unit 200. Thereby, the control part 13 can control the rotation speed of the compressor 1, the opening degree of the pressure-reduction valve apparatus 3, and the rotation speed of the fan motor 7 based on the output of a sensor system | strain, and the information on the tank unit 200 side. .

一方、タンクユニット２００は、ヒートポンプユニット１００（冷媒水熱交換器２）により加熱された温水を貯留する温水タンク２０と、冷媒水熱交換器２と温水タンク２０との間に水（温水）を循環させる温水循環装置２１と、制御部２５とを備えている。また、温水循環装置２１は、温水タンク２０の下部と冷媒水熱交換器２の２次側流入口とを接続する送り配管２２と、冷媒水熱交換器２の２次側流出口と温水タンク２０の上部とを接続する戻り配管２３と、例えば送り配管２２の途中に設けられた循環ポンプ２４とを備えている。制御部２５は、少なくとも循環ポンプ２４の運転を制御するように構成されている。なお、以下の説明では、必要に応じて、制御部１３をヒートポンプ側制御部１３と表記し、制御部２５をタンク側制御部２５と表記する。 On the other hand, the tank unit 200 supplies water (hot water) between the hot water tank 20 that stores hot water heated by the heat pump unit 100 (refrigerant water heat exchanger 2) and between the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 and the hot water tank 20. A hot water circulation device 21 that circulates and a control unit 25 are provided. The hot water circulation device 21 includes a feed pipe 22 that connects a lower part of the hot water tank 20 and the secondary side inlet of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2, a secondary side outlet and the hot water tank of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2. 20 is provided with a return pipe 23 that connects the upper part of 20 and a circulation pump 24 provided in the middle of the feed pipe 22, for example. The controller 25 is configured to control at least the operation of the circulation pump 24. In the following description, the control unit 13 is referred to as a heat pump side control unit 13 and the control unit 25 is referred to as a tank side control unit 25 as necessary.

（沸上げ運転）
次に、ヒートポンプ給湯機の基本的な動作の１つである沸上げ運転について説明する。
沸上げ運転は、例えばタンクユニット２００側で温水タンク２０内の水を加熱する（沸上げる）要求が生じた場合に、制御部１３，２５により協働して実行されるものである。この場合、ヒートポンプ側制御部１３は、圧縮機１の回転数制御、減圧弁装置３の開度制御及びファンモータ７の回転数制御を実行し、更に、沸上げ温度センサ１０による検出温度が目標沸上げ温度と一致するように、温水循環装置２１（循環ポンプ２４）の回転数を制御する。 (Boiling operation)
Next, the boiling operation which is one of the basic operations of the heat pump water heater will be described.
The boiling operation is performed in cooperation with the control units 13 and 25 when a request for heating (boiling) water in the hot water tank 20 is generated on the tank unit 200 side, for example. In this case, the heat pump side control unit 13 executes the rotational speed control of the compressor 1, the opening degree control of the pressure reducing valve device 3, and the rotational speed control of the fan motor 7, and the temperature detected by the boiling temperature sensor 10 is the target. The rotational speed of the hot water circulation device 21 (circulation pump 24) is controlled so as to coincide with the boiling temperature.

より詳しく述べると、圧縮機１の回転数は、外気温度センサ１１、給水温度センサ９等の出力に基いて制御され、減圧弁装置３の開度は、外気温度センサ１１、冷媒温度センサ１２等の出力に基いて制御される。なお、循環ポンプ２４の回転数制御は、ヒートポンプ側制御部１３によりタンク側制御部２５を経由して実行してもよいし、ヒートポンプ側制御部１３により直接実行してもよい。 More specifically, the rotational speed of the compressor 1 is controlled based on the outputs of the outside air temperature sensor 11, the feed water temperature sensor 9, and the like, and the opening degree of the pressure reducing valve device 3 is the outside air temperature sensor 11, the refrigerant temperature sensor 12, etc. Is controlled based on the output of. The rotational speed control of the circulation pump 24 may be executed by the heat pump side control unit 13 via the tank side control unit 25, or may be directly executed by the heat pump side control unit 13.

沸上げ運転では、循環ポンプ２４が作動することにより、温水タンク２０の下部に滞留する水が送り配管２２を介して冷媒水熱交換器２に導入され、この水は、冷媒水熱交換器２により加熱されて温水となる。そして、冷媒水熱交換器２から流出した温水は、戻り配管２３を介して温水タンク２０の上部に貯湯される。 In the boiling operation, when the circulation pump 24 is operated, water staying in the lower part of the hot water tank 20 is introduced into the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 through the feed pipe 22, and this water is supplied to the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2. Is heated to become hot water. The hot water flowing out from the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is stored in the hot water tank 20 via the return pipe 23.

（異常判定制御）
次に、温水循環装置２１の運転開始時及び運転開始後において、制御部１３，２５により実行される異常判定制御について説明する。温水循環装置２１は、例えばタンクユニット２００側の要求等に基いて沸上げ運転が行われるときに始動される。このとき、異常判定制御は、沸上げ運転の開始前に、温水循環装置２１による水の循環が正常であるか否かを判定するものである。この判定は、以下に述べるように、温水循環装置２１の始動時における冷媒水熱交換器２の入口水温Ｔｗｉ１及び出口水温Ｔｗｏ１と、温水循環装置２１の始動後における入口水温Ｔｗｉ及び出口水温Ｔｗｏとに基いて実行される。 (Abnormality judgment control)
Next, the abnormality determination control executed by the control units 13 and 25 at the start of operation of the hot water circulation device 21 and after the start of operation will be described. The hot water circulation device 21 is started when a boiling operation is performed based on, for example, a request on the tank unit 200 side. At this time, the abnormality determination control determines whether or not the water circulation by the hot water circulation device 21 is normal before the boiling operation is started. As will be described below, this determination includes the inlet water temperature Twi1 and the outlet water temperature Two1 of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 when the hot water circulation device 21 is started, and the inlet water temperature Twi and the outlet water temperature Two after the hot water circulation device 21 is started. It is executed based on.

図２は、異常判定制御時の循環ポンプの回転数を示すタイミングチャートである。異常判定制御では、まず、循環ポンプ２４の始動時または始動直前のタイミングである時刻ｔ１において、給水温度センサ９により冷媒水熱交換器２の入口水温Ｔｗｉ１を検出すると共に、沸上げ温度センサ１０により出口水温Ｔｗｏ１を検出する。これらの検出結果は制御部１３により記憶される。なお、以下の説明では、循環ポンプ２４の始動時または始動直前のタイミングをまとめて「始動時」と表記する。 FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing the number of rotations of the circulation pump during the abnormality determination control. In the abnormality determination control, first, at the time t1, which is the timing when the circulation pump 24 is started or immediately before the start, the inlet water temperature Twi1 of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is detected by the feed water temperature sensor 9, and the boiling temperature sensor 10 is used. The outlet water temperature Two1 is detected. These detection results are stored by the control unit 13. In the following description, the timing at the start of the circulation pump 24 or immediately before the start is collectively referred to as “at the start”.

次の処理では、循環ポンプ２４を作動させつつ、例えば一定のサンプリング周期で入口水温Ｔｗｉ及び出口水温Ｔｗｏを検出する。そして、始動時の入口水温Ｔｗｉ１と最新の入口水温Ｔｗｉとの差分に基いて、下記数１の式により入口温度差ΔＴｗｉを算出する。また、始動時の出口水温Ｔｗｏ１と最新の出口水温Ｔｗｏとの差分に基いて、下記数２の式により出口温度差ΔＴｗｏを算出する。 In the next processing, the inlet water temperature Twi and the outlet water temperature Two are detected, for example, at a constant sampling cycle while operating the circulation pump 24. Then, based on the difference between the inlet water temperature Twi1 at the time of start-up and the latest inlet water temperature Twi, the inlet temperature difference ΔTwi is calculated by the following equation (1). Further, based on the difference between the outlet water temperature Two1 at the start and the latest outlet water temperature Two, the outlet temperature difference ΔTwo is calculated by the following equation (2).

[数１]
ΔＴｗｉ＝Ｔｗｉ−Ｔｗｉ１
[数２]
ΔＴｗｏ＝Ｔｗｏ−Ｔｗｏ１ [Equation 1]
ΔTwi = Twi-Twi1
[Equation 2]
ΔTwo = Two-Two1

次の処理では、入口温度差ΔＴｗｉが第１の温度差判定値Ａよりも小さいか否か、即ち、下記数３の式に示す第１の判定条件が成立するか否かを判定する。また、出口温度差ΔＴｗｏが第２の温度差判定値Ｂよりも小さいか否か、即ち、下記数４の式に示す第２の判定条件が成立するか否かを判定する。 In the next process, it is determined whether or not the inlet temperature difference ΔTwi is smaller than the first temperature difference determination value A, that is, whether or not the first determination condition shown in the following equation 3 is satisfied. Further, it is determined whether or not the outlet temperature difference ΔTwo is smaller than the second temperature difference determination value B, that is, whether or not the second determination condition shown in the following equation 4 is satisfied.

[数３]
ΔＴｗｉ＜Ａ
[数４]
ΔＴｗｏ＜Ｂ [Equation 3]
ΔTwi <A
[Equation 4]
ΔTwo <B

上記式において、第１の温度差判定値Ａは、例えば温水循環装置２１による水の循環が正常な場合に、最新の入口水温Ｔｗｉと始動時の入口水温Ｔｗｉ１との間に生じるべき温度差の最小値に対応して予め設定されている。一方、第２の温度差判定値Ｂは、前記水の循環が正常な場合に、最新の出口水温Ｔｗｏと始動時の出口水温Ｔｗｏ１との間に生じるべき温度差の最小値に対応して予め設定されている。 In the above formula, the first temperature difference determination value A is, for example, a temperature difference that should occur between the latest inlet water temperature Twi and the starting inlet water temperature Twi1 when water circulation by the hot water circulation device 21 is normal. It is set in advance corresponding to the minimum value. On the other hand, the second temperature difference determination value B corresponds in advance to the minimum value of the temperature difference that should occur between the latest outlet water temperature Two and the outlet water temperature Two1 at the start when the water circulation is normal. Is set.

上記設定方法について、より詳しく述べると、温水循環装置２１の停止中には、その水路に滞留した水の温度が放熱により低下した状態となる。この状態で、循環ポンプ２４が始動されると、温水循環装置２１による水の循環が正常な場合には、温水タンク２０から温水循環装置２１の水路に温水が供給されるので、前記水路を流れる水の温度は、循環ポンプ２４の停止中（始動時）と比較して上昇する。温度差判定値Ａ，Ｂは、このときの温度上昇量に基いて適切な値に設定されるものである。なお、温度差判定値Ａ，Ｂは互いに異なる値に設定してもよいし、同一値に設定してもよいが、前記水の循環が正常な場合には、出口温度差ΔＴｗｏが入口温度差ΔＴｗｉよりも大きくなる傾向があるので、第２の温度差判定値Ｂは、第１の温度差判定値Ａよりも大きく設定するのが好ましい。 The setting method will be described in more detail. While the hot water circulation device 21 is stopped, the temperature of the water staying in the water channel is lowered due to heat radiation. When the circulation pump 24 is started in this state, when the water circulation by the hot water circulation device 21 is normal, hot water is supplied from the hot water tank 20 to the water channel of the hot water circulation device 21, and thus flows through the water channel. The temperature of the water rises compared to when the circulation pump 24 is stopped (when starting). The temperature difference determination values A and B are set to appropriate values based on the temperature increase amount at this time. The temperature difference determination values A and B may be set to different values or the same value. However, when the water circulation is normal, the outlet temperature difference ΔTwo is the inlet temperature difference. Since it tends to be larger than ΔTwi, it is preferable to set the second temperature difference determination value B to be larger than the first temperature difference determination value A.

上述した入口温度差ΔＴｗｉ及び出口温度差ΔＴｗｏの算出処理と、第１，第２の判定条件が成立するか否かの判定処理とは、循環ポンプ２４の始動時を起算点として、予め設定された判定時間ｔが経過するまで継続的に実行される。ここで、判定時間ｔは、例えば前記水の循環が正常な場合に、温水タンク２０から供給される温水により前記第１，第２の判定条件の少なくとも一方が不成立となるのに必要な時間を考慮して設定されるもので、一例を挙げると、分単位で設定される程度の時間である。 The above-described calculation process of the inlet temperature difference ΔTwi and the outlet temperature difference ΔTwo and the determination process as to whether or not the first and second determination conditions are satisfied are set in advance starting from the time when the circulation pump 24 is started. This is continuously executed until the determination time t elapses. Here, the determination time t is, for example, a time required for at least one of the first and second determination conditions not to be satisfied by the hot water supplied from the hot water tank 20 when the water circulation is normal. It is set in consideration, and as an example, it is a time that is set in minutes.

そして、異常判定制御では、判定時間ｔが経過する前に、第１，第２の判定条件の少なくとも一方が不成立となっ場合、即ち、入口温度差ΔＴｗｉが温度差判定値Ａ以上となるか、または、出口温度差ΔＴｗｏが温度差判定値Ｂ以上となった場合に、温水循環装置２１による水の循環が正常であると判定する。この場合には、循環ポンプ２４の運転を継続しつつ、ヒートポンプユニット１００の運転を開始し、タンクユニット２００側の要求（指示）等に基いて沸上げ運転に移行する。この構成によれば、前記水の循環を正常と判定した場合には、沸上げ運転に自動的に移行するので、異常判定制御による沸上げ運転の開始遅れを最小限に抑えることができ、使用者の利便性を向上させることができる。 In the abnormality determination control, if at least one of the first and second determination conditions is not satisfied before the determination time t elapses, that is, whether the inlet temperature difference ΔTwi is equal to or higher than the temperature difference determination value A, Alternatively, when the outlet temperature difference ΔTwo is equal to or higher than the temperature difference determination value B, it is determined that the water circulation by the hot water circulation device 21 is normal. In this case, the operation of the heat pump unit 100 is started while the operation of the circulation pump 24 is continued, and the operation proceeds to the boiling operation based on a request (instruction) on the tank unit 200 side. According to this configuration, when it is determined that the water circulation is normal, the operation automatically shifts to the boiling operation, so that the start delay of the boiling operation due to the abnormality determination control can be minimized and used. User convenience can be improved.

一方、例えば図２中の時刻ｔ２において、第１，第２の判定条件が何れも成立した状態で判定時間ｔが経過した場合、即ち、第１，第２の判定条件が何れも成立した状態が判定時間ｔにわたり継続した場合には、冷媒水熱交換器２の入口側でも出口側でも水温が上昇していないと考えられる。この場合には、例えば送り配管２２や戻り配管２３の閉塞、循環ポンプ２４の作動不良等が原因で、水の循環に異常が生じたと判定する。そして、圧縮機１を停止するか、停止状態に保持し、圧縮機１の作動を禁止する。この構成によれば、何らかの異常により温水循環装置２１の水路中を水が循環していない場合には、圧縮機１の作動を禁止して空焚きを防止することができ、ヒートポンプユニット１００の構成部品を保護することができる。 On the other hand, for example, at time t2 in FIG. 2, when the determination time t has elapsed with both the first and second determination conditions being satisfied, that is, when both the first and second determination conditions are satisfied. Is continued over the determination time t, it is considered that the water temperature has not increased either on the inlet side or on the outlet side of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2. In this case, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the circulation of water due to, for example, blockage of the feed pipe 22 or the return pipe 23, malfunction of the circulation pump 24, or the like. Then, the compressor 1 is stopped or held in a stopped state, and the operation of the compressor 1 is prohibited. According to this configuration, when water is not circulating in the water channel of the hot water circulation device 21 due to some abnormality, the operation of the compressor 1 can be prohibited to prevent airing, and the configuration of the heat pump unit 100 Parts can be protected.

以上詳述した通り、本実施の形態によれば、入口水温と出口水温の両方を用いて水の循環が正常であるか否かを判定するので、高い判定精度を得ることができる。即ち、圧縮機１から吐出された高温な冷媒の熱、及び温水タンク２０から導入される高温水の熱等が沸上げ温度センサ１０に伝導することで出口水温の検出誤差が発生したり、この検出誤差によって誤判定が行われるのを抑制することができる。これにより、高価な圧力スイッチや圧力検出装置を使用しなくても、既存の給水温度センサ９及び沸上げ温度センサ１０を用いて水の循環異常、即ち、配管２２，２３の閉塞や循環ポンプ２４の作動不良等を検出することができる。従って、高い信頼性を有するヒートポンプ給湯機を低コストで実現することができる。また、挙動が比較的安定したパラメータである入口水温及び出口水温に基いて水の循環異常を検出するので、圧力に基いて異常判定を行う場合と比較して、誤判定を抑制して判定精度を向上させることができる。 As described above in detail, according to the present embodiment, since it is determined whether or not the circulation of water is normal using both the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature, high determination accuracy can be obtained. That is, the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 and the heat of the high-temperature water introduced from the hot water tank 20 are conducted to the boiling temperature sensor 10 to cause an error in detecting the outlet water temperature. An erroneous determination due to a detection error can be suppressed. Thus, without using an expensive pressure switch or pressure detection device, water circulation abnormality using the existing water supply temperature sensor 9 and boiling temperature sensor 10, i.e., blockage of the pipes 22 and 23, and the circulation pump 24. It is possible to detect malfunctions and the like. Therefore, a highly reliable heat pump water heater can be realized at low cost. In addition, because water circulation abnormality is detected based on the inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature, which are parameters with relatively stable behavior, the determination accuracy is suppressed by suppressing erroneous determination compared to the case where abnormality determination is performed based on pressure. Can be improved.

（上記異常判定制御の変形例）
外部の温度環境等により冷媒水熱交換器２の温度が低い状態において、温水タンク２０から温水循環装置２１に例えば５０℃程度の高温水が導入されると、温水循環装置２１による水の循環が正常でも、出口水温の検出値が十分に変動しないことがある。この場合には、前記第１，第２の判定条件が何れも成立し、誤判定の虞れが生じる。このため、本実施の形態では、以下に示す変形例のように判定を実行してもよい。この変形例では、まず、第１，第２の判定条件が何れも成立した状態が判定時間ｔにわたり継続しても、その時点では水の循環異常と判定せず、更に、判定時間ｔが経過した後の入口水温Ｔｗｉ２及び出口水温Ｔｗｏ２を検出する。そして、下記数５の式により、入口水温Ｔｗｉ２と出口水温Ｔｗｏ２との温度差である入口出口温度差ΔＴｗｉｏを算出する。 (Modification of the above abnormality determination control)
When hot water of, for example, about 50 ° C. is introduced from the hot water tank 20 to the hot water circulation device 21 in a state where the temperature of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is low due to an external temperature environment or the like, water circulation by the hot water circulation device 21 is caused. Even if it is normal, the detected value of the outlet water temperature may not change sufficiently. In this case, the first and second determination conditions are both satisfied, and there is a risk of erroneous determination. For this reason, in this Embodiment, you may perform determination like the modification shown below. In this modification, even if the state where both the first and second determination conditions are satisfied continues for the determination time t, it is not determined that the water circulation is abnormal at that time, and the determination time t has passed. Then, the inlet water temperature Twi2 and the outlet water temperature Two2 are detected. Then, an inlet / outlet temperature difference ΔTwio, which is a temperature difference between the inlet water temperature Twi2 and the outlet water temperature Two2, is calculated by the following equation (5).

[数５]
ΔＴｗｉｏ＝Ｔｗｏ２−Ｔｗｉ２ [Equation 5]
ΔTwio = Two2-Twi2

次の処理では、入口出口温度差ΔＴｗｉｏが第３の温度差判定値Ｃ未満であるか否か、即ち、下記数６の式に示す第３の判定条件が成立するか否かを判定する。ここで、第３の温度差判定値Ｃは、例えば温水循環装置２１による水の循環が正常な場合に、判定時間ｔが経過した後の入口水温Ｔｗｉ２と出口水温Ｔｗｏ２との間に生じるべき温度差の最小値に対応して予め設定されている。 In the next process, it is determined whether or not the inlet / outlet temperature difference ΔTwio is less than the third temperature difference determination value C, that is, whether or not the third determination condition shown in the following equation 6 is satisfied. Here, the third temperature difference determination value C is a temperature that should occur between the inlet water temperature Twi2 and the outlet water temperature Two2 after the determination time t has elapsed, for example, when water circulation by the hot water circulation device 21 is normal. It is set in advance corresponding to the minimum value of the difference.

[数６]
ΔＴｗｉｏ＜Ｃ [Equation 6]
ΔTwio <C

変形例の異常判定制御では、前記第１，第２の判定条件が何れも成立した状態が判定時間ｔにわたり継続した場合でも、前記第３の判定条件が不成立となる場合、即ち、入口出口温度差ΔＴｗｉｏが温度差判定値Ｃ以上である場合には、上述の理由により第１，第２の判定条件が誤って成立したものと判断し、第３の判定条件に基いて前記水の循環が正常であると判定する。この場合には、圧縮機１の作動を継続して沸上げ運転に移行する。 In the abnormality determination control of the modified example, even when the state where both the first and second determination conditions are satisfied continues for the determination time t, the third determination condition is not satisfied, that is, the inlet / outlet temperature. When the difference ΔTwio is equal to or greater than the temperature difference determination value C, it is determined that the first and second determination conditions are erroneously established for the above-described reason, and the circulation of the water is performed based on the third determination condition. Determined to be normal. In this case, the operation of the compressor 1 is continued to shift to the boiling operation.

一方、前記第１，第２の判定条件が何れも成立した状態が判定時間ｔにわたり継続し、かつ、前記第３の判定条件も成立した場合には、入口水温の変化、出口水温の変化及び入口水温と出口水温との温度差の全てが異常に小さいことになる。そこで、この場合には、水の循環に異常が生じたと判定し、圧縮機１の作動を禁止（停止）する。 On the other hand, when the first and second determination conditions are both satisfied for the determination time t and the third determination condition is also satisfied, the change in the inlet water temperature, the change in the outlet water temperature, and All of the temperature difference between the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature is abnormally small. Therefore, in this case, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the circulation of water, and the operation of the compressor 1 is prohibited (stopped).

このように構成される変形例によれば、実施の形態１の場合とほぼ同様の効果に加えて、次のような効果を得ることができる。冷媒水熱交換器２の温度が低い状態において、温水タンク２０から温水循環装置２１に高温水が導入された場合でも、判定時間ｔが経過した後の入口水温Ｔｗｉ２と出口水温Ｔｗｏ２との温度差に基いて水の循環が正常であるか否かを正確に判定することができる。従って、温度環境等に起因する誤判定を抑制し、判定精度を更に向上させることができる。 According to the modified example configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the substantially same effects as those of the first embodiment. Even when high-temperature water is introduced from the hot water tank 20 to the hot water circulation device 21 in a state where the temperature of the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 is low, the temperature difference between the inlet water temperature Twi2 and the outlet water temperature Two2 after the determination time t has elapsed. Based on this, it is possible to accurately determine whether the water circulation is normal. Therefore, it is possible to suppress erroneous determination due to temperature environment and the like and further improve the determination accuracy.

実施の形態２．
次に、図３を参照して、本発明の実施の形態２について説明する。本実施の形態は、前記実施の形態１と同様の構成及び制御において、循環ポンプの回転数を一定値に保持した異常判定モード中に異常判定制御を実行することを特徴としている。図３は、本発明の実施の形態２において、異常判定モード中の循環ポンプの回転数を示すタイミングチャートである。この図に示すように、本実施の形態では、循環ポンプ２４の回転数を一定値に保持する異常判定モードを前記判定時間ｔにわたって実行し、水の循環が正常であるか否かを異常判定モード中に判定する。 Embodiment 2. FIG.
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The present embodiment is characterized in that, in the same configuration and control as in the first embodiment, the abnormality determination control is executed during the abnormality determination mode in which the rotation speed of the circulation pump is held at a constant value. FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing the rotational speed of the circulation pump in the abnormality determination mode in the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, in the present embodiment, an abnormality determination mode in which the rotation speed of the circulation pump 24 is maintained at a constant value is executed over the determination time t, and it is determined whether or not water circulation is normal. Judge during mode.

なお、異常判定モード中には、循環ポンプ２４の回転数を最大回転数に近い高回転数に保持するのが好ましい。これにより、冷媒水熱交換器２の内部に侵入していた空気をタンクユニット２００側に排出することができる。従って、循環中の水に空気が混入することで生じる水温の検出誤差、及び水の循環状態の誤判定を防止することができる。 During the abnormality determination mode, it is preferable to maintain the rotational speed of the circulation pump 24 at a high rotational speed close to the maximum rotational speed. Thereby, the air that has entered the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2 can be discharged to the tank unit 200 side. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent water temperature detection error caused by air mixed into circulating water and erroneous determination of the water circulation state.

また、異常判定モードは、判定時間ｔが経過した時点で終了するもので、異常判定モード中には、前記実施の形態１で示した判定条件に基いて水の循環状態を判定する。具体的に述べると、異常判定モード中に前記第１，第２の判定条件の少なくとも一方が不成立となっ場合には、水の循環が正常であると判定し、タンクユニット２００側の要求等に基いて沸上げ運転に移行する。一方、第１，第２の判定条件が何れも成立した状態が異常判定モードの開始時点から終了時点まで継続した場合には、水の循環に異常が生じたと判定する。この場合には、圧縮機１の作動を禁止（停止）する。 The abnormality determination mode ends when the determination time t elapses. During the abnormality determination mode, the water circulation state is determined based on the determination condition described in the first embodiment. More specifically, when at least one of the first and second determination conditions is not satisfied during the abnormality determination mode, it is determined that the water circulation is normal, and the tank unit 200 side requests, etc. Based on this, the operation moves to the boiling operation. On the other hand, when the state where both the first and second determination conditions are satisfied continues from the start point to the end point of the abnormality determination mode, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the circulation of water. In this case, the operation of the compressor 1 is prohibited (stopped).

さらに、本実施の形態では、前記実施の形態１の変形例で述べたように、第１，第２の判定条件が何れも成立した状態が判定時間ｔにわたり継続した場合でも、前記第３の判定条件が不成立となる場合には、水の循環が正常であると判定して沸上げ運転に移行する構成としてもよい。 Furthermore, in the present embodiment, as described in the modification of the first embodiment, even when the state where both the first and second determination conditions are satisfied continues for the determination time t, the third When the determination condition is not satisfied, it is possible to determine that the water circulation is normal and shift to the boiling operation.

このように構成される本実施の形態でも、前記実施の形態１とほぼ同様の作用効果を得ることができる。特に、本実施の形態では、異常判定モード中に循環ポンプ２４の回転数を一定値に保持する構成としたので、循環ポンプ２４の運転状態の変動等による外乱を受けることなく、入口水温及び出口水温の検出や水の循環状態の判定を安定的に行うことができ、給湯機の異常を高い精度で検出することができる。 In the present embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as in the first embodiment. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the rotational speed of the circulation pump 24 is held at a constant value during the abnormality determination mode, the inlet water temperature and the outlet are not affected by disturbance due to fluctuations in the operation state of the circulation pump 24, etc. The detection of the water temperature and the determination of the water circulation state can be performed stably, and the abnormality of the water heater can be detected with high accuracy.

なお、前記実施の形態１，２では、水の循環に異常が生じたと判定して圧縮機１を停止した場合に、圧縮機１を再始動し、前記水の循環に異常が生じたか否かを再判定する構成としてもよい。また、前記水の循環に異常が生じたと複数回連続して判定した場合に、ヒートポンプユニット１００を構成する全ての機器の運転を停止する構成としてもよい。この場合、停止される機器には、少なくとも圧縮機１、冷媒水熱交換器２、減圧弁装置３及び空気冷媒熱交換器４が含まれている。また、ファンモータ７の運転は継続する構成としてもよい。 In the first and second embodiments, when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the circulation of water and the compressor 1 is stopped, the compressor 1 is restarted and whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the circulation of water. It may be configured to re-determine. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which stops the driving | operation of all the apparatuses which comprise the heat pump unit 100, when it determines with abnormality continuously in the said water circulation in multiple times. In this case, the devices to be stopped include at least the compressor 1, the refrigerant water heat exchanger 2, the pressure reducing valve device 3, and the air refrigerant heat exchanger 4. The operation of the fan motor 7 may be continued.

上記制御によれば、温水循環装置２１による水の循環を一旦異常と判定した場合でも、再判定を実行するので、一時的な水温の検出誤差等が原因で誤判定が生じるのを抑制し、判定精度をより向上させることができる。また、異常判定が継続的なものである場合には、ヒートポンプユニット１００を完全に停止させ、当該ユニットに搭載された各機器を保護することができる。 According to the above control, even when it is determined that the water circulation by the hot water circulation device 21 is once abnormal, the re-determination is executed, so that the erroneous determination due to a temporary water temperature detection error or the like is suppressed, The determination accuracy can be further improved. In addition, when the abnormality determination is continuous, the heat pump unit 100 can be completely stopped to protect each device mounted on the unit.

また、本発明では、ヒートポンプユニット１００として、冷媒の圧力が臨界圧力以上となる超臨界状態で運転されるヒートポンプサイクルを採用してもよいし、臨界圧力以下の圧力で運転されるヒートポンプサイクルを採用してもよい。この場合、冷媒としては、フロンガス、アンモニア等を用いる構成としてもよい。 In the present invention, as the heat pump unit 100, a heat pump cycle that is operated in a supercritical state where the refrigerant pressure is equal to or higher than the critical pressure may be employed, or a heat pump cycle that is operated at a pressure lower than the critical pressure is employed. May be. In this case, the refrigerant may be configured to use Freon gas, ammonia, or the like.

１圧縮機
２冷媒水熱交換器
３減圧弁装置
４空気冷媒熱交換器
５冷媒配管
６ファン
７ファンモータ
８電流検出装置
９給水温度センサ（入口水温検出装置）
１０沸上げ温度センサ（出口水温検出装置）
１１外気温度センサ
１２冷媒温度センサ
１３，２５制御部
２０温水タンク
２１温水循環装置
２２送り配管
２３戻り配管
２４循環ポンプ
１００ヒートポンプユニット（ヒートポンプ）
２００タンクユニット DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Refrigerant water heat exchanger 3 Pressure reducing valve device 4 Air refrigerant heat exchanger 5 Refrigerant piping 6 Fan 7 Fan motor 8 Current detection device 9 Feed water temperature sensor (inlet water temperature detection device)
10 Boiling temperature sensor (outlet water temperature detector)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Outside temperature sensor 12 Refrigerant temperature sensor 13, 25 Control part 20 Hot water tank 21 Hot water circulation apparatus 22 Feeding pipe 23 Return pipe 24 Circulation pump 100 Heat pump unit (heat pump)
200 tank units

Claims

A heat pump that has a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant water heat exchanger, a pressure reducing valve device, and an air refrigerant heat exchanger are annularly connected, and generates water by heating water by the refrigerant water heat exchanger;
A hot water tank for storing hot water heated by the heat pump;
A hot water circulation device for circulating water between the refrigerant water heat exchanger and the hot water tank;
An inlet water temperature detection device that detects an inlet water temperature that is a temperature of water flowing into the refrigerant water heat exchanger;
An outlet water temperature detection device that detects an outlet water temperature that is a temperature of water flowing out of the refrigerant water heat exchanger;
With the heat pump and the hot water circulation device operated, the difference between the inlet water temperature at the start of the hot water circulation device and the latest inlet water temperature is calculated, and the calculation operation is preset. Means to continue until the determination time has elapsed,
With the heat pump and the hot water circulation device operated, an outlet temperature difference that is a difference between the outlet water temperature at the start of the hot water circulation device and the latest outlet water temperature is calculated, and the calculation operation is performed in the determination time. Means to continue until
Means for determining whether or not a first determination condition in which the inlet temperature difference is less than a preset first temperature difference determination value is satisfied;
Means for determining whether or not a second determination condition in which the outlet temperature difference is less than a preset second temperature difference determination value is satisfied;
Means for stopping the compressor when a preset determination time has elapsed with both of the first and second determination conditions being satisfied;
Heat pump water heater equipped with .

The means for stopping the compressor includes the inlet water temperature after the determination time has elapsed even if the state where both the first determination condition and the second determination condition are satisfied continues for the determination time. wherein when the temperature difference between the outlet water temperature is the third temperature difference determination value or more set in advance, the heat pump water heater according to claim 1 to continue the operation of the compressor.

The heat pump water heater according to 請 Motomeko 1 or 2 that holds a constant value the rotation speed of the circulation pump constituting the hot water circulation system.

When the compressor is stopped based on the first determination condition and the second determination condition, the compressor is restarted, and the determination based on the first determination condition and the second determination condition is performed. The heat pump water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , which is performed again .

Said determining the first before the time has elapsed, a second in the case where at least one of the determination condition becomes unsatisfied, 請 Motomeko 1 to 4 to migrate into heating operation to continue the operation of the compressor The heat pump water heater according to any one of the above.

The first, when the preset determination time in a state where the second determination condition are both satisfied has elapsed continuous multiple, among 請 Motomeko 1-5 you stop the operation of the heat pump The heat pump water heater according to any one of the above.