KR20130041327A - Heat pump water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump type hot water heater with high reliability capable of detecting abnormalities in a liquid flow path without removing a factor of a state of a liquid flow path that varies depending on the installation place. The compressor 4 having a variable capacity, the liquid-cooling heat exchanger 5 for heating the liquid to be heated by the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger The liquid temperature detecting part 15 to detect and the control part which controls the capacity | capacitance of a compressor are provided, The liquid flow path which flows out from a liquid-cooling heat exchanger after a liquid to be heated is introduce | transduced into a liquid-cooling heat exchanger and passes through a liquid-cooling heat exchanger. The control unit controls the capacity of the compressor such that the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger becomes a predetermined target liquid temperature, and the liquid-cooling heat exchanger when the compressor is operating below the predetermined reference capacity. When the temperature of the liquid heat-exchanged with the machine is higher than the target liquid temperature, it is determined that the liquid flow path is abnormal.

Description

Heat Pump Type Hot Water Heater {HEAT PUMP WATER HEATER}

The present invention relates to a heat pump type hot water heater configured to collect water boiled in a tank with a water-refrigerant heat exchanger.

BACKGROUND ART A heat pump type hot water heater having a boiling function for driving a heat pump cycle using a late night electric power or the like to heat low temperature water and storing hot water at a desired temperature in a tank is known.

Such a heat pump type hot water heater connects a water-refrigerant heat exchanger and a tank installed in a heat pump cycle by piping, and circulates water in the tank in the connected piping, so that the water in the tank and the water pump cycle The refrigerant is heated by heat exchange.

In such a heat pump type hot water heater, the blockage of dust in the water pipe or the hardness component (for example, calcium carbonate) contained in the tap water precipitates as a scale, the blockage of the scale attached to the pipe, and the air blockage due to insufficient air bleeding in the pipe. It is impossible to circulate boiling water due to the above, and there is a problem that an operation stop occurs due to an abnormal device.

In order to cope with this problem, a method of detecting a blockage in the water pipe (see Patent Document 1, for example) is based on the relationship between the flow rate of water circulated by the pump, the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and the temperature of the water. Proposed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-127574

However, since the pressure of the liquid flowing through the liquid flow path, the flow rate of the liquid to be heated, and the pressure loss of the liquid flow path vary depending on the installation location, the heat pump type hot water heater has a maximum rotation speed of the pump and The range between the minimum revolutions depends on the location where it is installed. In this case, there is a problem that the above detection accuracy is different depending on the place where the heat pump type hot water heater is installed.

For example, when the flow rate control range of the pump is close to the minimum rotational speed of the pump, there is a possibility that the abnormality cannot be detected even though it is a state to be judged as abnormal, and the result will be overlooked. In addition, when the flow rate control range of the pump is close to the maximum rotational speed of the pump, there is a fear that the rotational speed will immediately become the maximum rotational speed due to sudden flow fluctuations, or an abnormality may be detected even in a state that should not be judged abnormal. There is.

Then, an object of this invention is to provide the reliable heat pump type hot water heater which can detect the abnormality of a liquid flow path, except the factor of the state of the liquid flow path which differs according to a mounting place.

The present invention provides a compressor having a variable variable compressor, a liquid-cooling heat exchanger for heating a heated liquid by a high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and a temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger. And a liquid temperature detecting unit for controlling the capacity of the compressor, wherein the liquid to be heated is introduced into the liquid-cooling heat exchanger and passes through the liquid-cooling heat exchanger before flowing out of the liquid-cooling heat exchanger. And a flow path, wherein the control unit controls the capacity of the compressor such that the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger becomes a preset target liquid temperature, and the compressor is operated below a preset reference capacity. When the temperature of the liquid heat exchanged in the liquid-refrigerant heat exchanger is higher than the target liquid temperature, the liquid It characterized in that the determination as to the least.

Alternatively, the present invention provides a compressor having a variable capacity, a liquid-cooling heat exchanger for heating a liquid to be heated by a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and a temperature of the liquid to be heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger. And a liquid temperature detector for detecting a temperature, a refrigerant temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the refrigerant heat-exchanged in the liquid-refrigerant heat exchanger, and a controller for controlling the capacity of the compressor, wherein the liquid to be heated is the liquid-coolant heat exchanger. Having a liquid flow path introduced into the air and flowing out from the liquid-cooling heat exchanger after passing through the liquid-cooling heat exchanger, wherein the controller is configured to set a target liquid temperature at which the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger is preset. The capacity of the compressor so that the temperature of the refrigerant is heat exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger based on the target liquid temperature. When the temperature is higher than or equal to the predetermined temperature, it is determined that the liquid channel is abnormal.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat pump type hot water heater capable of detecting an abnormality in the liquid flow path while eliminating the factors of the state of the liquid flow path depending on the installation place.

1 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump type hot water heater according to the first embodiment.
2 is a control flow diagram of a heat pump type hot water heater according to the first embodiment.
3 is a graph showing a change in the compressor rotation speed and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger outlet hot water temperature in the absence of a blockage in the water pipe in the heat pump type hot water heater according to the first embodiment.
4 is a graph showing changes in compressor rotational speed and water-refrigerant heat exchanger outlet hot water temperature when a blockage occurs in the water pipe in the heat pump type hot water heater according to the first embodiment.
5 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump type hot water heater according to the second embodiment.
6 is a control flow diagram of a heat pump type hot water heater according to the second embodiment.
7 is a graph showing changes in the compressor temperature, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger outlet hot water temperature, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger outlet refrigerant temperature in the absence of a blockage in the water pipe in the heat pump type hot water heater according to the second embodiment. .
8 is a graph showing changes in the compressor temperature, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger outlet hot water temperature, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger outlet refrigerant temperature when a blockage occurs in the water pipe in the heat pump type hot water heater according to the second embodiment. .
9 is a control flow diagram of a heat pump type hot water heater according to the third embodiment.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Example 1)

Example 1 relates to a heat pump type hot water heater that can detect an abnormality (especially a decrease in flow rate) occurring in a water flow path with high accuracy.

1 shows a system configuration diagram of a heat pump type hot water heater according to the first embodiment. 2 shows a control flow diagram during operation of the heat pump type hot water heater according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 shows the time change of the compressor rotational speed and the outlet hot water temperature of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger in a state where no abnormality occurs in the water flow path of the heat pump type hot water heater according to the first embodiment. 4 shows the time change of the compressor rotational speed and the outlet hot water temperature of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger when an abnormality (flow rate decrease) occurs in the water flow path of the heat pump type hot water heater according to the first embodiment.

The heat pump type hot water heater according to the first embodiment includes a compressor 4 having a variable capacity, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 for heating water by a high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 4, and a water- A water temperature detection unit 15 for detecting the temperature of the water heat exchanged by the refrigerant heat exchanger 5 and a control unit 20 for controlling the capacity of the compressor. In addition, this heat pump type hot water heater includes a water flow path F which flows out of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 after water is introduced into the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 and passes through the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5. Has

In addition, the heat pump type hot water heater includes a tank 9 for storing hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5, a tank unit 2 for accommodating the tank 9, and a compressor 4. And a heat pump unit 1 for receiving the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5. The water flow path F is provided over the tank unit 2 and the heat pump unit 1.

Specifically, this heat pump type hot water heater includes a heat pump unit 1 having a refrigeration cycle including the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 shown on the left side in FIG. 1 inside the housing, and a tank shown on the right side of the drawing. The tank unit 2 which mounted the hot water supply circuit containing (9) inside the casing is comprised. And the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 have a structure connected using the connection piping 3 in the installation place of a heat pump type hot water heater. On the other hand, the tank 9 often stores hot water, and in this case, it is called a water storage tank.

The refrigeration cycle includes a compressor (4) for compressing a refrigerant, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger (5) for exchanging heat with a high-temperature / high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (4) from the tank (9), and a water- The pressure reducing valve 6 through which the refrigerant flowing out of the refrigerant heat exchanger 5 is depressurized, and the evaporator 7 through which the low temperature and low pressure refrigerant depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 6 exchange heat with air are annularly connected through the refrigerant pipe. It is a structure to connect. The evaporator 7 has a structure in which outside air is ventilated by the fan 8. On the other hand, in this refrigeration cycle, carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant.

The compressor 4 is capacity-controlled by the control unit 20 so that the temperature of the hot water heat-exchanged in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 becomes a preset target hot water temperature. Specifically, the compressor 4 is an inverter compressor whose capacity is controlled by controlling the compressor rotation speed. However, it is not limited to this, For example, the compressor which performs capacity control by returning discharged refrigerant | coolant to a suction side may be sufficient. In addition, although the compression system of a compressor is a scroll system, it may be a rotary system or a reciprocating system.

The water cycle is discharged from the tank 9 which collects the required amount of hot water, the pump (circulation pump) 10 which introduces the water of the bottom part of the tank 9, and the pump (circulation pump) 10. The water-refrigerant heat exchanger (5) for exchanging water with the refrigerant is configured to be annularly connected by a circulation pipe, and the water discharged from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger (5) is arranged at the top of the tank (9). It is structured to be returned. That is, in Example 1, the water flow path F sets the part which takes out water from the tank 9 as a starting point, and makes the part where hot water returns to the tank 9 as an end point. In addition, the bottom of the tank 9 is connected to a water supply source such as tap water (not shown) through the water supply pipe 11, and the hot water supply pipe 12 for supplying hot water to a hot water supply terminal such as a faucet or a shower is connected to the government. .

The compressor 4 is provided with a compressor temperature sensor 13 to measure the housing temperature. Thereby, the temperature (coolant discharge temperature) of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 4 can be detected. In addition, the refrigerant discharge temperature may be a temperature detected by a temperature sensor provided in the discharge pipe of the refrigerant. However, detecting the housing temperature of the compressor 4 as the refrigerant discharge temperature can suppress the fluctuation of the refrigerant temperature lower than detecting the temperature of the discharge pipe of the refrigerant, and it is easier to control the compressor 4. Have a merit

In addition, the water-coolant heat exchanger inlet as the water temperature detection unit 14 that detects the temperature of the water flowing into the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 is inserted into the piping of the water cycle provided before and after the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5. A water temperature sensor and a water-refrigerant heat exchanger outlet hot water temperature sensor as a water temperature detection unit 15 for measuring the temperature of water flowing out of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 are provided.

The heat pump type hot water heater has an abnormality in the water flow path when the temperature of the water heat-exchanged in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 is higher than the target hot water temperature when the compressor 4 is operated at a preset reference capacity or less. Judging by. In this way, the abnormality of the water flow path can be detected, except the factor of the state of the water flow path which differs according to an installation place. In the refrigeration cycle including the compressor, the pressure of the fluid, the pressure loss, and the like do not vary greatly between the installation locations of the heat pump type hot water heaters. In comparison with this, detection accuracy can be improved.

Moreover, in this heat pump type hot water heater, since the water flow path F is provided over the tank unit 2 and the heat pump unit 1, the control of Example 1 is a water flow path for the following reasons. It is suitable to detect abnormalities of (F) with high accuracy. In a typical heat pump type hot water heater, the refrigeration cycle in which the tank 9 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 are accommodated is constituted by separate units. In this case, the state (piping resistance, etc.) of the water flow path F differs greatly for each heat pump type hot water heater according to the shape and length of the connection pipe 3 performed at the time of installation, the number of bent portions, and the like. In this regard, since the heat pump type hot water heater is controlled based on the capacity of the compressor 4 and not based on the flow rate of the water flow path F and the rotation speed of the pump 10, it is irrelevant to the installation place. Without this, highly accurate detection can be performed.

In addition, a reference capacitance is set based on the minimum rotation speed of the compressor 4. The minimum rotational speed of the compressor 4 is set to the lower limit of the predetermined rotational speed range as a drive range of the compressor 4. Specifically, in order to prevent occurrence of relief or failure of the compressor 4, the compressor 4 is set slightly higher than the limit rotational speed that can be evaluated as the operation of the refrigerant compression. In addition, although the magnitude | size of a clearance can be made into the arbitrary value according to the characteristic of the compressor 4, you may not have to provide a clearance in particular.

Specifically, this heat pump type hot water heater judges that the water flow path F is abnormal when the temperature of the water heat-exchanged in the water-coolant heat exchanger 5 is higher than the target hot water temperature for a predetermined time or longer. do. In this way, the accidental fluctuation of the temperature is not judged abnormally, and the accuracy of the abnormality judgment can be further improved.

Moreover, when this heat pump type hot water heater is judged abnormally by the above-mentioned method, it is judged that the flow volume of the water which flows through the water flow path F is reduced. Then, notification related to the decrease in the flow rate of water in the water flow path F is performed. Specifically, an error is displayed on the display screen installed in the remote control or the like.

Next, the control flow at the time of operation which concerns on Example 1 is demonstrated using FIG.

At the time of boiling operation, after setting the target hot water temperature and the compressor target temperature (S1 in FIG. 2) with respect to the control part 20, boiling operation is started. From the start of boiling operation, the opening degree of the pressure reduction valve 6 is correct | amended so that the compressor temperature (S2 in FIG. 2) obtained from the compressor temperature sensor 13 may match with a compressor target temperature (S3 in FIG. 2).

Moreover, the control part 20 corrects the rotation speed of the compressor 4 so that the exit hot water temperature (S4 in FIG. 2) obtained by the water temperature detection part 15 may match with the target hot water temperature (S5 in FIG. 2). By this operation, since the compressor rotation speed outputting the heating capacity increases or decreases with respect to the amount of water circulating, it is possible to accurately grasp the heating capacity currently output.

While the boiling operation is performed in such an operation, when there is no blockage or the like in the pipe and the normal water circulation amount is secured, the normal heating capacity is output, so that a significant decrease in the rotation speed of the compressor does not occur.

However, when an abnormality such as a blockage occurs in the pipe and a regular amount of water circulation cannot be secured, the amount of circulation of water, which is the heating target liquid, decreases, so that the required heating capacity becomes small. Therefore, since the outlet hot water temperature rises, the control unit 20 lowers the rotation speed of the compressor 4 so that the outlet hot water temperature and the target hot water temperature coincide.

Then, when this state proceeds, the amount of water circulating greatly decreases, and the compressor 4 operates at the minimum rotational speed defined by the control unit 20. In order to detect this phenomenon, the present embodiment provides a function (S6 in FIG. 2) for monitoring whether the rotational speed of the compressor 4 is being operated at a higher rotational speed than the minimum rotational speed during the boiling operation.

When the rotational speed of the compressor 4 is operating at a rotational speed higher than the minimum rotational speed (S6-> No in FIG. 2), the above-mentioned pressure-reducing valve opening degree is changed and the compressor rotational speed is corrected. When the compressor rotational speed is equal to the prescribed minimum rotational speed (S6? Yes in Fig. 2), the outlet hot water temperature is checked (S7 in the drawing). When the confirmed outlet hot water temperature is below the target hot water temperature (S7-> No in FIG. 2), the above-mentioned pressure reduction valve opening degree change and compressor rotation speed are corrected. When the outlet hot water temperature is higher than the target hot water temperature (S7 → Y in Fig. 2), after confirming that the state of high temperature is maintained even after a predetermined time (S8 in the figure), a water circulation error is sent (Fig. 2). S9) and stop the operation. In addition, the said predetermined time can also be called flow rate reduction monitoring time.

Therefore, the circulation of water that boils due to clogging of dust in the water pipe or hardness component (for example, calcium carbonate) contained in the tap water as a scale and sticking in the pipe, clogging of air due to insufficient air bleeding in the pipe, etc. When a problem that cannot be solved occurs, it is possible to detect the problem in a high precision and inexpensive manner and to promptly respond by an abnormal notification, thereby improving the reliability.

The experimental example of FIG. 4 demonstrates the time change of the compressor rotation speed and the outlet hot water temperature of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 when abnormality (flow rate reduction) generate | occur | produces in the water flow path F. FIG. At the time T1, after starting operation of the compressor 4, when there is an abnormality in the water flow path F, the rotation speed of the compressor 4 gradually decreases. And at the time T2, the rotation speed of the compressor 4 becomes a minimum rotation speed. In the experimental example of FIG. 4, the time from the time T1 to the time T2 is about 5 to 10 minutes. Then, when it is confirmed that the predetermined time (flow rate reduction monitoring time) or more continues after the above state at time T2, the abnormality is notified at time T3. In the example of experiment of FIG. 4, the said flow volume decreasing monitoring time (time T2-time T3) is about 15 minutes. However, the flow rate reduction monitoring time may be a short time of about 2 minutes.

In general, abnormalities such as clogging of scales or clogging of small dusts are progressed little by little (that is, the flow rate decreases). On the other hand, in the case where the valve | bulb arrange | positioned in the water flow path F is closed, or large dust clogging etc., a flow abruptly stops. In this regard, the abnormality detection according to the first embodiment takes about 5 to 10 minutes from the start of controlling the rotational speed of the compressor 4 to the minimum rotational speed for abnormality detection, and the change is Since it is relatively gentle, it is suitable for abnormality detection of the flow rate reduction which advances gradually.

By such a control, the relationship between the outlet hot water temperature shown in FIG. 3 and the compressor rotational speed (the state in which there is no blockage in the water pipe and the normal amount of water circulation is ensured), the outlet hot water temperature shown in FIG. The difference in the relationship at the time of abnormality of compressor rotation speed (a state in which the blockage of water piping etc. generate | occur | produced and a normal water circulation amount cannot be ensured) can be detected during boiling operation. Therefore, an abnormality in water circulation can be transmitted without erroneous detection, and boiling operation can be stopped.

(Example 2)

The second embodiment relates to a heat pump type hot water heater that can accurately detect abnormalities (particularly, flow stoppages) occurring in the water flow path F '.

5 shows a system configuration diagram of a heat pump type hot water heater according to the second embodiment. 6 shows a control flow diagram during operation of the heat pump type hot water heater according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 shows time changes of the compressor temperature, the outlet refrigerant temperature of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and the outlet hot water temperature in a state where no abnormality occurs in the water flow path of the heat pump type hot water heater according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 shows time changes of the compressor temperature and the outlet refrigerant temperature and the outlet hot water temperature of the water-cooling heat exchanger when an abnormality (flow stop) occurs in the water flow path of the heat pump type hot water heater according to the second embodiment.

The heat pump type hot water heater according to the second embodiment includes a compressor 104 having a variable capacity, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 for heating water by a high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 104, and a water- The water temperature detector 115 detects the temperature of the water heat exchanged in the refrigerant heat exchanger 105, the refrigerant temperature detector 116 detects the temperature of the refrigerant heat exchanged in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105, and the compressor 104. The control unit 120 to control the capacity of the. In addition, the heat pump type hot water heater includes a water flow path F ′ flowing out of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 after the water is introduced into the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 and passes through the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105. Has

In addition, the heat pump type hot water heater includes a tank 109 for storing hot water heated in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105, a tank unit 102 for receiving the tank 109, a compressor 104, and water. A heat pump unit 101 for receiving the refrigerant heat exchanger 105. The water flow path F 'is provided over the tank unit 102 and the heat pump unit 101.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat pump type hot water supply machine includes a heat pump unit 101 having a refrigerating cycle including a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 shown in the left side of the figure inside the casing; It is comprised including the tank unit 102 which mounted the hot water supply circuit containing the tank 109 shown in the right side of a figure inside a casing. And the heat pump unit 101 and the tank unit 102 have a structure which is connected using the connection piping 103 in the installation place of a heat pump type hot water heater.

On the other hand, the hot water is often stored in the tank 109, and in this case, it may be called a water storage tank. In addition, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 generally heats water and may be called a water-refrigerant heat exchanger.

The refrigeration cycle includes a compressor (104) for compressing a refrigerant, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger (105) for exchanging heat with a high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (104), and a water- The pressure reducing valve 106 through which the refrigerant flowing out of the refrigerant heat exchanger 105 is depressurized, and the evaporator 107 through which the low temperature and low pressure refrigerant depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 106 exchange heat with air are annularly connected through the refrigerant pipe. It is a structure to connect. The evaporator 107 has a structure in which outside air is ventilated by the fan 108. On the other hand, in this refrigeration cycle, carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant.

In the compressor 104, the capacity is controlled by the controller 120 such that the temperature of the hot water heat exchanged in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 becomes a preset target hot water temperature. Specifically, the compressor 104 is an inverter compressor whose capacity is controlled by controlling the compressor rotation speed. However, it is not limited to this, For example, the compressor which performs capacity control by returning discharged refrigerant | coolant to a suction side may be sufficient. Moreover, although the compression system of a compressor is a scroll system, it may be a rotary system or a reciprocating system.

The water cycle includes a tank 109 for collecting the required amount of hot water, a pump (circulating pump) 110 into which water at the bottom of the tank 109 is introduced, and water discharged from the pump (circulating pump) 110 is a refrigerant. And the water-refrigerant heat exchanger (105) which exchanges heat with each other is annularly connected by a circulation pipe, and the water discharged from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger (105) is returned to the government of the tank (109). have. That is, in Example 2, the water flow path F 'starts with the part which takes out water from the tank 109, and makes the end part the part which returns hot water to the tank 109. As shown in FIG. The bottom of the tank 109 is connected to a water supply source such as tap water (not shown) via the water supply pipe 111, and the hot water supply pipe 112 for supplying hot water to a hot water supply terminal such as a tap or a shower is connected to the government.

The compressor 104 is provided with a compressor temperature sensor 113 for measuring the housing temperature of the compressor 104. Thereby, the temperature (coolant discharge temperature) of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 104 can be detected. In addition, the refrigerant discharge temperature may be detected by a temperature sensor provided in the discharge pipe of the refrigerant. However, detecting the housing temperature of the compressor 104 as the refrigerant discharge temperature can suppress the fluctuation of the refrigerant temperature lower than detecting the temperature of the discharge pipe of the refrigerant, and it is easier to control the compressor 104. Have a merit

In order to detect the refrigerant temperature flowing out of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105, the refrigerant pipe downstream of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 is provided with a water-refrigerant heat exchanger outlet refrigerant temperature sensor as the refrigerant temperature detector 116. Is installed. In addition, the water-coolant heat exchanger inlet as the water temperature detection unit 114 that detects the temperature of the water flowing into the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 is provided in the piping of the water cycle provided before and after the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105. A water temperature sensor and a water-refrigerant heat exchanger outlet hot water temperature sensor as a water temperature detection unit 115 for detecting the temperature of water flowing out of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 5 are provided.

And this heat pump type hot water heater is judged as abnormality of the water flow path F ', when the temperature of the refrigerant | coolant heat-exchanged by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 is more than the reference temperature determined based on target hot water temperature. In this way, the abnormality of the water flow path F 'can be detected, except the factor of the state of the water flow path F' which differs according to an installation place. In the refrigeration cycle including the compressor 104, since the pressure, the pressure loss, and the like of the fluid do not vary greatly between the installation locations of the heat pump type hot water heaters, the abnormality of the water flow path F 'based on the rotation speed of the pump. Compared with the case of detecting C, the detection accuracy can be increased.

On the other hand, the reference temperature is the same as the target hot water temperature. However, when the capacity of the compressor 104 is controlled so that the temperature of the hot water heat exchanged by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 becomes the target hot water temperature, when the temperature of the water rises temporarily, the target hot water temperature is temporarily exceeded (so-called , Overshoot). In consideration of this, in this heat pump type hot water heater, the reference temperature is set several degrees higher than the target hot water temperature. As a result, even when the temperature of the hot water temporarily exceeds the target hot water temperature, it is determined not to be abnormal immediately.

Moreover, in this heat pump type hot water heater, since the water flow path F 'is provided over the tank unit 102 and the heat pump unit 101, the control of Example 2 is carried out for the following reasons, It is suitable for detecting the abnormality of the flow path F 'with high accuracy. In a typical heat pump type hot water heater, a refrigeration cycle in which the tank 109 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 are accommodated is constituted by separate units. In this case, the state (pipe resistance, etc.) of the water flow path F 'differs greatly for each heat pump type hot water heater according to the shape and length of the connecting pipe 103 performed at the time of installation, the number of bent portions, and the like. In this regard, since the heat pump type hot water heater is controlled based on the capacity of the compressor 104 and not based on the flow rate of the water flow path F ', high precision detection is performed regardless of the installation location. I can do it.

Specifically, this heat pump type hot water heater is provided with an abnormality of the water flow path F 'when the state where the temperature of the refrigerant heat exchanged in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 is equal to or higher than the target hot water temperature continues for a predetermined time or more. To judge. In this way, the accidental fluctuation of the temperature is not judged abnormally, and the accuracy of the abnormality judgment can be further improved.

Moreover, when this heat pump type hot water heater is judged abnormally by the above method, it judges that the flow of the water which flows through the water flow path F 'is stopped. Then, notification relating to the stop of the flow of water in the water flow path F 'is performed. Specifically, an error is displayed on the display screen installed in the remote control or the like.

Next, the control flow at the time of operation which concerns on Example 2 is demonstrated using FIG.

At the time of boiling operation, after setting the target hot water temperature and the compressor target temperature (S101 in FIG. 6) with respect to the control part 120, boiling operation is started. From the start of boiling operation, the opening degree of the pressure reduction valve 106 is corrected so that the compressor temperature (S102 in FIG. 6) obtained from the compressor temperature sensor 113 matches the compressor target temperature (S103 in FIG. 6).

Moreover, the control part 120 correct | amends the rotation speed of the compressor 104 so that the exit hot water temperature (S104 in FIG. 6) and target hot water temperature obtained from the water temperature detection part 115 may correspond (S105 in FIG. 6). By this operation, since the compressor rotation speed outputting the heating capacity increases or decreases with respect to the amount of water circulating, it is possible to accurately grasp the heating capacity currently output.

In the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105, heat is exchanged with water and a refrigerant in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 when there is no blockage or the like in the pipe while the boiling operation is performed by such an operation. Since heat energy is radiated by water, the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger becomes a temperature lower than the boiling target temperature as shown in FIG.

However, when an abnormality such as a blockage occurs in the pipe and a regular amount of water circulation cannot be secured, the refrigerant cannot be radiated with water, which is the heating target liquid, in the water-coolant heat exchanger 105. As shown in 8, the outlet refrigerant temperature of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 approaches the boiling target temperature.

In order to detect this phenomenon, in the present embodiment, during the boiling operation, the outlet refrigerant temperature of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 is always monitored (S106 in FIG. 6) so that the outlet refrigerant temperature is lower than the boiling target temperature. A function (S107 in FIG. 6) for monitoring whether the operation is set is provided.

When the outlet refrigerant temperature is lower than the boiling target temperature (S107 → No in FIG. 6), the opening degree of the pressure reducing valve 106 described above and the compressor rotation speed are corrected. When the outlet refrigerant temperature is higher than the boiling target temperature (S7 → Y in Fig. 6), after confirming that the state of high temperature is maintained even after a predetermined time (S108 → Yes in Fig. 6), the water circulation An error is sent (S109 in FIG. 6) and operation is stopped. In addition, the said predetermined time can also be called flow stop monitoring time.

Therefore, the circulation of water that boils due to clogging of dust in the water pipe or hardness component (for example, calcium carbonate) contained in the tap water as a scale and sticking in the pipe, clogging of air due to insufficient air bleeding in the pipe, etc. When a problem that cannot be solved occurs, it is possible to detect the problem in a high precision and inexpensive manner and to promptly respond by an abnormal notification, thereby improving the reliability.

8, the time change of the compressor rotation speed and the exit refrigerant temperature of a water-refrigerant heat exchanger when abnormality (flow stop) generate | occur | produces in the water flow path F 'is demonstrated. At the time T11, after starting operation of the compressor 104, when there is an abnormality in the water flow path F ', the outlet refrigerant temperature gradually rises. At the time T12, the outlet refrigerant temperature exceeds the housing temperature of the compressor 104. In the experimental example of FIG. 8, the time from the time T11 to the time T12 is about 1 to 2 minutes. Then, when it is confirmed that the predetermined time (flow stop monitoring time) or more continues after the state is entered at time T12, the time is reported at time T13. In the experimental example of FIG. 8, the flow stop monitoring time (time T12 to time T13) is about 2 minutes.

In general, abnormalities such as clogging of scales or clogging of small dusts are progressed little by little (that is, the flow rate decreases). On the other hand, when the valve | bulb arrange | positioned in the water flow path F 'is closed, or a big dust blockage etc., a flow abruptly stops. In this regard, the abnormality detection according to the second embodiment is about 1 to 2 minutes from the start of heating in the abnormal state until the outlet hot water temperature exceeds the housing temperature of the compressor 104, and the change is relatively rapid. Therefore, it is suitable for abnormality detection of the flow stop which arises abruptly.

By such a control, the relationship between the outlet refrigerant temperature and the outlet hot water temperature of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 shown in Fig. 7 (the state in which there is no blockage in the water pipe and the normal water circulation amount is secured) and , Change in the relationship between the outlet refrigerant temperature and the outlet hot water temperature of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 shown in FIG. 8 (a condition in which a blockage in the water pipe, etc., prevents a regular amount of water circulation). Can be detected during boiling operation. Therefore, an abnormality in water circulation can be transmitted without erroneous detection, and boiling operation can be stopped. In addition, since the abnormality detection is determined at the boiling target temperature, even if the boiling target temperature is set to any value, an abnormality in the water circulation can be sent without erroneous detection and the boiling operation can be stopped.

(Example 3)

Since the heat pump type hot water heater according to the third embodiment has a structure which is basically the same as that of the heat pump type hot water heater according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the description of the piping configuration and the like are omitted with the same reference numerals.

In Example 3, a heat pump capable of detecting both an abnormality in the flow rate reduction occurring in the water flow path F described in Example 1 and an abnormality in the flow stop occurring in the water flow path F 'described in Example 2 It is about a type hot water heater.

That is, in the heat pump type hot water heater according to the third embodiment, when the temperature of the water heat-exchanged in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 is higher than the target hot water temperature when the compressor 104 is operated below a preset reference capacity, When it is determined that the flow rate of the water flowing through the water flow path F 'is reduced and the temperature of the refrigerant heat exchanged by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 is equal to or higher than the target hot water temperature, the water flow in the water flow path F' is decreased. It is judged to be stopped.

The abnormality detection of the flow rate reduction in Example 3 was demonstrated in Example 1, and since the abnormality detection of the flow stop was described in Example 2, the description of the content of specific control is abbreviate | omitted.

In addition, step S201-S205 in FIG. 9 correspond to step S1-S5 of Example 1, and step S101-S105 of Example 2, respectively. In addition, step S206 corresponds to step S106 of the second embodiment. In addition, step S207-S209 corresponds to step S6-S8 of Example 1. In addition, steps S211-S212 correspond to step S107-S108 of Example 2. Step S210 corresponds to step S9 of the first embodiment and step S109 of the second embodiment, respectively.

In general, abnormalities such as clogging of scales or clogging of small dusts are progressed little by little (that is, the flow rate decreases). On the other hand, the valve disposed in the water flow path F 'is closed, or an abnormality such as large dust clogging is such that the flow suddenly stops. In this regard, the abnormality detection for detecting that the temperature of the water heat-exchanged in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 is higher than the target hot water temperature when the compressor 104 is operated at or below a predetermined reference capacity is required for abnormality detection. Since time is comparatively long, it is suitable for abnormality detection of the flow rate reduction which progresses little by little. On the other hand, the abnormality detection which detects that the temperature of the refrigerant heat-exchanged by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 105 is more than the reference temperature determined based on the target hot water temperature has a relatively short time required for abnormality detection, so that the flow suddenly occurs. It is suitable for detecting abnormality of a stop.

Therefore, according to the heat pump type hot water heater which concerns on Example 3, even if any abnormality of a flow volume reduction or a flow stop occurs, it can detect each accurately. In addition, even when the flow is not stopped, even when a sudden flow decrease occurs (for example, when a medium dust blockage occurs), the flow can be reliably detected as either an abnormality in the flow decrease or the flow stop. have.

In addition, the heat pump type hot water heater which concerns on this invention is not limited to the structure of the said embodiment, A various change is possible within the range which does not deviate from the meaning of invention.

For example, in the said embodiment, although water was demonstrated as an example as a liquid to be heated (heated liquid), it is not limited to this, The liquid to be heated (heated liquid) is liquid other than water (for example, Heat storage liquid). As such a heat pump type hot water heater, for example, a type of a system in which a high temperature liquid heated by a heat pump is stored in a tank, and the water supply is indirectly heated and heated using this high temperature liquid. In this case, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger may be replaced by a liquid-refrigerant heat exchanger, the hot water temperature or the water temperature may be replaced by the liquid temperature, and the water flow path may be replaced by the liquid flow path.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the heat pump type hot water heater which stores the high temperature water heated by the heat pump in the tank was demonstrated to the example, this invention is a system which supplies the hot water heated by the heat pump to a hot water supply terminal as it is. It is also applicable to heat pump type hot water heaters.

In the above embodiment, a heat pump type hot water heater for introducing and heating water stored in a tank into a water-refrigerant heat exchanger has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, The present invention is also applicable to a heat pump type hot water heater of a heating type.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the tank unit 2 accommodating the tank 9 and the heat pump unit 1 accommodating the compressor 4 and the liquid-cooling heat exchanger 5 are separately provided. Although explained as an example, it is not limited to this, A tank, a compressor, or a liquid-cooling heat exchanger may be integrated in one unit.

1, 101: heat pump unit
2, 102: tank unit
3, 103: connection piping
4, 104: compressor
5, 105: water-refrigerant heat exchanger
6, 106: pressure reducing valve
7, 107: evaporator
8, 108: fan
9, 109: tank
10, 110: pump
11, 111: water supply pipe
12, 112: hot water supply piping
13, 113: compressor temperature sensor
14, 15, 114, 115: water temperature detector
116: refrigerant temperature detection unit

Claims (8)

A compressor having a variable capacity, a liquid-cooling heat exchanger for heating the liquid to be heated by the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and a liquid temperature detecting unit for detecting the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger And a control unit for controlling the capacity of the compressor,
The liquid liquid to be heated is introduced into the liquid-cooling heat exchanger and passes through the liquid-cooling heat exchanger, and has a liquid flow path which flows out of the liquid-cooling heat exchanger,
The control unit controls the capacity of the compressor such that the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger is a predetermined target liquid temperature,
When the temperature of the liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-refrigerant heat exchanger is higher than the target liquid temperature when the compressor is operating below a predetermined reference capacity, it is determined that the liquid flow path is abnormal. Heat pump type hot water heater. The method of claim 1,
If the temperature of the liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-refrigerant heat exchanger is higher than the target liquid temperature for more than a predetermined time while the compressor is operating below a preset reference capacity, it is determined that the liquid flow path is abnormal. Heat pump type hot water heater, characterized in that. The method of claim 1,
The capacity of the compressor is controlled so that the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger becomes a target liquid temperature, and when the compressor is operated below a predetermined reference capacity, the liquid-cooling heat exchanger is heat-exchanged. And when the temperature of the liquid is higher than the target liquid temperature, a notification relating to a decrease in the flow rate of the liquid to be heated in the liquid passage is performed. A compressor having a variable capacity, a liquid-cooling heat exchanger for heating the liquid to be heated by the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and a liquid temperature detecting unit for detecting the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger And a coolant temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the coolant exchanged with the liquid-coolant heat exchanger, and a controller for controlling the capacity of the compressor.
The liquid liquid to be heated is introduced into the liquid-cooling heat exchanger and passes through the liquid-cooling heat exchanger, and has a liquid flow path which flows out of the liquid-cooling heat exchanger,
The control unit controls the capacity of the compressor such that the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger is a predetermined target liquid temperature,
And when the temperature of the refrigerant heat-exchanged in the liquid-refrigerant heat exchanger is equal to or higher than a reference temperature determined based on the target liquid temperature, the heat pump type hot water heater. 5. The method of claim 4,
And when the temperature of the refrigerant heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger is equal to or higher than the reference temperature determined based on the target liquid temperature, the heat pump is judged to be abnormal of the liquid flow path. Hot water heater. 5. The method of claim 4,
When the temperature of the refrigerant heat-exchanged in the liquid-coolant heat exchanger is equal to or higher than a reference temperature determined based on the target liquid temperature, a notification relating to the stop of the flow of the liquid to be heated in the liquid flow passage is performed. Heat pump type hot water heater. A compressor having a variable capacity, a liquid-cooling heat exchanger for heating the liquid to be heated by the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and a liquid temperature detecting unit for detecting the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger And a coolant temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the coolant exchanged with the liquid-coolant heat exchanger, and a controller for controlling the capacity of the compressor.
A liquid flow path which is introduced from the liquid-cooling heat exchanger after introducing the heated liquid into the liquid-cooling heat exchanger and passing the liquid-cooling heat exchanger;
The control unit controls the capacity of the compressor such that the temperature of the heated liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger is a predetermined target liquid temperature,
If the temperature of the liquid heat-exchanged in the liquid-refrigerant heat exchanger is higher than the target liquid temperature when the compressor is operating below a preset reference capacity, the flow rate of the heated liquid flowing through the liquid flow path is reduced. Judge,
When the temperature of the refrigerant heat-exchanged in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger is higher than or equal to the reference temperature determined based on the target liquid temperature, it is determined that the flow of the liquid to be heated in the liquid flow path is stopped. Hot water heater. The method according to any one of claims 1, 4 and 7,
A tank for storing the heated liquid heated in the liquid-cooling heat exchanger;
A tank unit accommodating the tank;
A heat pump unit for receiving the compressor and the liquid-refrigerant heat exchanger,
And the liquid flow path is provided over the tank unit and the heat pump unit.

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