JP5774890B2 - Slope drainage - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drainage groove provided on a slope, and in particular, a novel structure method capable of preventing the slope collapse and reducing the maintenance work of the slope by efficiently draining the slope. It relates to surface drainage grooves.

  Conventionally, slopes provided by embankment or excavation during civil works such as road construction and creation work have been provided with steps at appropriate heights for the purpose of slope stability. In addition, a water collecting basin is installed in such a small stage, and a vertical drainage groove extending in the slope direction of the slope and a small stage draining groove extending in the horizontal direction along the small step are arranged on either side of the water collecting basin. Connected from three sides. And, in the vertical drainage channel and the small drainage channel connected by the catchment in this way, the slope surface erosion generated at the time of raining flows down to the bottom of the slope to prevent slope erosion. .

  Specifically, the slope drainage groove having a conventional structure is shown in, for example, FIG. 5 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-286357 (Patent Document 1) and FIGS. 1-2 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-089556 (Patent Document 2). As shown.

  By the way, the amount of surface water on the slope varies greatly depending on the degree of rainfall. For example, in the case of guerrilla heavy rain, it is necessary to treat a large amount of surface water. On the other hand, in the slope drainage having a conventional structure, foreign matter such as hay, dead leaves, dead branches and earth and sand carried along with running water through the vertical drainage and the small drainage are collected in the catchment.

  However, when a large amount of surface water is generated on the slope, the flow rate and the flow velocity flowing down the vertical drainage channel through the catchment basin in the slope direction of the slope become extremely large, while water is collected from the small drainage channel. It turned out that it would be difficult to flow into the trap. As a result, the surface water that could not be treated by the small drainage channel overflowed (overflow) from the small drainage channel and flowed down the slope that was not the vertical drainage channel, which could lead to the collapse of the slope. is there.

  In addition, as described above, foreign matter such as hay is collected in the catchment basin, so that such foreign matter is easily caught, and there is a possibility that water flow inhibition may occur. This hindrance to water flow reduces the slope's wastewater treatment capacity below the design value, which may further increase the risk of slope collapse due to overflow from the small drainage channel.

JP 07-286357 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-089556

  Here, the present invention has been made in the background as described above, and the solution is to prevent the collapse of the slope and maintain the slope by efficiently draining the slope. It is an object of the present invention to provide a slope drainage having a novel structure that can reduce management labor.

In order to solve such a problem, a first aspect of the present invention is provided with a merging portion for connecting a small drainage groove extending along a small step of the slope on the flow path in the vertical drainage groove extending in the slope direction of the slope. was a slope culvert inclination angle along the slope of the slopes is had contact to the longitudinal drainage groove that is set on the bottom slope, Contact Keru said longitudinal drainage grooves to inlet portion of the said converging portion the bottom surface gradient bottom gradient along the inclination of the該法surface of which is different, along the inclination of the該法surface in said longitudinal drainage ditch at the distal end side of the inflow section from said longitudinal drainage grooves into the merging section A slope drainage groove provided with a jump portion that has a jumping action on the flowing water from the vertical drainage groove to the merging portion by attaching a downward bottom gradient or an upward bottom gradient to the bottom gradient. And

  In the slope drainage channel of this mode, even if the surface flow rate on the slope is significantly increased due to guerrilla heavy rain, etc., the inflow from the small drainage channel to the junction is increased without impeding the flow down the vertical drainage channel. Thus, it is possible to promote the flow down by the vertical drainage channel from the small drainage groove through the junction. As a result, the overflow of the small drainage ditch can be reduced, the slope collapse caused by running down the slope other than the vertical drainage can be prevented, and maintenance work required for repairing the slope, etc. Can also be reduced.

In addition, although it is clear from the experimental results by the present inventor that the effect of such a jump portion is exerted, the technical reason has not been completely elucidated yet, and the technical reason is elucidated. This is not the object of the present invention. However, according to the study by the present inventor, it is presumed that the reason is any one of the following 1) to 6) or some complex reason.
1) The velocity energy of the flowing water flowing into the junction through the vertical drain is reduced by the jump section.
2) The direction of the flowing water flowing into the merging section through the vertical drainage channel is changed by the jump section to the upper direction from the direction toward the bottom of the merging section.
3) Due to the above 1) and / or 2), the occurrence of significant turbulent flow in the merged part due to the flowing water flowing into the merged part through the vertical drain is suppressed.
4) The water surface position that flows into the junction through the vertical drainage channel is raised by the jump section, and the substantial water flow cross-sectional area at the junction is increased vertically upward to suppress the flow velocity.
5) The flow area of flowing water flowing into the merge section at a high flow rate through the vertical drainage channel is made the water surface area of the merge section by the jump section, so that the flow velocity and turbulence at the bottom of the merge section can be suppressed, and the merge section The effect of introducing the running water from the small drainage groove is exhibited at the bottom of the.
6) Flowing water that flows down straight through the vertical drainage channel causes flow in the water surface area that exceeds the confluence by the jump, while the bottom area of the confluence introduces water from the small drainage channel. As a whole, smooth merging and flow down between the inflow from the upper vertical drainage channel and the small drainage channel and the outflow to the lower vertical drainage channel are realized in the merging part. By avoiding a significant turbulent flow such as a waterfall at the confluence and a local rise in water level associated therewith, overflow in the drainage channel is prevented.

  A second aspect of the present invention is a slope drainage groove according to the first aspect, wherein the jump portion is formed with a bottom slope that smoothly changes in the flow direction at the bottom of the vertical drainage groove. Is.

  In the slope drainage groove of this aspect, since no step is formed on the bottom surface of the vertical drainage groove, rainwater and the like can flow more smoothly through the vertical drainage channel groove. Note that the bottom slope of the jump section only needs to be smoothly connected to the bottom face of the vertical drainage groove, that is, without a step, and the bottom slope of the jump section itself may be constant like a slope. It may change gradually like a ski jumping table. In addition, unlike the present embodiment, in the first embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to form a step or unevenness on the bottom surface of the vertical drainage groove or the bottom surface of the jump portion to reduce the speed of the flowing water flow, etc. .

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the slope drainage groove according to the first or second aspect, the jump portion is formed with a bottom slope having a protrusion angle of horizontal or more at a tip portion on the merging portion side. It is what.

  In the slope drainage groove of this aspect, the slope of the tip portion of the jump portion is set with an elevation angle of 0 degrees or more with respect to the horizontal plane, so that the surface water on the slope which is the object of the present invention is vertically drained. In addition, it is possible to more effectively realize the drainage by the small drainage groove and the prevention of the slope collapse caused by the surface water flowing down the slope other than the drainage groove. The reason is presumed to be due to the fact that the technical actions described in 1) to 6) can be more effectively exhibited.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the slope drainage groove according to any one of the first to third aspects, the jump portion is formed by a convex portion projecting from an extended surface of the bottom surface of the vertical drainage groove. It is what has been.

  In the slope drainage groove of this aspect, the present invention can be easily implemented by attaching a convex jump portion to the bottom surface of the existing vertical drainage groove, for example.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the slope drainage groove according to any one of the first to third aspects, the jump portion is formed by a concave portion that is recessed from the extended surface of the bottom surface of the vertical drainage groove. It is what.

  In the slope drainage groove of this aspect, since the jump portion is formed in such a manner that it descends in the depth direction from the bottom surface of the vertical drainage groove and then rises again at a predetermined inclination angle, the groove depth of the vertical drainage groove is formed. It is also possible to form a jump portion while maintaining the above.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the slope drainage groove according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the bottom surface of the joining portion is a smooth continuous surface having no step with respect to the bottom surface of the small drainage groove. Are connected.

  In the slope drainage groove of this aspect, the bottom part of the junction part is not formed at the bottom part of the junction part, and the bottom part of the junction part is smooth as a whole. It will be formed with a continuous surface. Therefore, foreign matters such as hay and dead leaves and earth and sand can flow down quickly without staying in the junction. As a result, the reduction of the effective channel cross-sectional area of the drainage channel caused by such clogging of foreign matter and the prevention of water flow are avoided, and the overflow from the drainage channel and the prevention of slope collapse resulting from it are achieved more effectively. Can be done. In addition, it is possible to reduce labor such as periodic cleaning of the water collecting basins installed in the stairs and confirmation of foreign matter retention.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is a slope drainage groove according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein an inflow portion of the vertical drainage groove into the merged portion and the merger of the vertical drainage groove are provided. The outflow part from the section is connected to the merging section from both the upper and lower sides in the slope direction of the slope, and from at least one of the left and right sides of the merging section in the horizontal direction of the slope. The small drainage groove is connected, and the bottom surface of the merging portion is directed from the bottom surface of each small drainage groove connected from at least one of the left and right sides toward the center of the merging portion and the vertical drainage groove. It is an inclined guide surface that is gradually inclined downward toward the outflow portion from the merging portion.

  In the slope drainage groove of this aspect, drainage grooves are connected from four or three sides to the junction, and such a structure is installed on the slope in each of a plurality of vertical drainage grooves and small-stage drainage grooves. By installing at each intersection, a slope drainage network can be realized with a substantially lattice shape as a whole slope. In particular, the bottom surface of the junction is provided with a gradient leading from the small drainage groove to the center (that is, the center of the vertical drainage groove), so that it flows out from the small drainage groove to the lower vertical drainage groove via the junction. As described above, the drainage of the small drainage groove is guided more effectively.

  An eighth aspect of the present invention is a slope drainage groove according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein an inflow portion of the vertical drainage groove into the merge portion and the merger of the vertical drainage groove are provided. The outflow part from the section is connected to the merging section from both the upper and lower sides in the slope direction of the slope, and from at least one of the left and right sides of the merging section in the horizontal direction of the slope. The small drainage groove is connected, and a corner side wall surface from the small drainage groove at the merging portion to the outflow portion from the merging portion of the vertical drainage groove is convex toward the inside of the merging portion. The outflow guide surface is chamfered into a curved shape.

  In the slope drainage groove of this aspect, as in the seventh aspect, it is possible to provide a sloped drainage groove network having a substantially lattice shape on the entire slope. In addition, on the flow path from the small drainage groove on both sides or one side to the vertical drainage groove on the lower side through the merging portion, the side wall is made to have a specific shape of the outflow guide surface, thereby having a substantial widening effect on the flow path. The guiding effect of gradually changing the flow path direction of the small drainage groove to the vertical drainage groove direction is exhibited. Thereby, drainage from the small stage drainage groove that flows out from the small stage drainage groove to the vertical vertical drainage groove through the junction can be achieved more effectively.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the slope drainage according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, a water collecting basin is provided at a slope bottom portion of the slope, and the top of the vertical drainage is provided. The downstream end is connected to the catchment.

  In the slope drainage of this aspect, in the catchment basin installed at the slope bottom, dead leaves and earth and sand that have flowed down to the slope through the vertical drainage due to the trapping action of the deep bottom retention part installed at the bottom It is possible to handle foreign substances such as In particular, in this aspect, it is preferable to adopt in combination with the sixth aspect, and the merging portion is not installed in the merging portion with the small drainage groove installed on the vertical drainage groove. By making the bottom surface of the bottom smooth and continuous with no step relative to the bottom surface of the small drainage groove, foreign matter that has entered the vertical drainage groove and the small drainage groove is collected in the drainage basin using the slope drainage. I can do it. As a result, it is possible to reduce a great amount of labor required for cleaning each drainage basin installed in a small stage.

  According to the slope drainage channel constructed according to the present invention, the amount of slope drainage through the vertical drainage channel and the small drainage channel can be increased even in the case of guerrilla heavy rain, etc. It is possible to prevent the slope from falling.

The top view of the slope drainage groove | channel as 1st embodiment of this invention. II-II expanded sectional view in FIG. III-III expanded sectional view in FIG. The IV-IV principal part expanded sectional view in FIG. VV expanded sectional view in FIG. The top view of the slope drainage groove | channel as 2nd embodiment of this invention. VII-VII expanded sectional view in FIG. VIII-VIII expanded sectional view in FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the slope drainage as 3rd embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the slope drainage as 4th embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the slope drainage groove | channel as 5th embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, the slope drainage groove | channel as 1st embodiment of this invention is shown by FIGS. This slope drainage groove is provided on the slope 10 constructed by civil engineering work, etc., and the longitudinal drainage groove 12 extending in the inclination direction of the slope 10 (vertical direction in FIG. 1), and the slope 10 Including a small drainage groove 16 provided in the middle of the inclination direction and extending along the small stage 14 having a predetermined width and extending in the horizontal direction, and a junction 18 between the vertical drainage groove 12 and the small drainage groove 16. It is configured.

  As is well known, a plurality of vertical drain grooves 12 can be provided in the lateral direction (width direction) of the slope 10 at a predetermined interval, and the small drain grooves 16 are also defined in the height direction of the slope 10. A plurality can be provided at intervals. That is, the set number, size, length, and the like of the vertical drainage grooves 12, the small drainage grooves 16, and the merging portion 18 are appropriately adjusted according to the size, shape, and the like of the slope 10, and are limited. Not a thing.

  Specifically, the vertical drainage grooves 12 and the small-stage drainage grooves 16 are generally constituted by concrete grooves, and can be laid by an in-situ casting method, but preferably a precast concrete product such as a U-shaped groove is used. It is done. In short, the vertical drainage grooves 12 and the small drainage grooves 16 are generally non-covered or covered groove structures having a bottom wall portion and both side wall portions and extending with a constant cross-sectional area. Further, the vertical drainage grooves 12 and the small-stage drainage grooves 16 are respectively provided with tension concrete 20 and 22 extending at a predetermined width on both sides in the width direction to protect the slope 10. The vertical drainage grooves 12 are laid with a slope along the slope of the slope 10 and extend linearly along the surface of the slope 10. On the other hand, the small drainage groove 16 extends linearly in the width direction intermediate portion of the small step 14 along the small step length direction.

  Further, the vertical drainage groove 12 also extends along the surface of the small stage on the small stage 14 and is connected to the small stage drainage groove 16 on the small stage 14 so as to form a junction 18. The junction 18 is generally finished with cast-in-place concrete and has a predetermined volume surrounded by the peripheral wall 24. The inflow side (upstream side) vertical drainage groove 12a and the outflow side (downstream side) vertical drainage groove 12b are connected to the merging portion 18 from both the upper and lower sides in the slope direction of the slope 10, and The left small drainage groove 16a and the right small drainage groove 16b are connected from both the left and right sides in the extending direction of the small stage 14. That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the vertical drainage grooves 12 and the small drainage grooves 16 that extend linearly in a plan view are orthogonal to each other, and a junction 18 is installed at the intersection.

  The peripheral wall 24 of the merging portion 18 is basically symmetrical with respect to the center line of the vertical drainage groove 12, and the inflow side where the connection portion to the merging portion 18 of the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12 a is provided. It is comprised from the surrounding wall 24a and the outflow side surrounding wall 24b in which the connection part to the confluence | merging part 18 of the outflow side vertical drain groove 12b was provided. In addition, in the peripheral wall 24 of the merging portion 18, the inflow side peripheral wall 24 a, the outflow side peripheral wall 24 b, and the like are appropriately changed in shape or the like according to conditions such as a construction place, for example, left and right inflow side peripheral walls 24 a, 24b can also be made into an asymmetrical shape with respect to the center line of the vertical drainage groove 12 according to the difference in the left and right small stage inflow angles.

  The inflow side peripheral wall 24a extends linearly with a single saddle plate shape so that one side wall (upper side wall of the slope) of each of the left and right small drainage grooves 16a and 16b is continuous with each other. The inflow-side vertical drainage groove 12a is opened and connected to the central portion of the inflow-side peripheral wall 24a.

  The outflow side peripheral wall 24b has a left and right divided structure and extends with an arcuate curved surface that protrudes inward of the merging portion 18. In other words, the corner side wall surface from the left and right small drainage grooves 16a and 16b toward the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b in the merging portion 18 is chamfered into a curved shape protruding toward the inside of the merging portion 18, and the outflow side peripheral wall. 24b is formed. And by this outflow side peripheral wall 24b, the other side wall (lower side wall) of the left and right small drainage grooves 16a and 16b is smoothly connected to one side wall of the downstream vertical drainage groove 12b. It has been.

  Further, the bottom surface 26 of the merging portion 18 is inclined toward the downflow direction of the vertical drainage grooves 12 and the small drainage grooves 16, and is an inclined guide surface that guides the drainage to the outflow side vertical drainage grooves 12b. . Specifically, in the left-right direction in which the small steps 14 extend, as shown in FIG. 3, the gradient gradually inclines downward from the connection portions of the left and right small-stage drain grooves 16 a and 16 b toward the center of the merging portion 18. Is attached. In addition, in the up-down direction in which the vertical drainage groove 12 extends, as shown in FIG. 2, a slope is gradually inclined downward from the connection portion of the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a toward the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b. Has been. In short, the bottom surface 26 of the merging portion 18 is given a complex or three-dimensional inclination from the connecting portions of the left and right small drainage grooves 16a and 16b to the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b as a whole.

  The left and right small drainage grooves 16a and 16b are generally provided with a downward gradient of about several percent that inclines toward the merging portion 18 over their entire length. Is provided with a larger gradient from the connecting portions of the left and right small drainage grooves 16a and 16b toward the center of the merging portion 18. Preferably, a gradient of 5% or more is given to the bottom surface 26 of the merge portion 18, and more preferably a gradient of about 10 to 20%.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the opening bottom surface 28 of the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12 a is made higher than the bottom surface 26 of the confluence portion 18 by a predetermined amount in the opening portion of the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12 a to the confluence portion 18. . Specifically, the opening bottom surface 28 of the inflow-side vertical drainage groove 12a is set to be substantially the same as or slightly higher than the height of the bottom surface 30 at the connection portion of the left and right small-stage drainage grooves 16a, 16b to the joining portion 18. Yes.

  Further, the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a is provided with a jump base 32 (convex portion) as a jump part at the inflow portion to the merging portion 18, that is, the downstream end portion of the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a. The jump table 32 is formed like a ski jump table with a predetermined radius of curvature r in the flow path length direction of the inflow side vertical drain groove 12a, and is fixedly installed in the inflow side vertical drain groove 12a. .

  In particular, in the present embodiment, in the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a, it is located in a region extending substantially horizontally so as to reach the small step 14 from the region having the same gradient as the slope of the slope 10 and cross the small step 14 in the width direction, It is installed immediately before reaching the opening to the merging portion 18 on the bottom surface of the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a which is substantially horizontal. That is, with respect to the normal substantially horizontal bottom surface 34 of the inflow-side vertical drainage groove 12a at the installation site, the curved bottom surface where the inclination angle gradually changes until it rises smoothly from the normal bottom surface 34 to a predetermined elevation angle: θ projection angle. With 36, the jump stand 32 is formed.

  Note that the jump angle 32 of the jump base 32 is appropriately set according to the planned flow rate in the vertical drainage groove 12 and the small drainage groove 16, the size of each drainage groove 12, 16, the size of the junction 18, and the like. In the present embodiment, θ> 0 degrees, preferably 10 degrees ≦ θ ≦ 60 degrees, and more preferably 15 degrees ≦ θ ≦ 50 degrees. .

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the leading edge of the jump base 32 is set slightly upstream from the inflow position of the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a to the merging portion 18, and the vertical drainage that has jumped out of the jump base 32. (Drainage flowing down the vertical drainage groove 12) flows into the junction 18 with a predetermined jump angle. However, the jumping edge of the jumping base 32 may be set at the inflow position of the inflow side vertical drain groove 12a to the merging portion 18, or by jumping out the tip of the jumping base 32 inside the merging portion 18. The leading edge may be positioned in the joining portion 18.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the height dimension of the right and left side walls in the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a is made higher in the installation area of the jump stand 32 than in other areas, so that the water jump prevention walls 25, 25 are formed. . In particular, in the present embodiment, in the flow path direction of the vertical drainage groove 12, the tip end portion (downstream) of the jump stand 32 is substantially the same as or more upstream than the base end portion (upstream end portion) of the jump stand 32. The water splash prevention walls 25, 25 are formed so as to be substantially the same as the side end portion) or to extend further downstream. The water jump prevention walls 25 and 25 may be formed integrally with the side wall of the vertical drainage groove 12 or may be formed separately. Further, the water jump prevention walls 25, 25 may be provided on both the left and right side walls of the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b, and further, the inflow side vertical drainage is formed so as to straddle the opening of the small drainage groove 16. The water splash prevention walls 25, 25 may be extended so as to extend continuously between both side walls of the groove 12a and the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b. By forming such water jump prevention walls 25, 25, even when the amount of water flow is excessive, the water level rises due to the installation of the jump stand 32, or when water jump occurs, etc. Can be more effectively prevented from jumping out of the drainage groove to the slope or overflowing.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a curved bottom base 38 for connection is installed slightly upstream from the jump base 32. The curved bottom base 38 is disposed across the bent portion that moves from the slope surface slope region to the small step region on the bottom surface of the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a. The abrupt change in the bottom slope at the bent portion is alleviated by the curved surface attached to the curved bottom base 38, and the drainage flowing down the inflow side vertical drain groove 12a is smoothly directed toward the jump base 32. It is guided (while suppressing the occurrence of turbulent flow). The curved base 38 is not essential, and the curved base 38 may be integrally formed with the jump base 32 by extending the jump base 32 toward the upstream side.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the width dimension: b of the jump base 32 is made smaller (B> b) than the groove width: B at the bottom of the vertical drainage groove 12. Yes. As a result, normal drainage channels 40, 40 with normal bottom surfaces extending substantially horizontally along the small steps 14 are formed at the bottom of the vertical drainage groove 12 on both sides in the width direction of the jump table 32. However, the normal drainage channels 40 and 40 are formed as necessary, and the jump table 32 may be formed over the entire width of the vertical drainage groove 12. Further, both side edges of the jump base 32 in the width direction are slightly raised upward to form side walls. In the figure, reference numeral 42 denotes a support portion for fixing the plate forming the jump base 32 to the bottom surface of the vertical drainage groove 12.

  In such a slope drainage groove, surface water on the slope 10 is collected by the vertical drainage groove 12 and the small drainage groove 16 during rainfall or the like and allowed to flow down. At that time, if the precipitation is tens of millimeters (hours) or less, the slope drainage of the conventional structure will also exhibit the drainage function. Note that the surface water associated with this degree of rainfall may be promptly treated by flowing through the normal drainage channels 40, 40 without going over the jump table 32 installed in the vertical drainage channel 12. If the normal drainage channels 40 and 40 are formed as described above (the formation of the normal drainage channels 40 and 40 is not essential), the stay in the vertical drainage groove 12 by the jump table 32 can be prevented. However, if the amount of precipitation exceeds that, especially concentrated torrential rain or guerrilla heavy rain, the drainage function of the conventional structure will not be sufficient, and inflow from the small drainage channel 16 to the vertical drainage channel 12 will be hindered and overflow. This will cause the slope to collapse. In the case of the slope drainage having the above-described structure, even if surface water is significantly increased in guerrilla heavy rain or the like, the inflow and the downflow from the small drainage groove 16 to the vertical drainage groove 12 are smoothly performed. Overflow in can be prevented.

  Such an effect is based on the fact that the jump stand 32 is installed at the bottom of the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a, and the technical reason is considered as described in the above [0011] 1) to 6).

  In addition, in the present embodiment, the slope is set in the inflow / downflow direction from the small drainage groove 16 on the bottom surface 26 of the merge part 18, so that the inflow from the small drainage grooves 16 a and 16 b to the merge part 18. In addition, the outflow and the downflow from the junction 18 to the outflow side vertical drain groove 12b can be further promoted. In particular, since the flowing water flowing down from the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a to the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b through the confluence portion 18 is caused to flow in the upper region of the confluence portion 18 by the action of the jump stand 32, the small drainage groove 16 The flowing water flowing down to the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b through the junction 18 is allowed to flow in the bottom region of the junction 18. Therefore, the flow gradient set on the bottom surface 26 of the merging portion 18 exerts an effective flow promoting action on the flowing water flowing from the small drainage groove 16 to the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b through the merging portion 18. It is.

  In addition, in the present embodiment, the outflow guide surface, which is a curved surface that guides the outflow side peripheral walls 24b and 24b in the region from the left and right small drainage grooves 16a and 16b to the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b in the merging portion 18 in the downflow direction, Therefore, the flowing water guiding action, the turbulent flow (vortex) generation suppressing action, etc. in such a basin are exhibited. Thereby, a more effective flow promoting action can be expected for the flowing water flowing down from the small drainage groove 16 to the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b through the merging portion 18.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the bottom surface 26 of the merging portion 18 is continuously formed without a step from the bottom surfaces of the left and right small drainage grooves 16a and 16b, and is also continuous without a step on the bottom surface of the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b. Is formed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent foreign matters such as hay and earth and sand from staying in the junction 18 and to stably perform the intended drainage function. Although not clearly shown on the drawing, it is preferable to install a structure for capturing foreign matter that flows down at the most downstream end of the vertical drainage groove 12 (portion reaching the bottom). As the object, a water collecting basin or the like which is deeper than the fence body or the drainage ditch can be adopted.

  By the way, the drainage promotion effect of the sloped surface water by the jump base 32 having the above-described structure is that the water flow flowing down the vertical drainage groove is jumped at the junction area with the small drainage groove to stabilize the water flow. The structure according to the present embodiment is confirmed by the present inventor's confirmation, although it is well understood from the actions such as reducing the occurrence of turbulent flow and suppressing the reverse flow from the vertical drainage groove to the small drainage groove. As a result of experimenting with building a model, we were able to confirm the effect even on the model. That is, when a constant amount of water is allowed to flow down through the inlet-side vertical drainage groove 12a, the limit amount (flow rate leading to overflow) drained through the small-stage drainage grooves 16a and 16b is measured. In the structure and the comparative structure in which the jump stand 32 is not installed, a difference was recognized with respect to the drainage limit amount by the small drainage grooves 16a and 16b.

  As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to the specific structure in 1st embodiment which concerns. For example, in FIGS. 6 to 8, a slope drain as a second embodiment of the present invention is shown, and in FIGS. 9 to 11, a slope drain as a third to fifth embodiment of the present invention. Grooves are shown. In these drawings, the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment are assigned to members and parts having the same structure as in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  That is, the slope drainage of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is an existing slope drainage in which a deep water collecting basin 50 is installed at the junction of the vertical drainage groove 12 and the small drainage groove 16. The structural example of this invention which can be implement | achieved by simple construction with respect to a groove | channel is shown.

  In such a water collecting tank 50, the bottom portion is filled with a filler 52 such as concrete to form a shallow bottom, thereby forming a confluence portion 54. In the present embodiment, the bottom surface 56 of the small drainage groove 16 is deeper than the bottom surface 58 of the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b, and the existing drainage groove is constructed. Is set substantially flush with the bottom surface 56 of the small drainage groove 16 and is slightly lower than the bottom surface 58 of the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b. However, the height and shape of the bottom surface 60 of the merging portion 54 are appropriately set according to the expected water amount at the construction site and the height relationship between the bottom surfaces of the small drainage grooves 16 and the outflow side drainage grooves 12b. It is not limited at all. Specifically, when the bottom surface 60 of the merging portion 54 is set substantially flush with the bottom surface of the outflow drainage groove 12b, any of the inflow side drainage groove 12a, the small drainage groove 16, and the outflow side drainage groove 12b In some cases, it may be deeper than that.

  In addition, a guide portion 62 that protrudes from the wall surface on the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a side toward the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b is formed in the inner region of the merging portion 54. The guide portion 62 is formed so as to protrude from the bottom surface 60 of the merging portion 54 (in the present embodiment, protrudes at substantially the same height as the bottom surface 58 of the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b), and the left and right small drainage grooves 16a. , 16b are curved guide surfaces 64a, 64b as outflow guide surfaces that change from the extending direction of the small drainage grooves 16a, 16b toward the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b. By these curved guide surfaces 64a and 64b, the waste water that flows into the merging portion 54 from the left and right small-stage drain grooves 16a and 16b is guided toward the outflow side vertical drain groove 12b.

  Also in this embodiment, the surface water of the slope 10 collected through the small drainage groove 16 is introduced into the outflow side vertical drainage groove 12b by the jump stand 32 installed in the inflow side vertical drainage groove 12a. The slope drainage can be performed efficiently without hindering the drainage flowing down the side longitudinal drainage grooves 12a. Further, in the present embodiment, the drainage efficiency through the small drainage grooves 16 can be further improved by the action of flowing water by the left and right curved guide surfaces 64a and 64b formed to protrude from the bottom surface of the merging portion 54.

  Also in the present embodiment, the bottom of the water collecting basin 50 is sufficiently shallow, so that the accumulation of foreign matter such as earth and sand is prevented as in the first embodiment. The expected drainage effect can be effectively exhibited even in the guerrilla heavy rain that occurs.

  Next, the third embodiment shown in FIG. 9 and the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 both show other examples of the structure of the jump base. That is, in both the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the jump stand 32 that protrudes from the bottom surface of the vertical drainage groove 12 is installed. On the other hand, it is also possible to install a concave jump stand.

  The jump base 70 shown in FIG. 9 and the jump base 72 shown in FIG. 10 both deepen the bottom surface of the drainage groove with a smoothly continuous curved surface in the flow direction, and shallow near the bottom of the flow. A jump base (concave portion) having a predetermined pop-out angle: θ is formed by raising the bottom so as to be the bottom. In particular, in FIG. 9, θ> 0 degrees, but θ = 0 degrees may be used as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 11 shows a structural example in which a jump stand 74 is simply installed on the bottom surface of the existing vertical drainage groove 12. The jump stand 74 can be attached with, for example, concrete. Further, the jump angle 74 of the jump table 74 is a depression angle of θ <0 degrees, but exhibits an effective jump effect for the drainage flowing down the inflow side longitudinal drainage groove 12a, and the small drainage groove 16 Can be introduced into the junction 18.

  Furthermore, also in each structural example shown by the above-mentioned FIGS. 6-11, similarly to 1st Embodiment shown by FIGS. 1-5, the height of the both-sides wall of a vertical drain is set as the installation area | region of a jump stand. In addition, it is possible to provide a water splash prevention wall that is enlarged in the area of the junction or the like. Further, such a water jump preventing wall may be provided also on the upstream peripheral wall 24a and the downstream peripheral wall 24b of the junction 18, and further, a water jump preventing wall may be provided on both side walls of the small drainage groove 16 near the junction 18. good.

  In addition, although not enumerated one by one, the present invention can be appropriately changed and modified based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and all such embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention unless departing from the gist of the present invention. .

10: slope, 12: vertical drainage groove, 12a: inflow side vertical drainage groove, 12b: outflow side vertical drainage groove 14: small step, 16: small step drainage groove, 18: confluence, 26: bottom surface, 28: bottom surface of opening, 30: Open bottom, 32: Jump stand, 34: Bottom, 50: Catchment, 54: Junction, 56: Bottom, 60: Bottom, 62: Guide, 64: Curved guide, 64a: Curved guide 64b: curved guide surface, 70: jump base, 72: jump base, 74: jump base

Claims (9)

On the flow path in the vertical drainage groove extending in the slope direction of the slope, a slope drainage groove provided with a junction for connecting the small drainage groove extending along the small slope of the slope,
Inclination angle along the slope of the slopes is had contact to the longitudinal drainage groove that is set on the bottom slope, bottom slope in our Keru said longitudinal drainage grooves in the inflow portion minutes into the merging section is the slope of the該法surface are different from the bottom gradients along a small downward bottom than the bottom surface gradient along the inclination of the該法surface in said longitudinal drainage ditch at the distal end side of the inflow section from said longitudinal drainage grooves into the merging section A slope drainage groove characterized in that a jump portion is provided that has a slope or an upward bottom slope to exert a jump action on the flowing water from the vertical drainage groove to the merging portion.   The slope drainage groove according to claim 1, wherein the jump portion is formed with a bottom slope that smoothly changes in a flow-down direction at a bottom portion of the vertical drainage groove.   The slope drainage groove according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the jump portion is formed with a bottom slope having a horizontal projection angle at a tip portion on the merging portion side.   The slope drainage groove according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the jump portion is formed by a convex portion protruding from an extended surface of the bottom surface of the vertical drainage groove.   The slope drainage groove according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the jump portion is formed by a concave portion that is recessed from an extended surface of the bottom surface of the vertical drainage groove.   The slope drainage groove according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a bottom surface of the merging portion is connected with a smooth continuous surface having no step with respect to a bottom surface of the small drainage groove. An inflow portion of the vertical drainage groove into the merging portion and an outflow portion of the vertical drainage groove from the merging portion are connected to the merging portion from both upper and lower sides in the slope direction of the slope. ,
The small drainage groove is connected from at least one side of the right and left sides which are the horizontal direction of the slope at the junction,
The bottom surface of the merging portion is directed from the bottom surface of each small drainage groove connected from at least one of the left and right sides toward the center of the merging portion and to the outflow portion from the merging portion of the vertical drainage groove. The slope drainage groove according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the slope drainage surface is an inclined guide surface that is gradually inclined downward. An inflow portion of the vertical drainage groove into the merging portion and an outflow portion of the vertical drainage groove from the merging portion are connected to the merging portion from both upper and lower sides in the slope direction of the slope. ,
The small drainage groove is connected from at least one side of the right and left sides which are the horizontal direction of the slope at the junction,
An outflow guide surface chamfered in a curved shape in which a corner side wall surface extending from the small drainage groove at the merging portion to the outflow portion from the merging portion of the vertical drainage groove protrudes into the merging portion; The slope drainage groove according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   The slope according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a catchment basin is provided at a slope portion of the slope, and a most downstream end of the vertical drainage groove is connected to the catchment basin. Drains.

Images