JP5941862B2 - Overflow evaluation device, overflow evaluation method, program - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an overflow evaluation apparatus and the like for evaluating overflow of a drainage ditch during rainfall.

  In mountainous areas, when laying railroads, embankments are often placed on natural slopes and rails are laid on top of it. Since such embankments have a risk of collapse due to rainfall, operation regulations using rainfall as an index are performed to ensure safe and stable transportation of railways. The operation regulation value is determined empirically with reference to the rainfall at the time of embankment collapse that occurred in the past.

  However, such operation regulation values may not be in line with the current situation of each embankment, and in recent years, a quantitative and rational operation regulation value setting method is required. As one of them, there is a method for obtaining safety against rainfall by meshing the topography and performing osmotic flow analysis and safety analysis from individual mesh conditions (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2008-121185 A

  The collapse of the embankment is affected by the amount of water flowing into the embankment through the surface of the natural slope during rainfall. Therefore, a drainage groove is provided at the boundary between the natural slope and the embankment to prevent the water from the natural slope from being drained and flowing into the embankment. However, if there is a large amount of water flowing from the surface layer of the natural slope, it cannot be treated in the drainage ditch and flows into the embankment, which may cause collapse of the embankment.

  Therefore, as an evaluation of the safety of embankments during rainfall, it is desirable to examine the presence or absence of overflow due to drains. Conventionally, however, there has been no system for evaluating such overflow.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide an overflow evaluation apparatus and the like that can perform overflow evaluation of drainage grooves during rainfall.

A first invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is an overflow evaluation device for evaluating the presence or absence of overflow in a drainage ditch caused by rainfall, and an area dividing means for dividing the drainage groove into a plurality of areas along the direction of drainage. , Using the amount of water in the region upstream of the region to be evaluated, using a water amount calculating means for calculating the amount of water passing through the region to be evaluated, and using the amount of water and the amount of water flow limit, Overflow determining means for determining presence / absence , wherein the drainage groove is provided at a boundary portion of the embankment on the slope, and the amount of water flow is in the area at the time of calculation during the flow of the drainage groove. The amount of water that is present is the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region, and the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region. If the water flow limit of the area is exceeded, Depending on the shape, during the flow of the drainage ditch, the water flow limit amount is used as the amount of water present in the area at the time of calculation, or it was previously in the area located upstream of the drainage ditch from the area It is an overflow evaluation apparatus characterized by whether the amount of water is used .
A second aspect of the invention is an overflow evaluation apparatus for evaluating the presence or absence of overflow in a drainage ditch caused by rainfall, an area dividing means for dividing the drainage groove into a plurality of areas along the drainage direction, and an upstream side of the evaluation target area A water flow amount calculating means for calculating a water flow amount that passes through the region to be evaluated using the water amount in the area, and an overflow determination means for determining the presence or absence of overflow using the water flow amount and the water flow limit amount. And the evaluation target area corresponds to the connection location of the drainage ditch and the cross drainage, and the water flow limit is defined for the cross drainage. Device.

  The drainage groove is provided on a slope, and the amount of water in at least one of the areas is the amount of water existing in the area at the time of calculation during the drainage of the drainage groove and the amount of water flowing into the area from the surface layer of the slope. And the total amount of water flowing into the area due to rainfall.

  It is desirable that the amount of water existing in the region at the time of calculation during the drainage of the drainage channel is the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region.

  Furthermore, the overflow determination means compares the sum of the amount of water flow and the amount of water stored in the area to be evaluated with the water flow limit amount, so that the drainage cannot be treated by a cross drainage work. When it is determined, it is desirable to further compare the difference between the sum and the water flow limit amount with the storage limit amount of the area to be evaluated to determine the presence or absence of overflow.

  In addition, it is desirable that the storage limit amount includes a storage limit amount of a reservoir provided at the connection location.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an overflow evaluation device for evaluating the presence or absence of overflow in a drainage ditch caused by rainfall, an area dividing step for dividing the drainage groove into a plurality of areas along the drainage direction, and an upstream side of the evaluation target area Using the amount of water in the region, a water flow amount calculating step for calculating the amount of water flowing through the region to be evaluated for a predetermined time, and determining whether there is overflow using the water flow amount and the water flow limit amount. The overflow determination step is performed, and the drainage groove is provided at a boundary portion of the embankment on the slope, and the amount of water flow is present in the region at the time of calculation during the flow of the drainage groove. Including the amount of water, the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region, and the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region is If the water flow limit is exceeded, Depending on the state, during the flow of the drainage ditch, the water flow limit amount is used as the amount of water present in the area at the time of calculation, or it was previously in the area located upstream of the drainage ditch from the area It is an overflow evaluation method characterized in that it is determined whether to use the amount of water .
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an overflow evaluation device for evaluating the presence or absence of overflow in a drainage ditch caused by rainfall, and an area dividing step for dividing the drainage groove into a plurality of areas along the drainage direction, and upstream of the evaluation target area Using the amount of water in the region, a water flow amount calculating step for calculating the amount of water flowing through the region to be evaluated for a predetermined time, and determining whether there is overflow using the water flow amount and the water flow limit amount. The overflow determination step is performed, the area to be evaluated corresponds to the connection point between the drainage ditch and the transverse drainage, and the water flow limit is determined for the transverse drainage This is the overflow evaluation method.

A fifth invention is a computer, a program to function as a flooding evaluation apparatus of the first or second invention.

  In the present invention, the drainage groove is divided into a plurality of regions, and the amount of water in each region that changes every time due to the inflow of water due to rainfall or the inflow of water from the surface of the slope is used to pass through the region to be evaluated. The amount of water can be calculated. Using this and the water flow limit amount, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of overflow in the drainage channel, and it is easy to evaluate the overflow during rainfall. Furthermore, the treatment of drainage overflowing from the drainage channel can be determined according to the shape of the embankment, and the difference in the shape of the embankment can be reflected in the water amount calculation.

  In addition, by setting the area to be evaluated as the connection point where the drainage ditch and the transverse drainage are connected, and setting the water flow limit to that of the transverse drainage, the drainage ditch is provided with a transverse drainage for draining. It will be possible to evaluate the overflow in case of At this time, the presence or absence of overflow can be determined by whether or not the sum of the amount of water flow and the amount of stored water cannot be processed by the cross drainage and whether or not the amount exceeding the water flow limit exceeds the storage limit at the connection location. The storage limit amount can be determined in consideration of the facilities attached to the cross drainage. For example, when a reservoir is provided, the storage limit amount of the reservoir can be included.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the overflow evaluation apparatus etc. which can perform the overflow evaluation of the drain ditch at the time of rainfall can be provided.

The figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 Flow chart showing overflow evaluation method Diagram showing calculation model Diagram showing calculation model Diagram explaining overflow evaluation method Diagram showing calculation model Flow chart showing overflow evaluation method Diagram showing calculation model Diagram showing calculation model Diagram explaining overflow evaluation method

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
(1. Overflow evaluation device 1)
FIG. 1 shows a hardware configuration of an overflow evaluation device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 can be realized by a general computer in which a control unit 11, a storage unit 12, an input unit 13, a display unit 14, a communication unit 15, and the like are connected via a bus 16. .

  The control unit 11 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like. The CPU calls a program stored in the storage unit 12, ROM, recording medium, etc. to a work memory area on the RAM and executes it, and drives and controls each unit connected via the bus 16 to realize processing described later. . The ROM is a non-volatile memory and permanently stores programs, data, and the like. The RAM is a volatile memory, and temporarily stores a program, data, and the like loaded from the storage unit 12, ROM, recording medium, and the like, and includes a work area used by the control unit 11 to perform various processes.

  The storage unit 12 is a hard disk or the like, and stores a program executed by the control unit 11, data necessary for program execution, and the like. The program is read by the CPU of the control unit 11 as necessary, transferred to the RAM, and executed as means for performing various processes described later.

The input unit 13 inputs data and includes an input device such as a touch panel and a keyboard. An operation instruction, an operation instruction, data input, and the like can be performed via the input unit 13.
The display unit 14 includes a display device such as a liquid crystal panel, and a logic circuit for realizing a video function of the computer in cooperation with the display device.

The communication unit 15 is a communication interface that mediates communication using a network, and communicates with other devices via the network. The network may be wired or wireless.
The bus 16 is a path that mediates transmission / reception of control signals, data signals, and the like between the units.

(2. Overflow evaluation method by overflow evaluation device 1)
Next, a method for evaluating the overflow of drainage by the overflow evaluation device 1 will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the overflow evaluation method, and each step is a process executed by the control unit 11 of the overflow evaluation apparatus 1.

(S101: Acceptance of parameter input)
First, the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 accepts input by a user of parameters necessary for calculation (S101). Parameters include drainage channel conditions, rainfall, surface flow, and type of embankment. The drainage groove conditions include the shape of the drainage groove. As for rainfall, there are changes over time in rainfall per unit time and unit area. As for the surface layer flow, there is a temporal change in the amount of water flowing on the surface of the natural slope and flowing into the drainage channel.

  By S101, the overflow evaluation model of the drain ditch at the time of rainfall is set. FIG. 3 shows an example of this model. FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing a model. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view along the drain direction (length direction) of the drain groove 70, and FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view along the width direction of the drain groove 70.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, in the model, the embankment 60 is formed on the natural slope 61, and the drainage groove 70 is disposed along the boundary portion with the embankment 60 on the natural slope 61. Here, the embankment is a kind of soil structure of a railroad or a road, and means a soil structure made by raising the soil higher than the ground surface.

The amount of water flowing into the drainage groove 70 includes the amount of water q _rain flowing in due to rainfall and the amount of water q _surface flowing in from the surface layer of the natural slope 61. These waters are drained by the drainage grooves 70, but if they cannot be treated by the drainage grooves 70, they overflow the drainage grooves 70 and flow into the embankment 60, causing collapse of the embankment.

The amount of water q _surface flowing from the surface of the natural slope 61 can be input by calculating the amount of water flowing through the surface of the natural slope 61 using, for example, the method described in Patent Document 1 described above. Further, the amount of water q _rain flowing in due to _rain can be calculated from the amount of rainfall input in S101.

As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the drainage groove conditions are as follows: total length P (m), gradient I in the drainage direction, flow-down distance L (m) per hour of water Δt (minutes), drainage groove There are 70 cross-sectional areas A (m ² ), diameter depth R (m), margin a, width W (m), and the like. Note that Δt is a calculation interval in time history calculation.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the types of embankment. FIG. 4A is an example in which a bank 60 having a slope in one direction is formed on the natural slope 61 (hereinafter referred to as a single piece bank), and FIG. This is an example in which the embankment 60 having a slope is formed (hereinafter referred to as an inclined ground). In S101, the type of embankment is also input. As described above, the shape of the embankment varies depending on the type.

(S102: Area division of drainage groove 70)
As shown in FIG. 5A, the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 divides the drainage groove 70 into a plurality of regions j along the drainage direction (S102), and sets these as regions for overflow evaluation. The values of j are 1, 2, 3,... in order from the downstream side. Here, the region is divided for each La (m), and the number N of regions of the drainage groove 70 is calculated by the following equation (1).
N = P / La (1)
Note that the value of La can be set variously, for example, 10 m. This value may be determined in advance or may be input in S101.

(S103: Calculation of the water flow limit amount Q _{limit that} can be processed by one region of the drainage groove 70 in Δt minutes)
Next, the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 calculates a water flow limit amount Q _limit (m ³ / Δt) that can be treated by one region of the drainage groove 70 in Δt minutes (S103).

In S103, first, the water passage limit q (m ³ / s) before correction of the drainage groove 70 is calculated using the following Manning equation (2).
q = A · (1 / n) · R ^2/3 · I ^1/2 (2)
n is a Manning roughness coefficient determined by the material and type of the drainage groove 70, and is input in S101.

Next, in this embodiment, in order to consider the accumulation of earth and sand in the drainage groove 70, the water flow limit amount q is corrected by the margin rate a using the following equation (3), and the water flow limit amount after correction is corrected. q ′ (m ³ / s) is calculated.
q ′ = q / a (3)

Next, the water flow limit amount Q flowing through the drainage groove 70 during the time Δt is calculated by the following equation (4).
Q = Δt · 60 · q ′ (4)

And the water flow limit amount Q _limit which can process one area | region of the drain ditch 70 in (DELTA) t minutes is calculated by the following Formula (5).
Q _limit = La · Q / L (5)

(S104: Calculation of the amount of water _{qsurface, j} flowing into the region j from the surface layer of the natural slope 61)
Returning to the description of FIG. On the other hand, the overflow evaluation device 1 calculates the amount of water q _{surface, j} (t) flowing from the surface layer of the natural slope 61 into the region j of the drain groove 70 at time t (S104).

As described above, with respect to the water amount q _{surface, j} (t), the natural slope 61 is divided into meshes as shown in FIG. The amount of water q _{surface, j} (t) flowing into the drainage groove 70 from the surface layer of the natural slope 61 can be calculated. At this time, the width of each mesh is adjusted to the length La of the region j, and the amount of water q _{surface, j} (t) flowing into the region j from the mesh above the region j of the drain groove 70 is calculated. However, the water amount q _{surface, j} (t) can be determined by a method other than Patent Document 1.

(S105: Calculation of water quantity q _{rain, j} flowing into region j due to _rain )
Returning to the description of FIG. The overflow evaluation device 1 calculates the amount of water q _{rain, j} (t) flowing into the region j of the drainage ditch 70 due to rain at time t (S105).

In S105, the water quantity q _{rain, j} (t) can be calculated using the following equation (6).
q _{rain, j} (t) = La · W · (U (t) / 1000) · (Δt / 60) (6)
U (t) (mm / h) is the rainfall amount at time t, and is determined from the input in S101.

(S106: Calculation of water flow rate in area j)
Next, the overflow evaluation device 1 calculates the total water amount q _{in, j} of the region j at time t as the water flow amount (S106).

In S106, first, the amount of drainage water q _{stock, j} (t) existing in the region j at the time t during the flow of the drainage groove 70 is calculated.

Here, the water quantity q _{stock, j} (t) can be calculated using the following formula (7-1) or formula (7-2).
q _{stock, j} (t) = Q _{stock, j + L / La} (t−Δt) (7-1)
However, when j + L / La> N, q _{stock, j} (t) = 0 (7-2)

As shown in FIG. 5B, the equation (7-1) is a stored water amount Q _stock, which is the amount of water in the region j + L / La upstream from the region j by a distance L at the previous time t−Δt _{. This} shows that _{j + L / La} (t−Δt) reaches the region j during the time Δt and becomes the above-mentioned water amount q _{stock, j} (t). The stored water amount Q _{stock, j + L / La} (t−Δt) will be described later.

  Further, Expression (7-2) indicates that the region j is in the vicinity of the upstream end of the drain groove 70, and the drainage of the region upstream from the region j at time t-Δt is downstream from the region j at time t. Indicates that everything has flowed to the side.

The amount of stored water Q _{stock, j + L / La} (t−Δt) is determined in consideration of the type of embankment. That is,
i) In the case where the type of embankment is single-section embankment,
Q _{stock, j + L / La} (t−Δt) = q _{in, j + L / La} (t−Δt) (8-1)
However, when q _{in, j + L / La} (t−Δt)> Q _limit ,
Q _{stock, j + L / La} (t−Δt) = Q _limit (8-2)
And Also,
ii) When the type of embankment is sloped ground,
Q _{stock, j + L / La} (t−Δt) = q _{in, j + L / La} (t−Δt) (9)
And

i) Formula (8-1) in the case where the type of embankment is a single-section embankment, the above-mentioned stored water amount Q _{stock, j + L / La} (t−Δt) is the total water amount in the region j + L / La at time t−Δt. It is the same as q _{in, j + L / La} (t−Δt).

Further, when the total water amount q _{in, j + L / La} (t−Δt) exceeds the water flow limit amount Q _limit , the stored water amount Q _{stock, j + L / La} (T−Δt) indicates that the water flow limit amount Q _limit is set. Therefore, in the above equation (7-1), the water flow limit amount Q _limit is used as the water amount q _{stock, j} (t) of the waste water existing in the region j at the time t during the flow of the drain groove 70. Will be.

As shown in FIG. 6A, when the type of the embankment 60 is a one-piece embankment, the drainage 71 that exceeds the water flow limit amount Q _limit flows down to the embankment 60 side, and the drainage 71 flows through the drainage groove 70. This means that the amount of water becomes the water flow limit amount Q _limit .

On the other hand, ii) Equation (9) in the case where the type of embankment is inclined ground is the above-mentioned stored water amount Q _{stock, j + L / La} (t−Δt) regardless of whether or not the water flow limit amount Q _limit is exceeded. Is the total amount of water q _{in, j + L / La} (t−Δt) in region j + L / La at time t−Δt. Therefore, in the above equation (7-1), the amount of drainage water q _{stock, j} (t) existing in the region j at the time t during the flow of the drainage groove 70 is the region j + L / La at the time t−Δt. The total amount of water q _{in, j + L / La} (t−Δt) is used as it is.

When the type of the embankment 60 is sloped ground, as shown in FIG. 6B, the drainage 71 that exceeds the water flow limit Q _limit is formed between the slope 60 of the embankment 60 and the natural slope 61. This is because it is assumed that all the drainage 71 flows down along the drainage groove 70 by raising the dam upward.

Finally, the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 calculates the total water amount q _{in, j} (t) as the water flow amount in the region j at time t by the following equation (10).
q _{in, j} (t) = q _{rain, j} (t) + q _{surface, j} (t) + q _{stock, j} (t) (10)

Equation (10) is the sum of the total amount of water q _{in, j} in the region j at time t plus the amount of water q _{surface, j} and the amount of water q _{rain, j} obtained in S104 and S105 to the amount of water q _{stock, j.} It is shown that.

(S107: Determination of the presence or absence of overflow, S108: Warning display)
Returning to the description of FIG. Next, the overflow evaluation device 1 compares the total water amount q _{in, j} (t) _, which is the water flow amount calculated in S106, with the water flow limit amount Q _limit calculated in S103, and determines whether there is overflow in the region j. (S107).

In S107, when q _{in, j} (t) is equal to or less than Q _limit , there is no overflow (S107: N), and the process proceeds to S109.

On the other hand, when q _{in, j} (t) exceeds Q _limit , it is determined that the drainage in the region j overflows from the drain groove 70 (S107: Y). (S108), the process proceeds to S109. The amount Q _{overflow, j} (t) of water _overflowing from the region j can be calculated by the following equation (11).
Q _{overflow, j} (t) = q _{in, j} (t) −Q _limit (11)

(S109: Time history calculation)
The overflow evaluation device 1 repeats the processes of S104 to S108 with the time t → t + Δt until the predetermined calculation end time is reached (S109: N). Thus, the time history calculation is performed, and when the calculation end time is reached (S109: Y), the process ends.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the drainage groove 70 is divided into a plurality of regions j, and the total of each region j that changes every moment due to the inflow of water due to rainfall or the inflow of water from the surface layer of the natural slope 61. The water flow amount Q _in passing through the evaluation target region j can be calculated using the water amount q _in . By using this and the water flow limit amount Q, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of overflow in the drainage groove 70, and it is possible to easily evaluate the overflow during rainfall. In addition, there is an advantage that the treatment of drainage overflowing from the drainage groove 70 is determined according to the shape of the embankment, and the difference in the shape of the embankment can be reflected in the water amount calculation.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied to another overflow evaluation model. Hereinafter, as a second embodiment of the present invention, an example in which overflow evaluation is performed using a model different from the first embodiment will be described. Note that in the second embodiment, the same points as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and the description thereof is omitted.

[Second Embodiment]
The overflow evaluation method of 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the overflow evaluation method, and each step in the figure is a process executed by the control unit 11 of the overflow evaluation apparatus 1.

(S201: Acceptance of parameter input)
Also in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 first receives input by the user of parameters necessary for the calculation (S201). Parameters include drainage conditions, rainfall and surface flow, as well as transverse drainage conditions described later.

  As described above, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in a model for evaluating overflow. This model is shown in FIGS. FIG. 8A is a perspective view showing a model. FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view along the drain direction (length direction) of the drain groove 70, and FIG. 8C is a cross-sectional view along the width direction of the drain groove 70. 9A is a cross-sectional view along the drainage direction (length direction) of the cross drainage 71, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view along the width direction of the cross drainage 71.

As shown in FIG. 8A, in the second embodiment, a cross drainage 71 is provided in the middle of the drainage groove 70. Further, in the drainage groove 70, a basin 72 is provided at a connection location 70 a with the transverse drainage work 71. Water q _rain flowing down the drain 70 by rain, is similar to the first embodiment for water q _Surface flowing into the drain grooves 70 from the surface of the natural slope 61, these water flows into the drain groove 70 After that, it flows toward the connection point 70 a and is drained by the cross drainage 71. In this embodiment, the presence / absence of overflow is evaluated at this connection location 70a.

As shown in FIGS. 8B and 8C, the drainage groove conditions are the same as in the first embodiment, the total length P (m), the gradient I in the drainage direction, and the water flow per time Δt (min). There are a distance L (m), a sectional area A (m ² ) of the drainage groove 70, a diameter depth R (m), a margin a, a width W (m), and the like. Among these values, the necessary ones are determined on both sides of the connection point 70a. For example, in the example of the figure, the total length P, the flow-down distance L, and the gradient I are determined on both sides of the connection location 70a. Each value on both sides of the connection location 70a is represented by subscripts 1 and 2.

Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the transverse drainage conditions include the gradient I _{crossing in the} drainage direction, the cross-sectional area A _crossing (m ² ) of the crossing drainage 71, and the radial depth R _crossing (m ), Margin rate a _crossing .

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a storage limit amount Q _{drainage groove} and a Q _reservoir are determined for the drainage groove 70 and the reservoir 72 at the connection point 70a with the cross drainage 71 (see FIG. 9A). The storage limit amount Q _{drainage groove} and Q _reservoir are the volumes of the drainage groove 70 and reservoir 72 at the connection location 70a, respectively.

(S202: Calculation of water flow limit amount Q _crossing of cross drainage 71)
Returning to the description of FIG. When the parameters are input in S201, the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 calculates the water flow limit amount Q _crossing (m ³ / Δt) per time Δt of the cross drainage 71 (S202).

In S202, first, the water passage limit q _crossing (m ³ / s) before correction of the cross drainage 71 is calculated using the following Manning equation (12).
q _crossing = A _crossing , (1 / n _crossing ), R _crossing ^2/3 , I _crossing ^1/2 (12)
The n _crossing is a Manning roughness coefficient determined by the material and type of the cross drainage 71 and is input in S201.

Next, in order to take into account sedimentation of sediment and the like of the cross drainage 71, the water flow limit q _crossing is corrected by _crossing the margin rate a using the following equation (13), and the corrected water flow limit q Calculate the _crossing '(m ³ / s).
q _crossing '= q _crossing / a _crossing ... (13)

And the water flow limit amount Q _crossing which flows through the cross drainage 71 during time (DELTA) t is calculated by the following formula _| equation (14).
Q _crossing = Δt · 60 · q _crossing '(14)

(S203: Area division of drainage groove 70)
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10A, the overflow evaluation device 1 divides the drain groove 70 into a plurality of regions k ₁ , k ₂ , and j along the drain direction (S203). At this time, the connection point 70a with the cross drainage 71 is defined as a region j (evaluation target region), and the regions on both sides of the region j are defined as k ₁ and k _{2 in} order from the downstream side (region j side), k ₁ = 1, 2, 3..., K ₂ = 1, _2, 3. Also in the present embodiment, the regions k ₁ , k ₂ , and j are divided for each La (m), and the numbers of regions N ₁ and N ₂ on both sides of the connection location 70a are calculated by the following equation (15).
N ₁ = P ₁ / La, N ₂ = P ₂ / La (15)

(S204: area _k 1 from the surface layer of natural slopes _{61, k} 2, water flows into the _{j q surface, k1, q surface} , k2, q surface, calculation of _j)
Returning to the description of FIG. Next, the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 performs the same as S104 described above, and the amount of water q _{surface, k1} (t), q _{surface, k2} flowing into the regions k ₁ , k ₂ , j from the surface layer of the natural slope 61 at time t. (T), q _{surface, j} (t) are calculated (S204).

(S205: Calculation of the amount of water q _{rain, k1} , q _{rain, k2} , q _{rain, j} flowing into the areas k ₁ , k ₂ , j due to _rain )
In addition, the overflow evaluation device 1 performs the same as S105 described above, and the amount of water q _{rain, k1} (t), q _{rain, k2} (t), q flowing into the areas k ₁ , k ₂ , j due to rain at time t. _{rain, j} (t) is calculated (S205).

(S206: Calculation of water flow rate Q _{in, j in} region j)
Next, the overflow evaluation device 1 calculates a water flow amount Q _{in, j} that passes through the region j and is drained by the cross drainage 71 during the time Δt (S206).

In S206, first, using the following equations (16-1) to (16-3), the amount of drainage water q _{stock, k1} existing in the areas k ₁ and k ₂ at the time t during the flow of the drainage groove 70. (T), q _{stock, k2} (t) is calculated.
q _{stock, k1} (t) = q _{in, k1 + L / La} (t−Δt), q _{stock, k2} (t) = q _{in, k2 + L / La} (t−Δt) (16-1)
However,
When k ₁ + L / La> N ₁ , q _{stock, k1} (t) = 0 (16-2)
When k ₂ + L / La> N ₂ , q _{stock, k2} (t) = 0 (16-3)

The equation (16-1) indicates that the total amount of water in the regions k ₁ + L / La and k ₂ + L / La upstream from the regions k ₁ and k ₂ by the distance L at the previous time t−Δt is expressed as time Δt. It is shown that the regions k ₁ and k ₂ are reached during

Expressions (16-2) and (16-3) indicate that the regions k ₁ and k ₂ are in the vicinity of the upstream end of the drainage groove 70 and are upstream of the regions k ₁ and k _{2 at} time t−Δt. It can be seen that the drainage of the area in FIG. 5 has all flowed downstream from the areas k ₁ and k _{2 at} time t.

In addition, the amount of drainage water q _{stock, j} (t) existing in the region j at the time t during the flow of the drainage groove 70 flows from both sides into the region j. And this sum is set as q _{stock, j} (t). This is shown by the following formulas (17-1) to (17-4).
q _{stock, j} (t) = q _{in, L1 / La} (t−Δt) + q _{in, L2 / La} (t−Δt) (17-1)
However,
When L ₁ / La> N ₁ and L ₂ / La> N ₂ ,
q _{stock, j} (t) = 0 ... (17-2)
When L ₁ / La ≦ N ₁ and L ₂ / La> N ₂ ,
q _{stock, j} (t) = q _{in, L1 / La} (t−Δt) (17-3)
When L ₁ / La> N ₁ and L ₂ / La ≦ N ₂ ,
q _{stock, j} (t) = q _{in, L2 / La} (t−Δt) (17-4)

Subsequently, the total amount of water q _{in, k1} (t), q _{in, k2} (t), q _{in, j} (t) in the regions k ₁ , k ₂ , j at time t is expressed by the following equations (18), ( 19) and (20).
q _{in, k1} (t) = q _{surface, k1} (t) + q _{rain, k1} (t) + q _{stock, k1} (t) (18)
q _{in, k2} (t) = q _{surface, k2} (t) + q _{rain, k2} (t) + q _{stock, k2} (t) (19)
q _{in, j} (t) = q _{surface, j} (t) + q _{rain, j} (t) + q _{stock, j} (t) (20)

Then, a water flow amount Q _{in, j} (t) that passes through the region j of the drainage groove 70 and is drained by the cross drainage 71 during the time Δt is calculated using the following equation (21).

As shown in FIG. 10 (b), the equation (21) indicates that the water flow amount Q _{in, j} (t) passing through the region j and drained by the cross drainage 71 during the time Δt is the total water amount in the region j. q _{in, j} (t) _, the sum of the total water amounts q _{in, k1} of each region from region k ₁ = 1 to region k ₁ = L ₁ / La-1, and region k ₂ = 1 to region k ₂ = It shows that the total water amount q _{in, k2} of each region up to L ₂ / La-1 is added.

(S207: Judgment of drainage treatment by cross drainage 71, S208: Calculation of stored water amount _{Qstock, j in} region j)
Returning to the description of FIG. Next, the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 calculates the sum of the water flow amount Q _{in, j} (t) calculated in S206 and the stored water amount Q _{stock, j} (t−Δt) stored in the region j at time t−Δt, Compared with the water flow limit amount Q _crossing of the cross drainage 71 calculated in S202, it is determined whether or not all drainage can be treated by the cross drainage 71 (S207). The stored water amount Q _{stock, j} will be described later.

Passing water amount Q _in, j (t) and the storage water Q _stock, is j (t-Delta] t) the sum of water passing limit amount Q _cross above, i.e. the formula (24-1)
Q _{in, j} (t) + Q _{stock, j} (t−Δt) ≧ Q _crossing (24-1)
When satisfy | filling, it determines with drainage not being able to process in the cross drainage 71 (S207: N), and transfers to the process of S209.

On the other hand, in S207, the sum of the water flow amount Q _{in, j} (t) and the stored water amount Q _{stock, j} (t−Δt) is less than the water flow limit amount Q _crossing , that is, the following equation (24-2)
Q _{in, j} (t) + Q _{stock, j} (t−Δt) <Q _crossing (24-2)
If the condition is satisfied, it is determined that all the drainage is processed by the cross drainage 71 (S207: Y), the amount of stored water Q _{stock, j} (t) in the region j at time t is set to 0 (S208), and the process of S212 is performed. Move.

(S209: Determination of presence / absence of overflow, S210: Calculation of stored water amount Q _{stock, j in} region j, S211: Warning display)
In S209, the overflow evaluation apparatus 1 calculates a value of Q _{in, j} (t) + Q _{stock, j} (t−Δt) −Q _crossing as the excess amount of water passage limit, and uses this value for the drainage ditch 70 and the reservoir 72. The presence or absence of overflow in the region j is determined by comparing with the storage limit amount Q _{drainage groove} and Q _reservoir (S209).

_{Q in, j (t) +} Q stock, j (t-Δt) -Q value of _transverse drainage ditch 70, the storage limit amount Q _drains Tamari桝72, is less than the sum of Q _Tamari桝, i.e. the formula (25-1)
Q _{in, j} (t) + Q _{stock, j} (t−Δt) −Q _crossing <Q _{drainage groove} + Q _reservoir (25-1)
When satisfy | filling, it determines with there being no overflow in the area | region j (S209: N).

Then, the amount of water that could not be treated by the cross drainage 71 is stored in the drain groove 70 and the reservoir 72 attached to the cross drainage 71, and is stored in the region j at time t in the following equation (23). The stored water amount Q _{stock, j} (t) is calculated (S210), and the process proceeds to S212.
Q _{stock, j} (t) = Q _{in, j} (t) + Q _{stock, j} (t−Δt) −Q _crossing (26)

On the other hand, excess water flow limit Q _{in, j} (t) + Q _{stock, j} (t−Δt) −Q _crossing value is equal to or greater than sum of drainage groove 70, reservoir limit storage _drainage Q _{drainage groove} , Q _reservoir In other words, the following formula (25-2)
Q _{in, j} (t) + Q _{stock, j} (t−Δt) −Q _crossing ≧ Q _{drainage groove} + Q _reservoir (25-2)
When satisfying the condition, it is determined that the drainage that could not be treated by the cross drainage 71 overflows from the drainage groove 70 and the reservoir 72 attached to the cross drainage 71 (S209: Y), and there is a risk of the collapse of the embankment. Is displayed on the display unit 14 as a warning (S211), and the process proceeds to S212. In addition, when performing subsequent time history calculation, the value of Q _{stock, j} (t) can be updated by the following equation (27), for example.
Q _{stock, j} (t) = Q _drain + Q _reservoir ... (27)

(S212: Time history calculation)
The overflow evaluation device 1 repeats the processes of S204 to S211 with the time t → t + Δt until the predetermined calculation end time is reached (S212: N). Thus, the time history calculation is performed, and when the calculation end time is reached (S212: Y), the process ends.

In this way, in the second embodiment, the region j to be evaluated is the connection point 70a of the cross drainage 71, and the drainage drain 70 is drained into the drain groove 70 by using the water flow limit amount Q _crossing of the cross drainage 71. The overflow evaluation can be performed when the cross drainage 71 for performing is provided, and the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained. Is this case, the presence or absence of overflow is not completely process the sum of the passing water amount Q _in the reservoir water Q _stock in cross drainage engineering 71, and the excess amount with respect to water flow limit amount Q _cross exceeds storage limit amount of connection points 70a It can be judged by how. Accumulation volume limits can be determined by considering the equipment incidental to transverse drainage Engineering 71, when providing a Tamari桝72, it is intended to include storage limit amount Q _Tamari桝 of Tamari桝72.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, this invention is not limited to the example which concerns. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various modifications or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. It is understood that it belongs.

1 .... Overflow evaluation device 60 ... ... Fill 61 ... ... Natural slope 70 ... ... Drain 71 ... ... Transverse drainage 72 ... ... Reservoir

Claims (9)

An overflow evaluation device that evaluates the presence or absence of overflow in a drainage ditch due to rainfall,
Area dividing means for dividing the drainage groove into a plurality of areas along the drainage direction;
A water flow amount calculating means for calculating a water flow amount that passes through the evaluation target region using a water amount in a region upstream of the evaluation target region;
An overflow determination means for determining the presence or absence of overflow using the water flow amount and the water flow limit amount;
Equipped with,
The drainage groove is provided at the boundary portion of the embankment on the slope,
The amount of water flow includes the amount of water present in the region at the time of calculation during the flow of the drainage ditch,
The amount of water is the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region,
If the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region exceeds the water flow limit of the region,
Depending on the shape of the embankment,
As the amount of water present in the region at the time of calculation during the flow of the drainage channel, the water flow limit amount is used, or the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region is used, An overflow evaluation device characterized in that An overflow evaluation device that evaluates the presence or absence of overflow in a drainage ditch due to rainfall,
Area dividing means for dividing the drainage groove into a plurality of areas along the drainage direction;
A water flow amount calculating means for calculating a water flow amount that passes through the evaluation target region using a water amount in a region upstream of the evaluation target region;
An overflow determination means for determining the presence or absence of overflow using the water flow amount and the water flow limit amount;
Equipped with,
The area to be evaluated corresponds to the connection point between the drainage ditch and the cross drainage,
The overflow evaluation apparatus characterized in that the water flow limit amount is determined for a transverse drainage work . The drainage groove is provided on a slope,
The amount of water in at least one of the regions is the sum of the amount of water existing in the region at the time of calculation during the drainage ditch, the amount of water flowing into the region from the surface of the slope, and the amount of water flowing into the region due to rainfall. The overflow evaluation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. The overflow according to claim 3 , wherein the amount of water existing in the region at the time of calculation during the flow of the drainage channel is the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region. Evaluation device. The overflow judgment means
When it is determined that the drainage cannot be treated by a cross drainage by comparing the sum of the amount of water flow and the amount of stored water stored in the area to be evaluated with the water flow limit amount,
The overflow evaluation apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the difference between the sum and the water flow limit amount is further compared with a storage limit amount of the region to be evaluated to determine whether or not there is overflow. The overflow evaluation apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the storage limit amount includes a storage limit amount of a reservoir provided at the connection location. An overflow evaluation device that evaluates the presence or absence of overflow in drains due to rainfall,
An area dividing step for dividing the drainage groove into a plurality of areas along the direction of drainage;
A water flow amount calculating step for calculating a water flow amount that passes through the evaluation target region during a predetermined time using a water amount in a region upstream of the evaluation target region;
An overflow determination step for determining the presence or absence of overflow using the water flow amount and the water flow limit amount;
The execution,
The drainage groove is provided at the boundary portion of the embankment on the slope,
The amount of water flow includes the amount of water present in the region at the time of calculation during the flow of the drainage ditch,
The amount of water is the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region,
If the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region exceeds the water flow limit of the region,
Depending on the shape of the embankment,
As the amount of water present in the region at the time of calculation during the flow of the drainage channel, the water flow limit amount is used, or the amount of water that was previously in the region located upstream of the drainage channel from the region is used, The overflow evaluation method characterized by that. An overflow evaluation device that evaluates the presence or absence of overflow in drains due to rainfall,
An area dividing step for dividing the drainage groove into a plurality of areas along the direction of drainage;
A water flow amount calculating step for calculating a water flow amount that passes through the evaluation target region during a predetermined time using a water amount in a region upstream of the evaluation target region;
An overflow determination step for determining the presence or absence of overflow using the water flow amount and the water flow limit amount;
The execution,
The area to be evaluated corresponds to the connection point between the drainage ditch and the cross drainage,
The overflow evaluation method, wherein the water flow limit amount is determined for a cross drainage . The computer program for functioning as a flooding evaluation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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