JP5770959B1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat exchanger capable of increasing the efficiency by increasing the flow of a fluid while suppressing an increase in cost is provided. A container 4 for storing fluid, a supply pipe 6 for supplying a fluid for stirring the fluid in the container 4 into the container 4, and an opening 11A formed in the container 4 at one end. And a cylinder 11 configured to be able to discharge the fluid that has entered through the opening 11A on the other end side, so that the fluid flows from the opening 11A side at one end of the cylinder 11 in the container 4 to the other end side. An extension nozzle portion 12 for supplying fluid into the cylinder 11 was extended from the supply pipe 6. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger capable of increasing a heat exchange rate by accelerating (promoting) a fluid flow by an ejector effect.

  Such a heat exchanger includes a bath (container) having a medium inlet provided at the lower part for supplying hot water as a heating medium and a medium outlet provided at the upper part for leading the supplied hot water to the outside. There has been proposed a heat exchanger provided with a coiled pipe for guiding a liquefied gas that is disposed inside a bath and exchanges heat by contact with the hot water (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2009-299858 A (see FIG. 4)

  The heat exchanger configured as described above is configured so that the hot water supplied from the medium inlet contacts the coiled pipe until it moves through the bath to the medium outlet, so that the liquefied gas in the pipe exchanges heat. Warmed by. The speed at which the hot water flows at this time greatly affects the heat exchange rate, but the flow of the hot water cannot be accelerated simply by supplying the hot water from the medium inlet to a bath (container) having a large capacity. For this reason, the heat exchange rate cannot be sufficiently increased. Incidentally, it is conceivable to increase the temperature of the hot water or to make the flow of the hot water faster by using a large pump, but this increases the cost, is difficult to implement, and has room for improvement.

  In view of the above-mentioned situation, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger capable of increasing the efficiency by increasing the flow of fluid while suppressing an increase in cost. To do.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the heat exchanger of the present invention includes a container that contains a fluid, a supply pipe that supplies a fluid for stirring the fluid in the container, and the inside of the container. And an opening at one end of the cylinder in the container, wherein the opening is formed at one end and the other end is configured to be able to discharge the fluid that has entered through the opening. An extension nozzle for supplying fluid into the cylinder so as to flow fluid from the side to the other end is extended from the supply pipe, and the cylinder has an opening at one end together with the extension nozzle. By supplying a fluid from the extended nozzle portion to the cylinder through the opening, an ejector is formed in which the fluid around the cylinder is drawn into the cylinder from the opening. The heat transfer tube is in contact with the fluid discharged from the other end to exchange heat. A liquefied gas is supplied from one end of the heat transfer tube, and the liquefied gas supplied from one end is discharged from the other end of the heat transfer tube to the outside of the container. A fluid is supplied from the other end side of the body to vaporize the liquefied gas in the heat transfer tube, and the vaporized liquefied gas moves to the other end side of the heat transfer tube.

  According to this configuration, by supplying fluid from the extended nozzle portion extended from the supply pipe to the cylinder and flowing the fluid from the opening side of one end of the cylinder in the container to the other end, the cylinder The fluid around is drawn into the cylinder through the opening by the ejector effect and discharged from the other end of the cylinder. Thermal efficiency can be improved by the fluid discharged from the other end side of the cylinder contacting the heat transfer tube at an appropriate flow rate. As a result, fluid is supplied to the one end side of the heat transfer tube from the other end side of the cylindrical body to vaporize the liquefied gas in the heat transfer tube, and the vaporized liquefied gas moves to the other end side of the heat transfer tube.

  Moreover, the heat exchanger of this invention may be comprised so that the said cylinder may flow out the fluid in this cylinder to a radial direction.

  Since the cylinder is configured to flow the fluid in the cylinder in the radially outward direction as in the above configuration, the fluid flowing in the radially outward direction from the cylinder can be directly applied to the heat transfer tube. Thermal efficiency can be improved.

  In the heat exchanger according to the present invention, the cylinder may be configured such that the end on the other end side is closed and the fluid in the cylinder flows out in the radially outward direction.

  As in the above configuration, the cylindrical body is moved to the other end side by being configured so that the end on the other end side is closed and the fluid in the cylindrical body flows out in the radially outward direction. The fluid hits the closed end and flows out of the cylinder in the radially outward direction. Since the fluid flowing out in the radially outward direction can be directly applied to the heat transfer tube, the thermal efficiency can be improved.

  Further, in the heat exchanger of the present invention, the cylindrical body is closed at the other end, and the peripheral surface on the other end has a large number of holes for discharging fluid out of the cylindrical body. It may be formed.

  As in the above configuration, the fluid can be directly applied to the heat transfer tube by allowing the fluid in the cylinder to flow out from the numerous holes formed in the peripheral surface on the other end side, thereby improving the thermal efficiency. be able to.

  According to the present invention, the fluid drawn into the cylinder through the opening using the ejector effect is discharged from the other end side of the cylinder by supplying the fluid from the extension nozzle to the cylinder. Thus, the heat exchanger can contact the heat transfer tube, so that it is possible to provide a heat exchanger that can increase the efficiency by speeding up the flow of the fluid while suppressing an increase in cost.

It is the schematic of a vaporizer provided with the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention. It is a vertical side view of the heat exchanger. (A)-(d) is a figure which shows the other shape of a cylinder, (e) is the figure which changed the position of the extension nozzle part with respect to a cylinder, (f) is the length of the extension nozzle part changed It is a figure which shows the other example which can be performed. (A), (b) is a figure which shows the other shape of a cylinder, (c)-(e) is a figure which shows the other example of an extension nozzle part. (A)-(d) is a figure which shows the other form which provided the some cylinder. (A)-(c) is a figure which shows a reference example.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a vaporizer 1 for vaporizing liquefied gas by heat exchange. The vaporizer 1 includes a tank coil heat exchanger 2 and a boiler device 3 for supplying hot water, which is a fluid for heat exchange, to the tank coil heat exchanger 2.

  The tank coil heat exchanger 2 includes a container 4 for storing hot water to be supplied and a heat transfer tube 5 for exchanging heat by contact with the hot water disposed and supplied in the container 4.

  The container 4 is a vertically long and cylindrical container (may be a rectangular tube shape) that is long in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower ends are closed. A supply pipe 6 for supplying hot water from the horizontal direction is connected to one place in the circumferential direction at the upper end of the container 4. In addition, an outlet pipe 7 for connecting the hot water to the outside is connected to one place in the circumferential direction of the lower end portion of the container 4. Here, the supply pipe 6 and the outlet pipe 7 are connected to the container 4 at the same position in the circumferential direction, but may be configured to be connected at different positions.

  The heat transfer tube 5 is a plurality of coil heat transfer tubes 5A, 5B, and 5C (which are not limited to three here) wound in a coil shape so as to have different winding diameters (located outside). The cross-sectional shape is circular (here, the cross-sectional shape is circular, but the circular shape is not particular). One thick first pipe 8 is connected to the start ends (lower ends) of these three coil heat transfer tubes 5A, 5B, and 5C via a branch portion, and the end points of the three coil heat transfer tubes 5A, 5B, and 5C. (Upper end) is connected to one thick second pipe 9 via a junction. Accordingly, the liquefied gas supplied from the first pipe 8 is heat-exchanged by contact with the fluid (hot water) that convects in the container 4 during the movement of moving inside the three coil heat transfer tubes 5A, 5B, 5C. The vaporized liquefied gas is delivered to the second pipe 9. In short, the liquefied gas in a liquid state is supplied to the coil heat transfer tubes 5A, 5B, and 5C from below, and the liquefied gas in a vaporized state is discharged upward and transferred to a predetermined place. In particular, when the temperature of the hot water is low, if the fluid in the coil is a cryogenic fluid such as LNG, the hot water eventually becomes ice and the ice continues to grow, reducing the heat transfer efficiency and obstructing the flow path on the hot water side. This problem can be solved by the present invention.

  Inside the three coil heat transfer tubes 5A, 5B, 5C, a space 10 is formed, and a cylindrical body 11 for hot water guide having an upper end which is one end opened in the inner space 10 is arranged, An extending nozzle portion 12 that extends from the supply pipe 6 so as to face the opening 11 </ b> A at the upper end of the cylindrical body 11 and supplies hot water into the cylindrical body 11 is provided. At the tip of the extended nozzle portion 12, the fluid discharge direction from the extended nozzle portion 12 is along the axial direction of the cylindrical body 11, and the fluid can flow into the cylindrical body 11 from the opening 11 </ b> A of the cylindrical body 11. Thus, it arrange | positions along the axis line of the cylinder 11. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the ejector effect can be reliably exhibited by reliably supplying the fluid from the extended nozzle portion 12 into the cylindrical body 11.

  The cylindrical body 11 is formed of a cylindrical body that is long in the vertical direction, and is configured to have a length that is approximately 75% of the total length in the vertical direction of the container 4, but is preferably half or more of the total length in the vertical direction of the container 4. . Thus, if the axial length of the cylinder 11 is configured to be more than half of the vertical dimension of the container 4, the fluid in the container 4 can be convected throughout the entire container 4.

  Further, the cylindrical body 11 is closed at the lower end, which is the other end, by a circular lid 13. A large number of holes 14 for discharging the hot water in the cylinder 11 to the outside of the cylinder 11 are formed on the peripheral surface of the lower end portion of the cylinder 11. These holes 14 are formed at an appropriate interval in the lower half of the cylinder 11 that is substantially half of the entire length of the cylinder 11 in the vertical direction. In this way, the fluid (warm water) in the cylindrical body 11 flows out from the hole 14 formed on the peripheral surface on the other end side than the one end of the cylindrical body 11 in the radially outward direction to the heat transfer tubes 5A, 5B, 5C. Since the fluid (hot water) can be directly applied, the thermal efficiency can be improved.

  The extension nozzle part 12 changes the flow of the fluid downward from the horizontal tube 12a extending horizontally in order to guide the fluid from the side wall of the container 4 toward the central part of the container 4, and from the container center side end of the horizontal pipe 12a. Preferably, an L-shaped joint 12b connected to a horizontal pipe and a vertical pipe 12c connected to the lower end of the L-shaped joint 12b and extending vertically to discharge fluid downward are provided. An L-shaped tube may be used.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the hot water is supplied into the cylindrical body 11 from the tip of the extended nozzle section 12 that has entered the cylindrical body 11 from above the opening 11A of the cylindrical body 11, and is indicated by an arrow. Thus, the warm water around the cylinder 11 is drawn into the cylinder 11 by the ejector effect and discharged from the other end side. Thereby, the hot water accommodated in the container 4 is convected through the cylinder 11 in the container 4 at an appropriate flow rate by the supplied hot water. Therefore, the stirring efficiency in the container 4 can be increased by the hot water convection in the container 4. And the hot water which moved to the downward direction of the cylinder 11 can be made to flow out to the radial direction through the hole 14, and can be directly applied to heat exchanger tube 5A, 5B, 5C. The hot water discharged through the hole 14 rises due to the ejector effect due to the supply of hot water from the extending nozzle portion 12, is sucked into the opening 11A of the cylindrical body 11 and moves again into the cylindrical body 11, and the arrow in FIG. Repeat convection at a reasonable flow rate in the direction indicated by. By using a stirrer with high stirring efficiency in this manner, the amount of contact with which the hot water stirred in the container 4 contacts the coil heat transfer tubes 5A, 5B, 5C can be increased, and the coil heat transfer tubes 5A, The heat exchange rate of 5B and 5C can be increased. According to the present invention, for example, by increasing the efficiency, it is possible to obtain advantages such as downsizing of the apparatus, suppression of freezing of warm water and a stirring effect.

  The boiler device 3 has a pump 15 for sucking the hot water in the container 4 and supplying it to the container 4, and the hot water sucked by the pump 15 is about 60 ° C. (the temperature is a temperature at which the liquefied gas can be safely vaporized). If so, a boiler 16 for heating to any temperature and a propane gas (LPG) 17 as a fuel to be supplied to the boiler 16 are provided. A pressure gauge 18 and a flow meter 19 are provided in the piping between the pump 15 and the boiler 16, and the pump 15 is driven and controlled so that a predetermined amount of hot water from the pump 15 can always be supplied.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the cylindrical body 11 is formed of a cylindrical cylindrical body having no holes. In this case, the hot water from the extended nozzle portion 12 is discharged from the opening 11 </ b> B at the lower end of the cylindrical body 11. In FIG. 3A, the cylindrical body 11 is open without the lid 13 and the hole 14 as shown in FIG. 1, but the ejector effect is obtained. Further, in FIG. 3B, the enlarged diameter portion 11a whose inner diameter increases toward the upper end at the upper end portion of the cylindrical body 11, and the inner diameter in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical body 11 has a smaller inner diameter than other portions. And a bulging portion 11b bulging inward. Hot water from the extended nozzle portion 12 is discharged from the opening 11 </ b> B at the lower end of the cylindrical body 11. 3 (c), the opening 11B at the lower end of the cylinder 11 in FIG. 3 (b) is closed with a lid 20, and a number of holes 21 for discharging the hot water supplied to the cylinder 11 to the outside are formed in the cylinder 11. It is formed on the peripheral surface of the lower end (substantially lower half). In FIG.3 (d), the bulging part 22 which bulges outside so that the lower end part of the cylinder 11 may have an internal diameter larger than another part is provided. In FIG.3 (e), it consists of the cylinder 11 which provided the enlarged diameter part 11a to which an internal diameter becomes large toward an upper end, and the front-end | tip part of the extension nozzle part 12 is directly under the enlarged diameter part 11a of the cylindrical body 11. Is disposed in the cylinder 11 so as to penetrate from the peripheral surface. FIG. 3F is configured such that the extension nozzle portion 12 can be expanded and contracted, and the position at which the hot water is ejected can be adjusted in the vertical direction.

  In FIG. 4A, a branching portion 23 for branching the flow path into a plurality (two in this case) is attached to the lower end of the cylindrical body 11. In FIG.4 (b), the curved cylinder 24 for changing the discharge direction of the fluid to a horizontal direction is provided in the lower end of the cylinder 11 (The cylinder 11 and the extension nozzle do not necessarily need to be a straight tube). . In FIG.4 (c), the taper cylinder 25 with which an internal diameter becomes small is provided in the lower end (front-end | tip) of the extension nozzle part 12 toward a lower end. The cylinder 11 is a straight cylinder that extends straight in the vertical direction (the cylinder 11 can be changed in shape or the like shown in FIGS. 3A to 3F). FIG. 4D shows a configuration in which hot water from the extended nozzle portion 12 is branched into a plurality (three in the figure) and supplied into the cylindrical body 11. Specifically, two three-way joints 26A are connected to the horizontal pipe 12a of the extending nozzle portion 12, and the vertical pipes 26B are connected to the lower connection ports of the three-way joints 26A and 26A, respectively. An L-shaped joint 26C is connected to the end, and a vertical pipe 26D is connected to the lower connection port of the L-shaped joint 26C. In FIG. 4 (e), a pair of upper and lower extended nozzle portions 12A and 12B are arranged to supply hot water to the cylindrical body 11 from two upper and lower locations. Each extending nozzle portion 12A or 12B includes a horizontal pipe 12a extending in the horizontal direction, an L-shaped joint 12b connected to the horizontal pipe 12a to change the flow of fluid downward from the horizontal pipe 12a, and the L-shaped joint 12b. And a vertical pipe 12c extending in the vertical direction for discharging fluid downward.

  FIG. 5 shows a case where a plurality of cylinders 11 are provided. FIG. 5A shows a configuration in which three cylindrical bodies 11, 11, 11 having the same length are provided side by side and hot water is branched and supplied thereto. Since the configuration for branching the hot water is the same as that in FIG. 4D, the same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted. In FIG. 5B, two vertically-oriented cylinders 11 and 11 having the same length in the vertical position are arranged, and the cylinders 28 shorter than the cylinders 11 and 11 are arranged in a horizontal attitude. (Here, the short cylinder 28 is shown, but it need not be short). In this case, the configuration in which the extended nozzle portion 12 is extended in the horizontal direction and branched and supplied from the extended nozzle portion 12 to the two cylinders 11 and 11 is the same as that in FIG. Two three-way joints 26A and 26A are connected to 12a, and a vertical pipe 26B is connected to each of the lower connection ports of the three-way joints 26A and 26A. FIG. 5C shows a case where four cylinders 30, 31, 32, 33 having different lengths are arranged. Further, the cylindrical body 33 located on the right side has an inner diameter larger than the inner diameters of the other cylindrical bodies 30, 31 and 32. In this case, three three-way joints 26A, 26A, and 26A are connected to the horizontal pipe 12a of the extended nozzle portion 12, and a vertical pipe 26B is connected to each of the lower connection ports of the three-way joints 26A, 26A, and 26A. doing. In addition, since the connection structure of the terminal of the horizontal pipe | tube 12a of the extension nozzle part 12 is the same as Fig.5 (a), it attaches | subjects the same code | symbol and abbreviate | omits description. In FIG. 5 (d), a plurality (two in the figure) of cylinders 11, 11 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction, and a pair of upper and lower extensions shown in FIG. The hot water is supplied from the outlet nozzle portions 12A and 12B. The pair of upper and lower extension nozzle portions 12A and 12B is as described with reference to FIG.

  In the above-described embodiment, the cylindrical body 11 is arranged so that the axial direction of the cylindrical body 11 matches (fits) in the vertical direction, but may be arranged horizontally so as to match (fit) the horizontal direction, or in an oblique direction. You may arrange | position so that it may correspond. In short, the direction of the cylinder 11 can be freely changed. In the embodiment, hot water (fluid) is supplied from above the cylinder 11 and warm water (fluid) is discharged from below. However, hot water (fluid) is supplied from below and hot water (fluid) is discharged from above. May be.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the tank coil type heat exchanger was shown, other types of heat exchangers, such as a tank jacket type, a multi-tube cylindrical type, a multiple cylinder type, may be sufficient.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the heat exchanger to heat was shown, it is applicable also to the heat exchanger to cool. Further, in FIG. 6A, steam (steam) as fluid from the extended nozzle portion 12 extended from the supply pipe 6 into the cylindrical body 11 provided in the container 4 in which water W as liquid is accommodated. The heat exchanger which supplies water and heats the water in the container 4 is shown. Since the specific structure of the extending nozzle portion 12 other than supplying steam from below is the same as that in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted. A hole 14 is formed over the entire length of the cylinder 11. Moreover, this invention is applicable besides heat exchangers. For example, as shown in FIG. 6B, extended nozzles respectively extended from the two supply pipes 6A and 6B into the two cylinders 11 and 11 provided in the container 4 in which the fluid W is accommodated. A publishing mechanism that stirs the fluid in the container 4 by supplying air (air) as fluid from the portions 12A and 12B is shown. The specific configurations of the extending nozzle portions 12A and 12B other than supplying air from below are the same as those in FIG. 1, and thus the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted. In FIG. 6C, the two supply pipes 6A and 6B are respectively extended into two cylindrical bodies 11 and 11 in a horizontal posture provided in a container 4 in which a fluid (liquid) W is accommodated. In addition, a stirrer is illustrated in which fluid (gas or liquid) is supplied from the straight and horizontal extending nozzle portions 12A and 12B to stir the fluid (liquid) in the container 4. 6 (a), 6 (b), and 6 (c) shows a type in which the upper end is opened, not the type in which the upper end is closed as shown in FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vaporizer, 2 ... Tank coil type heat exchanger, 3 ... Boiler device, 4 ... Container, 5 ... Heat transfer pipe, 5A, 5B, 5C ... Coil heat transfer pipe, 6, 6A, 6B ... Supply pipe, 7 ... Derivation Pipe, 8, 9 ... Piping, 10 ... Inside space, 11 ... Cylinder, 11A, 11B ... Opening part, 11a ... Expanded diameter part, 11b ... Expanded part, 12,12A, 12B ... Extension nozzle part, 13 ... Lid, 14 ... hole, 15 ... pump, 16 ... boiler, 18 ... pressure gauge, 19 ... flow meter, 20 ... lid, 21 ... hole, 22 ... bulge, 23 ... branch, 24 ... curved cylinder, 25 ... Tapered cylinder, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33 ... cylinder

Claims (4)

A container for containing a fluid, a supply pipe for supplying a fluid for stirring the fluid in the container into the container, an opening formed at one end and the opening at the other end. And a fluid guiding cylinder configured to be able to discharge the fluid that has entered through the opening, and the fluid flows into the cylinder so that the fluid flows from the opening to the other end of the cylinder in the container. Extending an extension nozzle portion for supplying from the supply pipe,
The cylinder is
Opening at one end together with the extended nozzle part,
By supplying fluid from the extended nozzle portion to the cylinder through the opening, an ejector is formed in which the fluid around the cylinder is drawn into the cylinder from the opening,
A heat transfer tube is arranged around the cylinder so as to exchange heat in contact with the fluid discharged from the other end of the cylinder,
The liquefied gas is supplied from one end of the heat transfer tube, and the liquefied gas supplied from one end is discharged from the other end of the heat transfer tube to the outside of the container,
A fluid is supplied from one end side of the cylindrical body to one end side of the heat transfer tube to vaporize the liquefied gas in the heat transfer tube, and the vaporized liquefied gas moves to the other end side of the heat transfer tube. A heat exchanger characterized by that.   The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical body is configured to flow a fluid in the cylindrical body in a radially outward direction.   The end of the other end side is closed, and the cylinder is constituted so that fluid in the cylinder may flow out in the diameter outward direction. Heat exchanger.   The end of the other end of the cylinder is closed, and a number of holes for discharging fluid out of the cylinder are formed in the peripheral surface of the other end. Item 4. The heat exchanger according to any one of Items 1 to 3.

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