JP5766926B2 - Quay crane - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a quay crane used for container handling at a port or an inland container terminal.

  At container terminals such as harbors and inland areas, containers between ships, railways and trailers are handled by quay cranes and portal cranes. As an earthquake countermeasure for this quay crane, there is a seismic isolation crane in which a seismic isolation device is installed between the leg structure of the crane and the traveling device (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 6 shows a crane having a seismic isolation device. The crane 1X includes a leg structure 20 constituted by a sea side leg 21 and a land side leg 22, and a boom 24 and a girder 25 supported by the leg structure 20. Further, a seismic isolation device 2X is provided between the leg structure 20 and the traveling device 23. Reference numeral 26 denotes a cargo handling device (trolley), 27 denotes a container ship, and 28 denotes a container. Further, the x-axis direction indicates the transverse direction of the crane (sea and land direction), and z indicates the vertical direction.

  Next, the cargo handling operation by the crane 1X will be described. The crane 1X performs a cargo handling operation in which a container 28 mounted on a container ship 27 is lifted by a trolley 26 and mounted on a trailer (not shown) waiting on a quay. Alternatively, the crane 1X performs a cargo handling operation of loading the container 28 from the trailer onto the container ship 27. In this loading / unloading work, the crane 1X is moved along the quay (in the rear or front direction in FIG. 6) by the traveling device 23, and is performing the loading / unloading work while changing the position of unloading or loading.

  Next, the operation of the crane 1X when an earthquake occurs will be described. When an earthquake occurs, the shear pin or the like that has fixed the seismic isolation device 2X breaks, and the seismic isolation device 2X operates. The seismic isolation device 2X has an effect of insulating the crane 1X from the vibration of the ground surface. The seismic isolation device 2X is required to support the weight of the crane and be deformed in the horizontal direction (for example, the transverse direction x).

  The seismic isolation device 2X will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7A shows a side view of the seismic isolation device 2X in a normal state. The seismic isolation device 2 </ b> X includes a laminated rubber 3 in which rubber materials and steel plates are alternately laminated, a top plate 5, and a bottom plate 6. FIG. 7B shows a state where the top plate side projection and the bottom plate side projection in the plan view of the laminated rubber 3 are completely overlapped. That is, the laminated rubber 3 supports the weight of the crane in the support region S indicated by the hatched portion. In addition, C has shown the centerline of the seismic isolation apparatus 2X. Moreover, the diameter in the plane of the laminated rubber 3 is about 400 to 700 mm.

FIG. 8A shows a side view of the seismic isolation device 2X when an earthquake occurs. The laminated rubber 3 is deformed by an external force F1 (earthquake force). Figure 8B, illustrates a state where a part of the top plate side projection S _T and a bottom plate-side projection S _B are overlapped. The laminated rubber 3 substantially supports the weight of the crane in a support region S indicated by oblique lines. That is, in order to support the weight of the crane with the seismic isolation device 2X, it is necessary to secure a certain area of the support region S. In addition, L1 has shown the slide length of the seismic isolation apparatus 2X. The slide length L1 is about 300 mm at the maximum. The conventional quay crane 1X has a seismic isolation effect by the seismic isolation device 2X. Also, C _T is the ceiling plate-side center line, C _B represents the bottom plate side centerline.

As a result of the May 2006 harbor law revision, the quay and crane earthquake resistance evaluation standards were changed, and depending on the location, the horizontal deformation amount in the sea-land direction that the crane should absorb may be required to be about ± 1000 mm. It was. In dealing with this standard, the crane 1X equipped with the seismic isolation device 2X has several problems.

First, when a rubber material having a small spring constant, that is, a soft rubber material is used to increase the horizontal displacement, the top plate side projection _ST and the bottom plate side projection S of the laminated rubber 3 are normally used as shown in FIG. 7B. _{Even when B} completely overlaps, the laminated rubber has a problem that the vertical load capacity of the laminated rubber is small and the crane's own weight cannot be supported.

Second, if you increase the height of the laminated rubber corresponds to a large horizontal displacement, the top plate side projection S _T and a bottom plate-side projection S _B of the laminated rubber 3 is made to completely displaced, the vertical load by a crane to its own weight Has the problem of not being able to support. This state will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9A shows a side view of the seismic isolation device 2X when a large-scale earthquake occurs. Figure 9B, shows the state where the top plate side projection S _T and a bottom plate-side projection S _B do not overlap at all. When a large-scale earthquake occurs, the external force F2 increases, and accordingly, the slide length L2 increases (for example, 300 mm or more), and the support region S is not formed. Therefore, the seismic isolation device 2X cannot support the weight of the crane, and the overturning moment M is generated in the seismic isolation device 2X. That is, the seismic isolation device 2X cannot cope with a large-scale earthquake.

Thirdly, when the diameter of the laminated rubber 3 is increased, the laminated rubber 3 is designed by limiting the vertical load resistance during an earthquake. Has the problem of becoming. FIG. 10 shows a seismic isolation device 2Y having a laminated rubber 3Y whose diameter is increased. The seismic isolation device 2Y is, even if a horizontal displacement during large-scale earthquake (slide length L2), to obtain a top plate-side projection S _T and a bottom plate-side projection S _B overlap portions (support areas S) As a result, the vertical load due to the crane's own weight can be supported and no overturning moment is generated.

However, it is necessary to select the laminated rubber 3Y so that the vertical load due to the crane's own weight can be supported only by the area (support region S) where the top plate side projection and the bottom plate side projection overlap. Vertical load bearing cases normal, i.e. the top plate side projection S _T and a bottom plate-side projection S _B coincide completely becomes a 3-5 times the vertical load by crane to its own weight is very wasteful design.

  Fourth, even if the diameter of the laminated rubber is increased, there is a problem that the seismic isolation device becomes large and the weight of the crane increases. This is because the weight of the rubber material and the steel plate is increased by increasing the diameter of the laminated rubber. Since the crane has a large restriction on the weight increase due to the relationship with the strength of the quay, even if the above-described seismic isolation device can be configured, it is difficult to employ the crane at a container terminal such as a harbor.

JP 2001-335282 A

  This invention is made | formed in view of said problem, The objective is to provide the quay crane which can respond to a large-scale earthquake in the quay crane which has the seismic isolation apparatus comprised with the laminated rubber. In particular, it is to provide a quay crane having a seismic isolation device having a slide length of ± 1000 mm or more.

The quay crane according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a quay crane having a seismic isolation device, wherein the seismic isolation device is formed by laminating a steel plate and a rubber material, an auxiliary support mechanism, A top plate and a bottom plate, and when the top plate moves horizontally with respect to the bottom plate, the auxiliary support mechanism is placed on the top plate or a contact plate installed on the top plate, on the bottom plate side. Support the fixed support body so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, receive the load of the quay crane, or when the top plate moves horizontally with respect to the bottom plate, to the support body fixed to the bottom plate side, The top plate or a contact plate installed on the top plate is supported so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, receives the load of the quay crane, and when the top plate is not horizontally moved with respect to the bottom plate, the support Body and said When the slide length of the seismic isolation device is increased, the auxiliary support mechanism replaces the laminated rubber with the weight of the quay crane. It is characterized by being configured to support all of the above.

  With this configuration, the quay crane can obtain a sufficient seismic isolation effect against a large-scale earthquake. This is because the auxiliary support mechanism can support a part or all of the weight of the crane when an earthquake occurs. That is, even when the laminated rubber is deformed to a state where it cannot exhibit the load bearing performance, the seismic isolation device can support the weight of the quay crane, so that it is possible to prevent an accident such as a fall.

Moreover, the manufacturing cost of a seismic isolation apparatus can be suppressed by this structure. This is because the auxiliary support mechanism only needs to have a strength capable of supporting the weight of the quay crane only when an earthquake occurs.
And said quay crane has a link mechanism which restrains the deformation | transformation of the traveling direction of the said seismic isolation apparatus provided between the top plate and bottom plate of the said seismic isolation apparatus.

  In the above quay crane, the support body is at least one of a roller-type support body having a cylindrical rotary surface, a spherical support body having a spherical rotary body, or a slide-type support body having a slide surface. It is characterized by comprising. With this configuration, the same effects as described above can be obtained.

  In the above quay crane, the auxiliary support mechanism includes a contact plate whose longitudinal direction is the transverse direction of the quay crane, and the roller type support body arranged on an extension line of the contact plate. To do. With this configuration, the same effects as described above can be obtained.

  The quay crane according to the present invention can provide a quay crane that can cope with a large-scale earthquake in a quay crane having a seismic isolation device made of laminated rubber. In particular, a quay crane having a seismic isolation device having a slide length of ± 1000 mm or more can be provided.

It is the figure which showed the seismic isolation apparatus of the quay crane of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the seismic isolation apparatus of the quay crane of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the seismic isolation apparatus of the quay crane of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the seismic isolation apparatus of the quay crane of different embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the seismic isolation apparatus of the quay crane of different embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the outline of the conventional quay crane. It is the figure which showed the conventional seismic isolation apparatus. It is the figure which showed the conventional seismic isolation apparatus. It is the figure which showed the conventional seismic isolation apparatus. It is the figure which showed the seismic isolation apparatus which enlarged the diameter of laminated rubber.

Hereinafter, a quay crane according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a seismic isolation device 2 of a quay crane 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The seismic isolation device 2 includes a laminated rubber 3 in which rubber materials and steel plates are alternately laminated, an auxiliary support mechanism 4A, a top plate 5, and a bottom plate 6. This auxiliary support mechanism 4A has a roller-type support 7A (support 7) installed on the bottom plate side and a contact plate 8 installed on the top plate side. The auxiliary support mechanism 4A may be configured by installing a roller-type support 7A on the top plate 5 side and a contact plate 8 on the bottom plate 6 side. Further, the deformation of the seismic isolation device 2 in the traveling direction y (the traveling direction of the crane) is restricted by the installation of the link mechanism 9 and the like.

FIG. 2A shows a side view of the seismic isolation device 2 in a normal state. In Figure 2B, the top plate side projection S _T and a bottom plate-side projection S _B overlap completely, showing a state of supporting the weight of the crane 1 in the support region S. At this time, the roller-type support 7A and the contact plate 8 constituting the auxiliary support mechanism 4A are not in contact with each other. Alternatively, it is desirable that no load is applied to the roller support 7A and the contact plate 8 even if they are in contact. C indicates the center line of the seismic isolation device 2.

  FIG. 3A shows a side view of the seismic isolation device 2 when a large-scale earthquake occurs. FIG. 3B shows a state in which the support region S is not formed because the slide length L2 of the seismic isolation device 2 is increased due to the occurrence of a large-scale earthquake. At this time, the weight of the crane 1 is supported by the auxiliary support mechanism 4 </ b> A configured by the roller type support body 7 </ b> A and the contact plate 8.

  Next, the operation of the seismic isolation device 2 will be described. In the seismic isolation device 2, the roller-type support 7A and the contact plate 8 are not in contact with each other at normal times (see FIG. 2). In the seismic isolation device 2, when the top plate 5 moves relative to the bottom plate 6 when an earthquake occurs, the roller-type support 7A and the contact plate 8 come into contact with each other. At this time, the laminated rubber 3 and the auxiliary support mechanism 4A (the roller-type support 7A and the contact plate 8) support the weight of the crane 1. Furthermore, when the slide length of the top plate 5 increases, the auxiliary support mechanism 4A supports the entire weight of the crane (see FIG. 3).

  With the above configuration, the following operational effects can be obtained. 1stly, even if it is a seismic isolation apparatus which has the laminated rubber of the diameter similar to the past, sufficient seismic isolation effect can be acquired with respect to a large-scale earthquake. This is because the auxiliary support mechanism 7A (the roller-type support 7A and the contact plate 8) supports the weight of the crane 1 instead of the laminated rubber 3 when a large-scale earthquake occurs. Therefore, the occurrence of the falling moment M can be prevented.

  Secondly, the seismic isolation device 2 having a long slide length L is provided at a low cost by a configuration in which no load is applied to the roller-type support 7A and the contact plate 8 constituting the auxiliary support mechanism 4A. Can do. This is because the auxiliary support mechanism 4A may be strong enough to support the load of the crane 1 only during an earthquake. In addition, maintenance costs can be reduced. This is because the auxiliary support mechanism 4A does not take up the weight of the crane 1 during normal operation, and the deterioration and damage of the roller support 7 and the contact plate 8 can be minimized, and the inspection and replacement work can be easily performed. .

Note that the roller type support 7 </ b> A may be brought into contact with the top plate 5 or the bottom plate 6 without installing the contact plate 8.

  FIG. 4 shows a seismic isolation device 2B for a quay crane according to another embodiment of the present invention. The auxiliary support mechanism 4B of the seismic isolation device 2B is configured to use the support body 7 as the spherical support body 7B and the top plate 5 as the contact plate 8. The spherical supports 7B are installed in the transverse direction x and the traveling direction y of the laminated rubber 3, respectively. In addition, the seismic isolation device 2B does not restrain the transverse direction x by the link mechanism 9 or the like. That is, the laminated rubber 3 can be freely deformed in the transverse direction x and the traveling direction y.

When an earthquake occurs, the top plate 5 moves with respect to the bottom plate 6, and the contact plate 8 (top plate 5) and the spherical support 7B come into contact with each other due to this movement. At this time, the weight of the crane 1 is supported by the auxiliary support mechanism 4B configured by the contact plate 8 (top plate 5) and the spherical support 7B. With this configuration, the crane 1 can obtain a seismic isolation effect against vibration in the traveling direction y in addition to vibration in the transverse direction x. The contact plate 8 may be installed on the top plate 5. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which installs the spherical surface support body 7B in the top plate 5 side.

  FIG. 5 shows a seismic isolation device 2C for a quay crane according to another embodiment of the present invention. The auxiliary support mechanism 4 </ b> C of the seismic isolation device 2 </ b> C is configured to use the support 7 as a sliding support 7 </ b> C and the top plate 5 as a contact plate 8. The sliding support 7C includes a sliding member 11 made of a resin such as nylon. The sliding support 7C is disposed so as to come into contact when the contact plate 8 (top plate 5) moves in the transverse direction x and the traveling direction y. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, it can comprise so that the contact plate 8 (top plate 5) may be enclosed. Further, similarly to the spherical support 7B shown in FIG. 4, they may be arranged in the transverse direction x and the traveling direction y, respectively. With this configuration, the seismic isolation device 2C can obtain the same effects as the seismic isolation device 2B using the spherical support 7B.

  As described above, the seismic isolation device 2 includes the case where the support body 7 (the roller-type support body 7A, the spherical surface support body 7B, and the sliding support body 7C) and the contact plate 8 (the top plate 5 or the bottom plate 6) are used. With the configuration in which the auxiliary support mechanism 4 having) is installed, the seismic isolation crane 1 that can cope with a large-scale earthquake can be provided. In addition, the seismic isolation device 2 can be installed not only between the traveling device 23 of the quay crane 1 and the leg structure 20 but also at an intermediate point of the leg structure 20 or the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Quay crane, crane 2, 2A, 2B, 2C Seismic isolation device 3 Laminated rubber 4, 4A, 4B, 4C Auxiliary support mechanism 5 Top plate 6 Bottom plate 7 Support body 7A Roller type support body 7B Spherical support body 7C Sliding support Body 8 Contact plate

Claims (4)

In quay cranes with seismic isolation devices,
The seismic isolation device is configured to have a laminated rubber formed by laminating a steel plate and a rubber material, an auxiliary support mechanism, a top plate, and a bottom plate,
The auxiliary support mechanism;
When the top plate moves horizontally with respect to the bottom plate, a support body fixed on the bottom plate side is supported on the top plate or a contact plate installed on the top plate so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, and the quay crane Or receive a load of
Or, when the top plate moves horizontally with respect to the bottom plate, the support plate fixed to the bottom plate side supports the top plate or the contact plate installed on the top plate so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, While receiving the load of the quay crane,
When the top plate does not move horizontally with respect to the bottom plate, it is configured so that no load is applied between the support and the contact plate,
A quay crane, wherein the auxiliary support mechanism supports all of the weight of the quay crane instead of the laminated rubber when the seismic isolation device slide length is increased.   2. The quay crane according to claim 1, further comprising a link mechanism that restrains deformation in a traveling direction of the seismic isolation device provided between a top plate and a bottom plate of the seismic isolation device.   The support is composed of at least one of a roller-type support having a cylindrical rotating surface, a spherical support having a spherical rotating body, or a sliding support having a sliding surface. The quay crane according to claim 1 or 2.   The said auxiliary | assistant support mechanism has the contact plate from which the transverse direction of the said quay crane becomes a longitudinal direction, and the said roller type support body arrange | positioned on the extension line | wire of the said contact plate. Quay crane.

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