JP5763286B2 - 閉塞した生物学的管を開通するためのシステムと方法 - Google Patents
閉塞した生物学的管を開通するためのシステムと方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5763286B2 JP5763286B2 JP2001524955A JP2001524955A JP5763286B2 JP 5763286 B2 JP5763286 B2 JP 5763286B2 JP 2001524955 A JP2001524955 A JP 2001524955A JP 2001524955 A JP2001524955 A JP 2001524955A JP 5763286 B2 JP5763286 B2 JP 5763286B2
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- collagen
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Description
米国政府は本発明に一定の権利を有する。
1.産業上の利用分野
本発明は、閉塞した生物学的管を開通する方法に関する。本発明の好ましい方法は、閉塞組織の細胞外マトリックスを溶解するために治療薬、特にプロテアーゼの局所送達を利用して、閉塞した生物学的管を開通する方法とシステムを含む。
生物学的管に対する閉塞は、移植、グラフトまたはその他の外科的手技によって生じ得る管に対する外傷によることが多く、閉塞組織の細胞外マトリックスは主としてコラーゲンを含む。バルーン血管形成術は、狭窄または狭窄症閉塞に対する一般的な初期治療であり、優れた初期成績が得られる(Pauletto, Clinical Science(1994) 87:467~79)。しかし、この拡張法は閉塞組織を除去しない。この方法は、管腔を伸展させて開通し、その外傷が複数の強力なサイトカインおよび増殖因子の放出を来たし、管腔への細胞遊走とさらに多くの細胞外マトリックスの合成といった別の一連の細胞増殖を誘発する損傷を来たすおそれがある。その結果、バルーン血管形成術はほぼ全例の患者で再狭窄が生じる(Pauletto, Clinical Science, (1994) 87:467~79)。現在、長期にわたる開存性を維持できる治療法はない。
本願発明者は現在、生物学的管、例えば哺乳類脈管構造における閉塞を緩和するための新たな方法とシステムを発見した。本発明の方法には、好ましくは閉塞組織の細胞外マトリックス、特にコラーゲンおよび/またはエラスチンをイン・ビボ(in vivo)分解可能な治療薬を閉塞部位に投与することを含む。本発明の好ましい方法には、(コラーゲンおよび/またはエラスチンなど)重要な細胞外マトリックス成分を分解し得る酵素または酵素混合物を閉塞部に投与し、その結果、閉塞組織が可溶化しあるいはその他の除去に至る。
本発明は、細胞外マトリックス成分を分解させ得る治療薬を導入し、これによって狭窄した生物学的管の再開通を容易にする方法を提供する。特に本発明は、閉塞した生物学的管に、コラーゲンおよび/またはエラスチンを分解する治療薬の導入を提供する。本発明はさらに、生物学的管に、好ましくは管の隔離部分に治療薬を導入することにより生物学的管を拡張する方法を提供する。
1)i)候補治療薬およびii)対照(例えば、候補作用物質を加えない賦形薬)を用いて比較可能な哺乳類の組織検体に接触させ、適切には候補作用物質0.1mgを組織検体0.5mlに接触させ、そして
2)候補作用物質による組織検体の消化を検出し、対照と比較する。消化は、例えば顕微鏡分析によって適切に評価してよい。組織消化は37℃の水浴で実施するのが適切である。組織検体として新鮮なブタの腱が適切に採用するのが適切である。組織検体を切除し、断裁し、洗浄し、乾燥して水を切り、重量計測し、個々の腱切片を中性pHのHEPES緩衝液3.58mg/mlに浮遊させてよい。このプロトコルに関する詳細な考察については後述の実施例1を参照のこと。工程1)および2)を含むこのようなイン・ビトロ(in vitro)プロトコルは、本願明細書では「標準的なイン・ビトロ(in vitro)組織消化検定」または類似の表現で記載する。
以下の実施例のプロトコルは、本明細書において参照した「標準的なイン・ビトロ(in vitro)組織消化検定」の詳細な記述である。
組織消化速度への酵素濃度の影響を検討した(図3)。「1x」組織試料を、コラゲナーゼ 156マンデル単位/ml+エラスターゼ 0.125mg/ml+トリプシン阻害物質 038mg/mgで処理した。「2x」試料を、コラゲナーゼ 312マンデル単位/ml+エラスターゼ 0.25mg/ml+トリプシン阻害物質 0.76mg/mlで処理した。「5x」試料を、コラゲナーゼ 780マンデル単位/ml+エラスターゼ 0.625mg/ml+トリプシン阻害物質 1.9mg/mlで処理した。消化用体積はすべて0.5mlであった。イン・ビトロ(in vitro)の酵素濃度を増すと、組織消化の速度が増加した(図3)。緩衝液のみでは、組織に影響がなかった。イン・ビボ(in vivo)の効果的適用量は10,000ABC単位であると判明した。
「35%のオムニパーク」組織試料は、オムニパーク350造影剤を35%(体積:体積)含む、コラゲナーゼ 156マンデル単位/ml+エラスターゼ 0.125mg/ml+トリプシン阻害物質 0.38で処理した。「5%のオムニパーク」試料は、オムニパーク350を5%(体積:体積)含む、コラゲナーゼ 312マンデル単位/ml+エラスターゼ 0.25mg/ml+トリプシン阻害物質 0.76で処理した。「1%のオムニパーク」試料は、オムニパーク350を1%含む、コラゲナーゼ 312マンデル単位/ml+エラスターゼ 0.25のmg/ml+トリプシン阻害物質 0.76で処理した。消化用体積はすべて0.5mlであった。これらの結果は、オムニパーク350でヨウ素化した増感剤は、X線写真撮影で見ることのできる濃度(35%)で酵素活性を抑制するが、より低い濃度(1〜5%)では抑制しないことを示している(図4)。同様の結果がHypaque60増感剤で認められた。
イヌに正常な肋骨下開腹術を行い、胆嚢を露出させ、ついで、それを11匹のイヌ(n=11)の前方腹壁に貼り付けた。2週間後に、胆嚢アクセスを通して設置した電気凝固チップをもつカテーテルを使って総胆管(CBD)に1個の局所的熱傷を作った。7匹のイヌに4.8Frの胆管ステントを入れて、胆管の完全閉鎖を防いだ。5週間にわたって、経皮胆道造影法で狭窄の発生をモニターした。ついで、インフィルトレーター(Infiltrator)薬剤送達カテーテルを用いて狭窄したCBDの壁にコラゲナーゼを注ぎ込んだ(n=3)。該インフィルトレーターは、360度の表面の上に管壁を広げかつ管壁に入っているバルーンの上にマウントした3列の微量注入器ニードルを持つ。処置後、プラスチック製内部ステントを2匹の動物に入れた。翌日、CBDの移植片を得た。組織病理学的分析のために、ヘマトキシリン・エオシン染色、トリクローム染色およびエラスチン染色を用いた。
大きいイヌを患者として使い、全身麻酔下で、胆嚢フィステル形成管を作り、胆嚢を保持縫合で腹壁に「留めた」。解剖学的構造を確定するために、マーカーカテーテルを用いてHypaque−60で胆管造影を行った。ついで、双極電極先端をもつ軟性カテーテルを以前に記載されているようにして作製した(ベッカー、Radiology(1988年)167巻63〜8頁)。このカテーテルを胆嚢(図5)を通して挿入し、その「熱い」先端(矢印)を遠位の総胆管に置き、カテーテルを引き戻し、該胆管の1.0cmが損傷を受けるまで処置を繰り返した(図6)。電流を供給した直後に、おそらく痙攣または浮腫によって、管の処置されたセグメント(矢印)が中程度の滑らかな狭まりを起こした。ついで、ピッグテール腎フィステル形成用ドレナージカテーテルを新しい胆嚢切開管を通して胆嚢に挿入した。遠心端をIVキャップで閉じ、皮下組織内に埋めた。ついで手術創を2層において閉じた。
標準の、テーパーを付けていない直径5mmのポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PFTE)輪状移植片を、以前に記載された方法(トレロトーラ(Trerotola)、J.、Vascular and Interventional Radiology(1995年)6巻387〜96頁)で、25〜35kgのイヌの後ろ脚の大腿動脈と大腿静脈の間に挿入した。狭窄処置中の、カテーテルドラッグデリバリーバルーンの最適位置決めを容易にするために、エンドツーエンド配置を選択した。動脈内の血液流入、動脈-移植片吻合、静脈-移植片吻合および静脈内の排出流を評価するために、手術の1週間後に標準のカットフィルム血管造影を行う。この後、開通性をスクリーニングするために、移植片の所定の理学的検査を行う。手術の20週間後に、移植片の内腔直径およびそれらの静脈の血液排出流を評価するために、標準のカットフィルム血管造影を行った。この時点で、内膜過形成による狭窄が、関連する圧力勾配のともなった静脈内の血液排出流において認められる(トレロトーラ、J.、Vascular and Interventional Radiology(1995年)6巻387〜96頁)。ついで、最初のイヌを用いて、治療用送達カテーテルを移植片の中に配置し、0.5ml中にコラゲナーゼ5000ABC単位の入った液を静脈の血液排出部位で損傷の壁に浸潤させる。カテーテルをフラッシュし、反対側の損傷が同一方法で送られた食塩溶液1mlを受ける。ほとんど全てのコラゲナーゼ活性は、1〜2日後に消失し、3日後には移植片を血管造影法で再検査する。内腔直径の繰り返し計測と損傷部全体の侵襲的圧力計測も行う。イヌを屠殺し、移植片を剥離し、圧を一定にして、組織学的に検査する。遠位の移植片、静脈の吻合、処置した損傷の中央部分、損傷端、および移植片からの通常の静脈内血流(vein downstream)の評価を行う。1)細胞の種類、形態および数、2)細胞間マトリックスの範囲、3)全体的な外膜、中間膜および内膜の厚さ、4)内膜過形成の範囲、5)内皮化の範囲の追加的評価を行う。
Claims (6)
- 生物学的管の径を拡張するために十分な用量で、それを必要とするヒト対象の生物学的管の壁部への局所投与用薬として使用するためのエラスターゼを含有する医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬が前記生物学的管の壁部内に直接投与される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記生物学的管が閉塞されている、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬がカテーテルによって投与される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬が膵エラスターゼを含有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記生物学的管が動脈または静脈である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
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PCT/US2000/026237 WO2001021574A1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-24 | Systems and methods for opening obstructed biological conduits |
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US7063838B1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2006-06-20 | Proteon Therapeutics Llc | Methods for treating an artery or vein in a human subject |
JP2007525423A (ja) * | 2003-02-20 | 2007-09-06 | プロテオン セラピューティクス,インコーポレーテッド | 生体導管の疾患を治療および予防するための方法 |
US20090196865A1 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2009-08-06 | Proteon Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods for the treatment and prevention of diseases of biological conduits |
US10071143B1 (en) | 2007-05-03 | 2018-09-11 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Methods for non-surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome |
US8501449B2 (en) | 2007-12-04 | 2013-08-06 | Proteon Therapeutics, Inc. | Recombinant elastase proteins and methods of manufacturing and use thereof |
DK2802652T3 (da) | 2012-01-12 | 2019-07-15 | Endo Global Ventures | Clostridium histolyticum enzym |
WO2014066622A2 (en) | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-01 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Use of collagenase to treat glaucoma |
JP7558654B2 (ja) | 2017-03-01 | 2024-10-01 | エンド ベンチャーズ アンリミテッド カンパニー | セルライトを評価及び処置するための装置及び方法 |
KR20240001279A (ko) | 2017-03-28 | 2024-01-03 | 엔도 벤쳐즈 리미티드 | 개선된 콜라게나제 생성 방법 |
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JPH0286777A (ja) * | 1988-09-22 | 1990-03-27 | Sankyo Co Ltd | サル膵臓エラスターゼi |
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AU5045690A (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1990-08-24 | Immunolytics, Inc. | Composition and method for treating benign prostatic hypertrophy |
US5328470A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1994-07-12 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Treatment of diseases by site-specific instillation of cells or site-specific transformation of cells and kits therefor |
NL8900943A (nl) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-11-01 | Euro Biopharm Technology B V | Protease inhibitor. |
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ATE354638T1 (de) * | 1994-12-13 | 2007-03-15 | Human Genome Sciences Inc | Menschlicher gewebsinhibitor von metalloproteinase-4 |
US5830468A (en) * | 1995-05-17 | 1998-11-03 | The New York Blood Center, Inc. | Fibrin(ogen) degradation by fibrinolytic matrix metalloproteinase |
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