JP5746589B2 - Road bodies and infrastructure facilities - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a road body that constitutes a road such as an elevated structure or a three-dimensional intersection, and an infrastructure facility equipped with the road body, and in particular, a road body that can change its use in an abnormal time when a tsunami or the like attacks. The present invention relates to infrastructure equipment including road bodies.

  The Sumatra offshore earthquake that occurred in December 2004 in the Indian Ocean off the northwest coast of Sumatra, western Indonesia, and the Tohoku region offshore Pacific Ocean earthquake in March 2011 that occurred off the coast of Sanriku in Japan caused a major earthquake. A tsunami has occurred, many lives have been lost, and socio-economic loss has been enormous.

  As a measure to secure at least human life against such a tsunami, the government and local governments are currently discussing the construction of hills on the coastline.

  And in patent document 1 which is a prior art, the technique concerning a float type tsunami refuge is disclosed, More specifically, the support | pillar driven into the ground, the refuge provided in the ground part of the support | pillar, The tsunami shelter is composed of a float that can float the refuge on the sea surface, and has a configuration in which the refuge rises along the support column by the buoyancy of the float.

  Thus, by providing a float type tsunami refuge on the coastline, for example, it is possible to rescue many lives against a large tsunami generated by a large-scale earthquake such as the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake. However, large-scale earthquakes that cause large tsunamis occur once every few hundred years, and in the event of natural disasters such as tsunamis, storm surges, and heavy rains that occur outside large-scale earthquakes, this float-type tsunami shelter However, considering that the use during normal times is not considered at all, it has a big problem in terms of cost effectiveness based on construction costs and maintenance costs, and their usability and economy. Yes.

  In addition, in the large tsunami described above, the height can be higher than the expected height, but in the configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1, the evacuation platform rises along the support column due to the buoyancy of the float, the height is higher than expected. There is a fatal problem that the refuge can not perform its function against the great tsunami.

  Based on the above, it is possible to fully perform its functions during so-called abnormal situations such as large tsunamis and floods caused by earthquakes, and it can be used effectively even during normal times. Facility development is desired. Here, regarding the function of the evacuation facility in the event of an abnormality, it is possible to rescue human lives regardless of the height of a large tsunami, especially for a large tsunami whose height cannot be specified. The main function is to be able to.

  In addition, in emergency evacuation, it is extremely important that children and adults with the elderly and infants can reach the evacuation facility as quickly as possible. An element that is

JP 2006-112089 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and can be accessed as quickly as possible even in an abnormal situation such as a large tsunami where the height cannot be assumed, and it can be surely rescued, and is effective even during normal times. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a road body that serves both as a cost-effective road and a shelter, and an infrastructure facility equipped with the road body.

  In order to achieve the above object, a road body according to the present invention is a road body that is supported on a pier and is released from an engagement posture with a pier when buoyancy is applied. When the water level rises to the top and buoyancy acts, it is disengaged from the pier and becomes a floating body that serves as a refuge from a flood and serves as a refuge.

  The road body of the present invention is used as a road during normal times, and is used as a shelter from flooding during abnormal times. Therefore, it is always intended to be used for construction costs, maintenance costs, utility, and economic efficiency. Is a cost-effective facility based on.

  Here, in the present specification, “abnormal time” refers to the whole of flood damage, and includes tsunamis caused by earthquakes (typically large tsunamis caused by large earthquakes), storm surges, floods caused by heavy rains, and the like. .

  In addition, “road”, which is used during normal times, refers to all elevated roads supported on piers, and connects ordinary motorways, expressways, humanitarian bridges, station buildings, buildings, and buildings. A three-dimensional crossing road can be mentioned.

  The road body of the present invention has an elevated structure supported on the pier, so that the structure of the road body is released from the fixed structure with the pier by the action of buoyancy and becomes a floating body, which allows floating on the water. is there. This means that regardless of the height of the tsunami, regardless of the height of the tsunami, the road body floats as a floating body and can reliably function as a temporary shelter. . And since it takes time until buoyancy acts on the road body due to the elevated structure, it functions as a hill. Therefore, it does not become a floating body for tsunamis of the assumed level, and the shelter. Can function as.

  For example, a plurality of road bodies are supported on a plurality of piers and are connected to each other to form an elevated road, which is used as a roadway or a sidewalk during normal times.

  When the water level rises above the pier and buoyancy acts on the road body in the event of an abnormality such as a large tsunami, the pier is disengaged from the pier and becomes a floating body, which is used as a refuge from flood damage. .

  Here, set bolts etc. are applied as the support structure between the road body and the pier. For example, for normal wind loads, etc., the engagement posture is guaranteed by the set bolts, and set when the abnormal buoyancy is applied. An example of the support structure is such that the bolt can be broken and disengaged.

  However, if the bearing structure is damaged during an earthquake, there is a risk that the road body will drop from the pier before the buoyancy acts due to the rise in water level due to a large tsunami and the like, and the function as a refuge may not be exhibited. Therefore, as the support structure for supporting the road body on the bridge pier, a seismic isolation bearing excellent in earthquake resistance is desirable.

  The specific structure of seismic isolation bearings is diverse, but as an embodiment in which the bearing structure can be easily separated when buoyancy is applied and the disengagement of the bridge pier and road body can be performed smoothly, friction rolling isolation bearings Is preferably applied.

  This friction rolling seismic isolation bearing has a halved structure, and a sphere or an ellipsoid rolls inside a hollow interior that is formed when two divided bodies having a semicircle, semi-elliptical, and a semi-elliptical hollow are assembled inside. It is housed in a movable manner, and each of the two divided bodies is fixed to the lower surface of the road body and the upper surface of the pier. When the horizontal force during an earthquake acts on the pier or road body, a sphere or the like The seismic isolation bearing has a configuration in which the upper and lower divided bodies move horizontally relative to each other while the horizontal force is attenuated by the friction between the sphere and the hollow surface, and the sphere or the like finally settles at the hollow center position. In this seismic isolation bearing, the upper and lower divided bodies can be moved horizontally with each other. For example, both ends are connected by elastic materials such as rubber. When the buoyancy mentioned above is applied, the elastic material breaks and the divided body separates, and the road body separates from the bridge pier and becomes a floating body. It is possible to float on the water as a place.

  Further, the road body has a plane alignment of any one of a straight line, a curve, and a loop, or a combination of these.

  For example, in a road structure in which a straight road in which straight road bodies are connected from three or four directions is connected to a loop road body, when the buoyancy acts on the road structure, the loop road body In addition, a part or all of the straight road body and the curved road body constituting the straight road or the curved road can also be a floating body, and each can form a shelter.

  In particular, in the present invention, a road body that forms a roadway or a sidewalk becomes an evacuation site in the event of an abnormality, so in the case of a roadway, an occupant can get out of the vehicle and quickly evacuate to the nearest road body. Therefore, even a child or an adult with an elderly person or an infant can quickly evacuate to the nearest road body.

  In addition, since the road body becomes a floating body, the road body has a structure having a hollow box in a part thereof or a structure in which the entire road body is a hollow box, thereby ensuring buoyancy. From the viewpoint of

  Moreover, it is preferable that the road body is provided with an impact relaxation member on a part or all of the outer periphery thereof.

  When the road body is floating and floating on the water, even if it collides with piers or other structures, damage to the road body can be suppressed, and further, the impact caused by the collision can be reduced as much as possible. This is because the impact impact given to the evacuated person can be minimized.

  The present invention also extends to an infrastructure facility, which includes a plurality of piers arranged at intervals in the direction of the bridge axis, and the road supported on at least one set of the piers. And an elevated road composed of a body.

  As described above, examples of infrastructure equipment having the above-mentioned road body on at least a part of an elevated road include general automobile roads, expressways, humanitarian bridges, and three-dimensional crossing roads that connect buildings and buildings. be able to. Here, the “bridge axis direction” includes a linear direction, a curved direction, a loop direction, a direction in which these are combined, and the like.

  In such an elevated road that constitutes such infrastructure equipment, for example, the road surface of the road body is identified so that it can be easily identified which area is a road body that can serve as a refuge and can be quickly moved there in an emergency. It is preferable that a mark indicating that this is a refuge is attached.

  In particular, in Japan where the population is concentrated in the plains along the coast and the industrial base is concentrated, the elevated roads that make up the infrastructure facilities of the present invention are developed in a plane. This leads to the construction of an industrial country that is resistant to floods.

  As can be understood from the above explanation, the road body of the present invention and the infrastructure equipment equipped with the road body ensure life-saving while providing quick access to flood damage such as tsunami of unpredictable height. It is possible to provide a temporary shelter that can be rescued, and since it is used as a road during normal times, it has excellent cost-effectiveness based on construction and maintenance costs and its availability and economy. is there.

It is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the infrastructure equipment of the present invention. It is an enlarged view of the II section of Drawing 1, and is a mimetic diagram of one embodiment of a road body of the present invention. (A) is the IIIa-IIIa arrow directional view of FIG. 2, (b) is the IIIb-IIIb arrow directional view of FIG. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the seismic isolation bearing, and (b) is a diagram for explaining the displacement state of the seismic isolation bearing when subjected to a horizontal force during an earthquake. (A) is the figure explaining the state where the water level rose and buoyancy was applied to the road body, (b) the seismic isolation bearing was separated by buoyancy, the road body was disengaged from the pier and became a floating body, It is the figure which showed the state which floated on the water. It is an enlarged view of the VI section of Drawing 1, and is a mimetic diagram of other embodiments of a road body of the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a road body of the present invention and infrastructure facilities composed of the road body will be described with reference to the drawings. Although the road body in the illustrated example is provided for an electric motorway, the road body of the present invention is not limited to this application, and is intended for general roads such as general motorways, expressways, and sidewalks. To do.

(Infrastructure equipment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the infrastructure equipment of the present invention. The infrastructure equipment 100 shown in the figure has an elevated structure and a loop-shaped road body 10 (which forms a loop-shaped intersection) arranged in an appropriate place in an urban area having a group of buildings or a station building. A straight road including a straight road body 20 having an elevated structure is connected from four or two sides to form an elevated structure road, and the infrastructure equipment 100 is arranged in a plane in the city.

  The road shown in the drawing is an on-demand area share type electric automobile road for moving elderly people. Therefore, a traffic light is not required at the intersection of the loop-shaped road body 10 forming the intersection with the straight road. Yes. The road bodies 10 and 20 constituting the elevated road are made of steel (S structure), precast concrete (RC structure), or a composite structure thereof. Similarly, the piers made of steel or precast concrete are used. An infrastructure facility 100 is configured by supporting road bodies 10 and 20 on 30.

  In addition, the road body has various linear shapes such as a curved shape and a combination shape of a straight line and a curved line, in addition to the illustrated loop shape and linear shape.

  The road bodies 10 and 20 which are components of the elevated structure road constituting the infrastructure facility 100 are used as an electric road as shown in the figure during normal times, and will be described later in case of an abnormality such as a large tsunami. Moreover, when they receive buoyancy as the water level rises, they are disengaged from the bridge piers 30 that are supported and function as temporary shelters while floating on the water.

  In other words, it is used for lifesaving as a refuge in the so-called abnormal situations such as earthquakes caused by natural disasters such as tsunamis and floods, and is used as a road during normal times. This is a cost-effective infrastructure facility based on economic efficiency. Hereinafter, the road bodies 10 and 20 constituting the infrastructure facility 100 will be described in detail.

(Embodiment 1 of road body)
2 is an enlarged view of a portion II in FIG. 1, and is a schematic view of an embodiment of the road body of the present invention. FIG. 3a is a view taken along the arrow IIIa-IIIa in FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line IIIb-IIIb. FIG. 2 shows a straight line having a straight road body corresponding to a road body according to a second embodiment of the road body, which will be described later, connected to the loop-shaped road body corresponding to the road body according to the first embodiment. A portion of the road is also shown.

  An electric vehicle power supply wire R is embedded in the road surface 10 of the loop shape, and power is supplied from the power supply wire R to the electric vehicle EV by an electromagnetic resonance method.

  The cross-sectional shape is a box structure having a semi-elliptical cross section and a hollow G as shown in FIG.

  The hollow G is set to such a size that sufficient buoyancy can be obtained when the road body 10 functions as a floating body. In addition, a rib (not shown) protrudes from the hollow G as necessary so that the road body 10 has the hollow G but has sufficient rigidity.

  Furthermore, the outer periphery of the loop-shaped road body 10 is equipped with an impact mitigating member 40 (string-proofing material) made of rubber or urethane, and when the road body 10 floats on the water, Even when it collides with a pier or other structure, the road body 10 can be prevented from being damaged by the impact mitigating member 40. Further, it is given to a person who evacuates and evacuates by mitigating the impact caused by the collision as much as possible. The impact effect is minimized.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3 b, the road body 10 is supported by two seismic isolation bearings 50 on the horizontal portion of the pier 30.

  Here, the structure and operation of the seismic isolation bearing 50 will be outlined with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4A is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the seismic isolation bearing, and FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating a displacement state of the seismic isolation bearing when receiving a horizontal force during an earthquake.

  As shown in FIG. 4a, the seismic isolation bearing 50 is a friction rolling isolation bearing, and is formed by assembling two divided bodies 51 and 52 each having a half-divided structure and a substantially semi-elliptical hollow inside. A steel ball 53 is movably accommodated in the hollow G ′ while rolling in the oval hollow G ′, and both ends are connected by an elastic material 54 such as rubber to constitute the whole. .

  Of the two divided bodies 51, 52, the divided body 51 is fixed to the lower surface of the road body 10, and the divided body 52 is fixed to the upper surface of the pier 30.

  When the horizontal force H at the time of the earthquake is applied to the structure in which the road body 10 is supported on the pier 30 by the seismic isolation support 50, as shown in FIG. , 52 relatively move horizontally, and the elastic ball 54 extends, while the steel ball 53 rolls (in the X direction), the horizontal force H is attenuated by the frictional force Q with the hollow G ′ surface. The steel ball 53 settles at the center position of the hollow G ′ and returns to the normal state of FIG. 4a.

  In this seismic isolation bearing 50, the upper and lower divided bodies 51 and 52 can move horizontally as shown in the figure, and the tensile force of the elastic material 54 that connects the divided bodies 51 and 52 to a wind load during normal times or the like. Both are prevented from separating by strength.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5a, the elastic material 54 actively breaks when the water level suddenly rises and the road body 10 receives buoyancy F in the event of an abnormality such as a large tsunami caused by a large earthquake. As shown in FIG. 5b, the road body 10 is separated from the pier 30 and becomes a floating body, and becomes a refuge for those who have evacuated to float on the water. ing. That is, the elastic member 54 has a strength that does not break with respect to a load (wind load or the like) that is received during normal times, but breaks with respect to a buoyancy F that is received in an abnormal state so that the divided bodies 51 and 52 can be separated. Is.

  Further, since the road body 10 is supported on the pier 30 via the seismic isolation bearing 50, the support structure is damaged at the time of the earthquake, and the road body 10 is pierced before the buoyancy acts due to the water level rise due to a large tsunami or the like. There is very little risk of falling out of 30 and becoming unable to function as a refuge.

(Embodiment 2 of road body)
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the VI part of FIG. 1, and is a schematic view of another embodiment of the road body of the present invention.

  The straight road shown in the figure has a straight road body 20 that becomes a floating body at the time of abnormality on a plurality of piers 30 arranged at intervals in the direction of the straight bridge axis, and a road body 20A having a conventional structure that does not become a floating body. Are roads arranged alternately and connected to each other.

  Similar to the loop-shaped road body 10, the linear road body 20 also has a box structure with a hollow G so that the required buoyancy can be obtained. Moreover, the impact relaxation member 40 is equipped on the both sides | surfaces.

  Further, in the illustrated straight road, in order to easily identify in which area the road body 20 having the floating body function is present and to evacuate there quickly in an emergency, an “evacuation area” or the like on the road surface of the road body 20 The mark M which consists of the markings is attached.

  As described above, according to the elevated structure road (infrastructure equipment 100) composed of the road bodies 10 and 20 supported on the pier 30 via the seismic isolation bearing 50, it is used for an electric motorway during normal times. When the road bodies 10 and 20 receive buoyancy during an abnormality such as a large tsunami, they become floating bodies that float on the water and function as temporary shelters. Therefore, a large number of people including elderly people who used the infrastructure equipment 100 during normal times can access the evacuation center in a short time because a part of the infrastructure equipment 100 becomes a refuge as it is. Therefore, it will be an infrastructure facility that can be expected to save many lives.

  In addition, it is used for roads not only during abnormal times but also during normal times, so it is a cost-effective infrastructure facility based on construction and maintenance costs and its availability and economy. It can help Japan's recovery plan after experiencing an earthquake.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. They are also included in the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,20 ... Road body, 30 ... Pier, 40 ... Impact mitigation member, 50 ... Seismic isolation bearing, 51, 52 ... Split body, 53 ... Steel ball (sphere), 54 ... Elastic material, 100 ... Infrastructure equipment, G ... Hollow, G '... Hollow, M ... Mark, F ... Buoyancy, H ... Horizontal force during earthquake

Claims (6)

A road body that is supported on a pier via a seismic isolation bearing and that is disengaged from the pier when the buoyancy is applied,
It is used as a road during normal times,
A road body that serves as both a road and a shelter that is released from the pier to become a floating body and serves as a refuge from flood damage when the water level rises above the pier and buoyancy acts. The road body according to claim 1 , wherein the road body has any one of a straight line shape, a curved line shape, and a loop shape, or a flat line shape obtained by combining two or more of these. Road of claim 1 or 2, wherein the road body has a hollow box in at least a portion thereof. The road body according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein an impact mitigation member is provided on a part or all of the outer periphery of the road body. An elevated road comprising a plurality of piers arranged at intervals in the bridge axis direction, and the road body according to any one of claims 1 to 4 supported on at least one pair of the piers. Infrastructure equipment. The infrastructure equipment according to claim 5 , wherein a mark indicating that the road body is an evacuation site is attached to the road body among the elevated roads.

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