JP5735577B2 - 共有システムおよび方法 - Google Patents
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- JP5735577B2 JP5735577B2 JP2013107435A JP2013107435A JP5735577B2 JP 5735577 B2 JP5735577 B2 JP 5735577B2 JP 2013107435 A JP2013107435 A JP 2013107435A JP 2013107435 A JP2013107435 A JP 2013107435A JP 5735577 B2 JP5735577 B2 JP 5735577B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036387 respiratory rate Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000144985 peep Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 67
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005399 mechanical ventilation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000287181 Sturnus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012864 cross contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本出願は、2007年8月22日付けでなされた米国仮特許出願60/957,383号および2007年12月17日付けでなされた米国仮特許出願61/014,312号に基づく優先権主張を伴っている。これらを参照文献として本明細書に組み込む。
本発明は、患者のベンチレータに関する。本発明は、患者のベンチレータと関連する1つまたは複数の分離装置を含む。これらは1人または複数の患者に呼吸ガスを供給するために使用される。
(1)患者の一回呼吸量を、共有されるベンチレータへの供給量以下に減らす方法、
(2)ピーク気道内圧を、共有されるベンチレータの設定値以下に制限する方法、
(3)ベンチレータを共有する個々の患者の酸素濃度を決定する方法、
(4)PEEPを、共有されるベンチレータの設定値以上に増加させる方法、および
(5)複数の患者が1つのベンチレータを共有する場合の酸素の節約方法である。これらはいずれも、共有されるベンチレータにおいて個々の患者の設定を行う上で必要になる。これらと比較して、本発明に係る分離装置は、呼吸ガスの供給状態を変えることができ、複数の患者間で共有される1つのベンチレータを使用して患者が受ける呼吸ガスの特性を個々に設定することが可能になる。これは、使い捨ての装置を使用する患者に対する呼吸ガスの供給状態を変えるものであり、高機能を有さない安価なベンチレータを使用して、より明確な圧力、量、酸素濃度の特性を有する呼吸ガスを患者に供給することができる。
本発明は、1人または複数の患者から1つのベンチレータを分離するための装置を提供するものである。図1は、本発明による分離装置10を示している。分離装置10はハウジング13を備える。ハウジング13は、運動可能な隔壁16を取り巻いて配置されている。運動可能な隔壁16は、ハウジング13に連結され、運動可能な隔壁16の患者側部分22と、運動可能な隔壁16の作動側部分とを有している。運動可能な隔壁16は、フレキシブルなバッグの構成を有している。分離装置10は、作動側部分25とガスが通過可能に連絡する吸気圧レギュレータ82を含んでいる。吸気圧レギュレータ82は、作動側部分25で許容される呼吸ガスの圧力を調節する。吸気圧レギュレータ82は、作動側部分25の圧力を所望の最大圧力(「ピーク圧力」という)に制限する。分離装置10は、運動可能な隔壁16の患者側部分22とガスが通過可能に連絡する排気圧レギュレータ84を含んでいる。排気圧レギュレータ84は、呼気動作の間、患者側部分22のハウジング13の圧力を調整し、例えば、患者側部分22のハウジング13からのガスの流出を制限することによって、ベンチレータのPEEPと異なる患者側22のPEEPを生成するために使用される。これによって、ベンチレータの設定圧力よりも、高い呼気最終圧が維持される。
Claims (20)
- ベンチレータの共有システムであって、
1つのベンチレータと、
少なくとも2つの分離装置と、を備え、
前記分離装置は、少なくとも2人の患者にガスを供給するとともに、前記患者からのガスが前記ベンチレータに到達するのを防止し、
前記分離装置のそれぞれは、
前記ベンチレータと空気が通過可能に連絡しており、
運動可能な隔壁と、
前記運動可能な隔壁の周りに配置されたハウジングと、を備え、
前記運動可能な隔壁が、当該運動可能な隔壁の第1の側の患者側部分と、当該運動可能な隔壁の第2の側の作動側部分とを有し、前記ハウジングが、前記ベンチレータに接続された入口を有し、前記ハウジングの前記入口は前記運動可能な隔壁の前記作動側部分とガスが通過可能に連絡しており、
さらに、
前記運動可能な隔壁の前記作動側部分とガスが通過可能に連絡する吸気圧レギュレータと、
前記運動可能な隔壁の前記患者側部分とガスが通過可能に連絡し、呼気の最終陽圧を制御可能な排気圧レギュレータと、を備えていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記分離装置の少なくとも1つは、前記運動可能な隔壁の前記患者側部分とガスが通過可能に連絡するCO 2 洗浄機をさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記運動可能な隔壁は、フレキシブルなバッグであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記運動可能な隔壁は、弾性材料からなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記運動可能な隔壁は、ベローズおよびダイヤフラムを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記分離装置の少なくとも1つは、前記運動可能な隔壁の位置を検出可能な位置センサーをさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 呼吸ガスのガス量を測定する呼吸速度計をさらに備え、
前記呼吸速度計は、前記ハウジングの前記入口と前記ベンチレータとの間に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。 - コントローラ回路をさらに備え、
前記コントローラ回路は、前記呼吸速度計と連絡するとともに、前記吸気圧レギュレータと連絡し、前記呼吸速度計のガス量の測定に使用可能で、前記吸気圧レギュレータの特性を制限する圧力を制御するものであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のシステム。 - 前記吸気圧レギュレータは、
前記呼吸速度計と前記ハウジングの前記入口との間に接続されたフレキシブルなチューブと、
前記フレキシブルなチューブを異なる閉鎖状態で閉じることが可能なキャリパーと、を備え、
前記コントローラ回路は、前記呼吸速度計のガス量測定を行うために使用されるとともに、前記キャリパーによって前記フレキシブルなチューブの閉じる度合いを制御するものであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のシステム。 - 前記ハウジングは、新鮮ガス源からの新鮮ガスが導入されるオリフィスを有し、
前記新鮮ガスが導入される前記オリフィスは、前記運動可能な隔壁の前記患者側部分とガスが通過可能に連絡していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記ハウジングの前記患者側部分からのびる排気ラインをさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記吸気圧レギュレータは、フレキシブルなチューブおよびキャリパーを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記排気圧レギュレータは、フレキシブルなチューブおよびキャリパーを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記排気圧レギュレータは、スターリングレジスタを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記分離装置の少なくとも1つは、第1の端部および第2の端部を有するロープをさらに備え、
前記第1の端部が前記運動可能な隔壁に接続され、前記第2の端部が前記ハウジングに接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記分離装置の少なくとも1つは、調整可能なPEEPバルブをさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記分離装置の少なくとも1つの前記ハウジングは、患者オリフィスをさらに備え、
前記患者オリフィスが、前記運動可能な隔壁の前記患者側部分とガスが通過可能に連絡し、前記患者とガスが通過可能に連絡していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記分離装置の少なくとも1つは、前記患者オリフィスに接続された呼吸速度計をさらに備え、
前記呼吸速度計は、前記ハウジングに流入、および/または、前記ハウジングから流出するガスの量を測定するものであることを特徴とする請求項17に記載のシステム。 - 単一のベンチレータの作動方法であって、
ベンチレータを準備し、
前記ベンチレータに接続された入口を有する第1の分離装置を準備し、
前記ベンチレータに接続された入口を有する第2の分離装置を準備し、
前記ベンチレータを使用して前記第1の分離装置および前記第2の分離装置のそれぞれに呼吸サイクルを生じさせ、
前記第1の分離装置および前記第2の分離装置のそれぞれは、運動可能な隔壁をさらに備え、
前記運動可能な隔壁は、前記分離装置の作動側部分内のガスと前記分離装置の患者側部分内のガスを分離するためのものであり、
前記入口は前記分離装置の作動側にあり、
前記第1の分離装置および前記第2の分離装置のそれぞれは、前記作動側部分に吸気圧レギュレータをさらに備えたことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記第1の分離装置および前記第2の分離装置のそれぞれは、前記患者側部分に排気圧レギュレータをさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項19に記載の方法。
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JP2013208453A (ja) | 2013-10-10 |
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HK1177436A1 (zh) | 2013-08-23 |
CN102727975B (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
CA2733809C (en) | 2017-09-19 |
JP5624467B2 (ja) | 2014-11-12 |
EP2185228A1 (en) | 2010-05-19 |
US10112023B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 |
RU2010110592A (ru) | 2011-09-27 |
US20140090647A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
EP2210639A3 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
EP2185228A4 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
KR101524100B1 (ko) | 2015-05-29 |
WO2009026562A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
IL224671A (en) | 2014-03-31 |
IL204076A (en) | 2013-08-29 |
BRPI0815682A2 (pt) | 2017-05-23 |
RU2506961C2 (ru) | 2014-02-20 |
CN101808688A (zh) | 2010-08-18 |
CA2939243A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
US8602026B2 (en) | 2013-12-10 |
CA2939243C (en) | 2019-04-09 |
EP2210639A2 (en) | 2010-07-28 |
CA2733809A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
JP2010536503A (ja) | 2010-12-02 |
CN107041987A (zh) | 2017-08-15 |
CN107041987B (zh) | 2021-08-10 |
US20090050151A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
AU2008288795A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
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AU2008288795B2 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
CN102727975A (zh) | 2012-10-17 |
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