JP5731757B2 - Asbestos treatment apparatus and method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an asbestos treatment apparatus and method. In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for processing asbestos at a demolition site such as a building.

  In recent years, the harmfulness of asbestos has been pointed out. However, when asbestos is used as a building material in houses and the like, there is a problem of how to treat the waste.

  As the treatment method, firstly, waste is collected in a treatment site away from the dismantling site or the discharge site. On top of that, a method of making concrete and embedding it in the ground, a method of preventing scattering until the melting step by adding an organic or inorganic material as a binder to the waste asbestos material, kneading and pelletizing by granulation (for example, Patent Document 1), a harmful asbestos-containing building material waste and an inorganic distribution agent are mixed, further reacted and sintered (for example, see Patent Document 2), and melted (for example, a patent). Document 3 and Patent Document 4) are disclosed.

JP 2000-79380 A ([0007]) JP 2001-353479 A ([0006]) JP-A-9-19672 ([0005]) JP 2008-272554 A (Claim 1)

  Because the risk of asbestos is due to its fibrous quality, even if it is made concrete and buried in the ground, asbestos remains as mineral fiber without alteration, and if it is exposed to the ground surface, only concrete will gradually grow. Weathering, deterioration, and asbestos scatters over time.

  In addition, since Patent Documents 1 and 2 use materials (additives) other than asbestos, the problem is that the cost is increased and the apparatus is also expensive, and Patent Document 3 uses three electrodes. However, asbestos attached to the wall of the melting furnace may not be completely melted, the electrode is heavily consumed, and the equipment is complicated. There were various problems such as being large and requiring a large expense, and possibly being discharged from the slag discharge port to mineral fiber asbestos that was not melted.

In addition, in order to prevent asbestos from splashing, asbestos is soaked in water and settled at construction sites, etc., so that it is not scattered, transported to a designated disposal site, and discarded. In this method, it was dried during transportation and returned to the original asbestos state, resulting in scattering.
Therefore, the present inventor paid attention to asbestos soaked in water so that it would not settle and scatter, and using induction heating using pipes and coils so that the asbestos soaked in water can be treated as it is at the construction site. The invented technique was invented (Patent Document 4).

Certainly, the technology of Patent Document 4 is an inexpensive, simple, small, and lightweight structure that can quickly process powdered asbestos, but uses a pipe and a coil wound around it. Although suitable for the production of pipes having a diameter of several centimeters to 50 centimeters, there is a difficulty in increasing the size in terms of design, production and cost.
For this reason, in order to simultaneously process relatively large plate-like and slate-like solid asbestos, it is necessary to grind it into pieces. Therefore, there has been a demand for an asbestos treatment apparatus capable of treating various shapes of asbestos in a shorter time while maintaining inexpensive treatment costs.

  Therefore, the present invention provides an apparatus and a method that can process asbestos as it is at a demolition site such as a building without being scattered, and can safely process asbestos of various shapes with an inexpensive and lightweight structure. The purpose is to do.

In order to achieve the above object, an asbestos treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises a power source for electric resistance heating, an asbestos insertion port, and a discharge port for discharging molten asbestos, and is in contact with two resistance heating electrodes. A furnace wall (hereinafter referred to as a melting furnace in the present specification) and a cooling container for receiving and cooling the discharged molten asbestos. Is provided above the lowest part of the melting furnace, a temperature sensor is provided in the melting furnace, and the melting furnace temperature is controlled by a power source for electric resistance heating.

In order to protect the melting furnace, it is preferable that a covering body having insulating properties and heat resistance is provided around the melting furnace, and the inside of the covering body is filled with argon gas.
In addition, the cooling container is preferably a container containing water.
Moreover, since the melting furnace has a high melting point and is suitable for processing asbestos, it is preferable to use carbon, tungsten, graphite, or manganese.
In addition, the melting furnace has a U-shaped or U-shaped cross section and is preferably within 1 m square in plan view from the viewpoint of manufacturing / processing capacity and loading / unloading.

  In addition, the asbestos treatment method of the present invention uses the above-mentioned asbestos treatment apparatus, preferably by heating the asbestos mixed with solid asbestos or water by electric resistance heating in a state where the melting furnace is protected with argon gas. The asbestos insertion port of the melting furnace to be heated is charged and heated to 1200 ° C or higher using a power source for electric resistance heating, and the liquid asbestos is discharged from the discharge port of the melting furnace. And dropping into the cooling container.

That is, in the present invention, the melting furnace itself is heated by resistance heating using the principle of resistance welding, and solid asbestos such as plate or slate or powdered asbestos mixed in water is directly charged therein to melt. It can be processed directly at the site of demolition such as a building. Since the entire melting furnace generates heat, all asbestos adhering to the wall of the melting furnace can be completely melted. When the liquid asbestos discharged from the discharge port is dropped into the cooling container, it is rapidly cooled, becomes granular (stone-like), and becomes harmless (the needle shape of the asbestos is completely lost). Since it hardens and becomes harmless in stone shape, it is no longer waste, and can be mixed with other materials and reused.
Therefore, it is possible to use a power source and an electrode that are used for resistance welding, and there is no special difficulty in manufacturing, and consumption and wear can be suppressed. The position of the electrode is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exerted, such as a position where the melting furnace is sandwiched from both sides and a position where the melting furnace is in contact with the upper side. The temperature for melting may be appropriately set according to the type of asbestos, for example, 1500 ° C. or higher.

  Also, the melting furnace is particularly preferably made of carbon and has a size of 1 m square or less in plan view, and its cross-section is substantially U-shaped or U-shaped so that it can be easily manufactured and used directly at the dismantling site. It becomes a structure suitable for doing. However, the shape of the melting furnace is not limited to this, and various designs are possible as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved, such as a bowl shape or a circular shape, or a slope on the bottom surface. A coating body having insulation and heat resistance is provided around the melting furnace, and filling the inside of the coating body with argon gas appropriately protects the melting furnace from oxidation and the like, and can ensure the safety of the user.

  The dropped asbestos can be rapidly cooled by putting a cooling liquid in a container for receiving and cooling the melted asbestos. By using water, it is easy to handle and can be processed at low cost regardless of location.

  As a result of the present invention, asbestos is immediately melted and processed into a stone shape at a construction site or the like, not only can be made harmless, but it is not necessary to break plate-like and slate-like asbestos more finely than necessary, and in a short time Therefore, it is possible to provide an asbestos processing apparatus and method that can be processed in large quantities and that is inexpensive and lightweight.

It is a conceptual diagram of the cross section which shows the structure of the processing apparatus 1 of asbestos of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the melting furnace of this invention.

  An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual view of a cross section showing the structure of an asbestos processing apparatus 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a melting furnace 2 of the present invention.
The melting furnace 2 is rectangular and has a U-shaped or U-shaped cross section, and is made of a material having high electrical conductivity and a high melting point such as carbon. Since the size is within 1m square in plan view, it is suitable for use at the site of dismantling such as manufacturing and transportation.

  The upper part of the melting furnace 2 is vacant. In this case, the upper part is the asbestos insertion port 9. Further, a discharge port 3 for discharging the asbestos melted above the lowest surface (bottom) of the melting furnace 2 is provided. Thus, by positioning the discharge port 3 above the bottom, it is possible to prevent only melted asbestos from being discharged and unmelted asbestos from being discharged together.

  A pair of electrodes 5 and 5 ′ connected to the power source 4 are in contact with the melting furnace 2. When the melting furnace 2 is energized, resistance heat (Joule heat) is generated and heated to 1200 ° C. or higher to a temperature at which the target asbestos is melted. The melting furnace 2 is provided with a temperature sensor 6 and is controlled by the power source 4 so that the melting furnace 2 is maintained at a constant temperature. In addition, a current sensor or the like can be appropriately installed as required for control. As the power source 4, for example, an inverter type power source used for resistance welding can be used, and an inverter type power source device having a variable frequency according to an actual temperature or current value, which is sold by ART-HIKARI Co., Ltd. Etc. can be used.

  The melting furnace 2 and the pair of electrodes 5 and 5 ′ are covered with a covering 7. The covering 7 is made of an alloy having insulating properties and heat resistance. The covering 7 also has a role of pressing and firmly fixing the melting furnace 2 and the pair of electrodes 5 and 5 ′ by using a fixing tool 12 using a bolt, a spring, or the like. If necessary, other components such as a further casing 8 and a pipe 10 for discharging asbestos from the discharge port 3 to the outside can be appropriately added. Moreover, carrying out and carrying in can also be made easy by providing a base, a caster, etc. so that it can be used at the site of dismantling.

  Filling the inside of the covering 7 with a protective gas, preferably argon gas 13, can prevent oxidation of the melting furnace 2 or the like. Moreover, the cover 7 is provided with an opening for introducing protective gas, an opening for passing asbestos discharged from the discharge port 3, and the like as necessary.

  In use, plate-like or slate-like asbestos or powdered asbestos mixed in water is put into the melting furnace 2 from the asbestos insertion port 9 of the melting furnace 2 heated to 1200 ° C. or higher. And the melted asbestos is dripped through the discharge port 3 and the pipe 10 to the cooling container 11 which is a container containing water. At this time, since the discharge port 3 is above the bottom surface of the melting furnace, unmelted asbestos remains on the bottom surface and only the melted asbestos is discharged. Quenched asbestos becomes granular (stone-like) and detoxified (the needle shape of asbestos completely disappears).

  With the above configuration of the present invention, it is possible to provide an asbestos processing apparatus and method that can process asbestos of various shapes in a building site in a short time while maintaining an inexpensive processing cost, and safer processing of asbestos. Can be performed quickly.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Asbestos processing apparatus 2 Melting furnace 3 Outlet 4 Power supply 5, 5 'electrode 6 Temperature sensor 7 Cover
8 Casing 9 Asbestos insertion port 10 Pipe 11 Cooling container 12 Fixing tool 13 Argon gas

Claims (4)

A power source for electrical resistance heating;
A furnace wall having an asbestos insertion port and a discharge port through which molten asbestos is discharged; the furnace wall also serving as one container that is resistance-heated in contact with two resistance-heating electrodes;
Consisting of a cooling vessel for receiving and cooling the asbestos discharged and melted,
The discharge port is provided above the lowest part of the furnace wall that also serves as a container ,
A covering having insulation and heat resistance is provided around the furnace wall that also serves as a container, and a protective gas is filled between the furnace wall that also serves as the covering and the container,
The furnace wall which also serves as a container temperature sensor is provided, the temperature of the furnace wall is controlled by the power source for electric resistance heating,
An asbestos treatment apparatus characterized in that the furnace wall that also serves as a container is made of carbon, tungsten, graphite, or manganese .   2. The asbestos treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cooling container is a container containing water.   The asbestos treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cross section of the furnace wall also serving as a container is U-shaped or U-shaped, and is within 1 m square in plan view.   Using the asbestos treatment apparatus according to claim 1, solid asbestos or powdered asbestos mixed in water is introduced from an asbestos insertion port on a furnace wall that also serves as a container heated by electric resistance heating. Using an electric resistance heating power source and heating at 1200 ° C. or higher to make it liquid;
  A process in which liquid asbestos is discharged from a discharge port formed in the furnace wall and dropped into a cooling container;
  A method for treating asbestos, comprising:

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