JP5724843B2 - Rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine including a stator that generates a rotating magnetic field and a rotor around which a coil is wound.

  Conventionally, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-29275 (Patent Document 1), an armature of a main exciter, a rotor of a sub exciter, and a rectifier are attached to a cylindrical holder, and the holder is attached to a rotating shaft. A brushless generator with a built-in exciter in which an armature, a rotor, and a rectifier are collectively attached to a rotating shaft is disclosed.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-41433 (Patent Document 2) discloses a stator that generates a rotating magnetic field when an alternating current flows through the stator windings, rotor windings arranged at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and each rotor. A rotating electrical machine is described that includes a rotor having a diode that rectifies a current flowing through a winding.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-29275 JP 2011-41433 A

  In a rotating electrical machine such as a generator or a motor described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a coil wound around a rotor or a rotor and an electronic device such as a diode electrically connected to the coil are both provided. Although heat is generated by energization, since the heat generation amount of the coil wound densely is relatively large, the electronic device may be damaged due to overheating unless the heat transfer from the coil to the electronic device is suppressed.

  The objective of this invention is providing the rotary electric machine which can suppress effectively the heat transfer from the coil provided in the rotor to an electronic device.

A rotating electrical machine according to the present invention includes a stator that generates a rotating magnetic field, a rotatable rotor disposed to face the stator, a coil wound around the rotor, and an axial end portion of the rotor. An end plate provided to cover the coil end; and a diode connected to the coil and fixed to an axially outer surface of the installation plate provided to rotate together with the rotor, and covers the coil of the rotor A heat insulating layer is provided between the end plate and the installation plate.

In the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, the end rate and the installation plate are each formed with an opening that is aligned in the axial direction, and the end of the coil passes through each opening of the end plate and the installation plate. It may be drawn to the outside in the axial direction of the installation plate and connected to the diode .

  Also, in the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, the rotor includes a shaft that is rotatably supported and a rotor core that is fixed to the shaft and wound with the coil, and allows liquid refrigerant to pass through the shaft. A refrigerant flow path may be formed, and a refrigerant passage through which liquid refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant flow path may be provided between the diode and the coil.

  In this case, the refrigerant passage may include a first passage that is discharged to the outside of the rotor after cooling the coil through the end plate provided at the axial end portion of the rotor.

  In this case, the refrigerant passage may further include a second passage formed so as to penetrate through the installation plate.

  Furthermore, in the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, the heat insulating layer may be a space, and the liquid refrigerant supplied from the shaft may flow through the heat insulating layer.

  According to the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, since the heat insulating layer between the coil and the installation plate to which the diode is fixed is provided, heat conduction from the coil that generates heat by energization to the diode is blocked by the heat insulating layer, Overheating of the diode can be suppressed.

It is sectional drawing which shows the rotary electric machine which is one Embodiment of this invention. In the rotary electric machine of this embodiment, it is sectional drawing which shows roughly the circumferential direction part of a rotor and a stator. In the rotary electric machine of this embodiment, it is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the magnetic flux produced | generated by the induced current which flows into a rotor coil flows in a rotor. FIG. 4 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 and showing a rotor coil connected with a diode. In this embodiment, it is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit of the connection circuit of the some coil wound around the two salient poles adjacent to the circumferential direction of a rotor. FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5 and showing an example in which the number of diodes connected to the rotor coil is reduced. It is AA sectional drawing of the rotor shown in FIG. It is the B section enlarged view of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification which connected the diode to each rotor coil wound by the salient pole of a rotor, respectively. FIG. 10 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 9 and showing an example in which the number of diodes connected to the rotor coil is reduced. It is a figure which shows the axial direction end surface of a rotor. It is CC sectional drawing in FIG. FIG. 13 is a view corresponding to FIG. 12, showing another example in which cooling oil is supplied from the shaft to the refrigerant passage in the installation plate. FIG. 13 is a view corresponding to FIG. 12, showing still another example in which cooling oil is supplied from the shaft to the heat insulating layer between the end plate and the installation plate.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5, 7, and 8 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of the rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotating electrical machine 10 functions as an electric motor or a generator, and has a cylindrical stator 12 fixed to a casing (not shown) with a bolt or the like, a diameter with a predetermined gap from the stator 12. And a rotor 14 which is disposed opposite to the inner side in the direction and is rotatable with respect to the stator 12. The “radial direction” refers to a radial direction orthogonal to the rotation center axis of the rotor 14 (unless otherwise specified, the meaning of “radial direction” is the same throughout the present specification and claims). ).

  The stator 12 includes a stator core 16 made of a magnetic material, and stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w of a plurality of phases (for example, three phases of U phase, V phase, and W phase) disposed on the stator core 16. The rotor 14 includes a rotor core 24 made of a magnetic material, a shaft 25 inserted and fixed in the center of the rotor core 24, two end plates 26 a and 26 b disposed on both sides in the axial direction of the rotor core 24, And an installation plate 60 fitted and fixed to the shaft 25 so as to face the end plate 26a through the heat insulating layer 58.

  The rotor 14 is a plurality of rotor coils disposed on the rotor core 24. The N pole induction coil 28n, the S pole induction coil 28s, the N pole common coil 30n, the S pole common coil 30s, and the N pole induction coil A first diode 38 connected to 28n and a second diode 40 connected to the south pole induction coil 28s.

  First, the basic configuration of the rotating electrical machine 10 will be described using FIGS. 2 to 5, and then the detailed structure of the rotor 14 will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of the rotor and the stator in the circumferential direction in the rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing how the magnetic flux generated by the induced current flowing in the rotor coil flows in the rotor in the rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 and showing a diode connected to the rotor coil.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the stator 12 includes a stator core 16. A plurality of teeth 18 projecting radially inward (that is, toward the rotor 14) are disposed at a plurality of locations on the inner circumferential surface of the stator core 16, and slots 22 are formed between the teeth 18. . The stator core 16 is formed of a magnetic material such as a laminate of metal plates such as electromagnetic steel plates having magnetism such as silicon steel plates. The plurality of teeth 18 are arranged at intervals from each other along the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis that is the rotation axis of the rotor 14. The “circumferential direction” means a direction along a circle drawn around the rotation center axis of the rotor 14 (in the whole specification and claims, the meaning of “circumferential direction” is the same unless otherwise specified). .)

  The stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w of each phase are wound around the teeth 18 of the stator core 16 by concentrated short-winding windings through the slots 22. As described above, the stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w are wound around the teeth 18 to form magnetic poles. Then, by passing a plurality of phases of alternating current through the plurality of phases of the stator coils 20u, 20v, 20w, the teeth 18 arranged in the circumferential direction are magnetized, and a rotating magnetic field that rotates in the circumferential direction is generated in the stator 12. it can.

  The stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w are not limited to the configuration in which the stator coils 20 are wound around the teeth 18 of the stator 12 as described above. For example, the stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w have a plurality of phases at a plurality of circumferential positions of the annular portion of the stator core 16 that is removed from the teeth 18. It is also possible to generate a rotating magnetic field in the stator 12 by using a toroidal winding for winding the stator coil.

  The rotating magnetic field formed on the teeth 18 acts on the rotor 14 from the tip surface. In the example shown in FIG. 2, one pole pair is constituted by three teeth 18 around which three-phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) stator coils 20u, 20v, 20w are wound.

  On the other hand, the rotor 14 includes a rotor core 24 made of a magnetic material, and a plurality of rotor coils, an N-pole induction coil 28n, an N-pole common coil 30n, an S-pole induction coil 28s, and an S-pole common coil 30s. The rotor core 24 includes a plurality of magnetic pole portions that are provided to protrude radially outward (that is, toward the stator 12) at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the outer circumferential surface, and N-pole forming salient poles 32n that are main salient poles. It has S pole forming salient pole 32s.

  The N pole forming salient poles 32n and the S pole forming salient poles 32s are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 24 and spaced from each other, and the salient poles 32n and 32s face the stator 12. doing. The rotor yoke 33, which is an annular portion of the rotor core 24, and the plurality of salient poles 32n, 32s are integrally formed by annularly connecting a plurality of rotor core elements that are a laminate of a plurality of magnetic metal plates. ing. This will be described in detail later. The N pole forming salient pole 32n and the S pole forming salient pole 32s have the same shape and size.

  More specifically, two N-pole rotor coils, that is, an N-pole common coil 30n and an N-pole induction coil 28n, are wound in concentrated winding on each of the other N-pole forming salient poles 32n in the circumferential direction of the rotor 14. It has been turned. Further, in the rotor 14, another salient pole adjacent to the N pole forming salient pole 32 n, and each of the S pole forming salient poles 32 s every other circumferential direction has two S pole common coils that are two S pole rotor coils. 30s and the S pole induction coil 28s are wound by concentrated winding. Regarding the radial direction of the rotor 14, the common coils 30n and 30s are inner coils, and the induction coils 28n and 28s are outer coils.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the rotor 14 has a slot 34 formed between salient poles 32n and 32s adjacent in the circumferential direction. That is, a plurality of slots 34 are formed in the rotor core 24 at intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis of the rotor 14. Further, the rotor core 24 is fitted and fixed to the radially outer side of a shaft 25 (see FIG. 1) that is a rotating shaft.

  Each N-pole induction coil 28n is wound around each N-pole forming salient pole 32n on the tip side of the N-pole common coil 30n, that is, on the side closer to the stator 12. Each S pole induction coil 28 s is wound around the tip side of each S pole forming salient pole 32 s, that is, the side closer to the stator 12 than the S pole common coil 30 s.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the induction coils 28n and 28s and the common coils 30n and 30s wound around the salient poles 32n and 32s are respectively in the length direction around the salient poles 32n (or 32s) (see FIG. 3). 3 (up and down direction of 3) may be arranged in an aligned winding in which a plurality of layers are aligned in the circumferential direction (left and right direction in FIG. 3) of the salient pole 32n (or 32s). In addition, the induction coils 28n and 28s wound around the leading ends of the salient poles 32n and 32s may be wound around the salient poles 32n and 32s a plurality of times, that is, a plurality of turns.

  As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, N pole induction wound around one N pole forming salient pole 32n with two salient poles 32n and 32s adjacent in the circumferential direction of the rotor 14 as one set. One end of the coil 28n and one end of the S pole induction coil 28s wound around another S pole forming salient pole 32s are connected to two electronic devices, a first diode 38 and a second diode 40, which are rectifier elements. Connected through. FIG. 5 shows an equivalent circuit of a connection circuit of a plurality of coils 28n, 28s, 30n, 30s wound around two salient poles 32n, 32s adjacent in the circumferential direction of the rotor 14 in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, one end of each of the N-pole induction coil 28n and the S-pole induction coil 28s is connected at a connection point R via a first diode 38 and a second diode 40 whose forward directions are opposite to each other. . In the present embodiment, as described later, a diode element 41 in which the first and second diodes 38 and 40 are integrated by one resin mold package is used.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the electronic device connected to the coils 28n, 28s, 30n, and 30s wound around the rotor core 24 is a diode will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For the electronic device, other rectifiers (for example, thyristors, transistors, etc.) having a function of rectifying the current flowing through the coil may be used, and electronic devices such as resistors and capacitors are used together with a rectifier such as a diode. May be used.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, one end of the N-pole common coil 30n wound around the N-pole forming salient pole 32n in each group is connected to one end of the S-pole common coil 30s wound around the S-pole forming salient pole 32s. It is connected. The N-pole common coil 30n and the S-pole common coil 30s are connected in series to form a common coil set 36. Further, the other end of the N-pole common coil 30n is connected to the connection point R, and the other end of the S-pole common coil 30s is the other end opposite to the connection point R between the N-pole induction coil 28n and the S-pole induction coil 28s. It is connected to the. The winding central axes of the induction coils 28n and 28s and the common coils 30n and 30s coincide with the radial direction of the rotor 14 (see FIG. 2). Each induction coil 28n, 28s and each common coil 30n, 30s are wound around the corresponding salient pole 32n (or 32s) via an insulator (not shown) having electrical insulation made of resin or the like. Can also be done.

  In such a configuration, as will be described later, the rectified current flows through the N-pole induction coil 28n, the S-pole induction coil 28s, the N-pole common coil 30n, and the S-pole common coil 30s. It is magnetized and functions as a magnetic pole part. Returning to FIG. 3, the stator 12 generates a rotating magnetic field by passing an alternating current through the stator coils 20 u, 20 v, and 20 w, and this rotating magnetic field is higher than the fundamental wave as well as the magnetic field of the fundamental wave component. It contains a magnetic field of harmonic components of the order.

  More specifically, the distribution of magnetomotive force that generates a rotating magnetic field in the stator 12 is attributed to the arrangement of the stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w of each phase and the shape of the stator core 16 by the teeth 18 and the slots 22 (see FIG. 2). Thus, it does not have a sine wave distribution (of only the fundamental wave) but includes harmonic components. In particular, in the concentrated winding, the stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w of the respective phases do not overlap each other, so that the amplitude level of the harmonic component generated in the magnetomotive force distribution of the stator 12 increases. For example, when the stator coils 20u, 20v, 20w are three-phase concentrated windings, the harmonic component is a temporal third-order component of the input electrical frequency, and the amplitude level of the spatial second-order component increases. Thus, the harmonic component generated in the magnetomotive force due to the arrangement of the stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w and the shape of the stator core 16 is called a spatial harmonic.

  When a rotating magnetic field including this space-emphasized wave component acts on the rotor 14 from the stator 12, fluctuations in leakage magnetic flux leaking into the space between the salient poles 32 n and 32 s of the rotor 14 are generated due to magnetic flux fluctuations in the spatial harmonics. Thereby, an induced electromotive force is generated in at least one of the induction coils 28n and 28s of the induction coils 28n and 28s shown in FIG.

  The induction coils 28n and 28s on the tip side of the salient poles 32n and 32s close to the stator 12 mainly have a function of generating an induced current. On the other hand, the common coils 30n and 30s far from the stator 12 mainly have a function of magnetizing the salient poles 32n and 32s. Further, as understood from the equivalent circuit of FIG. 5, the sum of the currents flowing through the induction coils 28n and 28s wound around the adjacent salient poles 32n and 32s (see FIGS. 2 to 4) is the common coils 30n and 30s. The currents that flow through Since the adjacent common coils 30n and 30s are connected in series, the same effect can be obtained as when the number of turns is increased in both, and the magnetic flux (that is, electromagnetic force) flowing through the salient poles 32n and 32s is the same. As it is, the current flowing through the common coils 30n and 30s can be reduced.

  When an induced electromotive force is generated in each induction coil 28n, 28s, a direct current corresponding to the rectification direction of the diodes 38, 40 is applied to the N-pole induction coil 28n, the S-pole induction coil 28s, the N-pole common coil 30n, and the S-pole common coil 30s. When the salient poles 32n and 32s around which the common coils 30n and 30s are wound are magnetized, the salient poles 32n and 32s function as magnetic pole portions that are electromagnets with fixed magnetic poles.

  The winding directions of the N pole induction coil 28n and the N pole common coil 30n adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and the S pole induction coil 28s and the S pole common coil 30s shown in FIG. The magnetization direction is reversed between the salient poles 32n and 32s. In the example shown in the drawing, the N pole is generated at the tip of the salient pole 32n around which the N pole induction coil 28n and the N pole common coil 30n are wound, and the S pole induction coil 28s and the S pole common coil 30s are wound around. An S pole is generated at the tip of the pole 32s. For this reason, the N pole and the S pole are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 14. That is, the rotor 14 is configured such that N-poles and S-poles are alternately formed in the circumferential direction by interlinking of harmonic components included in the magnetic field generated by the stator 12.

  In the present embodiment, the rotor 14 includes auxiliary salient poles 42 that project from both circumferential sides of the salient poles 32n and 32s disposed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. Auxiliary salient poles 42 are arranged in a circumferential direction from a plurality of locations in the axial direction (front and back directions in FIGS. 3 and 4) on both sides of the circumferential direction (left and right directions in FIGS. 3 and 4) of each salient pole 32n and 32s. It is a plate-like magnetic body that protrudes in an inclined direction. For example, in the example shown in the figure, the auxiliary salient pole 42 is inclined with respect to the circumferential direction so as to be radially outward of the rotor 14 toward the tip at the radial intermediate portions of the circumferential side surfaces of the salient poles 32n and 32s. doing. The plurality of auxiliary salient poles 42 are arranged between the N pole induction coil 28n and the N pole common coil 30n, and on the S pole induction coil 28s and the S pole common coil 30s on both sides in the circumferential direction of the salient poles 32n and 32s. Protrudes from each between. That is, the auxiliary salient pole 42 is magnetically connected to the corresponding salient poles 32n and 32s at the root portion.

  A plurality of auxiliary salient poles 42 disposed in the same slot 34 and projecting from the other salient poles 32n and 32s facing each other may be mechanically connected or mechanically connected. It does not have to be. 3 and 4, the auxiliary salient pole 42 of the N pole forming salient pole 32 n and the auxiliary salient pole 42 of the S pole forming salient pole 32 s disposed in the same slot 34 are mechanically connected to each other. Therefore, it is schematically shown that they are magnetically separated from each other. Such auxiliary salient poles 42 are made of the same magnetic material as the auxiliary salient poles 42 including the salient poles 32n and 32s.

  In addition, the induction coil 28n (or 28s) and the common coil 30n (or 30s) wound around each salient pole 32n (or 32s) are separated and separated by the auxiliary salient pole 42 in the corresponding slot 34. . The induction coils 28n, 28s and the common coils 30n, 30s wound around the same salient poles 32n, 32s are auxiliary salient poles such as one or both coil end sides (not shown) provided outside the axial end face of the rotor core 24. They are connected to each other at a portion away from 42.

  As shown in FIG. 7, which will be described later, a flange portion 44 is formed at the tip of each salient pole 32n (32s is the same) and protrudes on both sides in the circumferential direction to prevent the induction coils 28n and 28s from coming off. You can also. However, the flange 44 can be omitted.

  In the rotating electrical machine 10 (FIG. 2) including such a rotor 14, a rotating magnetic field (basic) formed on the teeth 18 (FIG. 2) by flowing a three-phase alternating current through the three-phase stator coils 20 u, 20 v, 20 w. Wave component) acts on the rotor 14, and accordingly, the salient poles 32 n and 32 s are attracted to the rotating magnetic field of the teeth 18 so that the magnetic resistance of the rotor 14 is reduced. As a result, torque (reluctance torque) acts on the rotor 14.

  Further, when the rotating magnetic field including the spatial harmonic component formed in the teeth 18 is linked to the induction coils 28n and 28s of the rotor 14, each induction coil 28n and 28s has the rotor 14 caused by the spatial harmonic component. An induced electromotive force is generated in each induction coil 28n, 28s due to a magnetic flux fluctuation having a frequency different from the rotation frequency (the fundamental wave component of the rotating magnetic field). The current flowing through the induction coils 28n and 28s along with the generation of the induced electromotive force is rectified by the diodes 38 and 40 to be unidirectional (direct current).

  The salient poles 32n, 32s are magnetized in response to the direct current rectified by the diodes 38, 40 flowing through the induction coils 28n, 28s and the common coils 30n, 30s. 32s functions as a magnet in which the magnetic pole is fixed (to either the N pole or the S pole). As described above, since the rectification directions of the currents of the induction coils 28n and 28s by the diodes 38 and 40 are opposite to each other, the magnets generated in the salient poles 32n and 32s have N poles and S poles alternately in the circumferential direction. It will be arranged.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, auxiliary salient poles 42 are formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the salient poles 32n and 32s in a direction inclined with respect to the circumferential direction so as to be radially outward toward the tip. . Therefore, for example, a case where a q-axis magnetic flux, which is a magnetic flux of a spatial second-order spatial harmonic, flows from the stator 12 to the rotor 14 as the magnetomotive force of the stator 12 in the directions indicated by the broken arrows α and β in FIG. Considering this, a large amount of magnetic flux can be linked to the induction coils 28n and 28s by the auxiliary salient poles 42. That is, in a certain phase relationship between the stator 12 and the rotor 14, the spatial harmonic q-axis magnetic flux passes through some auxiliary salient poles 42 from some teeth 18 of the stator 12 to the salient poles 32 n and 32 s. There is a case where a large amount of magnetic flux is induced to a part, and a part of the salient poles 32n and 32s is induced to another tooth 18, and a large amount of magnetic flux can be linked to the induction coils 28n and 28s.

  The direction and magnitude of the q-axis magnetic flux changes in one electrical cycle, but the maximum amount of magnetic flux flowing through the induction coils 28n and 28s increases, so that the interlinkage magnetic flux of the induction coils 28n and 28s changes. Can be increased. For example, as indicated by a broken line arrow β in FIG. 3, there is a case where q-axis magnetic flux tends to flow from the teeth 18 of the stator 12 to the south pole forming salient pole 32 s via the south pole auxiliary salient pole 42. A magnetic flux tends to flow in the direction in which the formed salient pole 32s is an N pole. In this case, an induced current tends to flow through the south pole induction coil 28s in a direction that prevents this, and the flow is not blocked by the second diode 40 (see FIG. 4). For this reason, as indicated by solid line arrows in FIG. 3, a magnetic flux caused by an induced current flows in the direction from the S pole forming salient pole 32 s to the N pole forming salient pole 32 n via the rotor yoke 33 of the rotor core 24.

  On the other hand, in other words, the q-axis magnetic flux tends to flow from the tooth 18 of the stator 12 to the auxiliary salient pole 42n via the N pole forming salient pole 32n in the direction opposite to the broken line arrow α in FIG. Yes, the magnetic flux tends to flow in the direction in which the N pole forming salient pole 32n is the S pole. In this case, an induced current tends to flow through the N-pole induction coil 28n in a direction that prevents this, and the flow is not blocked by the first diode 38 (see FIG. 4), and the N-pole forming salient pole 32n is set as the N-pole. Current flows in the direction. Also in this case, a magnetic flux caused by an induced current flows in a direction from the S pole forming salient pole 32s to the N pole forming salient pole 32n via the rotor yoke 33. As a result, each salient pole 32n, 32s is magnetized to the N pole or the S pole.

  As described above, since the auxiliary salient poles 42 protrude from both side surfaces of the salient poles 32n and 32s, when there is no auxiliary salient pole 42, that is, between the salient poles 32n and 32s adjacent in the circumferential direction in each slot 34. Since the maximum value of the amplitude of the magnetic flux linked to each induction coil 28n, 28s can be increased compared to the case where there is only a space between them, the change in the linkage magnetic flux can be increased.

  Then, the magnetic field of each salient pole 32n, 32s (magnet with a fixed magnetic pole) interacts with the rotating magnetic field (fundamental wave component) generated by the stator 12 to cause attraction and repulsion. Torque (torque corresponding to magnet torque) is also applied to the rotor 14 by electromagnetic interaction (attraction and repulsion) between the rotating magnetic field (fundamental wave component) generated by the stator 12 and the magnetic field of the salient poles 32n and 32s (magnet). The rotor 14 is driven to rotate in synchronization with the rotating magnetic field (fundamental wave component) generated by the stator 12. In this way, the rotating electrical machine 10 can function as a motor that generates power (mechanical power) in the rotor 14 using the power supplied to the stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w.

  In the present embodiment, two adjacent salient poles 32n and 32s are taken as one set, and in each set, the induction coils 28n and 28s wound around the two salient poles 32n and 32s are connected to two diodes 38 and 40, respectively. The case where it connects via was demonstrated. For this reason, two diodes 38 and 40 are required for the two salient poles 32n and 32s. On the other hand, all the coils 28n, 28s, 30n, 30s wound around all the salient poles 32n, 32s of the rotor 14 can be connected, and only two diodes 38, 40 can be used. FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5 and showing a modification in which the number of diodes connected to the rotor coil is reduced.

  In the modification shown in FIG. 6, in the configuration shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, etc., the tip side of all the N pole forming salient poles 32n (see FIG. 3) that are the salient poles every other circumferential direction of the rotor. A plurality of N-pole induction coils 28n wound in series are connected in series to form an N-pole induction coil set Kn, and all the S-pole formation salient poles 32s adjacent to the N-pole formation salient poles 32n of the rotor (see FIG. 3) is connected in series to form a south pole induction coil set Ks. One ends of the N-pole induction coil set Kn and the S-pole induction coil set Ks are connected at a connection point R via a first diode 38 and a second diode 40 whose forward directions are opposite to each other.

  Further, when two N pole forming salient poles 32n and S pole forming salient poles 32s (see FIG. 3) adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor are set as one set, the N pole common coil 30n and the S pole common coil in each set. The common coil set C1 is formed by connecting 30s in series, and all the common coil sets C1 related to all the salient poles 32n and 32s are connected in series. Furthermore, among a plurality of common coil sets C1 connected in series, one end of the N-pole common coil 30n of one common coil set C1 serving as one end is connected to the connection point R, and another common coil set C1 serving as the other end is connected. One end of the S-pole common coil 30s is connected to the other end opposite to the connection point R of the N-pole induction coil set Kn and the S-pole induction coil set Ks. In such a configuration, unlike the configurations shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the total number of diodes provided in the rotor can be reduced to two, that is, the first diode 38 and the second diode 40. Man-hours can be reduced.

  The above is the basic configuration and the operation of the rotating electrical machine 10 including the rotor 14 of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the rotor 14 includes a configuration including a plurality of rotor core elements arranged at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. In order to further improve the performance of the rotating electrical machine 10 by reducing the magnetic resistance in the magnetic path through which much of the magnetic flux generated in the stator 12 passes, the following specific configuration is adopted. A specific structure of the rotor 14 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. 7 and 8, the same or corresponding elements as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 are given the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in the rotor 14 of FIG. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the rotor 14 of the present embodiment includes a rotor core 24 and a shaft 25 that is fitted and fixed to the center of the rotor core 24.

  The shaft 25 includes a plurality of outer convex portions 46 that are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface and project in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 8, each outer convex part 46 is a shape long in the axial direction with the same cross-sectional shape regarding the plane orthogonal to the axial direction as a whole. Each outer convex portion 46 is connected to the shaft-side root portion 48 having a small circumferential width and the shaft-side tip having a circumferential width larger than the circumferential width of the shaft-side root portion 48. Part 50. The shaft side tip 50 has a substantially elliptical cross-sectional shape. The shaft-side tip portion 50 has a maximum width portion 52 having a maximum circumferential width, and the circumferential width D1 of the maximum width portion 52 is larger than the circumferential maximum width D2 of the shaft-side root portion 48. It has become. The shaft 25 is made of a highly rigid material such as a solid material that is a steel material that does not contain silicon.

  Returning to FIG. 7, the rotor core 24 includes a first core element 54 and a second core element 56, each of which is a plurality of rotor core elements. The rotor core 24 is formed by alternately arranging the first core elements 54 and the second core elements 56 one by one in the circumferential direction and connecting them in an annular shape.

  Each of the core elements 54 and 56 is configured by laminating magnetic metal plates such as electromagnetic steel plates such as silicon steel plates. Each core element 54, 56 includes a rotor-side base portion 62 provided on the coupling side with respect to the shaft 25, and a rotor-side tip portion 64 connected to the radially outer side of the rotor-side base portion 62. The rotor-side root portion 62 forms the rotor yoke 33, and the rotor-side tip portion 64 forms the N pole forming salient pole 32n or the S pole forming salient pole 32s.

  The rotor side root portion 62 is formed with an inner recess 70 that is recessed outward in the radial direction. Inside the inner recess 70, an outer protrusion 46 provided on the shaft 25 is fitted in the axial direction. Each inner recess 70 is formed so as to open at the radially inner end of each core element 54, 56, and has a wide portion 72 with a larger circumferential width at the back. Both side surfaces in the circumferential direction of the rotor side base portion 62 coincide with the radial direction of the rotor 14.

  On both side surfaces in the circumferential direction of the rotor-side root portion 62, semicircular portions 74 are cut out in a radially inner portion from a portion where the circumferential width of the inner recess 70 is maximum.

  The rotor side front end portion 64 has inclined projecting portions 78 projecting in a direction inclined with respect to the circumferential direction from both side surfaces in the circumferential direction. Each inclined protrusion 78 forms the auxiliary salient pole 42 (FIG. 2 and the like). A pin hole 85 is formed at the tip of each inclined protrusion 78 so as to penetrate in the axial direction. The circumferential protrusions 80 for forming the flanges 44 (see FIG. 8) are formed on both side surfaces in the circumferential direction of the distal end portion of the rotor side distal end portion 64, respectively.

  In each core element 54, 56, the induction coil 28 n (or 28 s) is wound around the outer diameter side of the inclined salient pole portion 78, and the common coil 30 n (or 30 s) is wound around the inner diameter side of the inclined salient pole portion 78. It has been turned. The coils 28n, 28s, 30n, and 30s may be wound around the core elements 54 and 56 before the core elements 54 and 56 are connected to each other by the connecting pins 86, or after being connected by the connecting pins 86. And it may be wound before the shaft 25 is assembled.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the inclined protrusions 78 of the first and second core elements 54 and 56 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are connected by a connecting pin 86. Specifically, since the inclined protrusion 78 of the first core element 54 and the inclined protrusion 78 of the second core element 56 are offset in the axial direction, the inclination is caused when the core elements 54 and 56 are arranged in an annular shape. The protrusions 78 can be annularly aligned without interfering with each other.

  Therefore, in a state where the pin hole 85 of the inclined protrusion 78 of the first core element 54 and the pin hole 85 of the inclined protrusion 78 of the second core element 56 are aligned in a straight line along the axial direction, the connecting pin By inserting or press-fitting 86 into the pin hole 85, the first and second core elements 54 and 56 arranged in an annular shape can be connected to each other.

  In this case, if the magnetic flux path including the axial path is formed via the auxiliary salient pole 42 constituted by the inclined protrusion 78 and the connecting pin 86, the torque output is reduced due to the magnetic flux leakage. 54 to form an axial gap between the auxiliary salient poles 54 (i.e. inclined projections 78) and the auxiliary salient poles 42 (i.e. inclined projections 78) of the second core element 56 and / or, for example, stainless steel It is preferable to use a connecting pin 86 made of a nonmagnetic material such as.

  The shaft 25 is inserted in the axial direction so that the outer convex portions 46 of the shaft 25 are fitted in the inner concave portions 70 of the first and second core elements 54 and 56 that are annularly connected as described above. It is press-fitted and assembled. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of pin engaging portions 87 formed so that two semicircular portions 74 are opposed to each other so as to spread the rotor side root portions 62 of the adjacent core elements 54 and 56. A plurality of backlash reduction pins 88 are inserted or press-fitted in the axial direction. As a result, the core elements 54 and 56 adjacent in the circumferential direction are assembled between the adjacent core elements 54 and 56 in a state in which the core elements 54 and 56 are firmly in contact with each other in the circumferential direction at the rotor-side root portion 62 provided on the coupling side with respect to the shaft 25. The backlash can be reduced.

  In the rotor 14 according to this embodiment, a plurality of core elements 54 and 56 arranged at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction are provided in contact with each other at the rotor-side root portion 62, so that the magnetic flux generated in the stator 12 can be reduced. Since the magnetic path through which most passes does not pass through the shaft 25, the magnetic resistance does not increase, and the performance of the rotating electrical machine 10 can be improved.

  In the above description, induction coils 28n and 28s and common coils 30n and 30s are wound around the N-pole forming salient pole 32n and the S-pole forming salient pole 32s, and are adjacent in the circumferential direction via the two diodes 38 and 40. The rotor configuration in which the induction coils 28n and 28s of the salient poles 32n and 32s and the common coils 30n and 30s are connected has been described. However, the rotating electrical machine of the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. For example, as in the rotor 14a shown in FIG. 9, the coil 30 is wound around each salient pole 32n, 32s independently, and the diode 38 or 40 is connected in series to each coil 30. Good. In this case, the auxiliary salient poles 42 as described above may not be provided on the salient poles 32n and 32s.

  Further, like the rotor 14b shown in FIG. 10, the number of diodes used may be reduced as compared with the rotor configuration shown in FIG. Specifically, the rotor 14b is the same in that the coils 30 are wound independently on the N pole forming salient poles 32n and the S pole forming salient poles 32s, but every other coil 30 is provided in the circumferential direction. The other coils 30 may be connected in series and connected to one diode 40 whose forward direction is opposite to that of the diode 38 while being connected in series and connected to one diode 38. Thereby, the number of diodes used can be reduced from the number corresponding to the salient poles 32n, 32s to two.

  Further, in the rotors 14a and 14b shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the plurality of divided core elements 54 and 56 are not connected in the circumferential direction, but are formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets that have been punched into an annular shape in the axial direction. It may be integrally formed by caulking, welding, or the like. In this case, the circumferential position of the rotor core fixed to the shaft can be determined by key fitting, press fitting, interference fitting or the like.

  Next, a diode mounting structure and a cooling structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14 in addition to FIG.

  FIG. 11 is a view showing the end plate 26a provided on the rotor 14 as viewed from the outside in the axial direction. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. In the following description, the side closer to the rotor core 24 is referred to as “axially inner side”, and the side far from the rotor core 24 is referred to as “axially outer side”. This also applies to the entire specification and claims of the present application. It is the same.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 14 includes a shaft 25 that is rotatably supported at both ends, a rotor core 24 that is fitted and fixed by a method such as caulking, shrink fitting, and press fitting around the shaft 25, and the rotor core 24. End plates 26a and 26b disposed on both sides in the axial direction. As described above, the induction coils 28n and 28s and the common coils 30n and 30s are wound around the rotor core 24. The end plates 26 a and 26 b are provided to abut against both ends of the rotor core 24 in the axial direction, and constitute end portions in the axial direction of the cylindrical rotor 14 excluding the shaft 25.

  A coolant channel 89 is formed in the shaft 25 so as to extend in the axial direction. Cooling oil, which is an example of a liquid refrigerant, is circulated and supplied to the refrigerant flow path 89 via an oil pump, an oil cooler, and the like.

  On the inner side in the axial direction of each end plate 26a, 26b, an inner recess 90 is formed to cover the coil ends that are arranged to protrude outward from both axial ends of the rotor core 24 in each of the coils 28n, 28s, 30n, 30s. . Each end plate 26a, 26b is formed of a nonmagnetic material such as an aluminum alloy, for example, and is abutted against the rotor core 24 at the axially inner ends of the outer peripheral end portion and the inner peripheral end portion.

  For example, the axial ends of the outer peripheral portions of the end plates 26 a and 26 b can be abutted against the axial ends of the connecting portions of the auxiliary salient poles 42. In this case, a concave portion that inserts and holds a portion protruding in the axial direction from the rotor core 24 at the end portion of each connecting pin 86 may be formed at the axial end portion of the outer peripheral portion of each end plate 26a, 26b.

  Further, one end plate 26a of the two end plates 26a, 26b is formed with an opening 91 penetrating in the axial direction. Through this opening 91, one end of each of the pair of induction coils 28n and 28s and one end of the common coil 30n are drawn out in the axial direction (see FIG. 5). In FIG. 1, only one drawing end is shown.

  Further, an installation plate 60 is provided to face the one end plate 26a. The installation plate 60 is an attachment member for attaching a diode to the rotor 14. The installation plate 60 is a substantially circular plate member, and is fitted and fixed to the shaft 25 by a method such as caulking, press-fitting, interference fitting, or bolt fastening.

  A heat insulating layer 58 is provided between the installation plate 60 and the end plate 26a. The heat insulating layer 58 has a function of thermally separating the installation plate 60 from the coils 28n, 28s, 30n, and 30s wound around the rotor core 24.

  As shown in FIG. 11, in the rotor 14 of the present embodiment, a plurality of diode elements 41 (electronic devices) integrally including a pair of first and second diodes 38 and 40 are mounted on the installation plate 60. More specifically, six diode elements 41 corresponding to the number of magnetic pole pairs of the rotor 14 are attached to the installation plate 60 at intervals in the circumferential direction. The diode element 41 is fixed to the installation plate 60 by screwing or the like, for example.

  In addition, an annular contact wall portion 92 protruding outward in the axial direction is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the installation plate 60. The diode element 41 is fixed in a state in which the diode element 41 is in contact with the contact wall 92 on the radially outer side. Since the diode element 41 is attached in this manner, the diode element 41 can be firmly held or supported against the centrifugal force acting when the rotor 14 rotates.

  Furthermore, a substantially rectangular opening 93 is formed in the installation plate 60 at an inner diameter side portion of the mounting position of the diode element 41 so as to penetrate in the axial direction. The opening 93 of the installation plate 60 is aligned in the axial direction with respect to the opening 91 formed in the end plate 26a. For this reason, one end of each of the pair of induction coils 28n and 28s drawn from the end plate 26a and one end of the common coil 30n can be directly pulled out in the axial direction through the opening 93 of the installation plate 60. It is like that.

  The diode element 41 has three terminals. And each one end part of 1 set of induction coils 28n and 28s pulled out from the opening part 93 of the installation board 60 and the one end part of the common coil 30n are connected to the said 3 terminal by methods, such as welding and caulking.

  The installation plate 60 is preferably formed of a material having good thermal conductivity, such as a metal material. Thereby, the heat generated in the diode element 41 by energization can be dissipated through the installation plate 60, and the temperature rise of the diode element 41 can be suppressed. However, the installation plate 60 may be made of, for example, a resin material other than a metal material.

  In the present embodiment, all the diode elements 41 are attached to the installation plate 60 disposed opposite to the one end plate 26a. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the installation plate is also provided on the other end plate 26b side. The diode element 41 may be provided so as to be shared on both sides in the axial direction by arranging 60 to face each other. Specifically, three of the six diode elements 41 shown in FIG. 11 may be attached to the installation plate on the other end plate 26b side. Alternatively, the first and second diodes 38 and 40 may be individually packaged. In this case, for example, the first diode 38 may be attached to the installation plate 60 on the one end plate 26a side, and the second diode 40 may be attached to the installation plate provided on the other end plate 26b side. Thus, by providing the diode elements 41 dispersedly on both axial sides of the rotor 14, there is an advantage that heat can be efficiently radiated from the diode elements 41 and temperature rise of the diode elements 41 can be suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the shaft 25 is formed with a first coolant supply path 94 extending in the radial direction. The first refrigerant supply path 94 is a path for supplying cooling oil from the refrigerant flow path 89 in the shaft 25 to the outside of the shaft. A plurality of first cold supply paths 94 are provided radially at intervals in the circumferential direction. The radially outer ends of the plurality of first refrigerant supply passages 94 are countersunk and widened on the shaft surface.

  A second refrigerant supply path 95 communicating with the first refrigerant supply path 94 is formed in the end plate 26a so as to extend in the axial direction. The second refrigerant supply path 95 is provided corresponding to the first refrigerant supply path 94. The second refrigerant supply path 95 is easy to align with the first refrigerant supply path 94 in the axial direction, because the end of the first refrigerant supply path 94 is countersunk and widened. A plurality of refrigerant discharge ports 96 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral wall portion of the end plate 26a.

  The rotor 14 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration includes the first and second refrigerant supply passages based on the centrifugal force of the rotating rotor 14 and, in some cases, the hydraulic pressure of the cooling oil pumped to the refrigerant passage 89. It flows into the inner concave portion 90 of the end plate 26a through 94, 95. The rotor core 24 flows radially outward while contacting the coil ends of the common coils 30n and 30s located on the inner diameter side and the coil ends of the induction coils 28n and 28s located on the outer diameter side. The manner in which the cooling oil flows along the first passage formed in the end plate 26a is indicated by a broken line in FIG. Thereby, each coil 30n, 30s, 28n, 28s which generates heat by energization is effectively cooled by the cooling oil.

  Then, the cooling oil discharged to the outside of the rotor from the refrigerant discharge port 96 formed on the outer periphery of the end plate 26a is further applied to the coil ends of the stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w of the stator 12 located on the radially outer side. The stator coils 20u, 20v, 20w can be cooled. Here, since the drive current flowing through the stator coils 20u, 20v, and 20w is larger than the induced current flowing through the coils 30n, 30s, 28n, and 28s wound around the rotor core 24, the heat generation amount is larger. Sufficient cooling performance can also be exhibited by the cooling oil after cooling the coil of the rotor 14.

  Thereafter, the cooling oil flows down and accumulates at the bottom of the case that houses the rotating electrical machine 10, and the cooling oil extracted by the action of an oil pump or the like passes through the oil cooler to radiate heat and lower the temperature, and then in the shaft 25. It is circulated and supplied to the refrigerant flow path 89.

  On the other hand, a heat insulating layer 58 including an air layer, for example, is provided between the installation plate 60 to which the diode element 41 provided on the rotor 14 is attached and the end plate 26a. It is thermally separated from the coils 30n, 30s, 28n, 28s that generate a large amount of heat. For this reason, the diode element 41 is blocked from receiving heat from the coils 30n, 30s, 28n, 28s, and as a result, it is possible to effectively prevent the diode element 41 from causing a performance failure due to overheating. This is more reliable because the coils 30n, 30s, 28n, and 28s are cooled by the cooling oil supplied from the shaft 25 by a so-called shaft center oil cooling structure.

  In addition, the rotor of the rotary electric machine which concerns on this invention is not limited to the thing of embodiment mentioned above, A various change and improvement are possible.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 13, another coolant supply provided in the shaft 25 by forming a coolant passage (second passage) 98 in the radial direction inside the installation plate 60 to which the diode element 41 is attached. Cooling oil may be supplied from the passage 97 to the refrigerant passage 98 of the installation plate 60. In this way, the diode element 41 can be more actively cooled via the installation plate 60.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the coolant supply path 94 formed in the shaft 25 may be provided at a position corresponding to the heat insulating layer 58 formed by the space between the installation plate 60 and the end plate 26 a. In this way, by using the heat insulating layer 58 as the refrigerant passage, the coils 30n, 30s, 28n, and 28s can be cooled via the end plate 26a without providing the refrigerant passage in the end plate 26a and the installation plate 60. At the same time, the diode element 41 can also be cooled via the installation plate 60. Therefore, both the coils 30n, 30s, 28n, 28s and the diode element 41 can be efficiently cooled with a simple configuration.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although demonstrated that the heat insulation layer 58 provided between the installation board 60 and the end plate 26a consisted of space, it is not limited to this and thermal conductivity is more than air. It may be formed of a material that is high but lower than metal, for example, a resin material. For example, the heat insulating layer 58 between the installation plate 60 and the end plate 26a may be filled with an adhesive made of a resin material. In this way, there is an advantage that the fixed state in the rotor 14 of the installation plate 60 to which the diode element 41 is attached becomes more stable.

  10 Rotating machine, 12 Stator, 14, 14a, 14b Rotor, 16 Stator core, 18 Teeth, 20u, 20v, 20w Stator coil, 22 slots, 24 Rotor core, 25 Shaft, 26a, 26b End plate, 28n N pole induction coil, 28s S pole induction coil, 30n N pole common coil, 30s S pole common coil, 32n N pole formation salient pole, 32s S pole formation salient pole, 33 rotor yoke, 34 slots, 36 common coil set, 38 1st diode, 40 2nd Diode, 41 Diode element, 42 Auxiliary salient pole, 44 collar part, 46 outer convex part, 48 shaft side root part, 50 shaft side tip part, 52 maximum width part, 54 first core element, 56 second core element, 58 Heat insulation layer, 60 installation plate, 62 rotor side root, 4 Rotor-side tip, 70 Inner recess, 72 Wide part, 74 Semi-circular part, 78 Inclined protrusion, 80 Circumferential protrusion, 85 Pin hole, 86 Connecting pin, 87 Pin engaging part, 88 Backlash reduction pin, 89 Refrigerant flow path, 90 inner recess, 91, 93 opening, 92 abutting wall, 94 first refrigerant supply path, 95 second refrigerant supply path, 96 refrigerant discharge port, 97 refrigerant supply path, 98 refrigerant path.

Claims (6)

A stator that generates a rotating magnetic field;
A rotatable rotor disposed opposite to the stator;
A coil wound around the rotor;
An end plate provided to cover the coil end of the coil at the axial end of the rotor;
A diode connected to the coil and fixed to an axially outer surface of an installation plate provided to rotate with the rotor;
A rotating electrical machine in which a heat insulating layer is provided between the end plate and the installation plate that cover the coil of the rotor. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The end rate and the installation plate are each formed with an opening that is aligned in the axial direction, and the end of the coil is pulled out to the outside in the axial direction of the installation plate through the opening of the end plate and the installation plate. A rotating electric machine connected to the diode . In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,
The rotor includes a shaft that is rotatably supported, and a rotor core that is fixed to the shaft and wound with the coil. A rotating electrical machine, wherein a refrigerant passage through which a liquid refrigerant supplied from a refrigerant channel flows is provided between the diode and the coil. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 3,
The refrigerant passage includes a first passage that cools a coil through an end plate provided at an axial end portion of the rotor and then is discharged to the outside of the rotor. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 4,
The refrigerant passage further includes a second passage formed so as to penetrate through the installation plate. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
The rotating electrical machine, wherein the heat insulating layer is a space, and the liquid refrigerant supplied from the shaft flows through the heat insulating layer.

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