JP5720257B2 - Paper recycling equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a paper recycling apparatus and a paper recycling method based on a dry paper recycling technique that uses as little water as possible.

  Conventionally, in the recycling of waste paper discharged from offices or the like, a so-called wet method is employed in which waste paper is put into water, disaggregated mainly by mechanical action, and re-made. Such wet-type waste paper recycling requires a large amount of water, and therefore it is necessary to increase the treatment scale in order to reduce the cost. For this reason, it is indispensable to collect a large amount of waste paper, which requires time and labor for maintenance of the water treatment facility and further increases the energy involved in the drying process.

  By the way, since used paper on which confidential matters are written is also discharged from the office, it is desired to process the used paper in its own office from the viewpoint of maintaining confidentiality. However, since the amount of waste paper discharged from a small office is small, it is difficult to secure the amount necessary for the large-scale processing as described above. Moreover, it is not realistic to install the facilities for large-scale processing as described above in the office. In order to recycle paper, several dry paper recycling techniques that use as little water as possible have been proposed.

For example, in the invention described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-148888), the secondary fiber source is made into a dry fiber to make the printed ink dots so fine that it is difficult to detect the printed ink. Thus, it is disclosed that it is used as a newspaper printing sheet.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-148888

  However, the paper regenerated by the technique described in Patent Document 1 is a paper that has not undergone a so-called deinking process that removes components such as ink particles contained in fibers obtained by defibrating waste paper, and is white. There is a problem that the degree of use is low and the use is limited to newspaper printing paper.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention includes a dry defibrating unit that pulverizes paper by dry pulverization, and a defibration defibrated by the dry defibrating unit. A first transport unit that transports an object by an air current, an adjustment unit that adjusts an air flow of the first transport unit, a classification unit that classifies the defibrated material transported by the first transport unit and deinks the air stream And a second transport unit that transports the defibrated material deinked by the classification unit, and a paper forming unit that forms paper with the defibrated material transported by the second transport unit. .

  The paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention includes a dry defibrating unit that defibrates paper in a dry manner, a first conveying unit that conveys the defibrated material defibrated in the dry defibrating unit by an air current, and the first A classification unit that classifies the defibrated material conveyed by one conveying unit into fibers and ink particles, and a paper molding unit that forms paper with the defibrated material that has been air-classified by the classification unit, The first transport unit includes a transport pipe through which the defibrated material moves, and a cross-sectional area of the transport pipe is smaller on the classification unit side than on the defibration unit side.

In the paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention, the diameter of the transport pipe is smaller on the classification unit side than on the defibration unit side.
In the paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention, the first transport unit includes a tube diameter reducing unit that reduces the tube diameter in the middle.

In the paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention, the classification unit is a cyclone.
In the paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention, the paper molding unit includes a dispersion member that disperses the defibrated material, a suction member that sucks the dispersed defibrated material, and the suction member sucked by the suction member. And a mesh belt that conveys the defibrated material.

  Further, in the paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention, the paper molding unit heats the defibrated material sprayed with the moisture sprayer that sprays moisture on the defibrated material conveyed by the mesh belt. A pair of rollers for pressing.

In the paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention, the first transport unit includes a transport pipe that moves a defibrated material, and the adjustment unit adjusts an area of a cross section of the transport pipe.
Further, in the paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention, the flow velocity of the airflow at the connection portion of the classification unit with the first conveyance unit is greater than the flow velocity of the airflow at the connection portion of the dry defibrating unit with the first conveyance unit. large.

In the paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention, the mesh belt includes a water sprayer that transports the formed paper and sprays water onto the paper transported by the mesh belt.
The paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention has a heating roller for heating the paper sprayed with moisture by the moisture sprayer.

  In the paper recycling method according to the present invention, the paper is dry-pulverized and defibrated, the defibrated defibrated fiber is conveyed by an air flow with adjusted flow velocity, and the defibrated material conveyed is classified by air flow. Deinking, transporting the deinked defibrated material, and forming paper with the transported defibrated material.

  As described above, the paper recycling apparatus and the paper recycling method of the present invention classify the waste paper fibers into ink particles and deinked fibers by the classifying unit, and form the paper with the deinked fibers. According to the apparatus and the paper recycling method, it is possible to reproduce paper that has improved whiteness and can be widely used for purposes other than newspaper printing paper.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a paper recycling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the paper reproduction apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a paper recycling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The paper recycling apparatus according to this embodiment is based on a technique for recycling used paper to new paper by a dry method that uses as little water as possible.

  As used paper to be supplied to the paper recycling apparatus according to the present embodiment, for example, A4-sized used paper that is currently mainstream in offices is used. By feeding such waste paper into the crusher 10 of the paper recycling apparatus, the waste paper is divided into several centimeter square pieces by the crushing blade 11 of the crusher 10. Moreover, it is preferable that such a crusher 10 is provided with an automatic feeding mechanism 5 for continuously feeding waste paper. The input speed in the automatic feed mechanism 5 is preferably high in view of productivity, but if it is too high, a processing apparatus becomes large, so 10 to 100 ppm is desirable.

  The crushing blade 11 in the crusher 10 can be handled by using a device in which the cutting width of a normal shredder blade is widened. The coarsely crushed paper pieces divided into several centimeters by the coarsely pulverized blade 11 are led from the hopper 12 through the coarsely crushed paper introduction tube 20 to the defibrating process which is the next process.

  The rough crushed paper introduction tube 20 communicates with the inlet 31 of the dry defibrator 30, and the coarse crushed paper introduced into the dry defibrator 30 from the inlet 31 is between the rotating rotor 34 and the stator 33. Defibrated. The dry defibrator 30 has a mechanism for generating an air flow, and the defibrated fiber is guided to the first transport pipe 40 from the discharge port 32 along the air flow.

Here, a specific example of the dry defibrator 30 will be described. The dry defibrator 30 includes, for example, a disc refiner, a turbo mill (manufactured by Turbo Industry Co., Ltd.), a selenium mirror (manufactured by Masuko Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and wind generation as disclosed in JP-A-6-93585. A dry waste paper defibrating apparatus equipped with a mechanism can be used. The size of the paper pieces to be fed into the dry defibrator 30 may be those discharged by a normal shredder. However, considering the strength of the paper, fine paper pieces for confidential processing (for example, 4 mm width) discharged by the shredder. A larger size is better, but if it is too large, it becomes difficult to put into the dry defibrator 30, so it is desirable to cut it into several centimeters.

  Further, in the dry type defibrator 30 having a wind generating mechanism, a piece of paper is sucked together with the air current from the introduction port 31 by an air flow generated by itself, defibrated, and conveyed to the discharge port 32 side.

For example, in the impeller mill 250 (manufactured by Seishin Enterprise Co., Ltd.), which is a turbo mill type, by installing 12 blades on the outlet side, the speed is about 3 m ³ / min at 8000 rpm (circumferential speed about 100 m / s). Air volume can be generated. At this time, the wind speed on the inlet 31 side is about 4 m / s, and the paper piece is introduced by riding on this air flow. The introduced paper piece is defibrated between the blade rotating at high speed and the stator, and discharged from the discharge port 32. The discharge speed is about 6.5 m / s with a discharge pipe diameter of φ100.

  In addition, when using the dry-type defibrator 30 which is not provided with a wind generation mechanism, an air flow for guiding the coarse paper piece to the inlet 31 may be separately provided.

  In the defibrating step in the dry defibrator 30, it is preferable to defibrate the pulp into a fiber until the shape of the paper piece disappears, because there is no unevenness in the paper formed in the subsequent step. At this time, printed ink, toner, a material for applying to paper such as a bleeding prevention material, and the like are also pulverized and pulverized to a particle size of several tens of μm (hereinafter referred to as ink particle). Therefore, the output from the dry defibrator 30 is fibers and ink particles obtained by defibrating a piece of paper.

  Further, for example, when a disc refiner is used as the dry defibrator 30, blades are formed in a radial direction on a disk-like surface, but a blade having a border on the circumference is desirable. Moreover, it is desirable to maintain the gap between the rotary blade on the rotor 34 side and the fixed blade on the stator 33 side to be about the thickness of the paper piece, for example, about 100 to 150 μm. At this time, the defibrated material moves to the outer periphery by the air flow generated by the rotary blade and is discharged from the discharge port 32.

  The defibrated material riding on the airflow from the discharge port 32 of the dry defibrator 30 is introduced into the cyclone 50 from the first transport pipe 40. Here, a pipe diameter reducing portion 45 is provided in the middle of the first transport pipe 40. The tube diameter reducing unit 45 functions as an adjusting unit that adjusts the airflow that conveys the fibers in the first conveying tube 40. That is, in such an adjustment part, the air flow which conveys the fiber in the 1st conveyance pipe 40 is adjusted by adjusting the conveyance section of the 1st conveyance pipe 40. As a result, the airflow velocity at the introduction port 51 of the cyclone 50 is adjusted to be larger than the airflow velocity at the discharge port 32 of the dry defibrator 30.

  In the cyclone 50, a deinking process is performed, and the fibers transported by the first transport pipe 40 are classified into ink particles and deinked fibers. In the present invention, other types of airflow classifiers can be used in place of the cyclone 50. Among them, the cyclone is desirable because of its simple structure. As an airflow classifier other than the cyclone, for example, an elbow jet or an eddy classifier is used. The airflow classifier generates a swirling airflow and separates and classifies the mixture according to its centrifugal force and size. The classification point can be adjusted by adjusting the speed of the airflow and the centrifugal force.

When performing deinking with the cyclone 50, a tangential input type cyclone is desirable because it has a relatively simple structure. The cyclone 50 includes an introduction port 51, a cylindrical portion 52 in which the introduction port 51 is tangential, a reverse cone portion 53 following the cylinder portion 52, a lower outlet 54 provided at the apex of the reverse cone portion 53, and an upper portion of the cylinder portion 52. The upper exhaust port 55 for discharging fine powder is provided in the center. It is desirable that the defibrated material (mixture of fibers and ink particles) in the air current is introduced from the introduction port 51 at about 10-20 m / s.

  In the deinking process, the airflow on which the defibrated material introduced from the introduction port 51 of the cyclone 50 is turned into a circular motion in the cylindrical portion 52 having an outer diameter of about 100 to 300 mm, is subjected to centrifugal force, and is synergistic with the airflow. As a result, the ink particles are separated, the fibers are entangled and moved to the inverted conical portion 53, and the separated ink particles are led to the upper exhaust port 55 together with air as fine powder, and deinking proceeds.

  By the way, it is advantageous that the introduction speed into the cyclone 50 is high. Further, if the speed at the cyclone introduction portion is lower than the discharge wind speed at the dry defibrator 30, the defibrated material will stay in the first transport pipe 40, and the density per unit length of the introduction portion into the cyclone 50 will be accumulated. Increases and deinking performance decreases.

  Therefore, in the paper recycling apparatus according to the present invention, a pipe diameter reducing portion 45 is provided in the middle of the first conveying pipe 40 so that the air velocity at the inlet 51 of the cyclone 50 is at the outlet 32 of the dry defibrator 30. It is adjusted to be larger than the airflow velocity.

Hereinafter, a specific example will be described. The defibrated material discharged from the dry defibrator 30 (φ78 cross-sectional area of about 78 cm ² ) is (1) a cyclone 50 from the first transport pipe 40 having a constant square cross section (cross-sectional area of about 50 cm ² ) of 100 mm × 50 mm. The amount of fine powder recovered by the cyclone 50 in the case where air was classified through the inlet 51 is 2.9% by weight (assuming the total amount of used paper supplied to the paper recycling apparatus is 100% by weight). The whiteness of the paper recycled in the molding step was 82 (Xlite-L value). At this time, the inlet 51 of the cyclone 50
The air velocity at was 10 m / s.

The first defibrated material discharged from the dry defibrator 30 includes (2) a tube diameter reducing portion 45 that changes from a 100 mm × 50 mm square cross section to a 100 mm × 40 mm square cross section (cross-sectional area of about 40 cm ² ).
The amount of fine powder recovered by the cyclone 50 when it is introduced from the introduction port 51 of the cyclone 50 through the transport pipe 40 and classified is 3.8% by weight (the total amount of used paper supplied to the paper recycling apparatus is 100% by weight) And the whiteness of the paper regenerated in the subsequent forming step was 88 (Xlite-L value). At this time, the air velocity at the inlet 51 of the cyclone 50 was 12.5 m / s.

The first defibrated material discharged from the dry defibrator 30 has a tube diameter reducing portion 45 that (3) changes from a 100 mm × 50 mm square section to a 100 mm × 30 mm square section (cross-sectional area of about 30 cm ² ).
The amount of fine powder recovered by the cyclone 50 when the air was classified from the inlet 51 of the cyclone 50 through the transport pipe 40 was 4.9% by weight (100% by weight of the total amount of used paper supplied to the paper recycling apparatus) And the whiteness of the paper regenerated in the subsequent molding step was 91 (Xlite-L value). At this time, the air velocity at the inlet 51 of the cyclone 50 was 16.7 m / s.

  The whiteness when the recycled paper was molded without classifying the defibrated material discharged from the dry defibrator 30 with the cyclone 50 was 79 (Xlite-L value).

  In any of the cases (1) to (3), the fine powder collected by the cyclone 50 contains some cotton-like short fibers, but contains a large amount of ink particles and is deinked. It was confirmed that

According to the deinking process as described above, what is discharged in the airflow from the upper exhaust port 55 in the cyclone 50 is collected in the receiving unit 90 through the third transport pipe 70. This receiving part 9
As described above, the short fiber mixture containing a large amount of ink particles is collected in the one collected at 0.

  Further, according to the deinking process, what is discharged from the lower outlet 54 in the cyclone 50 is deinked fiber, and this deinked fiber is introduced into the paper molding machine 100 from the second transport pipe 60. The As the paper forming machine 100, for example, the one described in JP-T-2008-508443 can be used.

  An outline of the paper forming machine 100 will be described. The paper forming machine 100 generally has a mechanism for uniformly dispersing the deinked fibers in the air and a mechanism for sucking the deinked fibers dispersed thereby onto the mesh belt 122.

  A small-hole screen is provided on the surface of the forming drum 101 in the paper molding machine 100, from which deinking fibers are discharged. Further, a rotatable needle roll 102 is provided inside the forming drum 101 so that the deinking fibers are floated so as not to clog the small hole screen on the surface of the forming drum 101. . The two forming drums 101 communicate with each other at a location not shown. With the configuration as described above, the deinked fiber is uniformly dispersed in the air.

  Below the paper forming machine 100, an endless mesh belt 122 in which a mesh stretched by a stretch roller 121 is formed is disposed. The mesh belt 122 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow in the drawing by at least rotating the tension roller 121. Further, the surface of the mesh belt 122 is removed by a cleaning blade 123 in contact with the mesh belt 122.

  Further, a suction device 110 that generates an airflow directed vertically downward is provided below the two forming drums 101 via a mesh belt 122. By such a suction device 110, the deinking fibers dispersed in the air are sucked onto the mesh belt 122.

  In the configuration as described above, the deinking fiber conveyed by the second conveying tube 60 is introduced into the paper forming machine 100 for forming paper. In the paper forming machine 100, the deinked fibers are entangled in the cyclone 50, and therefore are loosened again by the needle roll 102 or the like. The loosened deinking fiber passes through the small hole screen on the surface of the forming drum 101 and is deposited on the mesh belt 122 by the suction force of the suction device 110. At this time, a uniform sheet-like deinking defibrated material can be deposited by moving the mesh belt 122. This deinked defibrated material becomes recycled paper (P).

  The mesh belt 122 may be metallic, resinous, non-woven fabric, or any deinked fiber as long as it can pass the air stream. However, if the mesh hole diameter is too large, the paper P is formed. The hole diameter is preferably about 60 to 125 μm. Moreover, if it is 60 μm or less, it is difficult to form a stable air flow by the suction device 110. The suction device 110 can be formed by forming a sealed box with a window of a desired size opened under the mesh belt 122, sucking air from other than the window, and evacuating the inside of the box.

  If the sheet of deinked fibers deposited on the mesh belt 122 is pressed as it is, the paper strength is insufficient. Therefore, the water atomizer 130 sprays and adds water to enhance the hydrogen bonds between the fibers.

Thereafter, the recycled paper (P) sprayed with moisture by the moisture sprayer 130 is the mesh belt 1.
As the heater 22 moves, the heater roller 140 passes through, and heating and pressurization by the heater roller 140 shortens the fiber interval and increases the contact point between the fibers. As a result, the recycled paper (P) is further improved in strength as paper, and can be made into excellent paper by drying excess moisture. As for drying, it is desirable to simultaneously apply pressure and drying by installing a heater in the press roller. The paper strength can be increased by adding a so-called paper strength enhancer such as starch or PVA to the water sprayed by the moisture sprayer 130.

  The recycled paper (P) obtained as described above can be processed by the calendar roller 150 in order to improve the surface smoothness. The recycled paper (P) processed by the calendar roller 150 is cut into a desired size by the cutting machine 160 and loaded on the stacker 170 or the like.

  In the paper recycling apparatus and the paper recycling method of the present invention as described above, waste paper fibers are classified into ink particles and deinked fibers by a classification unit such as a cyclone 50, and the paper is formed with the deinked fibers. According to the paper recycling apparatus and the paper recycling method of the present invention, it is possible to regenerate paper that has improved whiteness and can be widely used for applications other than newspaper printing paper. In addition, according to the paper recycling apparatus and the paper recycling method of the present invention, the minimum amount of water is used, so even if the apparatus is miniaturized, it takes less time to dry compared to the wet method, and is 10 ppm or more. High productivity can be expected.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a paper recycling apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the components denoted by the same reference numerals as in the previous embodiment are the same as those in the previous embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  The first point that this embodiment is different from the previous embodiment is that, in this embodiment, the airflow sucked by the suction device 110 is transferred to the inlet 31 of the dry defibrator 30 using the fourth transport pipe 180. It is a point that leads. As a result, the crushed paper pieces from the pulverizer 10 enter the dry defibrator 30 with the urge of the airflow. According to such a configuration, the air velocity at the discharge port 32 of the dry defibrator 30 can be further increased than the air velocity in the previous embodiment. As a result, the airflow velocity at the introduction port 51 of the cyclone 50 can be further increased from the airflow velocity of the previous embodiment, and an improvement in deinking efficiency in the cyclone 50 can be expected.

  In addition, the second point in which the present embodiment is different from the previous embodiment is that in the present embodiment, a suction portion 91 such as a blower is provided in the third transport pipe 70 and the exhaust from the upper exhaust port 55 of the cyclone 50 is performed. The airflow is further increased, and the airflow velocity at the introduction port 51 of the cyclone 50 is further increased. As a result, improvement in deinking efficiency in the cyclone 50 can be expected over the previous embodiment. At this time, the suction method of the blower may be such that the backflow does not flow back at the cyclone outlet, or the cyclone outlet is temporarily blocked, deinked, and the blower is stopped and then the outlet is opened and the intermittent drive can be repeated.

  In addition, the third point in which the present embodiment is different from the previous embodiment is that, in the present embodiment, the first transport pipe 40 has a first diameter pipe 41 and a pipe diameter smaller than that of the first diameter pipe 41. This is a point constituted by a two-diameter pipe 42. The first diameter pipe 41 is provided with a first valve 43 in the pipe line, and the second diameter pipe 42 is provided with a second valve 44 in the pipe line.

In the present embodiment, by opening the first valve 43 and closing the second valve 44, the fiber defibrated by the first diameter pipe 41 is guided to the introduction port 51 of the cyclone 50 or the first valve 43 is closed. By opening the second valve 44, it is possible to select whether the fiber defibrated by the second diameter pipe 42 is guided to the introduction port 51 of the cyclone 50. When the latter is guided to the introduction port 51 that guides the fibers, the air flow velocity at the introduction port 51 can be increased as compared with the former case. That is, in the case of a raw material with a relatively large amount of white paper or non-coated paper, or when the deinking efficiency is relatively low, the speed at the cyclone inlet is low, and conversely, the amount of ink attached is large. Or, in the case of a raw material with a large amount of coated paper, or when increasing the deinking efficiency, it can be operated by a high-speed pipe 42. In the present embodiment, the first valve 43 in the first diameter pipe 41 and the second valve 44 in the second diameter pipe 42 function as the adjusting unit. According to such an embodiment, the required deinking efficiency can be appropriately selected.

  As described above, the paper recycling apparatus and the paper recycling method of the present invention classify the waste paper fibers into ink particles and deinked fibers by the classifying unit, and form the paper with the deinked fibers. According to the apparatus and the paper recycling method, it is possible to reproduce paper that has improved whiteness and can be widely used for purposes other than newspaper printing paper.

  Further, according to the paper recycling apparatus and the paper recycling method of the present invention, the apparatus can be miniaturized and can be installed in an office, so that paper can be recycled simultaneously with processing of confidential documents.

  Further, according to the paper recycling apparatus and the paper recycling method of the present invention, since it is configured to use as little moisture as possible, water treatment facilities can be reduced, the device configuration is simplified, and a large scale for drying moisture is provided. Energy efficiency in recycling used paper is eliminated.

  Further, according to the paper recycling apparatus and the paper recycling method of the present invention, the paper can be recycled in a relatively short time, so that the productivity is high.

5 ... Automatic feeding mechanism, 10 ... Crushing machine, 11 ... Crushing blade, 12 ... Hopper, 20 ... Crushing paper introduction tube, 30 ... Dry defibrating machine, 31 ... Inlet port, 32 ... discharge port, 33 ... stator, 34 ... rotor, 40 ... first transport pipe, 41 ... first diameter pipe, 42 ... second diameter pipe, 43 ... 1st valve, 44 ... 2nd valve, 45 ... Pipe diameter reduction part, 50 ... Cyclone, 51 ... Inlet, 52 ... Cylindrical part, 53 ... Reverse Conical part, 54 ... lower outlet, 55 ... upper exhaust port, 60 ... second transport pipe, 70 ... third transport pipe, 90 ... receiving part, 91 ... suction part , 100 ... paper molding machine, 101 ... forming drum, 102 ... needle roll, 110 ... suction device, 121 ... stretching row -122-Mesh belt-123-Cleaning blade-130-Moisture sprayer-140-Heater roller-150-Calendar roller-160-Cutting machine-170-Stacker 180 ... 4th conveyance pipe

Claims (6)

A dry defibrating unit for defibrating paper dry,
A first transport unit that transports the defibrated material defibrated by the dry defibrating unit by an air current;
A classifying unit for classifying the defibrated material transported by the first transport unit into fibers and ink particles in an air stream;
A paper molding unit for molding paper with the defibrated material air-flow classified in the classification unit;
Have
The first transport unit includes a transport pipe through which the defibrated material moves, and a cross-sectional area of the transport pipe is smaller on the classification unit side than on the defibration unit side. . The paper recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of the transport pipe is smaller on the classification unit side than on the defibration unit side. 3. The paper recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first transport unit includes a tube diameter reducing unit that reduces the tube diameter in the middle. The paper recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the classification unit is a cyclone. The paper molding unit includes a dispersion member that disperses the defibrated material, a suction member that sucks the dispersed defibrated material, and a mesh belt that conveys the defibrated material sucked by the suction member. The paper recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: The said paper forming part has a water | moisture-content sprayer which sprays a water | moisture content to the said defibrated material conveyed with the said mesh belt, and a pair of roller which heat-presses the said defibrated material sprayed with the said water | moisture content. A paper recycling apparatus as described in 1.

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