JP5713735B2 - リン吸着材ならびにそれを用いた土壌改良剤または肥料 - Google Patents
リン吸着材ならびにそれを用いた土壌改良剤または肥料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5713735B2 JP5713735B2 JP2011054499A JP2011054499A JP5713735B2 JP 5713735 B2 JP5713735 B2 JP 5713735B2 JP 2011054499 A JP2011054499 A JP 2011054499A JP 2011054499 A JP2011054499 A JP 2011054499A JP 5713735 B2 JP5713735 B2 JP 5713735B2
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 81
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 81
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims description 81
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 54
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 title description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVLTXCYWHPZMCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N po4-po4 Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O QVLTXCYWHPZMCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283203 Otariidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010082455 Sebelipase alfa Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001583 allophane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940041615 kanuma Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Landscapes
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
(1)ポリシリカ鉄(PSI)を浄水のために使用して得られる浄水発生土にバインダーを
混合し、成型後に焼成してなる、水中のリン吸着材。
(2)浄水発生土の固形分100質量部に対して、バインダーを1〜50質量部混合した
上記(1)に記載のリン吸着材。
(3)バインダーが珪藻土である上記(1)または(2)に記載のリン吸着材。
(4)焼成温度が100〜400℃である上記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載のリン吸着材。
(5)焼成温度が200〜350℃である上記(4)に記載のリン吸着材。
(6)上記(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載のリン吸着材を用いて、水中のリンを除去す
ることを特徴とする水処理方法。
(7)上記(6)に記載の水処理方法で用いられたリン吸着材からなる、土壌改良剤。
(8)リン吸着材を700〜900℃で再焼成して得られる、上記(7)に記載の土壌改良剤。
本発明においては、上記のようにして得られるリン吸着材を用いて水処理することにより水中のリンが除去される。水処理に際してリン除去は、湖沼、河川、環境水、農業用排水、農村集落処理水、家畜汚水処理水、工場排水等に、リン吸着材を浸漬、またはリン吸着材を充填した容器に処理対象水を通水することにより達成される。使用するリン吸着材は、処理対象水の種類、リン濃度、水量等により形状や量が異なる。一般に、使用量は処理対象水のリン濃度と水量の積に比例し、形状はリン濃度が高い場合には小さくして、吸着材と処理対象水の接触面積を多く採れるようにしたものが短時間で処理が済み、リン濃度が低くても水量が多い場合には形状が大きなものを使用するほうが交換頻度が少なくてすむこと等を考慮して選定され得る。
(製造法)
PSIを使用した埼玉県の浄水場産の発生土50kg(水分70%)に100質量部に対して秋田県産の珪藻土を10質量部添加し、回転ミキサ−で全量を混錬りした。混練した混合物を自動押出機で直径21mmの紐状とし、これを長さ約2cmに切断して円柱状体を作成した。水分含有率約30%を目安に自然乾燥後、自動温度調整式電気窯の中で、300℃で15分間焼成し、淡黄色〜褐色で、固形分約88%、かさ密度0.5g/cm3の多孔質な円柱形のリン吸着材約15kgを得た。
(リン吸着1)
得られたリン吸着材は、比表面積が150m2/gの多孔質で、リン酸吸収係数は約60g/kg以上と高く(図1)、強度を検討するために行った回転式振盪器による100rpmで30分間の振盪でも崩壊性は3%以下で、十分な強度を有していた。比較的低濃度のリンの吸着効果を検討するために、リン酸態リン(PO4-P)濃度が0.7 mg/L、1.08mg/Lの八郎潟干拓地内の農地排水、同11.4 mg/L 、21.1 mg/Lの八郎潟干拓地内の地下水、それぞれ1Lに吸着材80gを浸漬した。この浸漬試験の結果、いずれも48時間以内にほぼ全量のリンを吸着した(図4)。
(リン吸着2)
高濃度のリン吸着性能を検討するために、リン酸二水素カリウム(H2KPO4)を用いてリン酸態リン濃度100〜1000 mg/Lの供試水を調製し、それぞれの濃度の供試水1Lに対して吸着材100gを浸漬した。浸漬後は一定水温で攪拌を行わずに静置状態で保存した。所定の除去率に達するまでの所要時間は、供試水のリン濃度が高くなるにしたがって増加するが、最も高濃度であったリン濃度が1000 mg/Lの場合でも浸漬28日後には除去率が 98%以上となっていた(図5)。
上記の高濃度に浸漬したリン吸着材はリン酸(PO4基準)を3〜30g/kg吸着したことになる。この吸着材を供試水から取り出し、自動温度調整式電気窯の中で、800℃で、15分間焼成した。焼成物を微粉砕し、可給態リン酸を定法により測定したところ、吸着リンの約10%が高温焼成により可給化することが明らかになった(図6)。高温処理により吸着されていたリンが可溶化するとともに、吸着材中の鉄はリン吸着活性を著しく低下するため(図2)、肥料として施用したリンを吸着しないですむため、使用ずみリン吸着材の安全な農地還元が可能となる。
Claims (8)
- ポリシリカ鉄(PSI)を浄水のために使用して得られる浄水発生土にバインダーを混合
し、成型後に焼成してなる、水中のリン吸着材。 - 浄水発生土の固形分100質量部に対して、バインダーを1〜50質量部混合した請求
項1に記載のリン吸着材。 - バインダーが珪藻土である請求項1または2に記載のリン吸着材。
- 焼成温度が100〜400℃である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のリン吸着材。
- 焼成温度が200〜350℃である請求項4に記載のリン吸着材。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のリン吸着材を用いて、水中のリンを除去すること
を特徴とする水処理方法。 - 請求項6に記載の水処理方法で用いられたリン吸着材からなる、土壌改良剤。
- リン吸着材を700〜900℃で再焼成して得られる、請求項7に記載の土壌改良剤。
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Cited By (1)
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CN107159154A (zh) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-09-15 | 武汉轻工大学 | 一种以丝瓜络为基质材料的除磷吸附剂及其制备方法 |
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US20170259243A1 (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2017-09-14 | University Of Copenhagen | Metal oxide coated diatomite aggregate and use thereof as adsorbent and fertilizer |
JP6536973B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-07-03 | 常陽化成株式会社 | 土壌改良材の製造方法 |
CN114538555A (zh) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-05-27 | 神美科技有限公司 | 一种用于污水除磷的高效除磷剂及其制备方法 |
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CN107159154A (zh) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-09-15 | 武汉轻工大学 | 一种以丝瓜络为基质材料的除磷吸附剂及其制备方法 |
CN107159154B (zh) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-12-03 | 武汉轻工大学 | 一种以丝瓜络为基质材料的除磷吸附剂及其制备方法 |
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