JP5712042B2 - Garbage disposal apparatus and garbage disposal method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus that can efficiently dispose of garbage that is discharged as organic waste in food manufacturers, restaurants, caterers, lunch centers, hotels, etc. by microorganisms.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a garbage processing apparatus for processing garbage that is discharged as organic waste in food manufacturers, restaurants, caterers, lunch centers, hotels, and the like. This processing apparatus is provided with a processing tank having stirring means inside, and the raw garbage is disposed in the processing tank together with chips such as wood chips, porous plastic particles, and porous ceramic particles on which aerobic microorganisms are implanted. The aerobic microorganisms were propagated by continuously stirring and mixing them under a predetermined temperature condition, and the garbage was decomposed into water and carbon dioxide by the enzymes of the microorganisms.

  Most of the stirring means provided in the treatment tank of the conventional garbage processing apparatus are provided with a stirring rod protruding from the rotating shaft or directly provided with a blade, and the stirring efficiency is not sufficient. The decomposition efficiency of garbage was not sufficient.

  By the way, in the decomposition process of garbage by the enzyme of an aerobic microorganism, in order to perform an enzyme reaction efficiently, a to-be-processed object may be put in the state which has more water than a dry state, and can supply oxygen. preferable. However, in the conventional garbage processing apparatus, since the mixing ratio of the chips on which the microorganisms are implanted with respect to the garbage is as large as about 1: 7 to 12, the object to be processed finally shows a low moisture content, It is usually in a crumbly state, and is not efficient for decomposing garbage by enzymatic reaction of microorganisms. In addition, since the use ratio of the chips for microbial implantation is large, there is a problem that the amount of garbage put into the treatment tank is relatively small.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a garbage disposal apparatus having a stirring device in which a belt-like vertical blade is provided in a spiral shape on a rotating shaft via a connecting blade. According to the garbage processing apparatus, mixing is performed such that the contents (garbage and fungus bed) in the apparatus gather from the both side surfaces of the apparatus to the central portion and rise and are dispersed on both side surfaces. In the garbage processing apparatus, air is not sufficiently taken in by stirring only with stirring blades, and an air ejection nozzle must be provided separately. Further, in the garbage processing apparatus, since the sandwiching pressure applied to the garbage is not sufficient, the solids are not sufficiently crushed. Especially, the rice becomes dumpling and the oxygen supply is insufficient. If the generation of anaerobic microorganisms causes bad odors, or if sufficient pinching pressure is not applied to the garbage, the fats and oils will not be emulsified in the water, resulting in insufficient emulsification of the fats and oils in the garbage. Since the degradation action by the enzyme does not work efficiently, the fats and oils have the disadvantage of solidifying without being decomposed.

  In Patent Document 2, two spiral stirring blades directly projecting around the rotation shaft are arranged in parallel so that the mutual stirring blades invade each other. There is shown a garbage processing apparatus using a spiral stirring blade that is reversed left and right in the center so that the contents in the processing tank can be conveyed from the side plates to the center. According to the garbage processing apparatus, since the spiral stirring blade that reverses the direction of winding in the center of the treatment tank is provided, the contents in the treatment tank (garbage and fungus bed) are separated from both side plates. It is sent to the central part, and the contents are raised in the central part and are reversed and circulated to the side plate side.

  When the contents are processed by the apparatus, the central portion is excessively swelled with the contents, so that the amount of air held by the stirring device having two rotating shafts is not yet satisfactory, and the contents by stirring are not satisfactory. Since the moving direction is simple, the stirring efficiency is not sufficient, and there is a problem that the air is not sufficiently supplied to every corner of the processing tank. Moreover, in this apparatus, cutting and crushing are mainly performed with a stirring blade. However, since destruction at the cell level such as crushing is insufficient, the exudation of cell contents is insufficient, so that It is hard to say that decomposition is efficient. In addition, in this apparatus, kneading by the pinching pressure is insufficient, so that the emulsification of fats and oils in the garbage becomes insufficient, that is, the fats and oils are not emulsified in water, so that the decomposition action by microorganisms is efficient. It does not work well, and there is a disadvantage that fats and oils are solidified without being decomposed.

  The applicant filed a patent application for the results of extensive studies to solve the problems of the proposals related to the patent documents, and as a result, received a patent (see Patent Document 3). FIG. 9 shows a garbage disposal apparatus according to the patented invention. 10 and 11 are diagrams for explaining the blender in the processing tank of the garbage processing apparatus.

  In the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention of FIG. 9, reference numeral 11 denotes a treatment tank, which is opened at the top of the treatment tank 11 only when the garbage is introduced, and is closed during normal operation of the garbage, aerobic microorganisms, An insertion port 12 for inserting a chip is provided. The inlet 12 has a seal structure that maintains confidentiality. In the upper part of the treatment tank 11, an air supply port 13 for supplying air necessary for the growth and propagation of aerobic microorganisms into the treatment tank 11, generated by processing garbage in the treatment tank, An exhaust port 14 for discharging carbon, water vapor, and the like, and a water supply port (not shown) for adjusting moisture in the processing tank 11 are provided.

  The cross section of the lower portion of the processing tank 11 is a double semicircular shape, and resembles the outer periphery of the lower portion of the two blenders 20 and 21 so as to arrange the two blenders 20 and 21 described in detail later. It is the shape of. A rubber heater 17 for heating the inside of the processing tank 11 is provided at the lower part of the processing tank 11. The rubber heater 17 can be heated to the optimum growth temperature for aerobic microorganisms at the start of operation, when garbage is input, or during winter operation. An outlet 18 for taking out processing residues in the processing tank 11 is provided below the long side surface of the processing tank 11.

  The processing tank 11 is installed on a gantry 22, and a motor 23 is provided below the processing tank 11, and the motor 23 rotates the two blenders 20, 21 in reverse rotation with each other via a rotation conducting member 24. Rotate to embrace the air.

  FIG. 10 shows the garbage processing apparatus shown in FIG. 9, in which two blenders 20, 21 that are rotatably supported through the both ends of the processing tank 11 and arranged at the lower part of the processing tank 11 are shown. This is an example of one of the blenders 20. The blender 20 includes connecting rods 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, 32-4, 32-5, 32-6, 32-- at regular intervals along the length of the rotating rod 31. 7, 32-8, and 32-9 are adjacent to each other at an angle of 90 ° in the circumferential direction of the rotating rod 31. Through these connecting rods 32-1 to 32-9, belt-like vertical blades 33-1, 33-2, 34-1 and 34-2 are attached to the rotating rod 31 in a spiral manner. Each connecting rod 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, 32-4, 32-5, 32-6, 32-7 of the belt-like vertical blades 33-1, 33-2, 34-1 and 34-2, With respect to the attachment directions in 32-8 and 32-9, the blade surfaces are attached so as to be perpendicular to the central axis of the rotary rod 31.

  The belt-like vertical blades 33-1, 33-2, 34-1 and 34-2 are two types of belt-like vertical blades having different arrangement distances from the central axis of the rotary rod 31, that is, the outer belt-like vertical blade 33-1 having a large diameter. 33-2 and inner belt-like vertical blades 34-1 and 34-2 having a small diameter.

  FIG. 11 shows the planes of the blenders 02 and 21, and shows the state of the front and back surfaces of the belt-like vertical blades in one spiral period (360 °). 10 and 11, a1, a2, a3, and a4 indicate the constituent units on the surface of the outer belt-shaped vertical blade, and a1 ′, a2 ′, a3 ′, and a4 ′ indicate the respective structural units on the back surface of the outer belt-shaped vertical blade. B1, b2, b3, b4 indicate the constituent units on the surface of the inner strip-shaped vertical blade, and b1 ′, b2 ′, b3 ′, b4 ′ indicate the constituent units on the back surface of the inner strip-shaped vertical blade. .

  With such a configuration, the garbage disposal apparatus described in Patent Document 3 stirs and moves the contents from the both end positions of the rotating rod to the center position of the rotating rod by the outer belt-shaped vertical blade when the blender rotates. Thus, the contents are stirred and moved from the center position of the rotating rod to both end positions of the rotating rod. In addition, since the two blenders arranged in parallel rotate so as to embed air, the air is actively introduced into the contents, and the taken-in air reaches every corner of the contents in the processing tank. Uniformly spread and actively aerobic microorganisms in the contents. At the same time, the two blenders are rotating in opposite directions so as to apply a pinching force to the contents, so that the solid matter in the garbage that has been pinched is being ground, It is crushed without becoming dumplings, mixed with water to become a highly water-containing mud, and fats and oils are sufficiently mixed with water to progress to emulsification and are easily decomposed into enzymes of aerobic microorganisms. Therefore, decomposition of solids and fats and oils is promoted.

  However, the garbage disposal apparatus of Patent Document 3 is superior to the conventional garbage disposal apparatus in terms of air entrapment and agitation efficiency, and the decomposition processing time can be substantially shortened. Depending on some of the factors, there may be a phenomenon in which raw garbage is unevenly distributed in the treatment tank during stirring, and sufficient stirring cannot be obtained, and further improvement for the purpose of improving stirring efficiency has been desired. .

JP-A-8-84980 JP 2000-301114 A Japanese Patent No. 3545731

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a garbage processing apparatus that can further efficiently decompose and reduce the size of garbage by improving the stirring efficiency, and uses the garbage processing apparatus. An object is to provide a garbage disposal method.

The garbage processing apparatus of the present invention for solving the above-described problems has the following features (1) to (8). That is, the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention is
(1) In the lower part, the contents of garbage, chips for microbial implantation and aerobic microorganisms are accommodated , and the section is made into a double semicircle similar to the outer periphery of the lower part of the blender, and air supply means to the inside the processing tank comprising, embrace the air, the contents of the pressure in blender stirring blade is attached to a rotating rod for the two parallel agitation clamping, it is rotatably arranged freely forward and reverse to each other,
(2) The stirring blade is a belt-like vertical blade attached in a spiral manner to the rotating rod via a connecting rod at a certain distance from the central axis of the rotating rod,
(3) The belt-like vertical blade has a donut shape in which the shape seen from the central axis direction of the rotating rod is perpendicular to the rotating rod in one cycle of the spiral, and the surfaces in contact with the contents are all different angles,
(4) When the blender rotates, the contents in the processing tank are moved from the center position of the rotating rod to both end positions of the rotating rod, or from both end positions of the rotating rod to the center position of the rotating rod. The direction of the spiral of the right and left belt-like vertical blades at the center position of the rotating rod is reversely arranged so that the contents are moved in directions opposite to each other about the position,
(5) The belt-like vertical blade is one in which two kinds of belt-like vertical blades having different arrangement distances from the central axis of the rotating rod are arranged on the rotating rod as an outer belt-like vertical blade and an inner belt-like vertical blade,
(6) The outer belt-like vertical blade and the inner belt-like vertical blade have substantially the same total contact surface area and helical pitch, and the outer vertical blade and the inner vertical blade rotate. Provided on different connecting rods at an angle of 180 degrees to each other at the same point on the shaft,
(7) When the blender rotates, the moving direction of the contents by the outer belt-like vertical blades at the same point of the rotating bar and the moving direction of the contents by the inner belt-like vertical blades are opposite to each other. The direction of the spiral of the vertical blade is reversed,
(8) The outer belt-like vertical blade moves the contents from both end positions of the rotating rod by rotation to the center position of the rotating rod, and the inner belt-like vertical blade rotates from the center position of the rotating rod to both end positions of the rotating rod. A spiral direction of each belt-like vertical blade is arranged so as to move the contents.

  The garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention is an improvement of the garbage disposal apparatus described in Japanese Patent No. 35475731 of the applicant's application, and is a surface in contact with the contents of the inner vertical blade and the outer vertical blade. The area is set so as to be substantially equal. In the present invention, the “band-shaped vertical blade” means that the band-shaped member is attached in a spiral shape via a connecting rod while maintaining a certain space from the rotating rod. The “surface in contact with the contents” refers to any one surface of the band-shaped member used for forming the band-shaped vertical blade, and the “area of the surface in contact with the contents” refers to the size of the band-shaped member ( It refers to the area obtained from the width and total length. Hereinafter, the “surface in contact with (the contents)” may be referred to as “contact surface” or “blade surface”.

  In order to make the area of the contact surface between the inner belt-like vertical blade and the contents of the outer belt-like vertical blade substantially the same, the arrangement length along the central axis of the former rotating rod is made longer than that of the latter Alternatively, the former may be wider than the latter over the entire arrangement length. Any method can be adopted in the present invention. Here, the “arrangement length” refers to the length along the rotating rod of the portion where the spiral belt-like vertical blades are arranged.

  For example, the inner belt-like vertical blade and the outer belt-like vertical blade are substantially equal in width to the arrangement length of the inner belt-like vertical blade along the central axis of the rotating rod longer than that of the outer belt-like vertical blade. It can be adopted when it is formed of a member. The area of the contact surface with the contents of each belt-like vertical blade can take various values depending on the diameter of the donut shape and the pitch of the connecting rod when viewed from the central axis direction of the rotating rod. Although the extension length of the vertical blade cannot be generally specified, it is necessary to always fix the end of this extension to the connecting rod provided additionally. Usually, two additional connecting rods are prepared, and one of them is attached to the outer side of the connecting rods at both ends of the outer belt-like vertical blades at predetermined intervals, and the connecting rods at the ends of the outer belt-like vertical blades are attached. Divide the extension between the new connecting rod and the new connecting rod. The predetermined interval is preferably set so that the sum of the intervals between the additional connecting rod and the adjacent connecting rod is substantially equal to the extension.

  Further, when the inner belt-like vertical blades are widened over the entire arrangement length, the inner belt-like vertical blades are calculated based on the ratio of the area of the contact surface with the contents of each belt-like vertical blade. (The width of this inner strip vertical blade need not be exactly the same as the calculated value). As this method, the inner belt-like vertical blade is obtained by twisting the belt-like member having a width substantially matching the calculated value to form an inner belt-like vertical blade, or the inner belt-like vertical blade is a belt-like member having the same width as the outer belt-like vertical blade. If formed, it may be fixed by a known method such as welding for an additional width along the entire length of the inner vertical blade.

  By adopting the above configuration, the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention enables continuous circulation movement of the contents in the treatment tank regardless of the kind of the garbage to be thrown in. During operation, the contents can be stirred and mixed while sufficiently circulating and moving in the treatment tank. At that time, air (oxygen) is supplied to every corner of the contents, and shearing force is given to the contents. Since the cell contents are exuded by crushing (crushing) at the cell level, it can be efficiently decomposed by a degrading enzyme included in the microorganism in the presence of an aerobic microorganism.

  In addition, during the decomposition reaction of organic matter, air (oxygen) is quickly supplied to this, and carbon and oxygen, which are the main elements, are combined in the treatment tank to generate carbon dioxide. By generating water by combining with oxygen from the hydroxyl group OH—, generation of methyl groups and methane gas as a source of malodorous substances can be suppressed. Moreover, the production | generation of ammonia resulting from the amino group in a protein can be suppressed by presence of oxygen, and can also be decomposed | disassembled into water and nitrogen.

  In the garbage disposal method of the present invention, the garbage: microorganism implantation chip is introduced into the above-described garbage disposal apparatus at a ratio of 1: 0.1 to 1, preferably 1: 0.2 to 0.8. It is characterized by continuously operating at a predetermined rotational speed. Conventionally, the mixing ratio of chips on which microorganisms are implanted with respect to garbage is about 1: 1 to 5 and the garbage is treated while stirring the contents in a papasa state. It is possible to remarkably reduce the input amount of chips for microbial implantation. In other words, since the ratio of raw garbage: microbe implantation chips is charged within the above range to treat raw garbage, the contents during operation of the raw garbage processing apparatus are relative to the contents in the conventional garbage processing apparatus. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an optimum environment for causing the enzymatic reaction of microorganisms. Moreover, in the conventional garbage processing apparatus, it was difficult to supply oxygen to every corner of the treatment tank, and to supply oxygen uniformly to the contents, especially for the content with a lot of moisture. The garbage processing apparatus of the present invention can improve the stirring efficiency in the processing tank by having the above-described configuration, and by continuously operating at a predetermined number of revolutions, oxygen can be actively supplied to every corner of the processing tank. Thus, oxygen can be uniformly supplied to the contents, so that the garbage processing apparatus can be operated at a ratio of garbage: microbe-implanting chips in the above range.

    According to the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention, the inner belt-like vertical blade and the outer belt-like vertical blade of each of the two blenders that are arranged in parallel with each other and that have a stirring blade attached to the rotating rod and can rotate freely forward and backward. Since the area of the contact surface with the contents is approximately the same, regardless of the type of garbage to be thrown in, the contents can be continuously circulated in the treatment tank, and the contents can be circulated. Since kneading can be performed while the contents are not retained in the processing tank, the stirring efficiency is improved.

    With the above configuration, the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention can actively introduce microorganisms and air (oxygen) to every corner of the contents in the processing tank by stirring, and therefore, in the presence of aerobic microorganisms. In addition, it is possible to efficiently decompose garbage in a short time, and since the generation of anaerobic microorganisms is suppressed, no bad odor is generated.

In the garbage disposal method using the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention, the amount of microorganisms implantation chip can be reduced as compared with the conventional, it can be decomposed the contents efficiently in a short time it can.

It is a figure which shows one Embodiment of the garbage processing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the blender in the processing tank of the garbage processing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the blender in the processing tank of the garbage processing apparatus of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the strip | belt-shaped perpendicular | vertical blade of the blender shown in FIG. 3 from the center axis direction of the rotating rod. It is a figure which shows another example of the heating apparatus of the processing tank lower part in the garbage processing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the rotation pattern of the blender of the garbage processing apparatus of this invention. It is the figure which showed typically the movement condition of the contents in the processing tank of the garbage processing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the garbage processing system using the garbage processing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the conventional garbage processing apparatus. It is a figure which shows an example of the blender provided in the processing tank of the conventional garbage processing apparatus. It is the figure which looked at the strip | belt-shaped perpendicular | vertical blade of the blender shown in FIG. 10 from the center axis direction of the rotating rod.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1: has shown the processing tank main body in one Embodiment of the garbage processing apparatus of this invention, (a) is a side view, (b) is a partial cross section front view. FIG. 2 shows a blender arranged in the processing tank of the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. Since the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention is an improvement of the processing tank of the garbage processing apparatus proposed in Japanese Patent No. 3547573 as described above, the improved part will be mainly described below. The description of the configuration other than the improved portion is omitted.

  In the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention of FIG. 1, the lower section of the processing tank 11 is formed in a double semicircular shape, and these lower sections are arranged so that two blenders 20 and 21 described later can be arranged. It has a similar shape to the outer periphery of. Further, on the outer periphery of the body portion of the processing tank 11, an outlet 18 for taking out the contents in the processing tank 11 is provided in a substantially intermediate region in the length direction of the processing tank 11.

  A jacket 26 is provided at the lower portion of the processing tank 11 so as to cover it from below. The inside of the jacket 26 is hollow, and the treatment tank 11 can be heated from below by passing hot air or hot water from the hot air or hot water outlets 27 and 28. By providing such a jacket 26, it is possible to warm to the optimum growth temperature for aerobic microorganisms at the start of operation, when garbage is input, or during winter operation.

  FIG. 2 shows a garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention. In the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention, 2 passes through both ends of the processing tank 11 and is rotatably supported by rotating rod support sections 25 and 25, respectively. This is an example of one blender 20 of the blenders (the blender 21 has the same structure). The blender 20 includes connecting rods 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, 32-4, 32-5, 32-6, 32-- at regular intervals along the length of the rotating rod 31. 7, 32-8, 32-9, 32-10 and 32-11 are adjacent to each other at an angle of 90 ° in the circumferential direction of the rotating rod 31. Through these connecting rods 32-1 to 32-10, the belt-like vertical blades 33-1, 33-2, 34-1, 34-2, 34-3, 34-4 are twisted spirally around the rotary rod 31. Attached. Each of the connecting rods 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, 32-4, 32-5 of the belt-like vertical blades 33-1, 33-2, 34-1, 34-2, 34-3, 34-4, With respect to the attachment directions in 32-6, 32-7, 32-8, 32-9, 32-10, and 32-11, the blade surfaces are attached so as to be perpendicular to the central axis of the rotating rod 31. .

  The belt-like vertical blades 33-1, 33-2, 34-1, 34-2, 34-3, and 34-4 are two types of belt-like vertical blades having different arrangement distances from the central axis of the rotating rod 31, that is, having a diameter. Arranged as large outer belt-like vertical blades 33-1, 33-2 and inner belt-like vertical blades 34-1, 34-2, 34-3, 34-4 having smaller diameters.

  As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 2 and FIG. 10 showing the conventional example, the present embodiment is connected to the connecting rods 32-10 and 32 outside the outermost connecting rods 32-1 and 32-9 shown in FIG. -11 is newly installed at regular intervals, and the inner belt-like vertical blades 34-3 and 34-4 are additionally fixed. By adopting such a configuration, the total area of the blade surfaces of the outer belt-like vertical blades and the total area of the blade surfaces of the inner belt-like vertical blades are substantially equal, and the stirring efficiency in the treatment tank 11 is improved. I am trying.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing another example of the blender in the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows a view of the blender shown in FIG. 3 as viewed from the central axis direction of the rotating rod. A, A ′, B, and B ′ in this figure are the shapes of the respective belt-like vertical blades as viewed from the central axis direction of the rotating rod 31 in one period (360 °) of the spiral of the belt-like vertical blades. The face of the blade looks like a donut. 4A shows the surface of the outer belt-like vertical blade as viewed from the front, and A ′ indicates the surface as viewed from the back of A, which looks like a donut with a diameter L _A. FIG. 4B shows a surface viewed from the front side of the inner belt-like vertical blade, B ′ shows a surface viewed from the back side of _B , and looks like a donut shape having a diameter LB.

  In the example of the blender shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, instead of the one shown in FIG. 2, the total area of the blade surfaces of the outer belt-like vertical blades and the total area of the blade surfaces of the inner belt-like vertical blades are made substantially equal. Therefore, the inner belt-like blade is configured to be wide over the entire length. That is, the widths of the belt-shaped members constituting the inner belt-like vertical blades b1, b2, b3, b4, b1 ′, b2 ′, b3 ′, b4 ′ are set to the outer belt-like vertical blades a1, a2, a3, a4, a1 ′, a2 respectively. It is wider than ', a3' and a4 '. In the example of this figure, the arrangement lengths of the outer belt-like vertical blades and the inner belt-like vertical blades are the same, and are the intervals between the connecting rods 32-1 to 32-9 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 5 shows another example of the heating device in the processing tank of the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention. In the example of this figure, the heating device is a heating coil pipe 30, which is accommodated in a recess 29 formed in a substantially intermediate region in the width direction along the length direction of the jacket 26. The heating coil pipe 30 includes outlets 30a and 30b at both ends thereof, and hot air or steam is passed through these inlets. In consideration of heat transfer to the treatment tank 11, it is preferable to enclose a material with high heat transfer in the other hollow portion in the jacket 26. By providing such a heating device, it is possible to warm to the optimum growth temperature for the aerobic microorganisms at the start of operation, at the time of throwing in garbage, or at the time of winter operation.

  FIG. 6 shows a rotation pattern of two blenders arranged in parallel in the processing tank of the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention. In the table, the rotation direction column indicates the rotation direction of the blender when viewed from the central axis direction of the rotating rod. In this rotation direction column, two stops or combinations of arrows are described for each rotation pattern. The left side is the rotation direction of the blender 20 and the right side is the rotation direction of the blender 21. Moreover, the rotation pattern 1 or 2 in the table | surface has shown the rotation direction of each blender at the time of normal garbage processing operation.

  The rotation patterns 3 and 4 are patterns that rotate two blenders simultaneously in the same direction. Such a rotation pattern is set when the contents in the processing tank are loosened for several hours until the contents are taken out after completion of the decomposition reaction to improve the drying effect. In these rotation patterns, the rotation speed is preferably set to the maximum number of rotations in the rotation drive mechanism. It is most effective to set this maximum rotational speed to 15 to 30 rpm.

  The rotation patterns 5 to 8 are variations set when the contents are taken out. By appropriately switching and selecting such a rotation pattern, the contents can be efficiently discharged from the processing tank.

  The processing tank 11 having such a configuration is charged with raw garbage, a chip for microbial implantation, and a microbial carrier from an inlet (not shown) provided on the top plate (not shown). Further, when necessary, a necessary amount of water is introduced into the treatment tank 11.

  The chip for microbial implantation to be put into the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention includes wood chips, cork pieces, porous plastic pieces, porous ceramic pieces such as dried hardwood wood pieces used in ordinary garbage processing devices. In addition, rice husks, wheat husks, hop husks, coffee jars, tea husks, ground shells of shells, oyster shells, and crustaceans are listed. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. This microbe-implanting chip can uniformly spread oxygen to every corner of the organic matter by stirring and mixing with the organic matter in a state where air is taken into the unevenness of the surface.

  In the present invention, the mixing ratio of the chips for microbial implantation is about 0. 0 by weight ratio with respect to the organic content in the garbage (the amount of garbage when the garbage is all organic). It can be set to 1 to 1 times, preferably 0.2 to 0.8 times. This mixing ratio of chips for microbial implantation indicates the ratio of organic waste in the raw garbage input for the first time when the raw garbage is input into the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention a plurality of times at regular time intervals. ing. Further, the input amount of the microorganism carrier can be determined as appropriate, and may be constant regardless of the input amount of garbage, or may be changed depending on the input amount of garbage.

  Examples of the aerobic microorganism used in the present invention include Bacillus subtilis, which is a kind of Bacillus subtilis. This soil-derived microorganism has an excellent ability to decompose fats and oils, and is marketed as BN bacteria (trade name, manufactured by Meiji Co., Ltd.). Generally, the optimum temperature condition for the growth of aerobic microorganisms is about 30 to 45 ° C.

  After throwing garbage into the treatment tank, if necessary, the operation of the garbage treatment apparatus of the present invention is started while heating the inside of the treatment tank to the temperature range of 30 to 45 ° C. with a heating device. Under this temperature condition, the growth of aerobic microorganisms becomes active and the decomposition reaction of the garbage proceeds as will be described later. FIG. 7 shows the movement of the contents in the treatment tank with a schematic diagram using arrows after an appropriate time has elapsed. In this figure, (a) is a view when the inside of the processing tank is viewed from above, (b) is a view when viewed from the side, 101 indicates a rotating rod of the blender, and 102 indicates that air in the processing tank is introduced. The upper space being shown is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, after a while after starting operation of the garbage processing apparatus, a steady flow of contents can be observed in the processing tank. The length can be increased from the both side walls of the processing tank to the center, and the contents can flow from both ends toward the center in the intermediate region in the width direction of the processing tank. On the other hand, it can be seen that the contents sunk in the center by the rotation of the blender are moving to the four corners on the bottom side. In this way, by making the total area of the blade surfaces approximately equal between the outer belt-like vertical blade and the inner belt-like vertical blade of the blender, the contents move in a circulating flow without staying in the treatment tank. Thus, the stirring efficiency can be improved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, by arranging the direction of the spiral of each belt-like vertical blade, the contents move from both end positions of the rotating rod to the center position of the rotating rod by the rotation of the outer belt-like vertical blade. At the same time, the contents move from the center position of the rotating rod to the both end positions of the rotating rod by the rotation of the inner belt-like vertical blade, and a circulating flow of the contents is formed at each of the upper and lower portions of the rotating rod 101. And the movement amount of the latter content will increase by lengthening the full length of an inner side strip | belt-shaped vertical blade, or making a strip | belt-shaped member wide. Thereby, the contents do not stagnate in the treatment tank, and the stirring efficiency is improved.

  In this way, the organic matter of garbage, microorganisms (fungi), and water come into contact with each other by stirring and mixing in the treatment tank, and the decomposition reaction proceeds. At this time, a technique for sending bacteria and air (oxygen) to every corner of the organic matter in the garbage is necessary. For this reason, in the present invention, the stirring efficiency is improved as described above. A known air supply device can be provided along the upper region of the treatment tank, particularly along both side walls, so as to supply the waste. In addition, a known air injection device is attached to the joint part of the two semicircular bottom plates in the treatment tank (see FIG. 5 (a), reference numeral 37) so as not to hinder the rotation of the blenders 20, 21. You may make it inject a bubble directly in a thing.

  In addition, as the decomposition reaction proceeds, moisture, which is a decomposition product, accumulates in the treatment tank. If this is left unattended, it may hinder the progress of the decomposition reaction. It is possible to provide an air outlet for blowing air on the surface of the mixed contents, and to install a pipe between this and a known blower. At this time, it is preferable that the hot air blown through the hot air generator and the air blower is blown onto the surface of the contents so as not to lower the temperature inside the processing tank that affects the growth of microorganisms. The temperature of the hot air varies depending on the temperature inside the processing tank, the amount of contents, and the like, and thus cannot be generally described, but is usually set in a range of about 50 to 350 ° C.

  As a result of the supply of aerobic bacteria and oxygen and efficient stirring and mixing, the organic matter in the contents almost completely decomposed and disappeared in a short time, and the auxiliary materials such as rice husks did not remain in their original form. Residues that contain seven elements, including mineral elements, trace metal elements, iron, and zinc, can be effectively used as good compost and fertilizer.

  As the organic matter in the garbage is decomposed, the atmosphere becomes acidic and the effect of suppressing the growth of germs appears. On the other hand, an acidic odor may be generated. This acidic odor is caused by various acids generated in the process of decomposition, but the acidic odor disappears from citric acid through several kinds of acids, for example. In order to decompose this acidic odor, an ozone generator may be installed in front of the outlet of the exhaust port, and the acidic odor during exhaust may be decomposed by an oxidation reaction and exhausted in an odorless state. This ozone generator is based on an ultraviolet lamp and is safe without generating NOx. Note that when a neutralizing agent or the like is added in order to eliminate the acidic odor, the decomposition reaction does not proceed, so it cannot be said to be an appropriate measure.

  In addition, in the garbage processing apparatus of the said structure, a crusher may be provided upstream of the inlet 12 of the processing tank 11, and a deodorizing apparatus and a dehumidifier may be provided downstream of the exhaust port 14 as needed. Further, in order to automatically control the temperature in the processing tank 11, a temperature detection terminal (not shown) is arranged at an appropriate position in the processing tank 11, and based on the temperature detected by the temperature detection terminal. The heating device may be turned on and off so that the temperature is appropriate for propagation of aerobic microorganisms at 30 to 45 ° C.

  In addition, it is preferable that a control circuit is set for the rotation direction and rotation speed of each blender so that automatic operation and manual operation including forward / reverse switching of rotation can be performed during garbage disposal. Also, when switching between forward and reverse rotation, stop for 10 to 30 seconds after switching to start after switching the rotation direction to protect the rotational drive system, and stop for up to 60 seconds for repeated operation. It is preferable to set to.

  Moreover, the contents in the treatment tank can be discharged, for example, as follows. Place the 1-ton flexible container bag on a cart with a dedicated caster, move it to the bottom of the discharge port, and set the cart on the mouth of the contents flexible container bag. Open the outlet and receive the residue that falls by its own weight with the flexible container bag. When it is full, place a cart with the next FIBC bag set in the same way and receive it with the FIBC bag. At this time, the stirring blades of the treatment tank can be manually rotated with a hand switch and the contents can be discharged. This hand switch can freely rotate the blades, and the residue in the treatment tank can be easily stored in the flexible container bag.

  FIG. 8 shows an example of a garbage disposal system using the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention. In this figure, 10 is a garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention, 11 is a treatment tank, 40 is a microbial implantation chip storage tank, 42 is an ejector, 44 is an air supply blower, 45 is a three-way valve, 49 is an exhaust blower, 50 is a three-way valve and 54 is an ozone generator. An exhaust chamber 38 having an exhaust port 14 is provided on the upper portion of the processing tank 11 through a filter 37. In addition, in this figure, illustration of the input port of the garbage in the processing tank 11 is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in this figure, a predetermined amount of the microorganism-implanting chip is supplied into the processing tank 11 by an ejector 42 as necessary. Further, the path of the outside air sucked by the air supply blower 44 is switched by the three-way valve 45 and supplied to the exhaust chamber 38 or the processing tank 11. Further, the exhaust from the exhaust chamber 38 is sucked by the exhaust blower 49 and supplied to the ejector 42 by the three-way valve 50 to be used for sucking up the chip, or is brought into the atmosphere after contacting with ozone in the ozone generator 54. Released. Since about 90% of the organic matter is converted to water by the decomposition reaction, a large amount of water is generated in the treatment tank. This water is an aggregate of molecules, and when the number of molecules decreases, repulsion between molecules occurs and vibrations occur 1000 times per second. Taking advantage of this property, when a strong wind is applied to the amount of generated water and they are separated from each other, they are exhausted by the exhaust blower 49, removed and dried. This drying can be set to be carried out several hours before the removal of the processing residue.

Operation Example of Garbage Disposal Apparatus Garbage treatment was performed in the following process using the garbage disposal apparatus shown in FIGS. The raw garbage used in the following examples is a total of 50 kg of 15 kg of rice, 25 kg of side dishes, 5 kg of cooking residue of raw fish, and 5 kg of vegetable scrap.

  Before processing garbage, 5 kg (rice husk) for microbial implantation is introduced into the treatment tank 11 from the inlet 12 and 20 g of BN bacteria (trade name, Bacillus subtilis, manufactured by Meiji Food Materia Co., Ltd.) as aerobic microorganisms. Was dissolved in water at 40 ° C. and charged from an inlet (not shown). Then, it heated with hot air in the jacket so that the temperature in the processing tank 11 might be 40 degreeC. At this time, the exhaust blower (see FIG. 8, reference numeral 49) and the air supply blower (see FIG. 8, reference numeral 44) were turned on, exhausted from the exhaust port 14, and intaked from the air supply port 13.

    50 liters (50 kg) of garbage was charged at a time. The input ratio between the garbage and the rice husk was set to garbage: rice husk = 1: 0.1 (weight ratio).

    The contents in the processing tank 11 were continuously stirred by rotating the two blenders 20 and 21 toward the center from the side of the side wall so as to embrace the air (inward rotation). The rotational speed of the blender at that time was set to 30 rpm.

    After 2 hours of operation, the fish's head was crushed and was not found, and as the decomposition reaction proceeded, the water increased rapidly and became muddy. At this time, the content turned brown due to the Maillard reaction.

    After 6 hours of operation, the rice particles became invisible. The contents in the treatment tank became mud and no bad odor was observed.

  After 8 hours of operation, it was found that the contents were further muddy, but no bad odor could be detected. When the contents were taken out and weighed, they were reduced by 10 kg compared to the amount of raw garbage input at the beginning of operation. This decrease is because carbon dioxide and water vapor generated by the decomposition reaction are discharged from the exhaust port.

After 12 hours of operation, the contents became muddy and the internal temperature rose rapidly from 40 ° C to 48 ° C. This is because at the stage where the substrate on which the microbial enzyme acts disappears and the substrate reaction is completed, the already produced ATP is oxidized and burned, and the temperature rapidly rises.

  After 20 hours of operation, no undecomposed material was found in the contents, and the contents were almost dry.

  When the moisture content of the contents was measured after 23 hours of operation, it was about 20 to 30%. At this time, the weight of the contents was initially 50 kg, but became 5 kg, which decreased by 45 kg or more. As described above, by using the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention, microorganisms (fungi) are incorporated in the matrix of food residues generated in human life, processing residues generated in food processing plants, and the like. Various enzymes can be decomposed within 24 hours of the human life cycle.

Next, only 50 kg of the next lot of garbage was put into the garbage processing apparatus. Furthermore, from the next day, only 50 kg of garbage was introduced every day for 5 days (when these garbage were introduced, no chips for microbial implantation or aerobic microorganisms were added). On day 7, the observation was performed by the contents were taken out from the exhaust outlet of the processing tank. The taken out content was almost dry, and the presence of undegraded product was not recognized.

As described above, the garbage disposal of the present invention, since the agitation efficiency of the content can be significantly improved, it is possible to effectively decomposed in a short time, dosage of microorganisms implantation chips and microorganisms per se Can be significantly reduced. Further, in this specification, the garbage such as food processing residue has been described in detail. However, the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention is also applicable to, for example, the decomposition treatment of industrial waste and food sludge, etc. containing organic matter as a sliding component. Is something that can be done.

11 treatment tank 12 inlet 13 air supply port 14 exhaust port 15, 16 water supply port 17 rubber heater 18 outlet 20, 21 blender 22 mount 23 motor 24 rotation conduction member 25 rotation conduction member support 26 jacket 29 recess 30 heating coil Pipe 31, 41, 101 Rotating rod 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, 32-4, 32-5, 32-6, 32-7, 32-8, 32-9, 32-10, 32- 11, 42-1, 42-2, 42-3, 42-4, 42-5 connecting rods 33-1, 33-2, 34-1, 34-2, 34-3, 34-4 belt-like vertical blade 102 Upper space 37 Filter 38 Exhaust chamber 40 Microbial implantation chip storage tank 42 Ejector 44 Supply blower 45, 50 Three-way valve 49 Exhaust blower 54 Ozone generator

Claims (7)

(1) In the lower part, the contents of garbage, chips for microbial implantation and aerobic microorganisms are accommodated , and the section is made into a double semicircle similar to the outer periphery of the lower part of the blender, and air supply means to the inside the processing tank comprising, embrace the air, the contents of the pressure in blender stirring blade is attached to a rotating rod for the two parallel agitation clamping, it is rotatably arranged freely forward and reverse to each other,
(2) The stirring blade is a belt-like vertical blade attached in a spiral manner to the rotating rod via a connecting rod at a certain distance from the central axis of the rotating rod,
(3) The belt-like vertical blade has a donut shape in which the shape seen from the central axis direction of the rotating rod is perpendicular to the rotating rod in one cycle of the spiral, and the surfaces in contact with the contents are all different angles,
(4) When the blender rotates, the contents in the processing tank are moved from the center position of the rotating rod to both end positions of the rotating rod, or from both end positions of the rotating rod to the center position of the rotating rod. The direction of the spiral of the right and left belt-like vertical blades at the center position of the rotating rod is reversely arranged so that the contents are moved in directions opposite to each other about the position,
(5) The belt-like vertical blade is one in which two kinds of belt-like vertical blades having different arrangement distances from the central axis of the rotating rod are arranged on the rotating rod as an outer belt-like vertical blade and an inner belt-like vertical blade,
(6) The outer belt-like vertical blade and the inner belt-like vertical blade have substantially the same total contact surface area and helical pitch, and the outer vertical blade and the inner vertical blade rotate. Provided on different connecting rods at an angle of 180 degrees to each other at the same point on the shaft,
(7) When the blender rotates, the moving direction of the contents by the outer belt-like vertical blades at the same point of the rotating bar and the moving direction of the contents by the inner belt-like vertical blades are opposite to each other. The direction of the spiral of the vertical blade is reversed,
(8) The outer belt-like vertical blade moves the contents from both end positions of the rotating rod by rotation to the center position of the rotating rod, and the inner belt-like vertical blade rotates from the center position of the rotating rod to both end positions of the rotating rod. A garbage disposal apparatus, wherein the direction of the spiral of each belt-like vertical blade is arranged so as to move the contents. Width of the strip surface of the inner vertical blade, the strip vertically blade based on the ratio of the area of the contact surface with the contents of the so as to conform to the calculated value of the width obtained by the strip surface of the outer vertical blade width The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the area of the contact surface with the contents of the belt-like vertical blades is set to be substantially the same. The inner vertical blade and the outer vertical blade are formed of a band-shaped member having a width equal to the width, and the arrangement length of the inner vertical blade along the central axis of the rotating rod is determined by the rotating rod of the outer vertical blade. The both ends of the inner vertical blade are positioned outside the both ends of the outer vertical blade on both ends of the rotating rod, and the belt-like vertical blades are set. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the area of the contact surface with the contents is substantially equal. The two blenders consist of two reverse rotation patterns during normal garbage decomposition operation in the processing tank, two same-direction rotation patterns during the removal after the garbage decomposition process, and the content of the decomposition process completed. The garbage disposal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the garbage disposal apparatus is operated in each rotation pattern of one rotation and the other stop pattern. 5. The raw garbage processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the raw garbage and the microbial implantation chip are charged at a ratio of 1: 0.1 to 1 and continuously at a predetermined rotational speed. A garbage disposal method characterized by driving. A garbage abatement apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is charged with garbage and a microorganism-implanting chip in a ratio of 1: 0.1 to 1, and a trace amount of aerobic microorganisms. And a continuous garbage treatment method at a predetermined rotational speed. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the microbial implantation chip is rice husk.

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