JP5706840B2 - Hydraulic circuit of deep excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydraulic circuit for a deep excavator configured by attaching a telescore to a self-propelled vehicle via a boom or the like and attaching a clamshell bucket to the tip thereof.

  For excavating vertical holes, etc., a boom is attached to a self-propelled vehicle so that it can be raised and lowered, and a telescore (which combines multiple stages of arms that can be extended and retracted by a hydraulic cylinder, etc.) There is known a deep excavator constructed by attaching a clamshell bucket that is opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder to the lower end of the telescore (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In such a deep excavator, in order to meet a demand for excavating a deeper vertical hole, a work is performed by adding a suspension bracket for deep excavation between the telescore and the clamshell bucket. .

Japanese Patent Publication No. 03-012179

  However, when such a suspension bracket is added, when the clamshell bucket is lifted to the ground and positioned on the loading platform of the transport vehicle, and the clamshell bucket is opened to load excavated earth and sand on the loading platform, The height difference between the two becomes small, and it becomes difficult to secure a sufficient loading amount, so that a too long suspension bracket cannot be added. For this reason, according to the addition of the suspension bracket, an increase in the excavation depth cannot be expected so much.

  In view of this, the present applicant has proposed a deep excavator capable of ensuring the loadability to the transportation vehicle while achieving an increase in the excavation depth in Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-0334415. The deep excavator according to this prior application is provided with a telescopic cylinder between the telescore and the clamshell bucket, and the telescopic cylinder and the bucket cylinder for opening and closing the clamshell bucket also serve as hydraulic piping. The valve is also used as both cylinders, the secondary pipe of the control valve is branched for the telescopic cylinder and the bucket cylinder, and the hydraulic piping for the telescopic cylinder is provided with a sequence valve that opens above the specified operating pressure. In the case of earth removal, the operation of the bucket cylinder is performed prior to the operation of the telescopic cylinder.

  That is, according to the deep excavator according to this prior application, when the control valve is operated to the bucket open side during excavation, the bucket cylinder first opens, and then the bucket cylinder stroke end opens. The hydraulic pressure in the secondary pipe line of the valve increases. When this hydraulic pressure exceeds the operating pressure of the expansion cylinder extension sequence valve, the sequence valve opens, pressure oil is supplied to the bottom chamber of the expansion cylinder, the expansion cylinder extends, and reaches the hole bottom. Subsequently, when the control valve is operated to the bucket closing side in this state, the bucket cylinder is first closed and excavation is performed, and then when the bucket cylinder reaches the most contracted state, the secondary side of the control valve on the bucket closing side of the control valve When the hydraulic pressure of the pipeline rises and the hydraulic pressure exceeds the operating pressure of the expansion / contraction cylinder contraction sequence valve, pressure oil is supplied to the rod chamber of the expansion / contraction cylinder and the expansion / contraction cylinder contracts.

  And in this state where the earth and sand from excavation are held in the bucket and the telescopic cylinder is contracted, the telescore is contracted and the bucket is pulled up to the ground, and the bucket is opened on the loading platform of the transportation vehicle and the soil is discharged. Then, since the telescopic cylinder is in a contracted state, the bucket can be discharged without being held by the loading platform or the earth and sand on the loading platform, and the loading property to the transportation vehicle can be ensured. That is, when excavating, the telescopic cylinder can be extended for excavation, and when excavating, the telescopic cylinder can be shortened for excavation. This restriction is relaxed and deeper excavation is possible.

  The telescopic cylinder can also be used as a hydraulic hose or control valve without increasing the hydraulic hose attached to the telescoreme of the existing deep excavator. It can be implemented and can be provided at low cost.

  However, the invention according to this prior application has room for improvement in terms of operability. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic circuit for a deep excavator that improves the operability and reduces the burden on the operator while maintaining the advantages of the deep excavator of the prior application.

The hydraulic circuit of the deep excavator according to claim 1 is:
In a hydraulic circuit of a deep excavator configured to attach a boom to a self-propelled vehicle, attach a telescore to the boom so as to tilt, and attach a clamshell bucket to the lower end of the telescore,
A telescopic cylinder is provided between the telescoreum and the clamshell bucket,
A control valve that serves both as the telescopic cylinder and the bucket cylinder for opening and closing the clamshell bucket;
A first pipe connected to one of the secondary ports of the control valve is connected to an open side pipe of the bucket cylinder and an extension side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
A second pipe connected to the other secondary port of the control valve, and a closed side pipe of the bucket cylinder and a contraction side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
When the hydraulic oil is supplied to the first pipe line by the switching operation to one side of the control valve, the opening of the bucket is preceded and the telescopic cylinder is extended after the bucket is opened. A first sequence valve set with an operating pressure is provided in the extension side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
When the hydraulic oil is supplied to the second pipe line by the switching operation to the other side of the control valve, the bucket closing operation is preceded by the contraction of the telescopic cylinder, and the bucket is closed after the bucket is closed. A second sequence valve having an operating pressure set so as to contract the expansion cylinder is provided in the contraction side pipe of the expansion cylinder;
The operating pressure of the first and second sequence valves as the maximum pressure of the first and second pipes between the first and second pipes on the secondary side of the control valve and the oil tank. Overload relief valves are provided to set higher hydraulic pressures.
Between the first pipe line and the oil tank, a stop valve that is opened and closed by an operator, and a bucket relief valve for setting a maximum pressure when opening the bucket connected in series to the stop valve,
An operating pressure of the bucket relief valve is set lower than an operating pressure of the first sequence valve ;
The pilot circuit of the stop valve is configured to enable switching of the stop valve to the communication side on the precondition that the pilot valve of the control valve is operated to the bucket open side,
The pilot valve has an operation lever, and includes a switch for switching the stop valve to the operation lever .

The hydraulic circuit of the deep excavator according to claim 2 is:
In a hydraulic circuit of a deep excavator configured to attach a boom to a self-propelled vehicle, attach a telescore to the boom so as to tilt, and attach a clamshell bucket to the lower end of the telescore,
A telescopic cylinder is provided between the telescoreum and the clamshell bucket,
A control valve that serves both as the telescopic cylinder and the bucket cylinder for opening and closing the clamshell bucket;
A first pipe connected to one of the secondary ports of the control valve is connected to an open side pipe of the bucket cylinder and an extension side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
A second pipe connected to the other secondary port of the control valve, and a closed side pipe of the bucket cylinder and a contraction side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
When the hydraulic oil is supplied to the first pipe line by the switching operation to one side of the control valve, the opening of the bucket is preceded and the telescopic cylinder is extended after the bucket is opened. A first sequence valve set with an operating pressure is provided in the extension side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
When the hydraulic oil is supplied to the second pipe line by the switching operation to the other side of the control valve, the bucket closing operation is preceded by the contraction of the telescopic cylinder, and the bucket is closed after the bucket is closed. A second sequence valve having an operating pressure set so as to contract the expansion cylinder is provided in the contraction side pipe of the expansion cylinder;
Between the first and second pipelines of the control valve and the oil tank, the maximum pressures of the first and second pipelines are higher than the operating pressures of the first and second sequence valves, respectively. An overload relief valve is set to set
A stop valve that is opened and closed by an operator between the first and second pipe lines of the control valve and the oil tank, and a bucket relief valve for setting a maximum pressure when opening and closing the bucket connected in series to the stop valve, Are provided separately for the first and second pipelines, or in common with the first and second pipelines via a shuttle valve,
The operating pressure of each bucket relief valve is set lower than the operating pressure of the first and second sequence valves ,
The pilot circuit of the stop valve is configured to enable switching of the stop valve to the communication side on the precondition that the pilot valve of the control valve is operated on the bucket open and close sides,
The pilot valve has an operation lever, and includes a switch for switching the stop valve to the operation lever .

The hydraulic circuit of the deep excavator according to claim 3 is the hydraulic circuit of the deep excavator according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The stop valve pilot circuit is configured to switch the stop valve to the communication side when an operator turns on the switch.

The hydraulic circuit of the deep excavator according to claim 4 is the hydraulic circuit of the deep excavator according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The stop valve pilot circuit is configured to switch the stop valve to a shut-off side when an operator turns on the switch.

In the case of the configuration of the hydraulic circuit of the prior application, the operating pressure of the sequence valve is set higher than the hydraulic pressure required for opening and closing the bucket, so if the control valve is left operated on the bucket opening side, the bucket first opens, and then A series of operations in which the bucket extends. Further, when the control valve is operated to the bucket closing side, a series of operations are performed in which the bucket is first closed and then the telescopic rod is contracted. In order to stop such a series of operations, it is necessary to return the control valve to the neutral position during the series of operations including the bucket opening / closing and the expansion / contraction operation of the expansion / contraction cylinder.

  Here, in the soil removal on the loading platform of the transport vehicle, if the return operation to the neutral position of the control valve is neglected after the bucket is opened and the soil is discharged before the expansion of the expansion cylinder, the expansion of the expansion cylinder The bucket may collide with the loading platform. For this reason, when performing earth removal on the loading platform of the transport vehicle, the operator needs to pay attention to the timing to stop the extension of the telescopic cylinder.

  However, as in the first aspect of the present invention, a bucket relief valve and a stop valve are provided between the bucket opening side pipe line of the control valve and the oil tank, and the stop valve is set on the communication side in advance when discharging the soil. If this is done, the hydraulic pressure in the first pipe, which is the secondary pipe of the control valve, does not exceed the operating pressure of the bucket relief valve. For this reason, since the extension of the telescopic cylinder after the opening of the bucket is prohibited, there is no possibility of the bucket colliding with the loading platform due to the extension of the telescopic cylinder, the operator's attention burden at the time of soil removal can be reduced, and the operability is improved.

  The invention of claim 1 can also achieve the effect of the prior application as it is. That is, if the bucket is lifted to the ground with the telescopic cylinder contracted, and the bucket is opened and dumped on the platform of the transportation vehicle, the telescopic cylinder is contracted, so the bucket is on the platform and the platform. The soil can be discharged without being used by the earth and sand, and the loading property to the transportation vehicle can be secured. That is, when excavating, the telescopic cylinder can be extended for excavation, and when excavating, the telescopic cylinder can be shortened for excavation. This restriction is relaxed and deeper excavation is possible.

  In addition, the telescopic cylinder of the present invention can also be used as a hydraulic hose and a control valve as it is without increasing the hydraulic hose attached to the telescorme of the existing deep excavator. It can be implemented at a low cost and can be provided at low cost.

The overload relief valve in which the hydraulic pressure higher than the operating pressure of the sequence valve is set as the maximum pressure of the secondary side pipe of the control valve, and the pilot valve of the control valve is operated to the bucket open side. As a precondition, the stop valve pilot circuit that enables the stop valve to be switched to the communication side is provided, so that the bucket relief valve can only operate when the bucket or the expansion cylinder is operated to the bucket open side. When the operation is not performed, the secondary side hydraulic pressure of the control valve is set to the highest pressure by the overload relief valve, so even if some external force acts on the bucket or expansion cylinder, the bucket opens and closes, Expansion and contraction of the telescopic cylinder is prevented.

  The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a bucket relief valve dedicated to the bucket closing side or a bucket relief valve also used as the bucket opening side for the bucket closing side pipe, and contracts the expansion and contraction cylinder. For work that does not need to be performed, this bucket relief valve acts on the circuit with the stop valve as the communication side so that the hydraulic pressure in the secondary side pipe of the control valve does not exceed the operating pressure of the sequence valve. The cylinder can be expanded and contracted, and only the bucket can be opened and closed.

In addition, an overload relief valve in which the hydraulic pressure higher than the operating pressure of the sequence valve is set as the maximum pressure of the secondary side pipe of the control valve, and the pilot valve of the control valve is operated to the bucket open and close sides. And a stop valve pilot circuit that allows the stop valve to be switched to the communication side, so that the bucket relief valve works only when the bucket or expansion cylinder is operated to the bucket open or close side. If these operations are not performed, the secondary hydraulic pressure of the control valve is set to the highest pressure by the overload relief valve, so that even if some external force acts on the bucket or the expansion cylinder, the bucket Opening and closing and expansion / contraction of the telescopic cylinder are prevented.

According to the invention of claim 3, since the switch for switching the stop valve is provided on the operation lever for operating the control valve, the operation of the control valve and the switching operation of the stop valve can be performed with one hand, and the operation becomes easy. .

  In addition, since the stop valve is switched to the communication side when the switch is turned on by the operator, that is, the bucket relief valve is operated by the switch-on operation, for example, the switch is turned on only when discharging on the loading platform of the transport vehicle. The switch operation time is shortened and the operation becomes easier. For operators who are accustomed to a series of operations from bucket opening to expansion / contraction cylinder expansion by one control valve operation, and operations from bucket closing to expansion / contraction cylinder contraction, about the soil removal operation on the loading platform Because you only have to be careful, the operation becomes easier.

According to the invention of claim 4 , since the switch for switching the stop valve is provided on the operation lever for operating the control valve as in the invention of claim 3 , the control valve is operated and the stop valve is switched with one hand. Can be operated easily.

  In addition, since the stop valve is switched to the shut-off side when the switch is turned on by the operator, i.e., the bucket relief valve is not activated by the switch-on operation, the switch is turned on during the soil discharge operation on the loading platform. Since the telescopic cylinder does not extend unless it is operated, there is no possibility of the bucket colliding with the loading platform, and the operator's attention burden can be reduced.

It is a side view which shows one Embodiment of the deep excavation machine by this invention in a excavation operation state. In the deep excavation machine of this Embodiment, it is a side view which shows the state which has loaded earth and sand into the conveyance vehicle. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the telescore of this Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the connection structure of the expansion-contraction cylinder and bucket of this Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the structure of the bucket of this Embodiment. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram for bucket opening and closing and telescopic cylinder expansion and contraction of the present embodiment. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram which shows other embodiment of this invention. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram which further shows other embodiment of this invention. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram which further shows other embodiment of this invention. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram which further shows other embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are side views showing an embodiment of a deep excavator according to the present invention in an excavation state and a state in which earth and sand are loaded into a transport vehicle. In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a lower traveling body, and 3 an upper revolving body installed on the lower traveling body 1 via a revolving device 2. The upper swing body 3 is configured by mounting a hydraulic power unit 4, a cab 5, a counterweight 6, and the like on a swing frame 3a. The lower traveling body 1 and the upper turning body 3 constitute an excavator body that is a self-propelled vehicle. As shown in FIG. 1, the cab 5 can be moved back and forth, and the cab 5 is moved forward during excavation work so that an operator in the cab 5 can visually observe the excavation site in the vertical hole 7. ing.

  A boom 8 is attached to the revolving frame 3a by a boom cylinder 9 so that it can be raised and lowered. Reference numeral 10 denotes a telescore, and in this example, the telescore 10 is directly attached to the boom 8. However, the telescore 10 may be attached via a non-expandable arm (not shown).

  This telescoreme 10 is configured by combining an outer arm 10a, a center arm 10b, and an inner arm 10c in a telescopic manner. As shown in FIG. 2, the telescore 10 has an outer arm 10 a connected to the tip of the boom 8 by a pin 11, and both ends connected to the outer arm 10 a and the boom 8 by pins 12 and 13. And the inclination angle of the telescore 10 with respect to the boom 8 can be changed by the expansion and contraction of the arm cylinder 14.

  Reference numeral 16 denotes a clamshell bucket, and reference numeral 17 denotes a telescopic cylinder additionally provided according to the present invention between the inner arm 10 c of the telescoreme 10 and the clamshell bucket 16. In this example, the expansion / contraction cylinder 17 is accommodated and attached to an expansion / contraction rod 18 formed by fitting an inner / outer cylinder body for protecting the expansion / contraction cylinder so as to expand / contract. The telescopic rod 18 is attached to the inner arm 10c by being connected by a pin 19.

  FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the telescoreme 10. The telescore 10 of this example has a built-in telescopic cylinder 20, the rod of the telescopic cylinder 20 is connected to the upper end of the outer arm 10a by a pin 21, and the upper part of the tube is connected to the center arm 10b by a pin 22. A rope 23 pulls up the inner arm 10c with respect to the center arm 10b when the telescopic cylinder 20 is contracted. One end of the pulling rope 23 is connected to the outer arm 10a by the connecting portion 24, the intermediate portion is hooked on the sheave 25 attached to the top of the center arm 10b, and the other end is connected by the connecting portion 26 provided on the top of the inner arm 10c. And install.

  A rope 28 pushes down the inner arm 10c with respect to the center arm 10b when the telescopic cylinder 20 is extended. One end of this push-down rope 28 is connected to the outer arm 10a by a connecting portion 29, the intermediate portion is hooked on a sheave 30 attached to the lower end portion of the center arm 10b, and the other end is connected to a connecting portion 31 provided on the top portion of the inner arm 10c. Connected and mounted. With this configuration, the telescope 10 expands and contracts by interlocking the ropes 23 and 28 and the sheaves 25 and 30 due to the expansion and contraction of the expansion cylinder 20. The pulling rope 23 is provided with a hydraulic hose (not shown) for flowing hydraulic oil for opening and closing the bucket 16 and expanding and contracting the telescopic cylinder 17. In the inner arm 10c, only a hydraulic hose 32 for flowing hydraulic oil for opening / closing the bucket 16 and expanding / contracting the telescopic cylinder 17 is provided.

  In addition to the telescore structure, for example, two hydraulic cylinders are combined such that the rods protrude in opposite directions, and the tubes of the two hydraulic cylinders are connected to the center arm 10b, and one of the hydraulic cylinders is connected. The telescore which has other expansion-contraction means can be used not only in FIG. 3, such as the rod connected to the outer arm 10a and the rod of the other hydraulic cylinder connected to the inner arm 10c. 2 or 4 or more.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view showing the structure of a clamshell bucket (hereinafter referred to as a bucket) 16 and the telescopic cylinder 17 and telescopic rod 18 added according to the present invention. The telescopic rod 18 is formed by fitting an outer cylinder 18a and an inner cylinder 18b having a square cross-sectional shape so that the telescopic rod 18 can be expanded and contracted. As shown in FIG. The bracket 18x provided at the upper end of the outer cylinder 18a of the rod 18 is connected by a pin 19 directed in the left-right direction, and the upper end of the bucket 16 is connected to the bracket 18y provided at the lower end of the inner cylinder 18b of the telescopic rod 18 in the front-rear direction. In this way, the bucket 16 can be swung back and forth and left and right with respect to the telescore 10 to prevent excessive force from being applied to the bucket 16.

  In order to increase the strength of the mounting portion for the telescopic rod 18 and simplify the structure as a reinforcing member, the telescopic cylinder 17 is pinned to the bracket 18x at the upper end of the outer cylinder 18a of the telescopic rod 18 in order to simplify the structure. 34, and the rod side end of the telescopic cylinder 17 is coupled to the pin 35 to the bracket 18 y at the lower end of the inner cylinder 18 b of the telescopic rod 18. When the telescopic cylinder 17 is contracted, the bottom of the bucket 16 is in the raised position indicated by H, and when the telescopic cylinder 17 is extended, the lower position is indicated by L, and the length of the extended state of the telescopic cylinder 17 is added. Deep digging is possible.

  FIG. 5 shows the structure of the bucket 16. The bucket 16 of this embodiment is provided with a bucket cylinder 36 at the center. The bucket cylinder 36 is externally fitted so that a tube 36c can be moved up and down with respect to a rod 36b having a piston 36a fixed to an intermediate portion. It has a structured. The rod 36b also serves as a support for the shell 41 described later. The bucket cylinder 36 has an open side chamber (oil chamber that supplies hydraulic oil when opening the bucket) 36d and a closed side chamber (hydraulic fluid when closing the bucket) that are sealed above and below the piston 36a in the tube 36c. Oil chamber) 36e.

  The frame 40 is fixed to the lower end of the rod 36b of the bucket cylinder 36 by welding or the like. A pair of shells 41 and 41 are pivotally attached to the frame 40 by pins 42 and 42 so as to be opened and closed. 43 is a connecting arm that opens and closes the shell 41 by the vertical movement of the tube 36c. These connecting arms 43 are connected to the tube 36c by a pin 44 and the lower end is connected to the shell 41 by a pin 45.

  FIG. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for expanding and contracting the telescopic cylinder 17 and opening and closing the bucket 16. In FIG. 6, 47 is a main hydraulic pump included in the hydraulic power unit 4 mounted on the swing frame 3a of the ground excavator body, and 48 is a pilot hydraulic pump. Reference numeral 50 denotes a control valve that opens and closes the bucket 16. In the present invention, the control valve 50 is also used for expansion and contraction of the telescopic cylinder 17. Reference numeral 51 denotes a pilot valve for operating the control valve 50. The pilot valve 51 has an operation lever 51a, and a switch 51b having a function described later is attached to the operation lever 51a.

  53 is a first pipe connected to one secondary side port A of the control valve 50, and 54 is a second pipe connected to the other secondary side port B. The first pipeline 53 branches into a pipeline 53A and a pipeline 53B. The pipe line 53A is an open side pipe line connected to the open side chamber 36d (see FIG. 5) of the bucket cylinder 36. The pipe line 53B is an extension side pipe line connected to the bottom chamber 17a of the telescopic cylinder 17.

  The second pipeline 54 branches into a pipeline 54A and a pipeline 54B. The pipe line 54 </ b> A is a closed side pipe line connected to the closed side chamber 36 e (see FIG. 5) of the bucket cylinder 36. Reference numeral 54B denotes a contraction side pipe line connected to the rod chamber 17b of the telescopic cylinder 17. 56 and 57 are overload relief valves for setting the maximum hydraulic pressures of the first pipe line 53 and the second pipe line 54, respectively, and the operating pressure thereof is, for example, 35 MPa.

  58A is a sequence valve (first sequence valve) provided in the extension side pipe line 53B of the telescopic cylinder 17, and 59A is a check valve provided in parallel to the sequence valve 58A. This sequence valve 58A switches the control valve 50 to the right position so that hydraulic fluid is supplied to the open side chamber 36d of the bucket cylinder 36 of the bucket 16 and the bottom chamber 17a of the expansion cylinder 17 via the first conduit 53. When supplied simultaneously, the bucket 16 is opened first. The operating pressure of the sequence valve 58A is set to, for example, 25 MPa, which is lower than the operating pressure of the overload relief valves 56 and 57.

  58B is a sequence valve (second sequence valve) provided in the contraction side conduit 54B of the expansion cylinder 17, and 59B is a check valve provided in parallel to the sequence valve 58B. The sequence valve 58B operates the switching operation of the control valve 50 to the left position so that hydraulic oil is supplied to the closing side chamber 36e of the bucket cylinder 36 of the bucket 16 and the rod chamber 17b of the telescopic cylinder 17 via the second conduit 54. When supplied simultaneously, the closing of the bucket 16 is preceded. The operating pressure of the sequence valve 58B is also set to, for example, 25 MPa, which is lower than the operating pressure of the overload relief valves 56 and 57.

  Reference numeral 60 denotes a bypass pipe that connects the bottom chamber 17a and the rod chamber 17b of the expansion cylinder 17, and 58C1 and 58C2 are sequence valves that are connected in series to the bypass pipe 60. In addition, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber 17b is returned to the bottom chamber 17a. 59C1 and 59C2 are check valves provided in parallel to the sequence valves 58C1 and 58C2, respectively. A check valve 62 is provided between the rod chamber 17b of the expansion cylinder 17 and the sequence valve 58B. When the expansion cylinder 17 is extended, the hydraulic oil from the rod chamber 17b is recirculated only to the bottom chamber 17a side. Is for.

  61 is a pilot line for the sequence valves 58C1 and 58C2, and this pilot line 61 is provided between the sequence valve 58B and the check valve 62 in the contraction side line 54B of the expansion cylinder 17 and for the pilots of the sequence valves 58C1 and 58C2. Connect between rooms. This pilot line 61 secures the hydraulic oil pressure to be applied to the rod chamber 17b by increasing the operating pressure of the recirculation sequence valves 58C1 and 58C2 when the expansion cylinder 17 is contracted. Provided for contraction.

  A pilot check valve 65 is provided between the sequence valve 58 </ b> A and the bottom chamber 17 a of the expansion cylinder 17 in the expansion side pipe 53 </ b> B of the expansion cylinder 17. 66a is a pilot pipe line of the pilot check valve 65. The pilot pipe line 66 uses the hydraulic pressure between the sequence valve 58B and the check valve 62 provided in the contraction side pipe 54B of the expansion cylinder 17 as a pilot pressure. In addition to the pilot chamber of the pilot check valve 65, the flow of hydraulic oil in the reverse direction in the pilot check valve 65 is allowed when there is hydraulic pressure in the pilot line. Reference numeral 25 indicates that these sequence valves 58A, 58B, 58C1, 58C2 and check valves 59A, 59B, 59C1, 59C2, 62, 65 are configured as one block.

  Reference numeral 70 denotes a stop valve, 71 denotes a maximum opening pressure bucket relief valve connected in series to the stop valve 70, and 72 denotes a check valve connected in parallel to the bucket relief valve 71. These valves 70 to 72 are provided between the first conduit 53 of the control valve 50 and the oil tank 73. The operating pressure of the bucket relief valve 71 is set lower (for example, 20 MPa) than the operating pressure (for example, 25 MPa) of the sequence valve 58A.

74 is a pilot valve of the stop valve 70, and this pilot valve 74 is provided between the pilot pipe 75 on the bucket opening side of the pilot valve 51 of the control valve 50 and the oil tank 73. The pilot valve 74 is of an electromagnetic operation type. When a switch 51b attached to the operation lever 51a of the pilot valve 51 of the control valve 50 is turned on, the solenoid 74a is energized and switched from the left position to the right position in the figure. Is.

  When excavating with this deep excavator, if the operation lever 51a shown in FIG. 6 is operated in the direction of the arrow 76, pilot pressure oil from the pilot hydraulic pump 48 is supplied to the pilot line 75 and the control valve 50 is operated. To the right position. As a result, hydraulic oil discharged from the main hydraulic pump 47 is supplied to the first pipeline 53, and first, hydraulic fluid is supplied to the open side chamber 36d (see FIG. 5) of the bucket cylinder 36 via the pipeline 53A. Then, the tube 36c rises, and the shells 41 and 41 rotate upward about the pins 42 and 42 as indicated by a two-dot chain line, and the bucket 16 opens.

Here, it is assumed that the operator has operated the operation lever 51a in the direction of the arrow 76, that is, the direction in which the bucket 16 opens, and if the switch 51b is not turned on, the stop valve 70 is in the illustrated cutoff position, The bucket relief valve 71 does not work because it is disconnected from the circuit.

  In this state, the operation pressure is set so that the sequence valve 58A provided in the pipe line 53B on the extension side of the telescopic cylinder 17 does not open at the hydraulic pressure required when the bucket 16 is opened. During the opening operation, the sequence valve 58A is not opened and the telescopic cylinder 17 is not extended. When the bucket 16 is opened to the maximum opening, the sequence valve 58A is opened due to the increase in the hydraulic pressure of the first pipe 53, and the telescopic cylinder 17 is extended. For this reason, when excavating the deep part of the vertical hole 7 shown in FIG. 1, first, the telescopic cylinder 17 extends with the bucket 16 opened. As described above, the telescopic core 17 is extended with the telescopic cylinder 17 extended, or the telescopic cylinder 17 is extended with the telescopic core 10 extended to the maximum, so that the bucket 16 is placed at the bottom of the vertical hole 7. Can be pressed.

When the telescopic cylinder 17 is extended, the check valve 62 prevents the rod chamber 17b from returning to the oil tank 73, and the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber 17b of the telescopic cylinder 17 passes through the sequence valves 58C1 and 58C2. Since the bottom chamber 17a is refluxed, the telescopic cylinder 17 can be extended at a high speed. The reason why such a reflux is possible is that the cross-sectional area of the bottom chamber 17a is larger than the cross-sectional area of the rod chamber 17b, and due to the difference in cross-sectional area, the force pressing the piston from the bottom chamber 17a side is It is because it is larger than the force which presses a piston from the side.

  Next, when the operator in the cab 5 operates the operation lever 51a of the pilot valve 51 in the direction of the arrow 79 to switch the control valve 50 to the left position, the hydraulic oil discharged from the main hydraulic pump 47 is in the second pipeline 54. To be supplied. Here, in normal excavation, the operating pressure of the sequence valve 58B is set so as not to open at the hydraulic pressure required when closing the bucket 16, so the sequence valve 58B is not opened, and the telescopic cylinder 17 is Does not shrink. For this reason, from the bucket open state where the tube 36c of the bucket cylinder 36 is raised, the tube 36c is lowered, the shells 41 and 41 are rotated downward about the pins 42 and 42, the bucket 16 is closed and excavation is performed. .

  When the bucket 16 is closed, the sequence valve 58B is opened due to the increase in the hydraulic pressure of the second pipe 54, and accordingly, the pilot check valve 65 is also opened due to the increase in the hydraulic pressure of the pilot pipe 66, and at the same time, the sequence valve 58C1. The pilot pressure is applied from the pilot pipe 61 to the pilot chamber of 58C2, the operating pressure of the sequence valves 58C1 and 58C2 is increased, the flow of hydraulic oil through the sequence valves 58C1 and 58C2 is blocked, and the hydraulic oil is introduced into the rod chamber 17b. Then, the hydraulic oil in the bottom chamber 17a flows out through the pilot check valve 65, and the telescopic cylinder 17 contracts.

  Thus, when the earth and sand are accommodated in the bucket 16 and the telescopic cylinder 17 is in a contracted state, the control valve 50 is returned to the neutral position, the telescore 10 is contracted, and the transport is performed as shown in FIG. By placing the bucket 16 on the loading platform 63 of the commercial vehicle and switching the control valve 50 to the right position again, the bucket 16 can be opened while the telescopic cylinder 17 is closed, and the earth and sand in the bucket 16 can be loaded on the loading platform 63. it can.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the bucket 16 is attached to the lower end of the telescore 10 via the telescopic cylinder 17, and the telescopic cylinder 17 can be extended during excavation. On the other hand, excavation is possible, and the earth can be discharged without the bucket 16 being held by the loading platform 63 or the earth and sand 64 on the loading platform 63 because the expansion and contraction cylinder 17 can be removed in a short time during the soil removal. That is, as compared with the conventional suspension bracket, the restriction on the bucket height in the soil removal is relaxed, and excavation can be performed at a deeper location.

  Moreover, since the hydraulic lines 53 and 54 for operating the telescopic cylinder 17 and the control valve 50 are also used for the bucket 16, the hydraulic pressure attached to the telescore 10 of the existing deep excavator. Since the hose and the control valve 50 can also be used as they are, they can be implemented by a slight modification of an existing deep excavator and can be provided at low cost.

  When excavating with the bucket 16 closed as described above, the hydraulic pressure applied to the rod chamber 17b of the expansion cylinder 17 is increased when the hydraulic pressure of the second pipeline 54 rises due to the inclusion of rocks in the excavation target. By the rise, the telescopic cylinder 17 contracts and slightly rises from the object to be excavated, and the bucket 16 is switched to the closing direction again due to the decrease in the hydraulic pressure of the second pipeline 54. By such an operation, excavation can be performed while avoiding excessive excavation resistance, so that efficient excavation can be performed.

  In this embodiment, the sequence valve 58B provided in the contraction side conduit 54B of the expansion cylinder 17 between the sequence valve 58A in the extension side conduit 53B of the expansion cylinder 17 and the bottom chamber 17a of the expansion cylinder 17 is provided. Since the pilot check valve 65 that opens the hydraulic pressure between the cylinder chamber 17 and the rod chamber 17b of the expansion cylinder 17 as a pilot pressure is provided, the reaction force at the time of excavation can be received by the expansion cylinder 17 and the excavation force can be secured. it can.

  The above description is the operation when the operator does not turn on the switch 51b attached to the operation lever 51a when the bucket is opened and the bucket relief valve 71 does not act. When the operator turns on the switch 51b when the bucket is opened, the solenoid 74a of the pilot valve 74 of the stop valve 70 is energized from a power source (not shown), and the pilot valve 74 is switched to the right position. Therefore, by operating the operation lever 51a of the pilot valve 51 in the direction of the arrow 76, the pilot pressure oil supplied to the bucket opening side pilot pipeline 75 is supplied to the operation chamber of the stop valve 70 through the pilot valve 74. Therefore, the stop valve 70 is switched to the right communication position, and the bucket relief valve 71 is put into the circuit.

  In this state where the stop valve 70 is switched to the communication side, when the bucket 16 is in the most open state, the hydraulic pressure of the first conduit 53 increases. However, the bucket relief valve 71 causes the bucket relief valve 71 to act. The hydraulic pressure in the first pipe line 53 does not increase above the operating pressure set by the valve 71. Here, since the operating pressure of the bucket relief valve 71 is set lower than the operating pressure of the sequence valve 58A, the sequence valve 58A does not open and the telescopic cylinder 17 does not expand.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the bucket relief valve 71 and the stop valve 70 are provided between the first pipe line 53 that is the bucket opening side pipe line of the control valve 50 and the oil tank 73, and the exhaust valve is discharged. If the switch 51b is turned on in advance and the stop valve 70 is operated to the communication side when soiling, the first conduit 53 of the control valve 50 does not exceed the operating pressure of the bucket relief valve 71. For this reason, since the extension of the telescopic cylinder 17 after the opening of the bucket 16 is prohibited, there is no possibility of the bucket 16 colliding with the loading platform 63 (see FIG. 2) due to the extension of the telescopic cylinder 17, and the operator's attention burden in the soil removal Can be reduced and operability is improved.

  In this embodiment, overload relief valves 56 and 57 having an operating pressure higher than the operating pressure of the bucket relief valve 71 are provided as the maximum pressure setting means for the secondary side pipes 53 and 54 of the control valve 50. Since the pilot valve of the stop valve 70 is configured so that the stop valve 70 can be switched to the communication side on the precondition that the pilot valve 51 of the control valve 50 is operated, the bucket relief valve 71 is configured as the bucket 16 or the expansion cylinder. This is only possible when 17 is operated. When the operation lever 51a is not operated, the secondary hydraulic pressure of the control valve 50 is set to the highest pressure by the overload relief valves 56 and 57, so that some external force is applied to the bucket 16 and the expansion cylinder 17. Even so, they are prevented from opening, closing, and expanding / contracting.

  Further, when the present invention is implemented, the operating means of the stop valve 70 such as the switch 51b may be provided at a different location from the operating lever 51a of the control valve 50. In this embodiment, however, the operating lever 51a Since the switch 51b is provided in the stop valve 70, the switching operation of the stop valve 70 becomes easy.

  Further, in this embodiment, the stop valve 70 is switched to the communication side when the operator turns on the switch 51b, that is, the bucket relief valve 71 works by turning on the switch 51b. The switch 51b only has to be turned on only when discharging on 63, and the switch operation time becomes short and the operation becomes easy. For an operator accustomed to a series of operations from opening of the bucket 16 to expansion of the telescopic cylinder 17 and operations from closing the bucket 16 to contraction of the telescopic cylinder 17 by operating one control valve 50. Since it is only necessary to pay attention to the earth removal operation on the loading platform 63, the operation becomes easy.

  FIG. 7 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. The hydraulic circuit of this embodiment is provided with a stop valve 70A, a bucket relief valve 71A, and a check valve 72B between the second pipe 54 on the bucket closing and expansion cylinder contraction side and the oil tank 73. It is. Here, a common pilot valve 74 is provided for the stop valves 70, 70 </ b> A, and the pilot valve 74 is connected to secondary pilot pipelines 75, 77 of the pilot valve 51 via a shuttle valve 78.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 7, on the precondition that the operation lever 51a is operated to the bucket opening side as shown by the arrow 76 or the bucket closing side as shown by the arrow 79, the switch 51b is used. Is turned on, the pilot valve 74 is switched, and the stop valves 70 and 70A are switched from the left shut-off position to the right communication position, so that not only the extension of the telescopic cylinder 17 after opening the bucket 16, Contraction of the telescopic cylinder 17 after closing the bucket 16 can also be prevented.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment which is a modified example of FIG. 7, in which the bucket relief valve 71 is also used for opening and closing the bucket. That is, check valves 80 and 81 are provided between the stop valve 70 and the first and second pipelines 53 and 54, respectively. In this embodiment, the number of stop valves 70 and bucket relief valves 71 can be reduced as compared with that in FIG.

  FIG. 9 shows an embodiment which is a modified example of FIG. 8, in which the bucket relief valve 71 is also used for opening and closing the bucket and the overload relief valve 56 is also used for the first and second conduits 53 and 54. is there. That is, not only the stop valve 70 but also the overload relief valve 56 is connected to the connection point of the check valves 80 and 81. In this embodiment, the number of overload relief valves 56 can be made smaller than that of FIG.

  FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the stop valve 70 shown in FIG. 6, when the switch 51b is turned on, the stop valve 70 is not switched to the communication side. In the circuit 10, when the switch 51 b is turned on, the solenoid 82 a of the pilot valve 82 of the stop valve 70 is energized, and the pilot valve 82 is switched from the communication side (left position) to the cutoff position (right position). It is comprised as follows. Therefore, when the switch 51b is not turned on, the stop valve 70 is in the right communication position, and the bucket relief valve 71 is in the circuit.

  According to the embodiment of FIG. 10, since the stop valve 70 is switched to the shut-off side when the operator turns on the switch 51b, the switch 51b is used during the soiling operation on the loading platform 63 as shown in FIG. Since the telescopic cylinder 17 does not extend unless the is operated, there is no possibility of the bucket 16 colliding with the loading platform 63, and the operator's attention burden can be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 10, when the switch 51b is turned on, the configuration in which the stop valve 70 is in the cutoff position is not only the bucket opening side but also the closing cylinder as shown in FIGS. It can also be realized as a circuit for selecting whether or not 17 operations are to be continued.

The present invention can also be applied to a structure in which a hydraulic cylinder for opening and closing is attached between the rod 36 b and the shell 41 as the structure of the bucket 16. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes and additions can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Lower traveling body, 2: Turning apparatus, 3: Upper turning body, 3a: Turning frame, 4: Hydraulic power unit, 5: Cab, 6: Counterweight, 7: Vertical hole, 8: Boom, 9: Boom cylinder, 10 : Telescore: 10a: outer arm, 10b: center arm, 10c: inner arm, 14: arm cylinder, 16: clamshell bucket, 17: telescopic cylinder, 18: telescopic rod, 20: telescopic cylinder, 23: lifting rope, 25 : Sheave, 28: Push-down rope, 30: Sheave, 32: Hydraulic hose, 36: Bucket cylinder, 36a: Piston, 36b: Rod, 36c: Tube, 36d: Open side chamber, 36e: Close side chamber, 40: Frame, 41: Shell, 43: connecting arm, 47: main hydraulic pump, 48: pilot hydraulic pump, 50 Control valve, 51: Pilot valve, 51a: Operation lever, 51b: Switch, 53: First pipe, 53A: Open side pipe, 53B: Extension side pipe, 54: Second pipe, 54A: Close Side pipe, 54B: contraction side pipe, 58A, 58B, 58C1, 58C2: sequence valve, 59A, 59B, 59C1, 59C2: check valve, 60: bypass pipe, 61: pilot pipe, 62: check Valve, 63: loading platform of transport vehicle, 64: earth and sand, 65: pilot check valve, 66: pilot pipeline, 70, 70A: stop valve, 71, 71A: bucket relief valve, 72, 72A: check valve, 73: Oil tank, 74: Pilot valve, 78: Shuttle valve, 80, 81: Check valve

Claims (4)

In a hydraulic circuit of a deep excavator configured to attach a boom to a self-propelled vehicle, attach a telescore to the boom so as to tilt, and attach a clamshell bucket to the lower end of the telescore,
A telescopic cylinder is provided between the telescoreum and the clamshell bucket,
A control valve that serves both as the telescopic cylinder and the bucket cylinder for opening and closing the clamshell bucket;
A first pipe connected to one of the secondary ports of the control valve is connected to an open side pipe of the bucket cylinder and an extension side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
A second pipe connected to the other secondary port of the control valve, and a closed side pipe of the bucket cylinder and a contraction side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
When the hydraulic oil is supplied to the first pipe line by the switching operation to one side of the control valve, the opening of the bucket is preceded and the telescopic cylinder is extended after the bucket is opened. A first sequence valve set with an operating pressure is provided in the extension side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
When the hydraulic oil is supplied to the second pipe line by the switching operation to the other side of the control valve, the bucket closing operation is preceded by the contraction of the telescopic cylinder, and the bucket is closed after the bucket is closed. A second sequence valve having an operating pressure set so as to contract the expansion cylinder is provided in the contraction side pipe of the expansion cylinder;
The operating pressure of the first and second sequence valves as the maximum pressure of the first and second pipes between the first and second pipes on the secondary side of the control valve and the oil tank. Overload relief valves are provided to set higher hydraulic pressures.
Between the first pipe line and the oil tank, a stop valve that is opened and closed by an operator, and a bucket relief valve for setting a maximum pressure when opening the bucket connected in series to the stop valve,
An operating pressure of the bucket relief valve is set lower than an operating pressure of the first sequence valve ;
The pilot circuit of the stop valve is configured to enable switching of the stop valve to the communication side on the precondition that the pilot valve of the control valve is operated to the bucket open side,
The pilot valve has an operation lever, and further includes a switch for switching the stop valve to the operation lever . In a hydraulic circuit of a deep excavator configured to attach a boom to a self-propelled vehicle, attach a telescore to the boom so as to tilt, and attach a clamshell bucket to a lower end of the telescore,
A telescopic cylinder is provided between the telescoreum and the clamshell bucket,
A control valve that serves both as the telescopic cylinder and the bucket cylinder for opening and closing the clamshell bucket;
A first pipe connected to one of the secondary ports of the control valve is connected to an open side pipe of the bucket cylinder and an extension side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
A second pipe connected to the other secondary port of the control valve, and a closed side pipe of the bucket cylinder and a contraction side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
When the hydraulic oil is supplied to the first pipe line by the switching operation to one side of the control valve, the opening of the bucket is preceded and the telescopic cylinder is extended after the bucket is opened. A first sequence valve set with an operating pressure is provided in the extension side pipe of the telescopic cylinder;
When the hydraulic oil is supplied to the second pipe line by the switching operation to the other side of the control valve, the bucket closing operation is preceded by the contraction of the telescopic cylinder, and the bucket is closed after the bucket is closed. A second sequence valve having an operating pressure set so as to contract the expansion cylinder is provided in the contraction side pipe of the expansion cylinder;
Between the first and second pipelines of the control valve and the oil tank, the maximum pressures of the first and second pipelines are higher than the operating pressures of the first and second sequence valves, respectively. An overload relief valve is set to set
A stop valve that is opened and closed by an operator between the first and second pipe lines of the control valve and the oil tank, and a bucket relief valve for setting a maximum pressure when opening and closing the bucket connected in series to the stop valve, Are provided separately for the first and second pipelines, or in common with the first and second pipelines via a shuttle valve,
The operating pressure of each bucket relief valve is set lower than the operating pressure of the first and second sequence valves ,
The pilot circuit of the stop valve is configured to enable switching of the stop valve to the communication side on the precondition that the pilot valve of the control valve is operated on the bucket open and close sides,
The pilot valve has an operation lever, and further includes a switch for switching the stop valve to the operation lever . In the hydraulic circuit of the deep excavator according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The pilot circuit of the stop valve, the hydraulic circuit of the deep drilling excavator, characterized in that the ON operation of the switch by the operator and configured to switch the stop valves on the communication side. In the hydraulic circuit of the deep excavator according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The pilot circuit of the stop valve, the hydraulic circuit of the deep drilling excavator, characterized in that the ON operation of the switch by the operator and configured to switch the stop valve to the blocking side.

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