JP5701097B2 - Terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition - Google Patents
Terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、陸上に生息する不快害虫であるナメクジ類やカタツムリ類などの腹足類に属する陸生無脊椎動物に対して忌避効果を有することで、人の生活環境などで不快感を無くすために使用する、陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物に関するものである。 The present invention has a repellent effect on terrestrial invertebrates belonging to gastropods such as slugs and snails that are unpleasant pests that inhabit the land, and is used to eliminate discomfort in human living environments and the like The present invention relates to a terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition.
従来、ナメクジ類やカタツムリ類などの陸生無脊椎動物は、農産物や観葉植物に対する被害をもたらすことが知られており、農業や家庭園芸分野でメタアルデヒド、有機リン及び合成ピレスロイド等を有効成分とする、種々の剤型を持った誘殺剤が開発されてきた。これらの薬剤は人や家畜に対する有害性が問題となり、近年、低毒性のピレスロイド系の薬剤が多数出現している。しかし、その有効性発現機構が殺生物活性に基づくものである限り、人や家畜の健康および環境に対する影響の懸念は排除できない。また、ナメクジ等の腹足類のベイト剤としては有効成分にメタアルデヒドを配合した製剤が一般的である。メタアルデヒドは、それ自身が誘引性を持ち、喫食することによって麻酔毒となる。この様な市販ベイト剤には、顆粒剤、ベイト剤があるが、いずれも死んだナメクジが周りに散らかり、ハエがたかる等の理由から後始末が必要となる。また、顆粒剤には袋入りのものがあり、ペットが袋を破って誤食することも問題になっている。 Conventionally, terrestrial invertebrates such as slugs and snails have been known to cause damage to agricultural products and houseplants, and in the fields of agriculture and home gardening, metaaldehyde, organic phosphorus, synthetic pyrethroids, etc. are active ingredients Intrinsic agents with various dosage forms have been developed. These drugs are harmful to humans and livestock, and in recent years, many low-toxic pyrethroid drugs have emerged. However, as long as the mechanism of expression of effectiveness is based on biocidal activity, the concern about the impact on human and livestock health and the environment cannot be excluded. Moreover, as a bait agent for gastropods such as slugs, a preparation containing metaldehyde as an active ingredient is generally used. Methaldehyde itself is attractive and becomes an anesthetic poison when eaten. Such commercially available bait preparations include granules and bait preparations, both of which require dead cleanup for reasons such as dead slugs scattered around and fly flies. In addition, some granules are contained in a bag, and it is also a problem that a pet breaks the bag and eats by mistake.
一方、害虫防除剤には、殺虫活性ではなく、忌避作用を利用したものが知られている。殺虫活性を有さない忌避作用に基づく害虫防除剤には、高い安全性と害虫防除性能の両立を期待することができる。すでに、植物種子を原料とした天然有機物を用いた軟体動物忌避剤が開発されている。しかし、植物種子から得られる搾り粕を造粒する際の油分含量により、長期間の効力の持続性や忌避効果に影響を受ける。これらのことを安定に保つために、製造工程で手間がかかるなどの問題がある。また、天然有機物であるため、有効成分が明らかになっていないことからも、一定の効力を維持するのは難しい。 On the other hand, pest control agents are known that utilize repellent action rather than insecticidal activity. A pest control agent based on a repellent action having no insecticidal activity can be expected to have both high safety and pest control performance. Already, mollusc repellents using natural organic substances derived from plant seeds have been developed. However, depending on the oil content when granulating the squeezed koji obtained from plant seeds, it is affected by long-term durability and repellent effect. In order to keep these things stable, there is a problem that it takes time and effort in the manufacturing process. In addition, since it is a natural organic substance, it is difficult to maintain a certain level of efficacy because the active ingredient has not been clarified.
本発明は、このような状況を鑑みてなされたものであり、天然由来である忌避活性成分とカチオン基を有するか若しくはカチオニックな性質を示す界面活性剤を配合した陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物を使用することで、人の生活環境などに出没する不快害虫であるナメクジ類などの腹足類に属する陸生無脊椎動物に対して、十分な忌避効果を有し、持続性にも優れた陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物、さらに該忌避組成物を用いた忌避方法を提供することを目的としたものである。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition containing a naturally-derived repellent active ingredient and a surfactant having a cationic group or a cationic property. A terrestrial invertebrate that has sufficient repellent effect and excellent sustainability for terrestrial invertebrates belonging to gastropods such as slugs that are unpleasant pests that appear in the living environment of human beings An object of the present invention is to provide a repellent composition and a repellent method using the repellent composition.
本発明者らは、ナメクジ類やカタツムリ類などの腹足類に属する陸生無脊椎動物に対する優れた忌避効力を有する組成物を見出すべく、鋭意検討した結果、天然由来成分のファルネシルアセトン等の化合物と、カチオン基を有するか若しくはカチオニックな性質を示す界面活性剤からなる組成物が、陸生無脊椎動物に対して優れた防除効力を有することを見出し、本発明に至った。 As a result of intensive investigations to find a composition having excellent repellent efficacy against terrestrial invertebrates belonging to gastropods such as slugs and snails, the present inventors have found that a compound such as farnesylacetone, a naturally derived component, and a cation The present inventors have found that a composition comprising a surfactant having a group or a cationic property has an excellent control effect on terrestrial invertebrates, and has led to the present invention.
すなわち、本発明は以下の発明に係るものである。
［１］天然由来成分を忌避活性成分として含有することを特徴とする、陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物。
［２］天然由来成分がファルネシルアセトンであることを特徴とする［１］に記載の陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物。
［３］天然由来成分にカチオン基を有するか若しくはカチオニックな性質を示す界面活性剤を配合することを特徴とする［１］又は［２］に記載の陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物。
［４］天然由来成分と［３］に示した界面活性剤が、固形担体に保持されていることを特徴とする［１］〜［３］に記載の陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物。
That is, the present invention relates to the following inventions.
[1] A terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition comprising a naturally derived component as a repellent active ingredient.
[2] The terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition according to [1], wherein the naturally derived component is farnesyl acetone.
[3] The terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition according to [1] or [2], wherein a surfactant having a cationic group or a cationic property is blended with a naturally derived component.
[4] The terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the naturally derived component and the surfactant shown in [3] are retained on a solid carrier.
本発明の忌避組成物を用いることで、不快害虫であるナメクジ類やカタツムリ類などの腹足類に属する陸生無脊椎動物を有効に忌避することができる。また、本発明の忌避組成物は残存性に優れており、長期間にわたって忌避効果を有する。有効成分は天然由来であるため、環境中で徐々に分解され、人体、ペット、家畜などに対しても安全である。本発明の忌避組成物は、屋外に生息する不快な陸生無脊椎動物の侵入を阻止したい場所や、潜伏を防止したい場所に散布するだけでよい。それ故、多種多様な場所で有効に利用することが出来る。 By using the repellent composition of the present invention, terrestrial invertebrates belonging to gastropods such as slugs and snails which are unpleasant pests can be effectively repelled. Moreover, the repellent composition of this invention is excellent in persistence, and has a repellent effect over a long period of time. Since the active ingredient is naturally derived, it is gradually decomposed in the environment and is safe for human bodies, pets, livestock and the like. The repellent composition of the present invention need only be applied to places where it is desired to prevent the invasion of unpleasant terrestrial invertebrates living in the outdoors or where it is desired to prevent hiding. Therefore, it can be used effectively in a wide variety of places.
本天然由来の忌避活性成分とは、天然物より抽出され、忌避活性を有する化合物、あるいは天然に存在する忌避活性成分を人工的に合成したものであり、例えば特開２００５−５３８１３号公報に記載される化合物であり、該公報に記載される方法により製造することができる。
本天然由来の忌避活性成分には、直鎖アルカン上に存在する２つの二重結合部分に由来する幾何異性体が存在するが、本発明にはその各々および任意の異性体比率である化合物を用いることができる。
The natural repellent active ingredient is a compound extracted from a natural product and having a repellent activity, or an artificially synthesized repellent active ingredient that exists in nature, and is described in, for example, JP-A-2005-53813 And can be produced by the method described in the publication.
The natural repellent active ingredient includes geometric isomers derived from two double bond moieties present on a linear alkane. In the present invention, each of these compounds and compounds having an arbitrary isomer ratio are included. Can be used.
カチオン基を有するか若しくはカチオニックな性質を示す界面活性剤とは、ベタイン、アミンオキシド、アミン及びアミドの官能基から選択される少なくとも一種類を含む、カチオン性界面活性剤または両性界面活性剤であり、例えば、Ｎ‐ラウリルジエタノールアミン、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアミン、パーム核油脂肪酸ジエタノールアミド、ラウリルジメチルアミンオキサイド、２−アルキル−Ｎ−カルボキシメチル−Ｎ−ヒドロキシエチルイミダゾリニウムベタイン、ラウリルジメチルアミノ酢酸ベタインなどを使用する。これらの中でも、Ｎ−ラウリルジエタノールアミン、ラウリルジメチルアミンオキサイド、ラウリルジメチルアミノ酢酸ベタインなどの成分を有する界面活性剤が好ましい。 The surfactant having a cationic group or having a cationic property is a cationic surfactant or an amphoteric surfactant containing at least one selected from the functional groups of betaine, amine oxide, amine and amide. For example, N-lauryl diethanolamine, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, palm kernel fatty acid diethanolamide, lauryl dimethylamine oxide, 2-alkyl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethyl imidazolinium betaine, lauryl dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, etc. Is used. Among these, surfactants having components such as N-lauryldiethanolamine, lauryldimethylamine oxide, and lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine are preferable.
本発明の陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物が忌避効力を有する陸生無脊椎動物としては、例えば、コウラナメクジ、チャコウラナメクジ、ノナメクジ等のコウラナメクジ科、ナメクジ、ヤマナメクジ等のナメクジ科、オカモノアラガイ等のオカモノアラガイ科、アフリカマイマイ等のアフリカマイマイ科、ウスワカマイマイ等のオナジマイマイ科等のナメクジ、カタツムリ、マイマイ等を防除することができる。 Examples of the terrestrial invertebrates with which the terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition of the present invention has repellent effects include, It is possible to control slugs, snails, mussels, etc., such as the scallops, the African mussels, such as the African mussel, the African mussels, and the Onidamyidae, such as Usuwakamaimai.
本明細書に記載する陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物の剤型は、液剤、乳剤、エアゾール剤、シート剤、テープ剤、散剤、粉剤、塗布剤等、種々の剤型に調整することができる。特に好ましい剤型は、固形担体に忌避活性成分及びカチオン基を有するか若しくはカチオニックな性質を示す界面活性剤を含浸させた顆粒剤が好ましい。 The dosage form of the terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition described in the present specification can be adjusted to various dosage forms such as a liquid, an emulsion, an aerosol, a sheet, a tape, a powder, a powder, and a coating. A particularly preferable dosage form is a granule in which a solid carrier is impregnated with a surfactant having a repellent active ingredient and a cationic group or having a cationic property.
製剤化の際に用いられる固体担体としては、例えば、カオリン、タルク、ベントナイト、クレー、珪藻土、炭酸カルシウム、シリカ、ゼオライト等の鉱物質又は無機質粉末などが挙げられる。 Examples of the solid carrier used in the formulation include minerals such as kaolin, talc, bentonite, clay, diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, silica, zeolite, or inorganic powder.
本発明の陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物は、必要により他に害虫防除に有効な他の成分または添加剤等を配合して製剤となし、種々の相加・相乗作用を期待することもできる。併用可能な有効成分としては、フィトン、ファルネシルアセトンの部分水添物、ジエチルトルアミド、２，３，４，５−ビス（Δ２−ブチレン）−テトラヒドロフルフラール、ジ−ｎ−プロピルイソシンコメロネート・ジ−ｎ−ブチルサクシネート、２−ヒドロキシエチルオクチルサルファイド、２−ｔ−ブチル−４−ヒドロキシアニソール、３−ｔ−ブチル−４−ヒドロキシアニソール、Ｎ−ヘキシル−３，４−ジクロルマレイミド、ヒノキチオール、メントール、ｐ−メンタン−３，８−ジオール、カンファー、その他害虫に対して忌避作用を有する化合物が挙げられる。 The terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition of the present invention can be formulated into other formulations or additives that are effective for pest control, if necessary, and can be expected to have various additive and synergistic effects. Examples of active ingredients that can be used in combination include phyton, farnesylacetone partially hydrogenated, diethyltoluamide, 2,3,4,5-bis (Δ2-butylene) -tetrahydrofurfural, di-n-propylisocincomellonate Di-n-butyl succinate, 2-hydroxyethyl octyl sulfide, 2-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, N-hexyl-3,4-dichloromaleimide, hinokitiol , Menthol, p-menthane-3,8-diol, camphor, and other compounds having a repellent action against pests.
本発明の陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物は、その使用に当たっては、忌避を要求される腹足類の生息場所や侵入場所、例えば、農作物自体やそれが栽培されている畑、果樹園、花卉等の生育している花壇、植木鉢及びその周囲、一般家庭やベランダ、物置周辺に散布することができる。 The terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition of the present invention, when used, grows gastropod habitats and invading places that are required to be repelled, for example, the crops themselves, the fields where they are cultivated, orchards, flower buds, etc. It can be sprayed around flowerbeds, flowerpots and their surroundings, ordinary homes, verandas, and storage areas.
以下に実施例において本発明を具体的に説明するが、これらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
実施例１（忌避活性成分の含有量が０．２５重量％、界面活性剤の含有量が０．１２５重量％の忌避組成物の調整）
ガラス瓶にファルネシルアセトン（忌避活性成分）０．１ｇ、アルキルベンゼン１ｇ、Ｎ‐ラウリルジエタノールアミン（界面活性剤−１）０．０５ｇ、石川ライト３号（固形担体、石川ライト工業株式会社）３８．８５ｇを量りとった後、ガラス棒を用いて固形担体全体に馴染むように攪拌し、忌避組成物約４０ｇを得た。
Example 1 (Preparation of repellent composition having a repellent active ingredient content of 0.25% by weight and a surfactant content of 0.125% by weight)
In a glass bottle weigh 0.1 g of farnesyl acetone (repellent active ingredient), 1 g of alkylbenzene, 0.05 g of N-lauryl diethanolamine (surfactant-1), 38.85 g of Ishikawa Light 3 (solid carrier, Ishikawa Light Industry Co., Ltd.) After taking, the mixture was stirred using a glass rod so as to adjust to the whole solid carrier, and about 40 g of repellent composition was obtained.
実施例２（忌避活性成分の含有量が０．２５重量％、界面活性剤の含有量が０．６３重量％の忌避組成物の調整）
ガラス瓶にファルネシルアセトン（忌避活性成分）０．１ｇ、アルキルベンゼン１ｇ、ラウリルジメチルアミンオキサイド（界面活性剤−２）０．２５ｇ、石川ライト３号（固形担体）３８．６５ｇを量りとった後、ガラス棒を用いて固形担体全体に馴染むように攪拌し、忌避組成物約４０ｇを得た。
Example 2 (Preparation of repellent composition having a repellent active ingredient content of 0.25% by weight and a surfactant content of 0.63% by weight)
After weighing 0.1 g of farnesyl acetone (repellent active ingredient), 1 g of alkylbenzene, 0.25 g of lauryl dimethylamine oxide (surfactant-2), 38.65 g of Ishikawa Light 3 (solid carrier) into a glass bottle, a glass rod Was used to stir the entire solid carrier to obtain about 40 g of repellent composition.
実施例３（忌避活性成分の含有量が０．２５重量％、界面活性剤の含有量が０．６３重量％の忌避組成物の調整）
ガラス瓶にファルネシルアセトン（忌避活性成分）０．１ｇ、アルキルベンゼン１ｇ、ラウリルジメチルアミノ酢酸ベタイン（界面活性剤−３）０．２５ｇ、石川ライト３号（固形担体）３８．６５ｇを量りとった後、ガラス棒を用いて固形担体全体に馴染むように攪拌し、忌避組成物約４０ｇを得た。
Example 3 (Preparation of repellent composition having a repellent active ingredient content of 0.25% by weight and a surfactant content of 0.63% by weight)
After weighing 0.1 g of farnesyl acetone (repellent active ingredient), 1 g of alkylbenzene, 0.25 g of lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine (surfactant-3) and 38.65 g of Ishikawa Light No. 3 (solid carrier) in a glass bottle, About 40 g of the repellent composition was obtained by stirring so as to fit the whole solid carrier using a stick.
比較例１（忌避活性成分の含有量が０．２５重量％の忌避組成物の調整）
実施例１において、界面活性剤を加えず、忌避活性成分を０．２５重量％（０．１ｇ）の濃度になるように、石川ライト３号（固形担体）の添加量を３８．９ｇに調整したこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして行い、忌避組成物約４０ｇを得た。
Comparative Example 1 (Preparation of repellent composition having a repellent active ingredient content of 0.25% by weight)
In Example 1, the amount of Ishikawa Light 3 (solid carrier) added was adjusted to 38.9 g so that the concentration of the repellent active ingredient was 0.25 wt% (0.1 g) without adding the surfactant. Except for the above, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain about 40 g of the repellent composition.
比較例２（忌避活性成分の含有量が０．３７５重量％の忌避組成物の調整）
実施例１において、界面活性剤を加えず、忌避活性成分を０．３７５重量％（０．１５ｇ）の濃度になるように、石川ライト３号（固形担体）の添加量を３８．８５ｇに調整したこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして行い、忌避組成物約４０ｇを得た。
Comparative Example 2 (Preparation of repellent composition having a repellent active ingredient content of 0.375% by weight)
In Example 1, the amount of Ishikawa Lite No. 3 (solid carrier) added was adjusted to 38.85 g so that the concentration of the repellent active ingredient was 0.375 wt% (0.15 g) without adding a surfactant. Except for the above, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain about 40 g of the repellent composition.
比較例３（界面活性剤の含有量が０．１２５重量％の忌避組成物の調整）
実施例１において、忌避活性成分を加えず、界面活性剤を０．１２５重量％（０．０５ｇ、界面活性剤−１）の濃度になるように、石川ライト３号（固形担体）の添加量を３８．９５ｇに調整したこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして行い、忌避組成物約４０ｇを得た。
Comparative Example 3 (Preparation of repellent composition having a surfactant content of 0.125% by weight)
In Example 1, the amount of Ishikawa Lite 3 (solid carrier) added so that the concentration of the surfactant is 0.125 wt% (0.05 g, surfactant-1) without adding the repellent active ingredient. Was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount was adjusted to 38.95 g to obtain about 40 g of a repellent composition.
比較例４（界面活性剤の含有量が０．６３重量％の忌避組成物の調整）
実施例１において、忌避活性成分を加えず、界面活性剤を０．６３重量％（０．２５ｇ、界面活性剤−２）の濃度になるように、石川ライト３号（固形担体）の添加量を３８．７５ｇに調整したこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして行い、忌避組成物約４０ｇを得た。
Comparative Example 4 (Preparation of repellent composition having a surfactant content of 0.63% by weight)
In Example 1, the amount of Ishikawa Light No. 3 (solid carrier) added so that the concentration of the surfactant is 0.63% by weight (0.25 g, Surfactant-2) without adding the repellent active ingredient. Was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount was adjusted to 38.75 g to obtain about 40 g of a repellent composition.
比較例５（界面活性剤の含有量が０．６３重量％の忌避組成物の調整）
実施例１において、忌避活性成分を加えず、界面活性剤を０．６３重量％（０．２５ｇ、界面活性剤−３）の濃度になるように、石川ライト３号（固形担体）の添加量を３８．７５ｇに調整したこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして行い、忌避組成物約４０ｇを得た。
Comparative Example 5 (Preparation of repellent composition having a surfactant content of 0.63% by weight)
In Example 1, the amount of Ishikawa Light No. 3 (solid carrier) added so that the concentration of the surfactant is 0.63% by weight (0.25 g, Surfactant-3) without adding the repellent active ingredient. Was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount was adjusted to 38.75 g to obtain about 40 g of a repellent composition.
試験例
プラスチック製の試験容器（円筒、直径２９ｃｍ、高さ１５．５ｃｍ）に、霧吹きで水を試験容器全体に吹きつけた後、ドーナツ型（中心円直径９ｃｍ、外側の円直径２０ｃｍ）に実施例１の粒剤を敷き詰めた。ドーナツ型の中心にナメクジ５匹を放虫し、粒剤の外側（処理区）に餌をまいた。ナメクジが忌避組成物を乗り越えるかを所定時間毎（０．５、１、２、３、１９、２４時間後）に観察した。ドーナツ型の中心（無処理区）にいるナメクジの数を数え、２４時間後での忌避率を算出した。忌避率は以下の式により計算し、結果を表１に％表示した。なお、対照（コントロール）として、固形担体（石川ライト３号）のみの例を併せて示した。
忌避率（％）＝１−（処理区のナメクジ数／無処理区のナメクジ数）×１００
注：処理区及び無処理区のナメクジ数は、所定時間毎に観察したナメクジ数の２４時間後の合算の数とする。
Test Example After spraying water on the entire test container with a spray spray onto a plastic test container (cylinder, 29 cm in diameter, 15.5 cm in height), it was carried out in a donut shape (center circle diameter 9 cm, outer circle diameter 20 cm) The granule of Example 1 was spread. Five slugs were released at the center of the donut shape, and the outside of the granule (treated area) was fed. It was observed at predetermined time intervals (after 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 19, 24 hours) whether slugs surpassed the repellent composition. The number of slugs in the center of the donut shape (untreated section) was counted, and the repelling rate after 24 hours was calculated. The repelling rate was calculated by the following formula, and the result is shown in% in Table 1. As a control, an example of only a solid carrier (Ishikawa Light No. 3) is also shown.
Repelling rate (%) = 1− (number of slugs in treated area / number of slugs in untreated area) × 100
Note: The number of slugs in the treated and untreated areas is the total number of slugs observed every 24 hours after 24 hours.
本発明の天然由来の有効成分配合の陸生無脊椎動物忌避組成物を用いることにより、陸生無脊椎動物を忌避することができる。 By using the terrestrial invertebrate repellent composition containing the naturally occurring active ingredients of the present invention, terrestrial invertebrates can be repelled.
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| JPS6452701A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1989-02-28 | Meiwa Gravure Chem | Repelling material for terrestrial invertebrate animal |
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| JPH0570302A (en) * | 1991-09-12 | 1993-03-23 | Mikasa Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Repelling composition for harmful animal |
| JP2943135B2 (en) * | 1994-11-24 | 1999-08-30 | 浜崎産業株式会社 | Slow-acting animal repellent composition and animal repellent method |
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