JP5690812B2 - 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの運転方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの運転方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 277
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 140
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002453 autothermal reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVROQKXVYSIMQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sr+2].[La+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])=O Chemical compound [Sr+2].[La+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])=O FVROQKXVYSIMQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002075 lanthanum strontium manganite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 naphtha Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
Claims (8)
- 原燃料及び水を改質触媒で改質することにより、水素を含有する改質ガスを生成する改質器と、
前記改質ガスを用いて、セル部で発電を行う燃料電池と、
前記改質触媒に前記原燃料を導入する原燃料導入部と、
前記改質触媒の温度を検出する触媒温度検出部と、
前記原燃料導入部に対して前記原燃料の導入量を減少させる導入量減少制御、および、前記燃料電池に対して発電量を抑制させる発電量抑制制御を行う制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部は、前記触媒温度検出部によって検出される前記温度が、前記導入量減少制御が行われない場合における前記原燃料の前記改質触媒への導入量に応じて予め定められた、未改質ガス発生温度よりも高い第1閾値以下である場合に、前記原燃料導入部に対して前記原燃料の導入量を減少させる導入量減少制御を行うとともに、前記燃料電池に対して発電量を抑制させる発電量抑制制御を行うことを特徴とする燃料電池システム。 - 前記制御部は、前記導入量減少制御を開始してから第1時間が経過した後、前記触媒温度検出部によって検出される前記温度が前記未改質ガス発生温度よりも高く前記第1閾値よりも低い第2閾値未満である場合に、前記原燃料導入部に対して前記原燃料の導入を停止させる導入停止制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記第2閾値は、前記導入量減少制御が行われた場合における前記原燃料の前記改質触媒への導入量に応じて、予め定められていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記制御部は、前記導入量減少制御を開始してから、前記第1時間に続く第2時間が経過した後、前記触媒温度検出部によって検出される前記温度が前記第1閾値よりも高い第3閾値以上である場合に、前記導入量減少制御を解除することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記セル部の温度を検出するセル部温度検出部を更に備え、
前記制御部は、前記導入量減少制御を開始してから、前記第1時間に続く第2時間が経過した後、前記触媒温度検出部によって検出される前記温度が前記第1閾値よりも高い第3閾値以上であり、且つ前記セル部温度検出部によって検出される前記温度が、通常の発電運転時の前記セル部の温度より低い第4閾値以上である場合に、前記導入量減少制御を解除することを特徴とする請求項2〜4のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記第3閾値は、前記導入量減少制御が行われた場合における前記原燃料の前記改質触媒への導入量に応じて、予め定められていることを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記第4閾値は、前記導入量減少制御が行われない場合における前記原燃料の前記改質触媒への導入量に応じて、予め定められていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 原燃料及び水を改質触媒で改質することにより、水素を含有する改質ガスを生成する改質器と、
前記改質ガスを用いて、セル部で発電を行う燃料電池と、
前記改質触媒に前記原燃料を導入する原燃料導入部と、
前記改質触媒の温度を検出する触媒温度検出部と、を備える燃料電池システムの運転方法であって、
前記触媒温度検出部によって前記温度を取得する温度取得ステップと、
前記温度が、予め定められた、未改質ガス発生温度よりも高い第1閾値以下である場合に、前記原燃料導入部に対して前記原燃料の導入量を減少させる導入量減少制御ステップと、
前記温度が前記第1閾値以下である場合に、前記燃料電池に対して発電量を抑制させる発電量抑制制御ステップと、を含み、
前記第1閾値は、前記導入量減少制御が行われない場合における前記原燃料の前記改質触媒への導入量に応じて、予め定められていることを特徴とする燃料電池システムの運転方法。
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JP2001520576A (ja) * | 1997-04-15 | 2001-10-30 | インターナショナル フュエル セルズ コーポレイション | ガスを生成するための装置及び方法 |
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JP2008171707A (ja) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-24 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 反応装置及びそれを備える発電装置並びに反応装置の動作方法 |
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JP3879366B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-23 | 2007-02-14 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用改質システム |
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JP2001520576A (ja) * | 1997-04-15 | 2001-10-30 | インターナショナル フュエル セルズ コーポレイション | ガスを生成するための装置及び方法 |
JP2005174745A (ja) * | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-30 | Ebara Ballard Corp | 燃料電池システムの運転方法及び燃料電池システム |
JP2008171707A (ja) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-24 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 反応装置及びそれを備える発電装置並びに反応装置の動作方法 |
JP2008177059A (ja) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-07-31 | Nippon Oil Corp | 改質器システム、燃料電池システム、及びその運転方法 |
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CN102834960A (zh) | 2012-12-19 |
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TW201143198A (en) | 2011-12-01 |
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