JP5676448B2 - 無機材メンブレンの作製方法 - Google Patents
無機材メンブレンの作製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5676448B2 JP5676448B2 JP2011524996A JP2011524996A JP5676448B2 JP 5676448 B2 JP5676448 B2 JP 5676448B2 JP 2011524996 A JP2011524996 A JP 2011524996A JP 2011524996 A JP2011524996 A JP 2011524996A JP 5676448 B2 JP5676448 B2 JP 5676448B2
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 72
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 139
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 116
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 22
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl carbitol 6-propylpiperonyl ether Chemical group C1=C(CCC)C(COCCOCCOCCCC)=CC2=C1OCO2 FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 perovskite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960005235 piperonyl butoxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001935 peptisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002706 AlOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000502 Li-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006501 ZrSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HZVVJJIYJKGMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N almasilate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O HZVVJJIYJKGMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-olate Chemical compound CC(C)[O-] OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0093—Other features
- C04B38/0096—Pores with coated inner walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
- B01D63/066—Tubular membrane modules with a porous block having membrane coated passages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0048—Inorganic membrane manufacture by sol-gel transition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0076—Pretreatment of inorganic membrane material prior to membrane formation, e.g. coating of metal powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0083—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/106—Membranes in the pores of a support, e.g. polymerized in the pores or voids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/108—Inorganic support material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/1216—Three or more layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/024—Oxides
- B01D71/025—Aluminium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/48—Influencing the pH
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00793—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filters or diaphragms
- C04B2111/00801—Membranes; Diaphragms
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
第1の混合物の作製
この実施例において、第1の混合物は、アルミニウムイソプロポキシド及び酢酸をそれぞれアルミナ前駆体及び解膠剤として用いて作製した大径ベーマイト粒子を含有するコロイド状ベーマイトゾルである。
粒径調節
この実施例は、この実施例では実施例1に説明した大径ベーマイト粒子の原ゾルの粒径を調節する、第1の混合物の粒径の調節を説明する。この実施例では、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)を高分子結合剤として用いた。
粒径調節
この実施例では、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)を高分子結合剤として用いた。実施例2と同じ第1の混合物の原ベーマイトゾルを用いた。
粒径調節
この実施例では、実施例1からの小径ベーマイト粒子を含有する第1の混合物の原ゾルをPVA溶液と混合することで混合物を作製した。上述と同じ方法にしたがって、150mlの第1の混合物を380mlの脱イオン水及び70mlのPVA4重量%溶液と混合することで600mlの混合物を作製した。粒径調節後、第1の混合物は、3.7のpH、0.2Mのゾル濃度及び0.47重量%のPVA濃度を有していた。ベーマイト粒子の粒径中央値は60nmであり、粒径分布は図4の線22で示されるような分布であった。第1の混合物24と比較すると、大径集塊粒が希釈によって崩れたため、混合物の粒径調節後の粒径分布は狭くなっていた。
無機材多孔質支持体
以下に説明される無機材メンブレン実施例に用いられる無機材多孔質支持体は、第1の端面、第2の端面及び複数本の内部チャネルを有し、この複数本の内部チャネルは、多孔質壁体によって定められる表面を有し、第1の端面から第2の端面まで貫通している。支持体はハニカムモノリス構造体の形態にある。支持体はα-アルミナでつくられ、8.7〜10.0mmの範囲の外径及び75ミリの長さを有していた。支持体は、平均内径が0.75mmであり、断面積内に一様に分布している、19本の丸形チャネルを有していた。支持体の気孔径中央値は8.4〜8.7μmであり、気孔率は水銀ポロシメトリーで測定して43.5〜50.8%であった。
無機材メンブレンの作製
この実施例は、ゾル濃度は同じであるが粒径は異なる、異なるコーティング溶液を用いるγ-アルミナメンブレンの作製プロセス、及びメンブレンコーティング品質へのベーマイト粒子の粒径の効果を説明する。実施例5で説明したような無機材多孔質支持体を用いた。支持体の内部チャネル表面上にメンブレンをコーティングした。
無機材メンブレンの作製及び気体透過特性
この実施例は3種のγ-アルミナメンブレンの合成及びそれらの対応する気体透過特性を説明する。3種のメンブレンは全て、コーティング工程−乾燥工程−焼成工程の3サイクルによって作製し、初めの2サイクルには、粒径が異なるゾル粒子を含有する異なるコーティング混合物を用い、最終サイクルには同じコーティング混合物を用いた。
Claims (5)
- 第1の端面、第2の端面及び前記第1の端面から前記第2の端面まで貫通する各々が3mm以下の水力内径を有する複数本の内部チャネルを有し、前記複数本の内部チャネルが、多孔質の壁面を有するモノリスを提供する工程、
ベーマイト粒子を含有する第1の混合物を提供する工程、
前記第1の混合物内の前記ベーマイト粒子の粒径を、該ベーマイト粒子の粒径中央値が前記多孔質の壁面の気孔径中央値より大きくなるように調節する工程、及び
前記粒径を調節する工程の後に、無機材メンブレンを形成するために前記モノリスの前記内部チャネルの内表面に前記第1の混合物をフローコーティングにより塗布する工程、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記第1の混合物を塗布する工程が、γ-アルミナを形成するために前記ベーマイト粒子を乾燥させる工程及び焼成する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- ベーマイト粒子を含有する第2の混合物を提供する工程、
前記第2の混合物内の前記ベーマイト粒子の粒径を、該粒径の中央値が前記第1の混合物内の粒径中央値より小さくなるように調節する工程、及び
前記第1の混合物の前記ベーマイト粒子の前記乾燥工程及び前記焼成工程の後に、かつ前記第2の混合物内の前記ベーマイト粒子の前記粒径調節工程の後に、前記無機材メンブレンに前記第2の混合物を塗布する工程、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。 - 前記ベーマイト粒子を含有する第1の混合物を提供する工程が、ゾルを作製する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の混合物内の前記ベーマイト粒子の粒径を調節する工程が、前記第1の混合物のpH値を制御する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
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US9932648B2 (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2018-04-03 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Flow-through pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass with inorganic nanoporous membranes |
WO2013066841A1 (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-10 | Ut-Battelle Llc | Inorganic nanoporous membranes for high temperature pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass |
US8784541B2 (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2014-07-22 | Corning Incorporated | Cordierite-based composite membrane coated on cordierite monolith |
KR20150071547A (ko) | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-26 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 복합막, 상기 복합막을 포함하는 반투과성 분리막 및 상기 분리막을 포함하는 수처리 장치 |
US10786948B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 | 2020-09-29 | Sigma Labs, Inc. | Multi-sensor quality inference and control for additive manufacturing processes |
US10207489B2 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2019-02-19 | Sigma Labs, Inc. | Systems and methods for additive manufacturing operations |
WO2017075328A1 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-04 | Corning Incorporated | Porous ceramic filters and methods for making the same |
WO2017196656A1 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-11-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multilayer articles including coatings on microfiltration membrane substrates and methods of making same |
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