JP5650950B2 - Water leakage detection device from water storage facilities - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water leak detection device from a water storage facility, and more particularly to a device that detects an inlet, not a water leak outlet.

Reservoir facilities are dams, ponds, pools, etc., and if there is an excessive leak that exceeds the natural supply from rivers and rainfall, or artificial supply, water storage such as power generation, agricultural water, and drinking water The original function of the facility is impaired.
In such a case, detecting the location of the water leak in the “container” that stores water is an important and effective method for taking measures to suppress the water leak and restore the water storage function.
Various methods have been developed to detect leaks from ground pipes, underground pipes, roofs and ceilings, water tanks, and water shielding sheets at waste disposal sites.
On the other hand, water leakage from water storage facilities such as dams and ponds does not cause a change in moisture because the water and the ground are in direct contact with each other. Can not.
A method of identifying and dealing with the leaching point that is the “exit” of water leakage is also conceivable. Since it is scattered, it is difficult to identify as a leaking point, and even if it can be identified, taking measures corresponding to a large number of leaking points requires enormous labor and cost.
Therefore, it is necessary to identify the “entrance” of water leakage as an effective water leakage suppression measure for water storage facilities such as dams and ponds.

JP 2001-21439 A.

The conventional means for detecting the location of water leakage from a water storage facility has been the visual inspection by a diver, but has the following problems.
<1> Since it is visual inspection by a person, it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the amount of water leakage.
<2> It can only be found where the scale is large, that is, the amount of water leakage is large.
<3> In particular, when the target range is wide, or when it is necessary to repeatedly carry out surveys in order to confirm the effects of countermeasures, it is difficult to adopt them in terms of economy and survey period.

The water leakage detection device for a water storage facility of the present invention that solves the above problems is a water leakage detection device for a water storage facility with the ground as the bottom, and is a flexible and easily deformable material that is open only at the bottom. The formed impermeable container, a curtain formed of a highly stretchable material attached to the entire periphery of the lower edge of the impermeable container, a through hole opened at a position other than the bottom surface of the impermeable container, and attached to the through hole Consists of an anemometer and a suspension frame attached to the top of the impermeable container . Further, the cross-sectional area of the through hole can be changed, and the suspension frame is suspended with one wire in the water. The other wire supporting the curtain was loosened and the bottom surface was placed on the bottom of the water to block the flow of the surrounding water, and the flow of water inside the impermeable container was configured to be measured with a current meter It is characterized by.

Since the water leak detection device from the water storage facility of the present invention has been described above, the following effects can be obtained.
<1> It is possible to detect a water leakage position in a water storage facility that is difficult to detect by a normal method.
<2> The relationship between the water leakage position and the water leakage amount can be detected.
<3> The leakage plane distribution of the reservoir can be visualized.
<4> As a result, it can contribute to water leakage countermeasures and water stop countermeasure plans.

The perspective view of the Example of the water leak detection apparatus from the water storage facility of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the state which detects water leak. Explanatory drawing of the state which hangs a water leak detection apparatus in a water storage facility.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<1> Overall configuration.
The water leakage detection device from the water storage facility according to the present invention includes a water shielding container 1 that is open only on the bottom surface, a current meter 2 attached to a position other than the bottom surface of the water shielding container 1, and a suspension frame attached to the top of the water shielding container 1. 3 and so on.

<2> Water shielding container.
The water shielding container 1 is a container formed of a water shielding material and having only a bottom surface opened.
When a flexible sheet-like material is used as a material, a framework such as an umbrella is provided, and the framework is configured by covering the framework with a sheet-like water shielding material.
The water-impervious container 1 can also be made of a highly rigid material such as a metal plate.
The water shielding container 1 does not need to be a quadrangular pyramid as in the illustrated embodiment, and various shapes such as a polygonal shape and a bowl shape can be employed.
A container plate 11 is provided at the center of the impermeable container 1.
The container plate 11 and the center plate of the suspension frame 3 described later are fixed with bolts 12.
Furthermore, an illumination light, an underwater camera, an underwater microphone, and the like can be attached to the lower surface of the container plate 11 so as to face the inside of the water shielding container 1.
If it does so, monitoring in a measurement area | region, a water leak sound measurement, etc. will be attained, and much additional information regarding a water leak condition can be obtained.

<3> Skirt.
A curtain made of a highly stretchable material is attached as a skirt 13 on the entire periphery of the lower edge of the water shielding container 1.
When the impermeable container 1 is lowered to the bottom of the water, the portion of the skirt 13 spreads to the periphery, and water can be prevented from entering the impermeable container 1.

<4> Hanging frame.
When the impermeable container 1 is made of a material having high rigidity, it can be directly suspended in water.
However, when the impermeable container 1 is flexible and easily deformed, the impermeable container 1 is attached under the suspension frame 3.
The suspension frame 3 includes an outer peripheral frame 31 formed of a steel material in a rectangular shape and a circular shape, and a central plate 33 provided at the center of the outer peripheral frame 31 via a beam 32.
The water shielding container 1 is attached to the lower surface of the central plate 33 via the bolts 12 of the water shielding container 1 described above.

<5> Current meter.
A through-hole is opened in a portion of the impermeable container 1 other than the bottom surface, for example, the container plate 11 described above.
And the velocimeter 2 is attached to this through-hole.
The anemometer 2 measures the speed of water passing through the through hole, and various types of anemometers 2 such as a commercially available electromagnetic anemometer and a propeller-type anemometer can be adopted.
If two velocimeters 2 that show the flow direction are installed in the opposite direction, it is possible to measure not only the amount of water leakage but also the amount of spring water.

<6> Wires.
When water leakage is detected, the impermeable container 1 is hung from a trolley 4 as shown in FIG.
For this purpose, a hook 34 is provided around the suspension frame 3, and the end of the frame suspension wire w <b> 1 is attached via the hook 34.
If the frame suspension wire w1 is unwound from the carriage 4, the suspension frame 3 can be suspended in water.
Further, the end of the skirt support wire w2 is attached to the lower end of the skirt 13 so that the skirt 13 can be wound up and lowered from the carriage 4.
If the water shielding container 1 is placed on the bottom of the water while the skirt supporting wire w2 is wound up, and then the skirt supporting wire w2 is loosened, the highly flexible skirt 13 covers the water bottom around the water shielding container 1. Therefore, the flow of water can be blocked between the inside and the surroundings of the water shielding container 1.
These wire groups are guided together on the water by passing through the through holes of the wire passing plate 5 located on the suspension frame 3.

<7> Method of detection.
A method for detecting water leakage using the above-described apparatus will be described.

<8> Hanging the water shielding container.
As shown in FIG. 3, the frame suspension wire w <b> 1 is unwound from the carriage 4 by the winch 41, and the impermeable container 1 is placed directly or via the suspension frame 3 on the bottom of the water.
In particular, when the bottom of the water is uneven, the skirt support wire w2 is wound up.
When the water shielding container 1 reaches the water bottom, the skirt support wire w2 is unwound to cover the surrounding water bottom with the skirt 13 so that water can be prevented from entering the water shielding container 1.
When the water bottom is inclined, that is, when the water bottom is a slope around the water storage facility, the length of the frame suspension wire w1 is changed and the angle of the suspension frame 3 is adjusted.
Accordingly, the wires w1 and w2 are independent of each other, and are configured to be unwound and unwound by an individual winch 41.

<9> When there is water leakage.
In the above state, the water inside the water shielding container 1 is blocked from the surrounding water.
If there is water leakage from the bottom of the water in the area covered by the water shielding container 1, the water inside moves as shown in FIG. It flows into the inside.
This flow velocity is measured by the anemometer 2.
Therefore, when the anemometer 2 detects the flow velocity, it can be understood that there is water leakage in the measurement region.
The amount of water leakage from the measured area can be known from the product of the cross-sectional area of the through hole and the flow velocity.
The amount of water leakage per unit area can be determined by dividing the amount of water permeated from the measurement region by the area of the measurement region.
In that case, the measurement accuracy and the minimum possible water leakage amount can be arbitrarily set by changing the cross-sectional area of the through hole or by changing the performance of the anemometer 2.
For example, if the cross-sectional area of the through-hole is reduced with respect to the measurement region, the flow velocity increases, so that even when the flowmeter 2 having the same performance is used, a small amount of water leakage can be known.

<10> Use of measurement results.
The position of the measurement location is measured by surveying with reference to a land base point, or by at least three GPS units installed on the carriage 4.
While confirming the position in this way, the amount of water leakage is measured by moving the carriage 4 at a constant distance in the XY directions orthogonal to each other.
As a result, it is possible to visualize the planar distribution of the water leakage amount by connecting the positions of the same water leakage amount in a large number of measurement regions and performing contour display.
In addition, it is possible to determine the location where the water leakage amount is large and the location where the water leakage amount is small from the distribution result of the water leakage amount, and it can be used for planning the implementation site such as water stoppage countermeasures.
In addition, when measures to control water leakage are implemented, the amount of water leakage is measured before and after that, and the results of measurement at each stage are compared and compared in a plan view expressed in shades of color. It becomes possible to evaluate automatically.

1: Water shielding container 2: Current meter 3: Suspension frame 5: Wire through plate w1: Frame suspension wire w2: Skirt support wire

Claims (1)

A water leakage detection device for a water storage facility with the ground as a bottom ,
A water-tight container made of a flexible material that is easy to deform, with only the bottom open,
A curtain made of a highly stretchable material attached to the entire periphery of the lower edge of the water shielding container;
A through hole opened at a position other than the bottom surface of the impermeable container,
An anemometer attached to the through hole;
Consists of a hanging frame attached to the top of the impermeable container ,
In addition, the cross-sectional area of the through hole can be changed,
Suspend the suspension frame underwater with one wire ,
Loosen the other wire that supports the curtain of the impermeable container and place its bottom on the water bottom to block the surrounding water flow,
The water flow inside the water-impervious vessel was configured to be measured with an anemometer,
Water leak detection device from water storage facilities.

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