CN105571819A - Sound acquiring system used for transportation observation of gravel and cobble, sound acquiring device and arrangement method thereof - Google Patents
Sound acquiring system used for transportation observation of gravel and cobble, sound acquiring device and arrangement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105571819A CN105571819A CN201510915272.9A CN201510915272A CN105571819A CN 105571819 A CN105571819 A CN 105571819A CN 201510915272 A CN201510915272 A CN 201510915272A CN 105571819 A CN105571819 A CN 105571819A
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- cobble
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/44—Special adaptations for subaqueous use, e.g. for hydrophone
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sound acquiring system used for transportation observation of gravel and cobble, a sound acquiring device and an arrangement method thereof. The sound acquiring device comprises a sound producer arranged on a bed face of a river bed and a water listening device arranged in a river and over the sound producer. The water listening device is used for recording sound produced by the sound producer caused by collision of the gravel and cobble. The sound producer comprises two mutually-separated lead fishes, a steel pipe fixing seat connected between the lead fishes and multiple steel pipes which are parallelly fixed on the steel pipe fixing seat. The sound acquiring system comprises multiple irregular gravel and cobble collision sound acquiring devices which are arranged in the river of a measuring region and used for acquiring collision sound of the gravel and cobble. Water listening devices of the gravel and cobble collision sound acquiring devices are wirelessly connected with a computer processing device. In this way, real-time and multi-point measurement can be achieved; and efficiency and precision of measurement are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to observation field, navigation channel, particularly in a kind of river for defeated voice acquisition system, harvester and the method for arranging thereof moving observation of boulder and cobble.
Background technology
After Impoundment of Three Gorges Reservoir runs, reservoir area channel condition is greatly improved, but still can not adapt to present stage shipping development completely.Think according to channel silt Prototype Observation and Analysis work for many years, shoal, Fluctuating Backwater Area hinders boat to cause primarily of boulder and cobble Scour and Accretion, and at present because of the restriction by scope and observation technology, effectively cannot obtain the defeated real time kinematics characteristic of moving of prototype boulder and cobble, therefore still not very clear for Fluctuating Backwater Area pebble shoal scour-silting rule understanding.
Domestic and international bed load sediment testing method sums up and can be divided into two classes at present: directly test method and indirect test method.Direct test method, mainly by means of sampling thief and the device of various sizes and structure, directly measures the method for the husky sample of traction load.The direct method of measurement divides device to survey method and hole survey method.Method surveyed by device is put by bed load sampler directly to measure traction load Shayang County to riverbed, sampling process is convenient, flexible, directly perceived, the river course condition adapted to is wide compared with additive method with flow and sediment, cross direction profiles and the section passing rate of bed load discharge can be recorded, when survey time can control to pass silt discharge change procedure, the moon of a certain survey station, year passing amount and various features value can be drawn.Its weak point is: one, test workload is too large; Two, sampling thief is perfect not, and some sampler samples efficiency is lower, does not even also have operational sampling efficiency; Three, sampling thief blocks water comparatively large, there is the phenomenon can not transferring to river bed, have influence on the normal collection of large silt discharge data under flood condition.Fixing hole survey method in hole survey method establishes hole easier on withered riverbed, and does not need the calculating carrying out efficiency corrigendum, but the method can only use at river or small stream ditch; The total passing amount after a flood can only be obtained, the change procedure of passing amount can not be measured; Groove hole method test precision is high, but generally can only be used for river channel, and equipment bulky complex, costly.Indirect test method to apply based on various physical principle, or by the testing physical quantity relevant to Bed Load Movement, calculates Sediment Transport amount indirectly.Wherein bed ripples method can avoid device to survey method to the disturbance in riverbed, but it is mainly used in sandy riverbed, more difficult for the Changjiang river the Measurement of Bed Load; Difference survey method is only applicable to the sand bed-load test of brook or river; Volumetric method can not measure the continuous process of bed load discharge, can only draw total passing amount of a certain period; Lithology investigation method is when lacking actual measurement traction load data, the passing quality can extrapolating each tributary, riverbed according to field lithology survey data is at short notice measured relatively, but the method workload can only roughly react average case for many years greatly, traction load change procedure can not be reacted, meanwhile, due to the wearing and tearing of lithology cobble, when investigation, section is longer has considerable influence to test result precision; Trace method to be waftd sand and obtain reliably achievement face to face according to the sedimentary loading etc. that the rate of propagation etc. of tracer agent studies sand bed-load at research seashore, but the Large River as the Changjiang river, because cobble particle buries effect mutually, missing particle is difficult to reclaim, in addition, also there is environmental pollution problem in radioactive isotope, can not as routine observation method; Photometry in flash spotting is due to the shape of bed load sediment particle and the impact of the turbidity of current on photometer electricity pulse amplitude value is too large and for avoiding the impact of sediment movement, must carry out the factors such as protection reliably to optical element, the method is restricted; Underwater camera method is only applicable to the river that silt content is very little, river is comparatively clear, the depth of water is more shallow, sand grain is larger, and must carry out necessary protection to instrument and equipment and must take effective illumination measures; Ultrasonic affects comparatively large by resolution, ageing, flow condition and silt content etc., observing buoy is difficult to reach requirement.ADCP mensuration adopts ADCP technology, while measurement flow velocity, utilize the movement velocity of synchronized tracking and backscattering functional measurement traction load, carry out estimation of bed load transport with this, this technology is the Measurement of Bed Load new technology grown up in recent years, is still in conceptual phase at present.Acoustic method is when bulky grain silt (cobble or gravel) is because of motion, available acoustic sensor and recording unit, observation cobble motion conditions, the intensity of particles collision sound, Bed Load Movement track can be measured, also can distinguish with or without pebble bed-load motion, when the method is measured, not affect bed surface Bed Load Movement.
To sum up, current traction load Sampling techniques sample at typical section, typical period of time, measure ageing deficiency, cannot realize single-point and measure for a long time and record; Measurement space is not enough, measures and record while not easily realizing multiple spot, multizone; Sampling thief blocks water comparatively obvious, may occur putting the situation less than river bed, affect silt discharge measuring accuracy when flow velocity is larger.Application number be 201310508489.9 Chinese patent disclose a kind of round-the-clock bed load sediment Real-Time Monitoring of bottom-sitting type based on hole survey method ultimate principle and measuring method, the method is only applicable to fine sediment river; Underwater camera observation procedure is comparatively large by the impact of flow condition, silt content of the nearly end, the also limitation in life period and space, and therefore the method is only applicable to the shallow river that outstanding husky silt content is very little, river is comparatively clear, sand grain is large.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, technical matters to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of gather can realize multiple spot, multizone while with record for defeated voice acquisition system, harvester and the method for arranging thereof moving observation of boulder and cobble.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: provide a kind of for the defeated boulder and cobble collision voice collection device of moving observation of boulder and cobble, comprise the acoustical generator that is arranged in River Bed and to be arranged in river and the nautical receiving set be positioned at above acoustical generator, the sound that described nautical receiving set sends because of boulder and cobble collision for recording described acoustical generator, the many steel columns that described acoustical generator comprises two spaced fish leads, is connected to the steel column holder between two fish leads and is fixed in side by side on described steel column holder.
Further, described steel column is steel pipe.
Further, the screen pack for crossing water sediment trapping is respectively arranged with at the two ends of described steel pipe.
Further, described steel column holder adopts the spaced steel bar of more than two, and the two ends of described steel bar are individually fixed on two fish leads.
Further, many steel columns are evenly spaced to be arranged on described steel column holder, is parallel to each other between described steel column.
Further, described acoustical generator is connected with one end of hawser, and the other end of described hawser is fixed on the fixture on river surface.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, another technical solution used in the present invention is: provide a kind of for the defeated voice acquisition system moving observation of boulder and cobble, comprise calculation processing apparatus, comprise the boulder and cobble collision voice collection device for gathering boulder and cobble collision sound in multiple river be arranged in measured zone, the boulder and cobble collision voice collection device of described boulder and cobble collision voice collection device any one of the claims 1 to 6 described in claim, the nautical receiving set of described boulder and cobble collision voice collection device and described calculation processing apparatus wireless connections; Described calculation processing apparatus is used for the voice data that each nautical receiving set received sends to carry out sound extraction, to extract the sound of boulder and cobble collision acoustical generator.
Further, in described multiple boulder and cobble collision voice collection device, wherein a part of boulder and cobble collision voice collection device is arranged along the length direction of measured zone, and another part boulder and cobble collision voice collection device is arranged along the Width of measured zone.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, another technical solution used in the present invention is: provide a kind of for the defeated method for arranging moving boulder and cobble collision voice collection device in the voice acquisition system of observation of boulder and cobble, comprise: lay nautical receiving set, length direction in riverbed and Width arrange multiple nautical receiving set in length and breadth, are arranged in river by fixing for nautical receiving set;
One_to_one corresponding arranges acoustical generator, to be arranged in by each acoustical generator on River Bed and to be positioned at the below of a corresponding nautical receiving set.
Further, in the step of laying nautical receiving set, nautical receiving set is put into observation platform, and observation platform is fixedly connected with the bottom of a fixed bar, the top of fixed bar is made to be fixed on marking vessel, make observation platform be sunken in river, make nautical receiving set sink in river and the position of close river surface completely thus;
In the step of arranging acoustical generator, acoustical generator is connected with one end of hawser, on the marking vessel that the other end of hawser is fixed on river surface, make acoustical generator be deposited on the River Bed of nautical receiving set vertical lower under fish lead and the Action of Gravity Field of self, make acoustical generator be positioned at the below of nautical receiving set one to one thus.
In the present invention, the method for making of harvester is simple, structure is simple, cost of manufacture is low.The generating means adopting steel pipe to dress up, puts into river bed, and be bundled on marking vessel with rope by steel pipe device, namely its position can be determined well, and observation personnel just can know clearly near marking vessel.Cobble clashes into the sound of steel pipe, and the sound that cobble and cobble clash into, other sound such as ship walked by boats and ships, all can record.Data processing is carried out by remote computation treating apparatus, sound cobble being clashed into steel pipe is separated, the frequency that cobble clashes into the sound of acoustical generator is obtained with statistics, the sound frequency that the acoustical generator of each observation station is clashed into by cobble, roughly can obtain the defeated intensity of moving of cobble and defeated shipper pole (defeated pan position) thus, namely can obtain the real time kinematics characteristic of boulder and cobble, after obtaining these parameters, a basic basis can be provided to follow-up waterway regulation, waterway planning, change etc.This voice acquisition system, by above-mentioned method for arranging, can the sound that sends of the collection boulder and cobble collision steel pipe of simultaneously multiple spot, multizone, as the basis of later stage research.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of acoustical generator in boulder and cobble of the present invention collision voice collection device one embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is for the defeated structural representation moving voice acquisition system one embodiment of observation of boulder and cobble.
Fig. 4 moves boulder and cobble collision voice collection device arrangement schematic diagram in the voice acquisition system of observation for boulder and cobble is defeated.
In figure 4, a represents observation station, and b represents measuring frequency section.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, of the present invention for the defeated boulder and cobble collision voice collection device of moving observation of boulder and cobble, comprise the acoustical generator 100 that is arranged in River Bed and to be arranged in river and the nautical receiving set 200(be positioned at above acoustical generator 100 is shown in Fig. 3), the sound that described nautical receiving set 200 sends because of boulder and cobble collision for recording described acoustical generator 100, the many steel columns 103 that described acoustical generator 100 comprises two spaced fish leads 101, is connected to the steel column holder 102 between two fish leads 101 and is fixed in side by side on described steel column holder 102.
Described steel column can adopt solid cylinder structure, also can adopt hollow steel pipe structure.In the present embodiment, described steel column is hollow steel pipe 103, its benefit is when acoustical generator 100 is disposed in water, according to the impact of current, the hollow steel pipe 103 of acoustical generator 100 towards identical with water (flow) direction A, therefore hollow steel pipe 103 can make current flow through hollow steel pipe 103, reduces resistance to water-flow, is convenient to.The screen pack for crossing water sediment trapping is respectively arranged with at the two ends of described hollow steel pipe 103, described screen pack can tackle volume larger, the stone, sandstone etc. of easy blocking hollow steel pipe 103, to prevent their clogging hollow steel pipes 103, hollow steel pipe 103 is blocked for the moment, current cannot flow through from hollow steel pipe 103, hinder current, around impact, the motion of cobble, can not catch cobble kinetic characteristic effectively, really.
Described steel pipe holder 102 adopts the spaced steel bar of more than two, and the two ends of described steel bar are individually fixed on two fish leads 101.In the present embodiment, two fish leads 101 are parallel to each other, and described steel bar is designed to two, and the upper surface of fish lead 101 is fixed at their two ends respectively by the mode of welding, in the state perpendicular with fish lead 101 after being fixed.In the present embodiment, described steel pipe 103 side by side be fixed on two steel bars, their uniform intervals arrange, be arranged after parallel with described copper coin.So, make whole acoustical generator 100 towards unanimously, when acoustical generator 100 is disposed in after on River Bed, it flow downstream towards, benefit to improve the real effectiveness of the sound that boulder and cobble clashes into, if make acoustical generator 100 vertical rotary 90 degree, make steel pipe 103 diametric(al) vertical with water (flow) direction A, that is convenient to boulder and cobble and steel pipe 103 surface collision like this, but, because the present invention will add up boulder and cobble and this parameter of steel pipe 103 collision frequency, if place like this, the steel pipe 103 collided below is probably continued after boulder and cobble and first steel pipe 103 collide, so, be not easy to obtain real data.
In the present embodiment, described acoustical generator 100 is defined to some places of River Bed by following manner, make its moving range relatively little: to make acoustical generator 100 adopt steel cable with hawser 401(the present embodiment) one end be connected, the upper end of described hawser 401 is fixed on the fixture on river surface.Concrete, arrange Removable hook in the lower end of steel cable, fish lead 101 and described Removable hook are hung and close, the checking bollard 301 of marking vessel 300 is fixed in the upper end of steel cable.Removable hook makes acoustical generator 100 automatically to comply with current, to make current flow through hollow steel pipe 103 by adjustment direction, reduces resistance to water-flow, increases construction weight, is convenient to.Steel cable upper end is fixed on marking vessel 300 checking bollard 301 equally, and its effect has: one, be convenient to reclaim acoustical generator 100; Two, guarantee that acoustical generator 100 operates in the certain limit of nautical receiving set 200 vertical lower region.
Instantiation, the production method of described acoustical generator 100 is as follows: get unlike material and manufacture experimently the acoustical generator of boulder and cobble motion under water 100 and carry out test experiments, acoustical generator 100 is made to measure the last material of sounding, finally adopt hollow steel pipe 103, steel pipe 103 inside nominal diameter is 65mm, and steel pipe 103 wall thickness is 2mm, external diameter is 76mm, long 500mm, configuration aperture imported and exported by steel pipe 103 is the stainless steel filter screen of 1.4mm, for crossing water sediment trapping.The long * of acoustical generator 100 overall dimensions 1*0.9m(is wide), as shown in Figure 1,10 stainless-steel pipes 103 placed side by side, interval 15mm between every two, acoustical generator 100 the right and left distance fish lead 10115mm, fish lead 101 diameter 120mm, long 900mm.Steel pipe 103, fish lead 101 weld with stainless steel steel bar and are linked to be row, and the wide * of the long * of the long 1215*50*5mm(of stainless steel steel bar is thick).Two steel bar spacing 200mm, steel pipe 103 mouth of pipe nearest steel bar edge 100mm.Intelligible, the above-mentioned description to acoustical generator 100 only exemplarily, about the description of size, quantity only for the structure and parameters of clearer statement acoustical generator 100 of the present invention, they are not limited to scope of the present invention, in various embodiments, above-mentioned data, parameter can do corresponding amendment according to different application scenarioss.
Boulder and cobble collision voice collection device of the present invention, the structure of acoustical generator 100 is simple, adopt hollow steel pipe 103, Parallel to the flow direction A settles, be convenient to properly be placed in river bed, current obstruction and the interference to boulder and cobble motion around can be reduced, nautical receiving set is fixed on the top of acoustical generator 100, its submerged in the water is made not expose river surface, being convenient to it can record sensitiveer, clearly can obtain its sound of boulder and cobble collision being positioned at the acoustical generator 100 below it and sending, the sound of admission is wirelessly transmitted to long-range calculation processing apparatus, so that the sound of calculation processing apparatus to boulder and cobble collision acoustical generator 100 extracts.This boulder and cobble collision voice collection device, structure is simple, is convenient to make, and cost of manufacture is cheap, and Be very effective occurs, and the acoustic reception of nautical receiving set 200 is sensitive.
Refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is that the present invention is for the defeated structural representation moving voice acquisition system one embodiment of observation of boulder and cobble.The present embodiment comprise calculation processing apparatus for the defeated voice acquisition system moving observation of boulder and cobble, also comprise boulder and cobble collision voice collection device, described nautical receiving set and the described calculation processing apparatus wireless connections for gathering boulder and cobble collision sound in multiple irregular river be arranged in measured zone.Described calculation processing apparatus is used for the voice data that each nautical receiving set received sends to carry out sound extraction, to extract the sound of boulder and cobble collision acoustical generator.In described multiple boulder and cobble collision voice collection device, wherein a part of boulder and cobble collision voice collection device is arranged along the length direction of measured zone, and another part boulder and cobble collision voice collection device is arranged along the Width of measured zone.
In the present embodiment, the sound of enrolling is sent to remote computation treating apparatus by a wireless base station apparatus by described nautical receiving set 200.
In actual observation, select the typical segment region in river to test, be criss-cross arranged tut harvester in test zone.The voice collection device of arranging in the width direction, they can not on same Width, they can be staggeredly arranged, same, the voice collection device of arranging along its length, they can not also on same length direction, they can be staggeredly arranged equally, so, the multiple voice collection device be arranged in measured zone are made to be irregular matroid shape, their irregular method for arranging is more conducive to collecting the frequency that boulder and cobble collides the sound of acoustical generator 100, is more conducive to the defeated shipper pole recording boulder and cobble.
In concrete test observation of the present invention, three observation stations (i.e. three voice collection device) are arranged in each transversal section of observation area, according to the width in the river of this real-time monitored, each observation station spacing 100 ~ 200m, interval about 200m between each section, in order to judge that the roughly defeated of boulder and cobble moves route.In this embodiment, by an observation platform, nautical receiving set 200 is embedded in water, particularly, the upper end of one fixed bar (such as steel pipe) is fixed on marking vessel 300(navigation mark marking vessel and construction marker ship) checking bollard 301 on, the lower end of fixed bar is fixedly connected with observation platform (this programme adopts and welds), to make observation platform stretch under water, makes nautical receiving set 200 submerged in the water completely thus, in this programme, nautical receiving set 200 is made to sink under the water about one meter.Observation platform along water (flow) direction A horizontal positioned, nautical receiving set 200 breech face to upstream, head end towards downstream, to reduce the impact that water impact is enrolled sound.In the present embodiment, the height of nautical receiving set 200 in river is higher than acoustical generator 100, if when nautical receiving set 200 is too near to acoustical generator 100, the easy boulder and cobble that affects moves, if nautical receiving set 200 is too close to river surface, then current sound, ship's navigation sound easily affect the recording of nautical receiving set 200, cause recording effect poor.Therefore, this programme is by the position of nautical receiving set 200 submerged 1 ~ 2 meter.
In embodiment of the present invention, the shock sound of cobble and cobble, at river bed ubiquity, phonographic recorder all may be heard, so just well can not determine that sound sends the position in source.Therefore, in native system, the generating means adopting steel pipe 103 to be assembled into, puts into river bed, and be bundled on marking vessel 300 with rope by steel pipe 103 device, namely its position can be determined well, and observation personnel just can know clearly near marking vessel 300.Cobble clashes into the sound of steel pipe 103, and the sound that cobble and cobble clash into, other sound such as ship walked by boats and ships, all can record.Data processing is carried out by remote computation treating apparatus, sound cobble being clashed into steel pipe 103 is separated, the frequency that cobble clashes into the sound of acoustical generator 100 is obtained with statistics, the sound frequency that the acoustical generator 100 of each observation station is clashed into by cobble, roughly can obtain the defeated intensity of moving of cobble and defeated shipper pole (defeated pan position) thus, namely the real time kinematics characteristic of boulder and cobble can be obtained, after obtaining these parameters, a basic basis can be provided to follow-up waterway regulation, waterway planning, change etc.The sound that the process, extraction etc. of above-mentioned calculation processing apparatus to voice data can adopt existing any one sound extractive technique to be collided by sound, boulder and cobble and the acoustical generator 100 that boulder and cobble and boulder and cobble collide, the sound of boats and ships, the sound of current distinguish.Because the present embodiment adopts hollow steel pipe 103 to be made into the acoustical generator 100 in face, hollow steel pipe 103 can increase the intensity of sound, other sound in the sound that boulder and cobble and acoustical generator 100 are collided and river is distinguished larger, therefore to be more convenient for the extraction work of sound in later stage, extracted by the sound that boulder and cobble and acoustical generator 100 collide generation, the frequency between the sound obtaining each boulder and cobble collision acoustical generator according to the sound extracted, the intensity etc. of sound obtain the defeated of boulder and cobble and move intensity, frequency etc.
Obtain the real time kinematics characteristic of boulder and cobble thus.In the present embodiment, preparation solar cell provides power supply for equipment on marking vessel 300.Make wireless launcher, these recording files are sent to remote computing device.
To sum up, embodiment of the present invention, acoustical generator 100 can strengthen the sound that boulder and cobble motion collision sends, and strengthens voice recognition degree, is convenient to subsequent data analysis; Can probably determine boulder and cobble position; The structure of acoustical generator 100 is simple, can reduce current obstruction and the interference to boulder and cobble motion around; Realize data wireless transmission, be convenient to the motion of Real-Time Monitoring boulder and cobble, understand boulder and cobble motion state in time by spectrum analysis.
Refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 moves boulder and cobble collision voice collection device arrangement schematic diagram in the voice acquisition system of observation for boulder and cobble is defeated.Of the present invention as follows for the defeated method for arranging moving the collision of boulder and cobble in the voice acquisition system of observation voice collection device of boulder and cobble:
In observation area, lay nautical receiving set 200, the length direction in riverbed and Width arrange multiple nautical receiving set 200 in length and breadth, are arranged in river by nautical receiving set 200; In this step, the multiple transversal section in observation area arrange multiple nautical receiving set 200 respectively, to make nautical receiving set 200 by being arranged in observation area of intersecting in length and breadth.
Particularly, according to marking vessel 300(navigation mark marking vessel and construction marker ship) position install nautical receiving set 200.Nautical receiving set 200 is placed in observation platform, the interior empty shape size of observation platform and nautical receiving set match, can not action easily to make nautical receiving set 200 to be placed in after in observation platform, by welding, steel pipe one end is fixed on marking vessel 300(navigation mark marking vessel and construction marker ship) checking bollard 301 on, the other end connect observation platform stretch into about one meter under water.Observation platform along water (flow) direction A horizontal positioned, nautical receiving set 200 breech face to upstream, head end towards downstream, to reduce the impact that water impact is enrolled sound.
One_to_one corresponding arranges acoustical generator 100, to be arranged in by each acoustical generator 100 on River Bed and to be positioned at the below of a corresponding nautical receiving set 200.In this step, acoustical generator 100 one end with hawser 401 is connected, on the marking vessel 300 that the other end of hawser 401 is fixed on river surface, make acoustical generator 100 be deposited on the River Bed of nautical receiving set 200 vertical lower under fish lead 101 and the Action of Gravity Field of self, make acoustical generator 100 be positioned at the below of nautical receiving set 200 one to one thus.Particularly in example, acoustical generator 100 hangs on Removable hook, and Removable hook connects steel cable, and acoustical generator 100 is deposited on the River Bed of nautical receiving set 200 vertical lower under fish lead 101 and the Action of Gravity Field of self.Removable hook makes acoustical generator 100 automatically to comply with current, to make current flow through hollow steel pipe 103 by adjustment direction, reduces resistance to water-flow, increases construction weight, is convenient to.The steel cable other end is fixed on the checking bollard 301 of marking vessel 300 equally, and its effect is: one, be convenient to reclaim acoustical generator 100; Two, guarantee that acoustical generator 100 operates in the certain limit of nautical receiving set 200 vertical lower region.
The installation steps of above-mentioned nautical receiving set 200 and acoustical generator 100 can be changed mutually.After nautical receiving set 200 and acoustical generator 100 install, in river, in boulder and cobble motion process, strike acoustical generator 100, send the sound of certain frequency, just probably can be judged the defeated pan position of boulder and cobble by the position of acoustical generator 100.Nautical receiving set 200 collected sound signal, is converted to digital signal by simulating signal and does interim storage and organize, being sent to monitoring central server finally by wireless transmission.In the present embodiment, many voice collection device are indulged by arranged crosswise in length and breadth, can measure which position more accurately has boulder and cobble to collide sound, the defeated of boulder and cobble can be recorded according to the intensity of sound of acoustical generator 100 and move intensity, according to the occurrence frequency of each acoustical generator 100, the defeated shifting movement characteristic of boulder and cobble that area occurs can be obtained, according to the position of the acoustical generator 100 of sounding, the defeated shipper pole of boulder and cobble can be obtained, according to long observation, the collision frequency that can obtain which time period boulder and cobble is larger, to observe personnel learn in 1 year which season, defeated amount of moving of which or which day boulder and cobble etc. in month, by upper, by long-term observational record and analysis, the change in time and space of Real-Time Monitoring boulder and cobble motion, for the defeated kinetic characteristic of moving of research boulder and cobble provides basic data.
These are only embodiments of the present invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is collided voice collection device for the defeated boulder and cobble moving observation of boulder and cobble, it is characterized in that: comprise the acoustical generator that is arranged in River Bed and to be arranged in river and the nautical receiving set be positioned at above acoustical generator, the sound that described nautical receiving set sends because of boulder and cobble collision for recording described acoustical generator, the many steel columns that described acoustical generator comprises two spaced fish leads, is connected to the steel column holder between two fish leads and is fixed in side by side on described steel column holder.
2., as claimed in claim 1 for the defeated boulder and cobble collision voice collection device of moving observation of boulder and cobble, it is characterized in that: described steel column is steel pipe.
3., as claimed in claim 2 for the defeated boulder and cobble collision voice collection device of moving observation of boulder and cobble, it is characterized in that: be respectively arranged with the screen pack for crossing water sediment trapping at the two ends of described steel pipe.
4., as claimed in claim 1 for the defeated boulder and cobble collision voice collection device of moving observation of boulder and cobble, it is characterized in that: described steel column holder adopts the spaced steel bar of more than two, the two ends of described steel bar are individually fixed on two fish leads.
5. as claimed in claim 1 for the defeated boulder and cobble collision voice collection device of moving observation of boulder and cobble, it is characterized in that: many steel columns are evenly spaced to be arranged on described steel column holder, is parallel to each other between described steel column.
6. any one of claim 1 to 5 as described in claim for the defeated boulder and cobble collision voice collection device of moving observation of boulder and cobble, it is characterized in that: described acoustical generator is connected with one end of hawser, the other end of described hawser is fixed on the fixture on river surface.
7. one kind for the defeated voice acquisition system moving observation of boulder and cobble, comprise calculation processing apparatus, it is characterized in that: comprise the boulder and cobble collision voice collection device for gathering boulder and cobble collision sound in multiple river be arranged in measured zone, the boulder and cobble collision voice collection device of described boulder and cobble collision voice collection device any one of the claims 1 to 6 described in claim, the nautical receiving set of described boulder and cobble collision voice collection device and described calculation processing apparatus wireless connections; Described calculation processing apparatus is used for the voice data that each nautical receiving set received sends to carry out sound extraction, to extract the sound of boulder and cobble collision acoustical generator.
8. as claimed in claim 7 for the defeated voice acquisition system moving observation of boulder and cobble, it is characterized in that: in described multiple boulder and cobble collision voice collection device, wherein a part of boulder and cobble collision voice collection device is arranged along the length direction of measured zone, and another part boulder and cobble collision voice collection device is arranged along the Width of measured zone.
9., for the defeated method for arranging moving boulder and cobble collision voice collection device in the voice acquisition system of observation of boulder and cobble, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Lay nautical receiving set, the length direction in riverbed and Width arrange multiple nautical receiving set in length and breadth, are arranged in river by fixing for nautical receiving set;
One_to_one corresponding arranges acoustical generator, to be arranged in by each acoustical generator on River Bed and to be positioned at the below of a corresponding nautical receiving set.
10., as claimed in claim 9 for the defeated method for arranging moving boulder and cobble collision voice collection device in the voice acquisition system of observation of boulder and cobble, it is characterized in that:
In the step of laying nautical receiving set, nautical receiving set is put into observation platform, and observation platform is fixedly connected with the bottom of a fixed bar, make the top of fixed bar be fixed on marking vessel, make observation platform be sunken in river, make nautical receiving set sink in river and the position of close river surface completely thus;
In the step of arranging acoustical generator, acoustical generator is connected with one end of hawser, on the marking vessel that the other end of hawser is fixed on river surface, make acoustical generator be deposited on the River Bed of nautical receiving set vertical lower under fish lead and the Action of Gravity Field of self, make acoustical generator be positioned at the below of nautical receiving set one to one thus.
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| CN201510915272.9A CN105571819B (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2015-12-11 | For defeated voice acquisition system, harvester and its method for arranging for moving observation of boulder and cobble |
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| CN107238483A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-10-10 | 重庆交通大学 | For defeated harvester, the system and method for moving pressure and defeated shifting audio of boulder and cobble |
| CN114061902A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-18 | 重庆交通大学 | Real-time monitoring device, method and system for egg and gravel transportation based on image method |
| CN114509238A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 重庆交通大学 | Water surface light guide device and flow measurement system suitable for indoor water tank test |
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