JP5643660B2 - Railway vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle provided on a roof with an air conditioner for supplying or ventilating conditioned air in a cabin.

  Conventionally, after recirculating air from the cabin is conditioned, the air conditioning device (hereinafter referred to as an air conditioner) that supplies the conditioned air to the cabin, or exhausting the cabin air outside the vehicle or fresh air outside the vehicle The air conditioner with a ventilation function that introduces the inside of the passenger compartment is often mounted on the top of the roof structure of a railway vehicle. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a portion including a roof structure of a railway vehicle provided with an air conditioner on the top of the roof structure and the above-described air conditioner along the longitudinal direction 520 of the railway vehicle. In FIG. 10, the air conditioner is provided in the upper part of the roof structure 40 that constitutes the railcar while providing a partition inside the casing to form the outdoor fan room 102, the indoor fan room 104, and the equipment room 106. A heat insulating material 42 is stretched on the inner side of the roof structure 40 so that heat does not enter the interior of the vehicle from the outside of the vehicle (particularly in the summer) or is dissipated from the interior of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle (particularly in the winter).

  An opening is formed in a part of the lower wall of the indoor fan chamber 104 facing the roof structure 40, and an opening 41 is formed in the roof structure 40 corresponding to the opening. Around the opening 41, an airtight packing is provided between the roof structure 40 and the air conditioner 100 to prevent rainwater, dust, and the like from entering the vehicle and to block the outside air from the conditioned air. doing. A vertical ventilation duct 43 is provided in the opening 41 between the roof structure 40 and the vehicle ceiling 47.

  In the opening of the ceiling 47 connected to the ventilation duct 43, a porous plate 48 and a filter 46 are arranged in order from the cabin side. The perforated plate 48 and the ceiling 47 are substantially in the same plane. In addition, the edge part of the height direction 530 (refer FIG. 1) of the ventilation duct 43 is connected to the opening part 41 provided in the roof structure 40. FIG. As shown in the wind flow 300, the air in the cabin passes through the perforated plate 48 and the filter 46, passes through the ventilation duct 43, and is guided to the interior of the indoor fan chamber 104. Although not shown, the indoor fan chamber 104 is provided with an indoor fan and an indoor heat exchanger, and the air sucked into the indoor fan chamber 104 from the guest room passes through the indoor heat exchanger described above. In the process, the temperature and humidity are harmonized and then re-supplied as conditioned air from the indoor fan room 104 into the passenger compartment of the railway vehicle.

  When a railway vehicle equipped with an air conditioner on the roof as described above travels at a high speed, air cannot smoothly flow around the air conditioner, and the air flow is separated from, for example, the front edge of the air conditioner. This separated air flow is a flow in which vortices whose directions alternate alternately like a Karman vortex flow, and a periodic aerodynamic excitation force acts on the upper surface cover of the equipment on the roof to vibrate the upper surface cover. The vibration of the outer wall generates noise 310 inside the air conditioner, and the noise 310 propagates directly into the vehicle through the opening in the passenger compartment ceiling. Such noise exhibits a characteristic having an excellent peak at the frequency f1 corresponding to the eigenvalue of the upper surface cover forming the indoor fan chamber 104 as indicated by a broken line in FIG.

  The air blower of the air conditioner is installed in the space between the roof structure and the ceiling of the railway vehicle, and the cooling air is blown out straight in the longitudinal direction of the car body, thereby reducing the ventilation resistance of the blowout part of the indoor blower and There has been proposed a railway vehicle that improves the flow, reduces the outer diameter of the impeller, and uses a small blower to reduce the noise in the vehicle and reduces the power consumption of the indoor blower (Patent Literature). 1).

  A vehicle air conditioner (main body) that is mounted on the roof of a railway vehicle and has a built-in indoor blower for blowing air into the car, and a lower side of the indoor blower to change the flow direction of the air blown from the indoor blower Each of the indoor fans is provided with a guide plate attached so as to be positioned so that the vibration generated when the air blown from the indoor fan collides with the guide plate does not directly propagate to the vehicle body. There has been proposed a vehicle air conditioner that suppresses vibrations generated by the collision of air blown out and reduces the vibrations propagated to the vehicle body and a railway vehicle equipped with the same (see Patent Document 2).

JP 2002-347617 A JP 2007-253893 A

  Noise in the vehicle compartment contributes to the loss of comfort for passengers. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the noise 310 caused by the air conditioner radiated from the opening of the cabin ceiling 47 is diffused in the cabin, and there is a concern that the comfort of passengers and the like is impaired.

Therefore, by devising the structure of the ventilation duct that connects the rooftop equipment mounted on the roof structure of the railway vehicle and the guest room, even if noise enters the ventilation duct due to the air conditioner, the ventilation duct There is a problem to be solved in terms of attenuating noise in the process of being transmitted from the vehicle to the cabin.
An object of the present invention is to reduce the noise propagated in the passenger compartment of a vehicle even if noise generated due to aerodynamic vibration of the air conditioner, particularly the top cover, enters the ventilation duct, thereby comforting passengers and the like. It is to provide a railway vehicle that can maintain the nature.

  A railway vehicle according to the present invention includes a roof structure having an air conditioner mounted on an upper portion thereof and a first opening that allows ventilation to the air conditioner, and a ceiling of a guest room that is stretched below the roof structure. A ceiling member provided with a second opening that is defined and capable of venting from the cabin, and the first opening and the second opening are connected to the first opening and the second opening. A duct that forms a flow path that connects the ducts, and a cross-sectional area of the duct that intersects a flow direction of air flowing through the flow path is configured to be larger than an opening area of the first opening. Is configured as an expansion-type silencer.

  According to this railway vehicle, in the air conditioner mounted on the upper part of the roof structure, noise is generated by, for example, aerodynamic action caused by the flow of outside air, and the noise in the duct that provides the air flow path to the air conditioner Even if it enters, the duct acts as an expansion silencer because the cross-sectional area of the duct intersecting the flow direction of the air flowing through the flow path is larger than the opening area of the first opening, The noise can be attenuated. Therefore, it is possible to reduce noise transmitted from the second opening of the ceiling member leading to the duct into the cabin.

  In the railway vehicle, the second opening can be disposed almost directly below the first opening. Further, the second opening is not aligned with the first opening and the height direction of the railway vehicle, and can be arranged offset in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the railway vehicle. In this case, in addition, in order to suppress noise directly generated from the air conditioner as a sound source from the first opening to the second opening, a plate material for the duct is provided almost directly below the first opening. Or the board | plate material of the said duct and the board | plate material of the said ceiling member overlaid on the said cabin side can be arrange | positioned. Furthermore, a plurality of the second openings are dispersed and arranged in the ceiling member with respect to the one first opening, and air from the cabin flowing into the flow path from the second opening is After merging inside the duct, it can reach the inside of the air conditioner through the first opening.

  The railway vehicle according to the present invention further includes a roof structure having an air conditioner mounted thereon and a first opening that allows ventilation to the air conditioner; A ceiling member that defines a ceiling and includes two second openings that allow ventilation from the cabin; and the first opening and the second openings are connected to each other. A duct that forms a flow path that connects both the second openings, a horizontal distance from the first opening to one of the second openings, and the second opening from the first opening. The difference between the horizontal distance to the two openings is substantially the same as the length obtained by adding the half wavelength to the integral multiple of the wavelength corresponding to the peak frequency of noise using the air conditioner as a sound source. Is constructed as an interference silencer.

  According to this railway vehicle, in the air conditioner mounted on the upper part of the roof structure, noise is generated by, for example, aerodynamic action caused by the flow of outside air, and the noise in the duct that provides the air flow path to the air conditioner Even if the duct enters the duct, the duct determines the difference between the horizontal distance from the first opening to the one second opening and the horizontal distance from the first opening to the other second opening, Propagation from the first and second openings into the cabin because it is configured to be approximately the same length as the integral multiple of the wavelength corresponding to the peak frequency of the noise from the air conditioner as the sound source. The noises that are generated are muted by interference with each other in the cabin at a distance from the opening. In the case of this railway vehicle, the second opening is not aligned with the first opening and the height direction of the railway vehicle, but is offset in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the railway vehicle. be able to.

  In any one of the above railway vehicles, a porous plate is provided on the cabin side of the second opening, and a local opening ratio of a portion near the first opening of the porous plate is reduced, and the porous It is possible to increase the local aperture ratio of a portion of the plate away from the first opening. Furthermore, in any of the above railway vehicles, the duct has a sound absorbing function on the flow path side, and the sound absorbing function is such that the plate material itself constituting the duct is a sound absorbing plate material such as a porous material, At least one of affixing a sound-absorbing plate to the plate constituting the duct and disposing a sound-absorbing rectifying member that smoothes the flow of air flowing through the flow path to the plate constituting the duct. It can be prepared by adopting. Furthermore, the duct configured in the expansion silencer or the interference silencer is provided at one or both sides of the width direction at a central position in the width direction when viewed in the width direction of the railway vehicle. be able to. Further, the present railcar can be applied to a ventilation device having a ventilation function of the cabin air instead of the air conditioning device or the air conditioning device having a ventilation function of the cabin air.

  In the railway vehicle according to the present invention, in particular, in the process in which noise caused by the air conditioner passes through the ventilation duct penetrating the roof structure on which the air conditioner is placed and the ceiling of the passenger cabin, and is propagated into the passenger cabin, The noise of the peak component that determines the noise level can be reduced by the ventilation duct having a silencer structure, so the noise generated as a result of the aerodynamic vibration of the top cover of the air conditioner due to the high-speed running of the railway vehicle It is possible to provide a railway vehicle that is less likely to impair the comfort of the vehicle. In addition, noise caused by the air conditioner passes through the ventilation duct formed in the interference silencer that penetrates the roof structure on which the air conditioner is placed and the ceiling of the guest room, and then the interior of the guest room at a distance from the opening. Therefore, it is possible to provide a railway vehicle in which the comfort in the passenger cabin is hardly hindered.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a railway vehicle according to the present invention equipped with an air conditioner. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a vertical section A along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. 1, which is Embodiment 1 of the railway vehicle according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a sectional view cut along a vertical section A along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a view showing a third embodiment of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along a vertical section A along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a view showing Example 4 of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along a vertical section A along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view cut along a vertical section B along the width direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a view showing a sixth embodiment of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along a vertical section B along the width direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a passenger compartment ceiling view of the railway vehicle as seen in the direction of arrows CC in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram comparing the frequency characteristic of the noise level in the passenger room when the railway vehicle equipped with a conventional air conditioner on the roof is traveling at high speed and that of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view (corresponding to the cross section A in FIG. 1) cut along the longitudinal direction of a railway vehicle in which an air conditioner is mounted on a conventional roof.

  Hereinafter, with reference to drawings, the Example of the rail vehicle provided with the roof apparatus by this invention is described.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a railway vehicle according to the present invention equipped with an air conditioner. As shown in FIG. 1, the width direction of a railway vehicle (hereinafter abbreviated as “vehicle” for simplicity) 1 is 510, and the longitudinal direction and the height direction orthogonal to the width direction are 520 and 530, respectively. The vehicle 1 includes a frame 10 constituting a floor, side structures 20 and 20 (only one is shown) erected at both ends in the width direction 510 of the frame 10, and both ends in the longitudinal direction 520 of the frame 10. Wife structures 30 and 30 (only one is shown) erected in the section, and side structures 20 and 20 and the roof structure 40 placed on the upper end of the height structure 530 of the wife structures 30 and 30. .

  In order to achieve both weight reduction of the vehicle and improvement of manufacturability, the underframe 10, the side structure 20, and the roof structure 40 are made of a hollow extruded profile made of aluminum alloy in which two facing face plates are connected by ribs. The technique to do is established. When manufacturing a frame and each structure from a hollow extruded shape, first, a predetermined number of extruded shapes extruded into a predetermined shape are arranged on the upper surface of the gantry along a direction intersecting the extrusion direction. To do. Then, one frame and each structure are manufactured by carrying out friction stir welding or fusion welding along the joining line which joined the joining end surfaces of an extrusion shape member.

  On the lower surfaces of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the frame 10 constituting the vehicle 1, carriages 400 and 400 having a plurality of wheel shafts supported rotatably on the track are disposed. It is connected to the underframe 10. The side structure 20 constituting the vehicle 1 is provided with a window 22 and an entrance / exit 24 for passengers to get on and off. In addition, air conditioners 100 and 100 are mounted on the upper surface of the roof structure 40 and fixed by appropriate fixing means.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a vertical section A along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. 1, which is Embodiment 1 of the railway vehicle according to the present invention. Constituent elements and parts equivalent to the structure of the conventional vehicle shown in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 2, a ceiling member (hereinafter abbreviated as “ceiling”) 47 that defines the ceiling of the guest room at a distance from the roof structure 40 is provided on the passenger room side, which is the lower side of the roof structure 40. It is stretched. The roof structure 40 is provided with an opening 41 as a first opening that is formed so as to allow ventilation to the air conditioner 100. In addition, the ceiling 47 is provided with an opening 47a as a second opening formed so as to be ventilated from the cabin. In this embodiment, the opening 47 a is disposed almost directly below the opening 41. A ventilation duct 43 is provided between the roof structure 40 and the ceiling 47 so as to connect the opening 41 provided in the roof structure 40 and the opening 47 a provided in the ceiling 47. The ventilation duct 43 forms a flow path that connects the opening 41 and the opening 47a and connects the opening 41 and the opening 47a, and connects the air in the passenger compartment to the inside of the air conditioner 100 so as to be able to circulate. .

  The ventilation duct 43 is formed to have a larger dimension in the longitudinal direction 520 of the vehicle than the ventilation duct 43 shown in FIG. That is, the ventilation duct 43 is configured as an expansion silencer by configuring the cross-sectional area of the ventilation duct 43 to be larger than the opening area of the opening 41. A filter 46 and a porous plate 48 are provided in the opening 47 a of the ceiling 47. The opening 47 a provided in the ceiling 47 is not aligned with the height direction 530 of the vehicle 1 with respect to the opening 41 provided in the roof structure 40, and is formed at a position offset in the longitudinal direction 520. A plate material for the ventilation duct 43 and a plate material for the ceiling 47 are disposed immediately below the opening 41 of the roof structure 40. Usually, the plate material forming the ventilation duct 43 is made of a porous porous material or the like to give a sound absorbing function to the plate material itself, or in place of or in addition to this sound absorbing function, as shown in FIG. A sound absorbing material 45 is attached to the surface of the plate material forming the duct 43 on the air flow path side to enhance the sound deadening function of the ventilation duct 43.

  Due to the above structure, the air from the cabin flows into the ventilation duct 43 from the opening 47a provided in the ceiling 47 and provided with the filter 46 and the porous plate 48, as indicated by an arrow 300, and the roof structure 40. It bends and flows toward the opening 41 provided in the.

  When the vehicle 1 travels at a high speed, noise 310 is generated by aerodynamic vibration of the top cover due to separation of air flowing outside the air conditioner 100 installed as a rooftop device. The noise 310 normally travels through the opening 41 and the ventilation duct 43 and diffuses (radiates) into the cabin through the opening 47a in which the filter 46 and the porous plate 48 are provided. In the first embodiment, even if the noise 310 is radiated toward the cabin, it is arranged along the ceiling 47 of the cabin installed immediately below the opening 41 of the roof structure 40 or along the upper surface of the ceiling 47. By the bottom plate of the ventilation duct 43, direct propagation into the cabin is prevented and sound insulation is provided. Furthermore, the noise level of the noise 310 is reduced by the expansion silencer constituted by the ventilation duct 43. Further, the noise 310 is transmitted through the ventilation duct 17 in the process of propagation, and the noise absorption effect of the plate-like sound absorbing material 45 provided with the sound absorbing performance affixed to the plate material forming the ventilation duct 17 is reduced. Is attenuated or absorbed, the noise level is reduced.

This structure is configured in a railway vehicle equipped with rooftop equipment that has the function of air-conditioning the cabin air. You may comprise in the rail vehicle provided with the ventilation duct connected to the air intake part from the guest room of a ventilator room. Further, this structure may be installed at a cross-sectional position on a vertical plane extending in the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle such that the opening of the passenger compartment ceiling is provided in the center of the vehicle. In this case, the position of the opening portion of the roof structure 40 and the opening portion of the passenger compartment ceiling is provided at a position shifted in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, so that the traveling direction is bent in the process of noise propagating through the ventilation duct. The
FIG. 9 shows an outline of the noise characteristics of the frequency and sound pressure level in the passenger room in the railway vehicle according to the present invention. According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the sound pressure level in all frequency bands including the frequency f1 where the sound pressure level is specifically high.

  In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a triangular cross section having a slope at a bent portion (corner) where stagnation and eddy are likely to occur in the wind flow 300 in the ventilation duct 43 so as not to obstruct the wind flow 300. A shaped sound absorbing material (rectifying member) 45 is provided. The sound absorbing material (rectifying member) 45 not only exhibits sound absorbing performance, but also suppresses an increase in pressure loss of the ventilation duct 43. Thereby, the flow 300 of the wind in the ventilation duct 43 can be made smooth, and the noise which collides with the cabin ceiling 47 can be absorbed. In the ventilation duct 43, the sound absorbing material (rectifying member) 45 may also be disposed at a bent portion that is diagonal to the illustrated arrangement position of the sound absorbing material (rectifying member) 45. Further, when a sufficient noise reduction effect can be obtained with only the ventilation duct 43, the sound absorbing material (rectifying member) 45 can be omitted.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a sectional view cut along a vertical section A along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. The same members and portions as those in the structure shown in FIG. In Example 2 shown in FIG. 3, openings 44 a and 44 b of the ventilation duct 43 are formed corresponding to the opening 41 provided in the roof structure 40 and the opening 47 a provided in the ceiling 47, respectively. The opening 41 of the roof structure 40, the openings 44a and 44b of the ventilation duct 43, and the opening 47a of the ceiling 47 are formed along a substantially common central axis.

  The cross-sectional area 70 in the direction (horizontal plane) perpendicular to the wind flow 300 of the ventilation duct 43 is larger than the area of the opening 44b of the ventilation duct 43, and the ventilation duct 43 forms an expansion silencer. Since the transmission loss of the expansion silencer constituted by the ventilation duct 43 is governed by the ratio of the area of the opening 41 and the cross-sectional area 70, the ventilation duct 43 has a large transmission loss at the dominant frequency f1 to be silenced. The cross-sectional area 70 may be selected. In addition, the expansion of the cavity in the horizontal direction of the ventilation duct 43 may be symmetric or may not be symmetric. Although not shown, a flat sound absorbing material 45 may be attached to the surface of the plate material of the ventilation duct 43 as shown in FIG. By the ventilation duct 43 having the cross-sectional area 70 selected so that the transmission loss is increased at the noise peak frequency f1, the noise peak frequency f1 caused by the upper surface cover of the air conditioner 100 can be effectively attenuated. Therefore, the noise level radiated from the opening 47a of the ceiling 47 into the cabin can be suppressed.

  Further, in this embodiment, the wind flow 300 hardly flows by bending the ventilation duct 43, so that the pressure loss can be reduced as compared with the other embodiments. For this reason, since the static pressure of the specification point requested | required of the indoor air blower with which the inside of the air conditioner 100 is equipped can be made small, power consumption can be reduced and the noise level generated from the indoor air blower itself is also small. it can.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing a third embodiment of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along a vertical section A along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. The same members and portions as those in the structure shown in FIG. In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4, there is one opening 41 formed in the roof structure 40, whereas the opening of the ceiling 47 is distributed in a plurality. In the illustrated example, the ceiling 47 is provided with two openings 47 a and 47 a distributed in the longitudinal direction 520 of the vehicle 1. In the ventilation duct 43, openings 44a; 44b, 44b are formed corresponding to the openings 47a, 47a, respectively.

  A bottom plate extends at a portion of the ventilation duct 43 facing the opening 41 provided in the roof structure 40, and the opening 41 cannot be seen from directly under the passenger compartment. A sound absorbing material (rectifying member) 45 is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate facing the opening 41 that is a branch point of the ventilation duct 43. The sound absorbing material (rectifying member) 45 has a triangular cross section, and is arranged so that both sides are inclined with the same inclination. A filter 46 and a porous plate 48 are disposed in the openings 47a and 47a of the ceiling 47 and the openings 44b and 44b of the ventilation duct 43, respectively. Although not shown, as shown in FIG. 2, a flat sound absorbing material 45 may be attached to the surface of the plate material of the ventilation duct 43.

  With the above structure, the air from the passenger cabin passes through the perforated plate 48 and the filter 46 as the wind flow 300, 300 from the two openings 47a, 47a formed in the ceiling 47, and enters the ventilation duct 43. Inflow. The wind flows 300 and 300 that have flowed into the ventilation duct 43 are smoothly guided by the triangular sound-absorbing material (rectifying member) 45, and an increase in pressure loss due to the ventilation duct 43 is suppressed. The wind flows 300, 300 merge near the opening 41 of the roof structure 40 and flow into the indoor fan chamber 104. The noise 310 generated in the indoor fan chamber 104 propagates into the ventilation duct 43 from the opening 41 of the roof structure 40, but is sound-insulated by the plate material (bottom plate) forming the ventilation duct 43. Further, the noise 310 is absorbed and reduced before it diffuses into the cabin by colliding with the sound absorbing material 45 attached to the surface of the air duct 43 on the wind-flowing side. Further, since the noise 310 is propagated while being bent in the ventilation duct 43 and further attenuated, the noise propagation from the openings 47a and 47a of the ceiling 47 into the cabin can be further reduced.

  According to the structure of the present embodiment, since a plurality of openings 47a, 47a are provided in the cabin ceiling 47, in order to ensure an air flow rate equivalent to the wind flow 300 of the cabin flowing through the structure shown in FIG. The opening area of each opening 47a provided in the ceiling 47 can be reduced. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the effect of noise reflection is increased in the opening 47a provided in the ceiling 47, as compared with the structure of FIG. 2, and as a result, the noise in the cabin can be further reduced. Note that the number of openings 47a provided in the ceiling 47 may be three or more. The sound absorbing material 45 can be omitted if a sufficient noise reduction effect is obtained.

  FIG. 5 is a view showing Example 4 of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along a vertical section A along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. The same members and portions as those in the structure shown in FIG. Example 4 shown in FIG. 5 has the same basic configuration as the configuration of Example 3 shown in FIG. 4, but from the center of the opening 41 of the roof structure 40 to the ceiling 47. The difference is that the distances L1 and L2 reaching the opening center of the openings 47a and 47a are different. Although the triangular sound absorbing material (rectifying member) 45 shown in FIG. 4 is not shown, it may be provided as necessary.

  The difference between the distances L1 and L2 (= L1−L2) is approximately equal to a value obtained by adding the half wavelength λ / 2 to an integral multiple of the wavelength corresponding to the peak frequency f1 of the noise shown in FIG. By providing the difference between the distances L1 and L2 and providing the openings 47a and 47a, the ventilation duct 43 is configured as an interference silencer. Therefore, the noise radiated from the openings 47a and 47a provided in the ceiling 47 at the peak frequency f1 of the noise is silenced by interference in the guest room equidistant from the openings 47a and 47a. , Noise with outstanding peak frequency is reduced and comfort in the room is improved.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view cut along a vertical section B along the width direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. The same members and portions as those in the structure shown in FIG. In the fifth embodiment, heat exchangers 112 and 112 are disposed in the indoor fan chamber 104 constituting the air conditioner 100 so as to be spaced apart in the width direction 510 of the vehicle, and the width between the heat exchangers 112 and 112. A blower 110 is arranged in the center of the direction 510. Between the roof structure 40 and the ceiling 47 extending inside the vehicle, openings similar to the ventilation duct 43 shown in FIG. A ventilation duct (the duct itself is not shown) is applied.

  As shown on the right side of FIG. 6, the ceiling 47 is provided with openings 47 a and 47 a that are distributed at positions separated in the width direction 510. A filter 46 is provided in each opening 47a. Both openings 47a, 47a are arranged such that the distance from the opening 41 provided in the roof structure 40 is different as indicated by L3 and L4 as the distance between the centers. At the center of the ceiling 47 in the width direction 510, openings 47b and 47b are provided. The conditioned air blown out from the blower 110 is blown into the cabin from the openings 47b and 47b provided in the ceiling 47 through the opening provided in the center in the width direction 510 of the roof structure 40.

  The openings 47a and 47a provided in the ceiling 47 are formed at different positions (L3 and L4) from the opening 41 of the roof structure 40, thereby forming an interference silencer. The noise 310 generated in the above and radiated from the openings 47a and 47a is muted by interference in the passenger room at an equal distance from the openings 47a and 47a. Thus, the arrangement of the openings 47a of the ceiling 47 of the passenger cabin is arbitrary with respect to the lateral direction 510 and the longitudinal direction 520 of the vehicle, and the number of the openings 47a of the ceiling 47 is also arbitrary. Accordingly, noise radiated from the respective openings 47a and 47a of the ceiling 47 at the peak frequency f1 of the noise is silenced by interference in the cabin equidistant from the opening. Noise with frequency is reduced, and comfort in the cabin is improved.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing a sixth embodiment of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along a vertical section B along the width direction of the railway vehicle shown in FIG. The same members and parts as those in the structure shown in FIG. In the sixth embodiment, the ventilation duct structure provided on each of the left and right sides along the width direction 510 of the vehicle is not shown in itself, but as shown in FIG. 47a and 47a are distributed in the longitudinal direction 520 of the vehicle, and the distances between the openings 41 provided in the roof structure 40 to the openings 47a and 47a are different as shown by L1 and L2, and the difference between the distances is as follows. A structure is adopted in which (= L1−L2) substantially matches the length obtained by adding the half wavelength λ / 2 to the integral multiple of the wavelength corresponding to the noise peak frequency f1 shown in FIG. .

The noise generated in the indoor fan chamber 104 of the air conditioner 100 is radiated into the cabin from the respective openings 47a and 47a distributed on the ceiling 47 along the width direction 510. The phase of the noise 310 radiated from the openings 47a and 47a into the passenger cabin is the standing passenger ear position (the position at the distance H1 from the floor surface of the underframe 10) whose distance from the openings 47a and 47a is substantially equal. And the position at the passenger's ear position (position at a distance H2 from the floor surface of the underframe 10) where the distance from the openings 47a, 47a is a predetermined distance.
As described above, since the phases of the noise 310 radiated from the openings 47a and 47a provided in the ceiling 47 are reversed, the noise at the seated position and the standing passenger ear position can be silenced by interference, so Noise with the peak frequency is reduced, and comfort in the cabin is improved.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the railway vehicle according to the present invention, and is a passenger compartment ceiling view of the railway vehicle as seen in the direction of arrows CC in FIGS. 4 and 5. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the plate material of the ceiling 47 is disposed immediately below the opening 41 provided in the roof structure 40, and the lower portion of the opening 41 is covered with the ceiling 47.

In the present embodiment, a perforated plate 48 is fitted in the opening 47 a provided in the cabin ceiling 47. The intervals P1, P2, P3,... Between the holes 49 of the perforated plate 48 are set to be shorter (inversely proportional) as the distance from the opening 41 provided in the roof structure 40 to each hole 49 becomes longer. That is, the interval between the portions having a large distance from the opening 41 (sound source) is reduced (the opening ratio of the local porous plate 48 is increased), and the interval between the portions having a small distance is increased (the opening of the local porous plate 48). The rate is small). Thereby, the propagation distance of the noise propagated through the ventilation duct 43 (FIGS. 4 and 5) and radiated from the perforated plate 48 of the opening 47a provided in the ceiling 47 of the passenger cabin becomes longer (the longer the propagation distance is, the more the holes become) The distance is shortened to allow more wind flow 300), so that the noise can be attenuated and the aperture ratio of the portion near the sound source of the perforated plate 48 is increased, and By reducing the aperture ratio, the sound insulation of the porous plate 48 is enhanced. It is obvious that the structure of the ventilation duct in the present embodiment is applicable also in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
Therefore, noise diffused from the opening 49 of the porous plate 48 into the cabin through the ventilation duct 43 through the ventilation duct 43 is attenuated by the distance attenuation effect and the sound insulation effect of the porous plate 48. Therefore, the noise level radiated in the guest room can be reduced, and the comfort in the guest room is improved.

  The structure of the present embodiment is configured on a railway vehicle equipped with an air conditioner 100 that is mounted on the roof and has a function of air-conditioning the air in the passenger compartment. You may apply to the rail vehicle which mounts the exhaust apparatus (ventilator) which discharges | emits on a roof. In this case, an opening provided in a predetermined place of the roof structure 40 constituting the railway vehicle 1 and an opening provided in the ceiling in the passenger room are connected by a ventilation duct, and the porous duct provided in the ventilation duct and the opening of the ceiling is provided. By providing the plate with the features shown in the first to fifth and seventh embodiments, it is possible to suppress the noise caused by the top cover of the exhaust device from propagating into the cabin.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle 10 Underframe 20 Side structure 22 Window 24 Entrance / exit 30 Wife structure 40 Roof structure 41 Opening part 42 Heat insulating material 43 Ventilation ducts 44a and 44b Opening part 45 Sound absorbing material (rectifying member)
46 Filter 47 Ceiling 47a Opening 48 Perforated plate 49 Opening (hole)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Air conditioner 102 Outdoor fan room 104 Indoor fan room 106 Equipment room 110 Blower 112 Heat exchanger 300 Wind flow 310 Noise 400 Dolly 510 Vehicle width direction 520 Vehicle longitudinal direction 530 Vehicle height direction

Claims (11)

A roof structure equipped with an air conditioner on the top and having a first opening capable of venting to the air conditioner;
A ceiling member that is stretched under the roof structure to define a ceiling of a guest room and includes a second opening that allows ventilation from the guest room;
A duct connecting the first opening and the second opening to form a flow path connecting the first opening and the second opening;
In a railway vehicle comprising:
The duct has a sound absorbing function on the flow path side,
The sound absorbing function is provided by adopting the arrangement of a sound absorbing rectifying member that smoothes the flow of air flowing through the flow path in the plate material constituting the duct,
The duct is configured as an expansion silencer by configuring the cross-sectional area of the duct that intersects the flow direction of air flowing through the flow path to be larger than the opening area of the first opening.
A railway vehicle characterized by The railway vehicle according to claim 1,
The second opening is disposed substantially directly below the first opening;
A railway vehicle characterized by The railway vehicle according to claim 1,
The second opening is not aligned with the first opening in the height direction of the railway vehicle, and is offset in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the railway vehicle;
A railway vehicle characterized by In the railway vehicle according to claim 3,
In order to suppress the noise directly transmitted from the first opening to the second opening from the air conditioner as a sound source, a plate material of the duct or a duct of the duct is disposed almost directly below the first opening. A plate material and a plate material of the ceiling member stacked on the passenger cabin side are disposed;
A railway vehicle characterized by The railway vehicle according to claim 1,
A plurality of the second openings are distributed and arranged in the ceiling member with respect to one first opening,
The air from the cabin flowing into the flow path from the second opening merges inside the duct, and then reaches the inside of the air conditioner through the first opening;
A railway vehicle characterized by A roof structure equipped with an air conditioner on the top and having a first opening capable of venting to the air conditioner;
A ceiling member that is stretched under the roof structure to define a ceiling of a guest room and includes two second openings that allow ventilation from the guest room;
A duct that forms a flow path connecting the first opening and the second openings and connecting the first opening and the second openings;
In a railway vehicle comprising:
The difference between the horizontal distance from the first opening to the one second opening and the horizontal distance from the first opening to the other second opening is determined by using the air conditioner as a sound source. The duct is configured to be an interference silencer by substantially the same length as the integral multiple of the wavelength corresponding to the peak frequency of the noise and the half wavelength.
A railway vehicle characterized by The railway vehicle according to claim 6,
The second opening is not aligned in the height direction of the railway vehicle and before Symbol first opening, that are offset in the longitudinal direction or width direction of the railway vehicle,
A railway vehicle characterized by In the railway vehicle according to claim 6 or 7,
The duct has a sound absorbing function on the flow path side,
The sound-absorbing function includes the plate material itself constituting the duct as a sound-absorbing plate material such as a porous material, affixing a sound-absorbing plate material to the plate material constituting the duct, and the plate material constituting the duct. Arranging a sound-absorbing rectifying member that smoothes the flow of air flowing through the flow path;
Is provided by adopting at least one of
A railway vehicle characterized by In the railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A porous plate is provided on the side of the cabin of the second opening,
Reducing the local aperture ratio of the porous plate near the first opening and increasing the local aperture ratio of the porous plate away from the first opening;
A railway vehicle characterized by The railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The duct is provided in one or both sides in the width direction at a central position in the width direction when viewed in the width direction of the railcar,
A railway vehicle characterized by In the railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The duct is applied to a ventilation device having a ventilation function of the cabin air instead of the air conditioning device, or the air conditioning device having a ventilation function of the cabin air.
A railway vehicle characterized by

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