JP2023014863A

JP2023014863A - Railway vehicle

Info

Publication number: JP2023014863A
Application number: JP2021119047A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 徹渡辺; Toru Watanabe; 知生林; Tomoo Hayashi; 亮稔松居; Akinori Matsui; 隆治木村; Ryuji Kimura; 和也山口; Kazuya Yamaguchi; 忠正金保; Tadamasa Kaneyasu
Original assignee: Hitachi Ltd
Current assignee: Hitachi Ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-19
Filing date: 2021-07-19
Publication date: 2023-01-31

Abstract

To provide a railway vehicle which has an air inlet port, through that noise generated by an air conditioner hardly enter a passenger room.SOLUTION: A railway vehicle which has an underframe constituting a floor, side body structures erected on end parts in a width direction, gable body structures erected on end parts of the underframe in a longitudinal direction and a roof body structure installed on upper end parts of both side body structures and gable body structures has an air conditioner arranged below the underframe. An opening communicated with the air conditioner is arranged on the floor and a cover installed on the opening is connected to a support member in order not to touch the floor and a space surrounded by the floor, the cover and the support members is formed. The support members have 1 or more openings. The cover has 1 or more openings. To the cover only or both to the cover and to the support members, sound absorption material is attached. The thicknesses of the sound absorption materials are different according to different surfaces of the cover. The sound absorption materials are formed to be porous material plates with a subscribed thickness, have plural spaces insides and the spaces are communicated to the surface of the sound absorption materials.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本発明は、空調装置の稼働部が床下に配設された鉄道車両に関する。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a railway vehicle in which an operating section of an air conditioner is arranged under the floor.

空調装置で騒音の主要原因となる稼働機器（以下、「稼働部」又は単に「空調装置」ともいう）を屋根上に搭載する鉄道車両において、それら空調装置の屋根上機器に起因する空気加振力による騒音を、客室内に伝搬することを防止する技術が知られている（例えば、特許文献１）。この鉄道車両のように、空調装置を屋根上に搭載する場合、調和空気を客室内へ送り出す吹出口と、客室内からの再循環空気の吸込口とは、天井等を始めとする客室内の上方に配設される。 Air excitation caused by roof top equipment of air conditioners in railcars with operating equipment (hereinafter also referred to as "operating parts" or simply "air conditioners") that is the main cause of noise in air conditioners on the roof. There is a known technique for preventing force-induced noise from propagating into the cabin (for example, Patent Literature 1). When an air conditioner is installed on the roof of a railway vehicle, the air outlet for sending conditioned air into the passenger compartment and the intake for recirculated air from the passenger compartment are located on the ceiling and other parts of the passenger compartment. It is arranged above.

この鉄道車両は、屋根上機器を載置する屋根構体の開口部と、客室の天井に１つ以上設けられた開口部とが、通風ダクトで接続されている。また、屋根構体と開口部の直下に天井を配設することにより、屋根上機器から客室内へと放射された騒音を、天井によって遮音し、通風ダクトを伝搬する過程で、騒音を反射及び消音する。 In this railway vehicle, an opening in a roof structure on which equipment on the roof is mounted and one or more openings provided in the ceiling of a passenger cabin are connected by ventilation ducts. In addition, by arranging the ceiling directly under the roof structure and the opening, the noise radiated from the roof equipment into the cabin is insulated by the ceiling, and the noise is reflected and silenced in the process of propagating through the ventilation duct. do.

特開２０１２－１４４１６７号公報JP 2012-144167 A

しかし、特許文献１は、空調装置を屋根上に搭載する鉄道車両を対象としており、空調装置を床下に搭載する鉄道車両の構成とは異なる。空調装置を床下に搭載する場合、再循環空気の吸込口は、一般的に客室内の下方に配設される。また、吸込口の大きさについては、乗客が誤って吸込口を踏み抜いたりしないように、１箇所あたりの大きさを小さくする必要がある。吸込口の大きさを小さくすることにより、吸込口を通過する空気の通風面積が小さくなることから、吸込口を通過する空気の風速が速くなり、空気による騒音が増大し、乗客に不快感を与えることが懸念される。 However, Patent Literature 1 is directed to a railway vehicle in which an air conditioner is mounted on the roof, which is different from the structure of a railway vehicle in which an air conditioner is mounted under the floor. When the air conditioner is mounted under the floor, the inlet for the recirculated air is generally arranged in the lower part of the passenger compartment. Also, regarding the size of the suction port, it is necessary to reduce the size of each location so that passengers do not step on the suction port by mistake. Reducing the size of the suction port reduces the area of the air that passes through the suction port, which increases the speed of the air passing through the suction port, increasing air noise and causing discomfort to passengers. I am concerned about giving.

さらに、空調装置から着席している乗客までの距離は、空調装置が屋根上搭載型の場合よりも、床下搭載型である場合の方が近くなる。したがって、床下搭載型の空調装置の場合、着席中の乗客が実際に聞こえる騒音が増大する分だけ、乗客に余計な不快感を与えることが懸念される。本発明は上記課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、空調装置によって発生する騒音を、客室内に侵入させ難い空気の吸込口を備える鉄道車両を提供することにある。 Furthermore, the distance from the air conditioner to the seated passengers is closer when the air conditioner is mounted under the floor than when it is mounted on the roof. Therefore, in the case of an underfloor-mounted air conditioner, there is a concern that the increased noise actually heard by a seated passenger may make the passenger feel unnecessarily uncomfortable. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a railway vehicle provided with an air suction port that makes it difficult for noise generated by an air conditioner to enter the cabin.

上記課題を解決する本発明の鉄道車両は、床を構成する台枠と、台枠の幅方向の端部に立設される側構体と、台枠の長手方向の端部に立設される妻構体と、側構体及び妻構体の上端部に備えられる屋根構体と、を備え、台枠の下方に空調装置が配設された鉄道車両であって、床に空調装置と連通した開口が設けられ、開口上に配設されたカバーは、床とカバーとが接触しないように支持部材が接続され、床とカバーと支持部材により囲まれた空間を形成する。 A railway vehicle according to the present invention for solving the above problems is an underframe that forms a floor, a side structure erected at an end in the width direction of the underframe, and an end in the longitudinal direction of the underframe erected. A railway vehicle comprising an end structure, a side structure and a roof structure provided at the upper end of the end structure, an air conditioner installed below the underframe, and an opening communicating with the air conditioner provided in the floor. A cover disposed over the opening is connected to a support member so that the floor and the cover do not come into contact with each other, forming a space surrounded by the floor, the cover and the support member.

本発明によれば、空調装置によって発生する騒音を、客室内に侵入させ難い空気の吸込口を備える鉄道車両を提供することができる。 Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a railcar equipped with an air inlet that makes it difficult for noise generated by an air conditioner to enter the cabin.

本発明の実施形態に係る鉄道車両（以下、「本車両」ともいう）の側面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a side view of a railway vehicle (hereinafter also referred to as "this vehicle") according to an embodiment of the present invention; 本車両の長手方向に交差する断面図（図１のＡ－Ａ断面図）である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view along line AA in FIG. 1) that intersects the longitudinal direction of the vehicle; 本発明の実施例１に係る本車両の床板付近の拡大図（図２のＢ部の拡大図）である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor plate of the vehicle according to Example 1 of the present invention (enlarged view of portion B in FIG. 2). 本発明の実施例１に係る本車両の床板付近の上面図である。It is a top view near the floor board of this vehicle concerning Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例２に係る本車両の床板付近の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view near the floor board of this vehicle which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施例３に係る本車両の床板付近の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view near the floor board of this vehicle which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. 本発明の実施例４に係る本車両の床板付近の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view near the floor board of this vehicle which concerns on Example 4 of this invention. 本発明の実施例５に係る本車両の床板付近の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view near the floor board of this vehicle which concerns on Example 5 of this invention. 本発明の実施例６に係る本車両の床板付近の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view near the floor board of this vehicle which concerns on Example 6 of this invention. 本発明の実施例７に係る本車両の床板付近の拡大図である。FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor plate of the vehicle according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention; 本発明の実施例８に係る本車両の床板付近の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view near the floor board of this vehicle which concerns on Example 8 of this invention. 本発明の実施例９に係る本車両の床板付近の拡大図（図１のＣ部の拡大図かつ本車両の長手方向に交差する断面図）である。FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor plate of the vehicle according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention (an enlarged view of the C part in FIG. 1 and a cross-sectional view intersecting the longitudinal direction of the vehicle). 本発明の実施例１０に係る本車両の床板付近の拡大図（図１のＣ部の拡大図かつ本車両の長手方向に交差する断面図）である。FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor plate of the vehicle according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention (an enlarged view of the C part in FIG. 1 and a sectional view crossing the longitudinal direction of the vehicle).

以下、図を参照しながら、本発明による実施の形態を説明する。図１は本車両１（実施例１～９で共通の符号１）の側面図である。まず、発明の実施を説明するために供される各方向を定義する。本車両１の長手方向又はレール方向をｘ方向とする。図２～図１３に示す本車両１の幅方向又は枕木方向をｙ方向とする。また、本車両１の上下方向又は高さ方向をｚ方向とする。以下、単に、ｘ方向、ｙ方向、ｚ方向と記す場合がある。 Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of the vehicle 1 (symbol 1 common to the first to ninth embodiments). First, define each direction that serves to describe the practice of the invention. Let the longitudinal direction or rail direction of the vehicle 1 be the x direction. The width direction or sleeper direction of the vehicle 1 shown in FIGS. 2 to 13 is defined as the y direction. Moreover, let the up-down direction or height direction of this vehicle 1 be az direction. Hereinafter, these directions may be simply referred to as x-direction, y-direction, and z-direction.

図２は本車両１の長手方向ｘに交差する断面図（図１のＡ－Ａ断面図）である。本車両１は、車両の床面をなす台枠１０と、台枠１０のｙ方向の両端部に立設される側構体２０と、台枠１０のｘ方向の端部に立設される妻構体４０と、側構体２０と妻構体４０の上端部に載置される屋根構体３０、からなる概直方体である。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view along line AA in FIG. 1) crossing the longitudinal direction x of the vehicle 1. As shown in FIG. The vehicle 1 includes an underframe 10 forming a floor surface of the vehicle, side structures 20 erected on both ends of the underframe 10 in the y direction, and ends erected on ends of the underframe 10 in the x direction. It is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped composed of a structure 40 and a roof structure 30 mounted on the upper end of the side structure 20 and the end structure 40 .

台枠１０のｘ方向の両端部は軌道３を転動する台車５に支持される。側構体２０は、複数の窓や乗客や乗務員等が乗降する側引き戸（側開き戸）を備える。台枠１０の下方には、本車両１を支持する台車５が備える主電動機に電力を供給する主変換装置（図示なし）や、空調装置５０等の機器類が備えられる。 Both ends of the underframe 10 in the x direction are supported by trucks 5 that roll on the tracks 3 . The side structure 20 includes a plurality of windows and side sliding doors (side hinged doors) through which passengers, crew members, and the like get on and off. Below the underframe 10, equipment such as a main converter (not shown) that supplies electric power to the main motor of the bogie 5 that supports the vehicle 1, an air conditioner 50, and the like is provided.

空調装置５０には、生成した調和空気の吐出口（図示なし）と、再循環空気の戻り口（図示なし）と、車外へ排気される空気が流入する排気口（図示なし）が備えられ、各々の口には、所望の部位へ空気を供給、もしくは空気を導入するためのダクトが接続される。空調装置５０の調和空気の吐出口に接続されるダクトを調和空気ダクト２１と呼ぶ。また、空調装置５０の再循環空気の戻り口に接続されるダクトを再循環空気ダクト２２と呼ぶ。また、空調装置５０の排気口に接続されるダクトを排気ダクト２３と呼ぶ。 The air conditioner 50 is provided with a discharge port (not shown) for the generated conditioned air, a return port (not shown) for the recirculated air, and an exhaust port (not shown) for inflowing the air exhausted to the outside of the vehicle. A duct for supplying or introducing air to a desired site is connected to each port. A duct connected to the conditioned air outlet of the air conditioner 50 is called a conditioned air duct 21 . A duct connected to the recirculated air return port of the air conditioner 50 is called a recirculated air duct 22 . A duct connected to the exhaust port of the air conditioner 50 is called an exhaust duct 23 .

調和空気ダクト２１は、側構体２０と台枠１０との接続部の車内側、かつ側構体２０の下端部と台枠１０のｙ方向端部との接続部近傍に、ｘ方向に沿って備えられる。調和空気ダクト２１には、ｘ方向に沿って離散的に、側構体２０の窓と窓との間の吹き寄せ部をｚ方向に複数の立上りダクト２４が接続される。 The conditioned air duct 21 is provided along the x-direction on the inner side of the connection between the side structure 20 and the underframe 10 and near the connection between the lower end of the side structure 20 and the end of the underframe 10 in the y direction. be done. A plurality of rising ducts 24 are discretely connected to the conditioned air duct 21 along the x-direction in the z-direction at the blow-by portion between the windows of the side structure 20 .

立上りダクト２４の上方には、側構体２０に固定される荷だな２６が備えられる。調和空気６０は、空調装置５０から調和空気ダクト２１と立上がりダクト２４を経由して、荷だな２６下から客室内に吹き出される。吹き出された調和空気６０は、客室内に行き渡り、最終的に再循環空気７０又は排気（図示なし）として、再循環空気ダクト２２又は排気ダクト２３を経由して、空調装置５０に戻る。 A luggage rack 26 fixed to the side structure 20 is provided above the rising duct 24 . Conditioned air 60 is blown from the air conditioner 50 through the conditioned air duct 21 and the riser duct 24 into the passenger compartment from below the luggage rack 26 . The blown conditioned air 60 spreads throughout the passenger compartment and finally returns to the air conditioner 50 via the recirculated air duct 22 or the exhaust duct 23 as recirculated air 70 or exhaust air (not shown).

本車両１の床面をなす台枠１０の上面には、支持部（図示なし）を介して上床１２（以下、単に「床」ともいう）が備えられる。上床１２の上面には座席１４が固定される。再循環空気ダクト２２は、台枠１０と上床１２で囲まれるとともに、本車両１のｙ方向の中心線８０よりの空間にｘ方向に沿って備えられる。再循環空気７０は、本車両１の上床１２に備えられる、表板１２ａと裏板１２ｂと芯材１２ｃと再循環空気ダクト２２とが連通した開口１５から、再循環空気ダクト２２に導入され、空調装置５０に戻る。 An upper floor 12 (hereinafter also simply referred to as "floor") is provided on the upper surface of the underframe 10 forming the floor surface of the vehicle 1 via a support portion (not shown). A seat 14 is fixed to the upper surface of the upper floor 12 . The recirculation air duct 22 is surrounded by the underframe 10 and the upper floor 12, and is provided along the x-direction in a space from the centerline 80 of the vehicle 1 in the y-direction. The recirculated air 70 is introduced into the recirculated air duct 22 from an opening 15 provided in the upper floor 12 of the vehicle 1, in which the top plate 12a, the back plate 12b, the core member 12c, and the recirculated air duct 22 communicate, Return to the air conditioner 50 .

排気ダクト２３は、本車両１の再循環空気ダクト２２のｙ方向の中心線８０よりの空間にｘ方向に沿って備えられる。車外へ排気される空気（図示なし）は、再循環空気７０の場合と同様に、本車両１の上床１２に備えられる、表板１２ａと裏板１２ｂと芯材１２ｃと排気ダクト２３とが連通した開口１５から、排気ダクト２３に導入され、空調装置５０へ至る。 The exhaust duct 23 is provided along the x-direction in a space from the y-direction centerline 80 of the recirculation air duct 22 of the vehicle 1 . Air (not shown) exhausted to the outside of the vehicle communicates with the top plate 12a, the back plate 12b, the core member 12c, and the exhaust duct 23 provided on the upper floor 12 of the vehicle 1, as in the case of the recirculated air 70. The air is introduced into the exhaust duct 23 from the opened opening 15 and reaches the air conditioner 50 .

図３は本発明の実施例１に係る本車両１の床１２付近の拡大図（図２のＢ部の拡大図）であり、図４は本発明の実施例１に係る本車両１の床１２付近の上面図である。床１２は、表板１２ａと裏板１２ｂにより芯材１２ｃが挟み込まれている構成となっており、端部はフレーム１３に固定されている。 FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 according to Example 1 of the present invention (an enlarged view of the B portion in FIG. 2), and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the floor of the vehicle 1 according to Example 1 of the present invention. 12 is a top view near 12. FIG. The floor 12 has a structure in which a core material 12c is sandwiched between a front plate 12a and a back plate 12b, and the ends are fixed to the frame 13. As shown in FIG.

表板１２ａと裏板１２ｂと芯材１２ｃと再循環空気ダクト２２、及び表板１２ａと裏板１２ｂと芯材１２ｃと排気ダクト２３とが連通した開口１５は、本車両１の車内に１カ所以上存在し、複数の開口１５が存在する場合には、ｘ方向に沿って配設される。開口１５は、乗客の妨げにならないよう、座席１４の直下に備えられる。 The opening 15 through which the top plate 12a, the back plate 12b, the core member 12c, and the recirculation air duct 22, and the top plate 12a, the back plate 12b, the core member 12c, and the exhaust duct 23 communicate with each other is provided at one place inside the vehicle 1. If there are more than one and a plurality of openings 15 are present, they are arranged along the x-direction. An opening 15 is provided directly below the seat 14 so as not to obstruct passengers.

また、開口１５は、裏板１２ｂと再循環空気ダクト２２との隙間を埋めるための隙間埋め部材１６により、再循環空気７０が開口１５から外部に漏れない構成になっている。排気ダクト２３についても同様である。開口１５の上方には、開口１５を覆い隠す大きさを持つカバー１７が配設される。そのカバー１７は、開口１５の周囲の床１２と、支持部材１８を介して配設される。支持部材１８は、床１２とカバー１７の間に隙間Ｈを設けるための部材であり、隙間Ｈに、客室内から再循環空気ダクト２２又は排気ダクト２３へ流入する空気が通過する構造となっている。 In addition, the opening 15 is configured so that the recirculated air 70 does not leak outside from the opening 15 by the gap filling member 16 for filling the gap between the back plate 12b and the recirculated air duct 22. As shown in FIG. The same applies to the exhaust duct 23 as well. A cover 17 having a size to cover the opening 15 is arranged above the opening 15 . The cover 17 is arranged via the floor 12 around the opening 15 and the support member 18 . The support member 18 is a member for providing a gap H between the floor 12 and the cover 17, and has a structure in which the air flowing from the cabin into the recirculation air duct 22 or the exhaust duct 23 passes through the gap H. there is

上述した構成によれば、開口１５は、表板１２ａと裏板１２ｂと芯材１２ｃと再循環空気ダクト２２、及び表板１２ａと裏板１２ｂと芯材１２ｃと排気ダクト２３とが連通する。この開口１５の直上に、開口１５を覆い隠す大きさを持つカバー１７が存在する。空調装置５０により発生し、再循環空気ダクト２２、又は排気ダクト２３を介して伝播する騒音は、開口１５から直接客室内に放射されずに、カバー１７により放射が妨げられる。その結果、実施例１の本車両１は、客室内に侵入する騒音を小さく抑制されて静粛になり、乗客をより快適にする効果が得られる。 According to the configuration described above, the opening 15 communicates with the top plate 12a, the back plate 12b, the core member 12c, and the recirculation air duct 22, and the top plate 12a, the back plate 12b, the core member 12c, and the exhaust duct . A cover 17 sized to cover the opening 15 is present directly above the opening 15 . Noise generated by the air conditioner 50 and propagating through the recirculation air duct 22 or the exhaust duct 23 is not radiated directly into the passenger compartment from the opening 15, but is prevented from radiating by the cover 17. FIG. As a result, the vehicle 1 according to the first embodiment can suppress the noise entering the passenger compartment and become quiet, thereby providing the effect of making passengers more comfortable.

また、客室内から各開口１５に流入する空気７０（以下、単に「流れ」ともいう）は、カバー１７と床１２の隙間を必ず通過することになり、長手方向ｘに沿った流れ７０が、カバー１７の直下において、他方から流入した空気７０と衝突し、強制的に下向きの流れに曲げられることから、開口１５に直接流れ７０が流入する場合よりも、空気７０の流速が遅くなり、空気の流れによる騒音も低減することができる。以上本発明は実施例１に限定されず、様々な実施形態で実施し得る。以下、図を参照しながら、他の実施形態を説明する。 In addition, the air 70 (hereinafter simply referred to as "flow") flowing into each opening 15 from the cabin always passes through the gap between the cover 17 and the floor 12, and the flow 70 along the longitudinal direction x Immediately below the cover 17 , the air 70 collides with the air 70 that has flowed in from the other side and is forcibly bent into a downward flow. The noise caused by the flow of water can also be reduced. As described above, the present invention is not limited to Example 1, and can be implemented in various embodiments. Other embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図５は本発明の実施例２に係る本車両１の床１２付近の拡大図である。上述した実施例１と同様の構成、機能の説明を省略し、実施例２の特有の構成について説明する。実施例２においては、床１２に所定高さＨを維持されたカバー１７を壁状に支える支持部材１８が、板材で構成されている。その板材には開口１８ａが設けられ、開口１８ａを通じて、客室内の空気７０が、開口１８ａにより構成される隙間ｈ１を通過し、開口１５を経て、再循環空気ダクト２２又は排気ダクト２３に流入する構成である。１つの開口１５に対して開口１８ａは１つ以上であり、２つ以上が好ましい。上述した構成によれば、カバー１７と座席間の高さ方向寸法が十分に確保できない場合、面積の小さな１つの開口１８ａでも、多数が開口していれば、必要な風量を通過させるだけの合計面積となるので、風速を抑制して騒音低下させられる。 FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The description of the configuration and functions similar to those of the above-described first embodiment will be omitted, and the unique configuration of the second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, a support member 18 that supports a cover 17 that is maintained at a predetermined height H on the floor 12 is made of a plate material. The plate member is provided with an opening 18a, through which the air 70 in the passenger compartment passes through the gap h1 formed by the opening 18a, passes through the opening 15, and flows into the recirculation air duct 22 or the exhaust duct 23. Configuration. One or more openings 18a are provided for one opening 15, preferably two or more. According to the above-described configuration, if the height dimension between the cover 17 and the seat cannot be sufficiently secured, even one opening 18a with a small area is enough to pass the required air volume if a large number of openings 18a are open. Since it becomes an area, the wind speed can be suppressed and the noise can be reduced.

実施例２の構成によれば、上述した実施例１の騒音低減効果に加えて、支持部材１８が床１２の開口１５に嵌入されていることから、支持部材１８と床１２が密着する。したがって、実施例２の本車両１によれば、床１２にこぼれた液体やゴミ等が、支持部材１８によって堰き止められる。その結果、液体やゴミ等が、床１２の開口１５に流入して汚濁させたり、落ち込んで詰まらせたりするような不具合を防ぐ効果が得られる。さらに、実施例２の本車両１は、支持部材１８の開口１８ａに、メッシュ（図示なし）を展張することにより、客室内の空気と共に飛来してきたゴミ等が、メッシュで受け止められるので、床１２の開口１５に吸い込まれる不具合を防ぐ効果も得られる。 According to the configuration of Example 2, in addition to the noise reduction effect of Example 1 described above, since the support member 18 is fitted into the opening 15 of the floor 12, the support member 18 and the floor 12 are in close contact. Therefore, according to the vehicle 1 of the second embodiment, liquid, dust, and the like spilled on the floor 12 are blocked by the support member 18 . As a result, it is possible to prevent problems such as liquids, dust, etc. flowing into the openings 15 of the floor 12 to contaminate them, or falling down to clog them. Furthermore, in the vehicle 1 of Embodiment 2, by extending a mesh (not shown) in the opening 18a of the support member 18, the dust and the like flying along with the air in the passenger compartment can be received by the mesh. It is also possible to obtain the effect of preventing the trouble of being sucked into the opening 15 of the .

図６は本発明の実施例３に係る本車両１の床１２付近の拡大図である。上述した実施例１、２と同様の構成、機能の説明を省略し、実施例３の特有の構成について説明する。実施例３においては、カバー１７に開口１７ａを設けた。また、カバー１７を概Ｌ字型に成形した部材とすることにより、支持部材１８の上又は下に、カバー１７を差し込み、開口１５を覆う構成となる。 FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Descriptions of the same configurations and functions as those of the above-described first and second embodiments will be omitted, and the unique configuration of the third embodiment will be described. In Example 3, the cover 17 is provided with an opening 17a. Further, by forming the cover 17 into a substantially L-shaped member, the cover 17 is inserted above or below the support member 18 to cover the opening 15 .

カバー１７と支持部材１８は、ビス（図示なし）等で締結してもよく、バネ（図示なし）等で圧着する構成にしてもよい。客室内の再循環空気７０は、カバー１７の開口１７ａと支持部材１８の開口１８ａを通過し、開口１５を経て、再循環空気ダクト２２へ流入する。上述した構成によれば、カバー１７を横から差し込むことが可能であるため、カバー１７と座席間の高さ方向寸法が十分に確保できない場合であっても、カバーを取り付けることが可能となる。さらに、上述した構成によれば、面積の小さな１つの開口１７ａ、１８ａでも、多数が開口していれば、必要な風量を通過させるだけの合計面積となるので、風速を抑制して騒音低下させられる。 The cover 17 and the support member 18 may be fastened with screws (not shown) or the like, or may be crimped with a spring (not shown) or the like. Recirculated air 70 in the passenger compartment passes through openings 17 a in cover 17 and openings 18 a in support member 18 and enters recirculation air duct 22 via opening 15 . According to the above-described configuration, since the cover 17 can be inserted from the side, the cover can be attached even if the height dimension between the cover 17 and the seat cannot be sufficiently secured. Furthermore, according to the above-described configuration, even if there are one opening 17a, 18a with a small area, if there are many openings, the total area will be enough to pass the required amount of air, so the wind speed can be suppressed and the noise can be reduced. be done.

図７は本発明の実施例４に係る本車両１の床１２付近の拡大図である。上述した実施例１～３と同様の構成、機能の説明を省略し、実施例４の特有の構成について説明する。実施例４においては、支持部材１８が床１２を構成する部材（表板１２ａ、裏板１２ｂ、芯材１２ｃ、フレーム１３）と離間距離Ｌを確保されている。また、離間距離Ｌの範囲内の支持部材１８に、開口１８ｂを設ける。上述した構成によれば、離間距離Ｌと支持部材１８の開口１８ｂが連通するため、例えば、座席から引き回される配線１９を床１２中へ導くことが可能となる。 FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The description of the configuration and functions similar to those of the above-described first to third embodiments will be omitted, and the unique configuration of the fourth embodiment will be described. In Example 4, the support member 18 is secured with a separation distance L from the members forming the floor 12 (the front plate 12a, the back plate 12b, the core member 12c, and the frame 13). In addition, an opening 18b is provided in the support member 18 within the range of the separation distance L. As shown in FIG. According to the above-described configuration, the separation distance L and the opening 18b of the support member 18 communicate with each other.

図８は本発明の実施例５に係る本車両１の床１２付近の拡大図である。上述した実施例１～４と同様の構成、機能の説明を省略し、実施例５の特有の構成について説明する。実施例５においては、カバー１７の表面に吸音体２５が取り付けられている。空調装置５０により発生し、再循環空気ダクト２２及び排気ダクト２３内を伝播する騒音は、吸音体２５によって、音のエネルギーが減衰した状態で、客室内に放射される。 FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. The description of the configuration and functions similar to those of the above-described first to fourth embodiments will be omitted, and the unique configuration of the fifth embodiment will be described. In Example 5, a sound absorber 25 is attached to the surface of the cover 17 . The noise generated by the air conditioner 50 and propagating in the recirculation air duct 22 and the exhaust duct 23 is radiated into the passenger compartment with the sound energy attenuated by the sound absorber 25 .

また、支持部材１８の開口１８ａを通り、床１２の開口１５から再循環空気ダクト２２又は排気ダクト２３に流入する空気７０についても、空気の流れによって発生する騒音も、吸音体２５で吸音されるため、客室内の騒音を低減することが可能となる。 In addition, the noise generated by the flow of the air 70 flowing into the recirculation air duct 22 or the exhaust duct 23 from the opening 15 of the floor 12 through the opening 18a of the support member 18 is also absorbed by the sound absorbing member 25. Therefore, it is possible to reduce noise in the cabin.

さらに、本車両１が走行する際に発生する、内装材２８からの放射音や、本車両１の車外の空気の乱れが車内へ透過する透過音に対しても、客室と面した吸音体２５によって吸音されるため、客室内の騒音を低減することが可能となる。実施例５の構成によれば、本車両１の停車中における空調装置５０の騒音だけでなく、走行時の振動や風切り音に由来する内装材からの放射音や、車内へ透過する透過音も低減することができる。 Furthermore, the sound absorbing body 25 facing the passenger compartment is also effective against the sound radiated from the interior material 28 generated when the vehicle 1 is running and the transmitted sound transmitted into the vehicle by turbulence of the air outside the vehicle 1. Since the sound is absorbed by, it is possible to reduce the noise in the cabin. According to the configuration of the fifth embodiment, not only the noise of the air conditioner 50 while the vehicle 1 is stopped, but also the radiated sound from the interior materials originating from the vibration and wind noise during running, and the transmitted sound transmitted into the vehicle. can be reduced.

なお、図８には、カバー１７に対して上方、下方の両面に対して吸音体２５が貼り付けられているが、低減したい騒音の対象によって、効果を奏する貼り付け方法が異なるため、必ずしも両面に貼り付ける必要はない。例えば、空調装置５０からのダクト伝播音のみを対象とする場合は、カバー１７の下方のみに吸音体２５を取り付けてもよい。吸音体２５についても、騒音に対して吸音及び遮音の効果が得られればよいため、必ずしも多孔質材料に限定する必要はなく、吸音効果が有れば繊維状や綿状の材料でも構わない。 In FIG. 8, the sound absorber 25 is attached to both the upper and lower surfaces of the cover 17. However, since the effective attachment method differs depending on the target of noise to be reduced, it is not always possible to you don't have to paste it. For example, when only the duct-transmitted sound from the air conditioner 50 is targeted, the sound absorber 25 may be attached only below the cover 17 . The sound absorber 25 is not necessarily limited to a porous material as long as it can absorb and insulate noise, and fibrous or cotton-like materials may be used as long as they have a sound absorbing effect.

図９は、本発明の実施例６に係る本車両１の床１２付近の拡大図である。上述した実施例１～５と同様の構成、機能の説明を省略し、実施例６の特有の構成について説明する。実施例６においては、カバー１７に取り付けられる吸音体２５の厚さが、カバー１７の上方の厚さＴ１よりも下方の厚さＴ２の方が厚いことが特徴である。 FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. The description of the configuration and functions similar to those of the above-described first to fifth embodiments is omitted, and the unique configuration of the sixth embodiment will be described. The sixth embodiment is characterized in that the thickness T2 of the sound absorber 25 attached to the cover 17 is thicker at the bottom than the thickness T1 at the top of the cover 17 .

実施例６の本車両１は、カバー１７の下面、すなわち、床１２の開口１５に対向する面の吸音体２５が厚くなることから、空調装置５０で発生したダクト内を伝播する騒音に対して、騒音のエネルギーを吸収できる厚さが増える。そのため、実施例６の本車両１は、客室内に放射される騒音を上述の実施例１～５の場合よりも低減する効果が得られる。 In the vehicle 1 of the sixth embodiment, the sound absorbing member 25 on the lower surface of the cover 17, that is, the surface facing the opening 15 of the floor 12 is thick, so that the noise generated by the air conditioner 50 and propagating through the duct is , the thickness that can absorb noise energy increases. Therefore, the present vehicle 1 of the sixth embodiment has the effect of reducing the noise radiated into the passenger compartment more than the above-described first to fifth embodiments.

図１０は、本発明の実施例７に係る本車両１の床１２付近の拡大図である。上述した実施例１～６と同様の構成、機能の説明を省略し、実施例７の特有の構成について説明する。実施例７においては、支持部材１８の床１２の開口１５側の面に、吸音体２５が取り付けられていることが特徴である。実施例７の本車両１は、吸音体２５の取り付けられる面積が上述の実施例５，６よりも大きい。その分、実施例７の本車両１は、空調装置５０から発生し、ダクト内を伝播する騒音や、客室内から流入する流れ７０による騒音を低減する効果が良好に得られる。 FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. The description of the configuration and functions similar to those of the above-described first to sixth embodiments is omitted, and the unique configuration of the seventh embodiment will be described. The seventh embodiment is characterized in that a sound absorber 25 is attached to the surface of the support member 18 on the opening 15 side of the floor 12 . In the vehicle 1 of the seventh embodiment, the area to which the sound absorbing body 25 is attached is larger than that of the fifth and sixth embodiments. Accordingly, the vehicle 1 according to the seventh embodiment can satisfactorily reduce the noise generated by the air conditioner 50 and propagating through the duct and the noise caused by the flow 70 flowing from the passenger compartment.

図１１は、本発明の実施例８に係る本車両１の床１２付近の拡大図である。上述した実施例１～７と同様の構成、機能の説明を省略し、実施例８の特有の構成について説明する。実施例８において、カバー１７に取り付けられる吸音体２５のうち、床１２の開口１５に対向する面において、吸音体２５の形状がヘルムホルツ吸音機構を形成している。 FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. The description of the configuration and functions similar to those of the above-described first to seventh embodiments will be omitted, and the unique configuration of the eighth embodiment will be described. In the eighth embodiment, among the sound absorbing bodies 25 attached to the cover 17, the shape of the sound absorbing bodies 25 on the surface facing the opening 15 of the floor 12 forms a Helmholtz sound absorbing mechanism.

具体的には、吸音体２５の内部に、吸音のための空間２９を有し、空間２９よりも狭く、空気が連通する空間（孔）を有する。ヘルムホルツ吸音機構では、孔の大きさとその背後の空間の大きさに応じて、特定の周波数の成分を吸音することが可能である。 Specifically, the sound absorber 25 has a space 29 for sound absorption inside the sound absorber 25, which is narrower than the space 29 and has a space (hole) through which air communicates. The Helmholtz sound absorbing mechanism can absorb specific frequency components depending on the size of the hole and the size of the space behind it.

本車両１においては、空調装置５０に搭載されている送風機から発生する騒音のように、送風機の羽根枚数や回転数に応じた、特定の周波数成分を持つ騒音が突出して多い場合がある。実施例８の構造を適用した本車両１は、特定の周波数成分を除去し、騒音低減に寄与する高い効果が得られる。 In the vehicle 1, noise having a specific frequency component corresponding to the number of blades and rotation speed of the fan, such as noise generated from the fan mounted on the air conditioner 50, may be prominent. The vehicle 1 to which the structure of the eighth embodiment is applied has a high effect of removing a specific frequency component and contributing to noise reduction.

図１２は、本発明の実施例９に係る本車両１の床１２付近の拡大図（図１のＣ部の拡大図かつ本車両１の長手方向ｘに交差する断面図）である。上述した実施例１～８と同様の構成、機能の説明を省略し、実施例９の特有の構成について説明する。 FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention (an enlarged view of part C in FIG. 1 and a sectional view crossing the longitudinal direction x of the vehicle 1). A description of the configuration and functions similar to those of the above-described first to eighth embodiments will be omitted, and a unique configuration of the ninth embodiment will be described.

実施例９の本車両１は、その車内において、床１２の開口１５の配設位置に応じて、床１２とカバー１７との位置関係で決まる高さ方向寸法が変化する。一般的に、本車両１においては、空調装置５０は車両中央付近に配設され、それに繋がる開口１５は、床１２の長手方向ｘの複数個所に存在する。したがって、本車両１の中央付近に配設されている開口１５は、その開口１５から空調装置５０までの流路の距離が短いが、車端付近に配設されている開口１５は、開口１５から空調装置５０までの流路の距離が長い、という違いがある。 In the vehicle 1 of the ninth embodiment, the height dimension determined by the positional relationship between the floor 12 and the cover 17 changes according to the arrangement position of the opening 15 in the floor 12 in the vehicle. Generally, in the vehicle 1 , the air conditioner 50 is arranged near the center of the vehicle, and the openings 15 connected to it are present at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction x of the floor 12 . Therefore, the opening 15 arranged near the center of the vehicle 1 has a short passage distance from the opening 15 to the air conditioner 50, but the opening 15 arranged near the end of the vehicle has a short distance. to the air conditioner 50 is long.

流路の距離の違いにより、各流路の圧力損失が異なる、すなわち、空気の流れ易さが異なり、中央付近の開口１５から空気が吸い込まれ易く、逆に車端付近の開口１５からは空気が吸い込まれ難い傾向がある。これに対し、実施例９の本車両１において、車両中央付近の開口１５は、空気を吸い込み難くするために、床１２とカバー１７の高さ方向寸法Ｈ（図３）を狭くし、車端付近の開口１５は、空気を吸い易くするために、床１２とカバー１７の高さ方向寸法Ｈ２（図１２）を広くする。 Due to the difference in the distance of the flow path, the pressure loss of each flow path differs, that is, the easiness of air flow differs. tends to be difficult to absorb. On the other hand, in the vehicle 1 of the ninth embodiment, the height dimension H (FIG. 3) of the floor 12 and the cover 17 is narrowed to make the opening 15 near the center of the vehicle difficult to suck in air. The opening 15 in the vicinity widens the height dimension H2 (FIG. 12) of the floor 12 and the cover 17 in order to facilitate air intake.

実施例９の本車両１は、上述した構成により、本車両１に偏在する開口１５において、各吸気口から空調装置５０に至るまでの流路の圧力損失をほぼ均等になるように調整できる。したがって、本車両１は、各吸気口からの吸込風量を均等にすることが可能である。その結果、本車両１は、吸込風量を各吸気口で均等にすることにより、車内の空気の偏りが解消されるため、車内の温度ばらつきが小さくなるとともに、調和空気が流れない場所を解消する効果が得られる。 The vehicle 1 of the ninth embodiment can adjust the pressure loss in the passages from the intake ports to the air conditioner 50 at the openings 15 that are unevenly distributed in the vehicle 1 so as to be substantially uniform. Therefore, the vehicle 1 can equalize the amount of air drawn from each intake port. As a result, in this vehicle 1, by equalizing the intake air volume at each air intake port, unevenness of the air in the vehicle is eliminated, so temperature variation in the vehicle is reduced and locations where conditioned air does not flow are eliminated. effect is obtained.

なお、実施例９の説明では、車両中央付近の開口１５における床１２とカバー１７との間の高さを狭く、車端付近の開口１５における床１２とカバー１７との間の高さを高くしているが、必ずしも車端側を高くする必要はない。各車両の個別のダクトの性質に合わせて、隣接する開口１５の高さを一定にしても良く、あるいは低くしても構わない。 In the description of the ninth embodiment, the height between the floor 12 and the cover 17 at the opening 15 near the center of the vehicle is narrow, and the height between the floor 12 and the cover 17 at the opening 15 near the vehicle end is high. However, it is not always necessary to raise the car end side. The height of adjacent openings 15 may be constant or reduced, depending on the individual duct properties of each vehicle.

図１３は、本発明の実施例１０に係る本車両１の床１２付近の拡大図（図１のＣ部の拡大図かつ本車両１の長手方向ｘに交差する断面図）である。上述した実施例１～９と同様の構成、機能の説明を省略し、実施例１０の特有の構成について説明する。 FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention (an enlarged view of part C in FIG. 1 and a sectional view crossing the longitudinal direction x of the vehicle 1). A description of the configuration and functions similar to those of the above-described first to ninth embodiments will be omitted, and a unique configuration of the tenth embodiment will be described.

実施例１０の本車両１は、その車内において、床１２とカバー１７からなる高さ方向寸法（隙間）Ｈは同一であるが、本車両１の車内に偏在する、支持部材１８に備えられる開口１８ａの大きさが、各々異なることを特徴とする。空調装置５０と開口１５の位置関係により、空気の吸い易さが変わることは、実施例９の説明の通りである。実施例１０の本車両１は、支持部材１８に備えられる開口１８ａの大きさを調整することにより、開口１５から空調装置５０に至るまでの流路の圧力損失を調整する。 In the vehicle 1 of the tenth embodiment, the height dimension (gap) H formed by the floor 12 and the cover 17 is the same inside the vehicle. 18a are characterized by different sizes. As described in the ninth embodiment, the positional relationship between the air conditioner 50 and the opening 15 changes the ease with which air is sucked. The vehicle 1 according to the tenth embodiment adjusts the pressure loss in the passage from the opening 15 to the air conditioner 50 by adjusting the size of the opening 18 a provided in the support member 18 .

その結果、実施例９のように、各開口１５からの吸込風量を均等にすることが可能となる。なお、開口１８ａの大きさを調整する場合、開口１８ａそのものの大きさを変更する手段の他、開口１８ａに径の異なるメッシュを展張する等の方法により、圧力損失を調整してもよい。 As a result, as in the ninth embodiment, it is possible to equalize the amount of air drawn from each opening 15 . When adjusting the size of the opening 18a, the pressure loss may be adjusted by means of changing the size of the opening 18a itself, or by spreading meshes of different diameters over the opening 18a.

以上、本発明の実施例を説明してきたが、これまでの各実施例で説明した構成はあくまで一例であり、本発明は、技術思想を逸脱しない範囲内で適宜変更が可能である。また、図面では主に長手方向ｘに交差する断面図で構成を説明したが、これを長手方向ｘの断面図の構成と読み替えてもよい。さらに、それぞれの実施例で説明した構成は、互いに矛盾しない限り、組み合わせて用いても良い。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the configurations described in each of the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention can be appropriately modified within the scope of the technical idea. Also, in the drawings, the configuration has been described mainly with cross-sectional views intersecting the longitudinal direction x, but this may be read as the configuration of the cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction x. Furthermore, the configurations described in the respective embodiments may be used in combination as long as they do not contradict each other.

［補足］
鉄道車両のうち、ほとんどの客車には、乗客に快適な車内環境を提供するため、換気装置及び空調換気装置（両者をまとめて「空調装置」という）が備えられる。そのような空調装置は、取り付け位置が車両によって異なる場合がある。例えば、高速運行車両や、振り子式特急用車両等は、重心を下げて走行安定性を高める理由から、本車両１のように空調装置５０を床下に備えることが多い。本車両１における空調装置５０は、車内各部から取り込んだ再循環空気に、換気装置が取り込んだ新鮮空気を混合して、室内熱交換器を通過させる過程で、再循環空気と新鮮空気の温度及び湿度を調和して生成された調和空気を車内各部へ供給する。 [supplement]
Among railway vehicles, most passenger cars are equipped with a ventilation system and an air conditioning ventilation system (both collectively referred to as an "air conditioning system") in order to provide passengers with a comfortable interior environment. Such an air conditioner may have different mounting positions depending on the vehicle. For example, high-speed trains, pendulum-type express trains, and the like often have an air conditioner 50 under the floor like the vehicle 1 for the reason of lowering the center of gravity and improving running stability. The air conditioner 50 in the vehicle 1 mixes recirculated air taken in from various parts of the vehicle with fresh air taken in by the ventilation device, and passes the recirculated air and fresh air through the indoor heat exchanger. Conditioned air produced by adjusting humidity is supplied to various parts of the vehicle.

空調装置５０は送風機を備えており、それにより装置内部に空気を吸引し、生成された調和空気を吐出する。空調装置５０に備わる送風機が稼働することにより、送風機の稼働音が発生する。この稼働音は、改善を講じない比較例（不図示）の場合、減衰せずに車内へ侵入するため、車内騒音の原因となり、乗客に不快感を与えてしまう。車内へ侵入する稼働音には、ダクト内の空気を媒介する空気伝搬音がある。あるいは、稼働音が個体伝搬音として床１２を振動させて透過し、その床１２に触れている室内空気へ放射する放射音もある。 The air conditioner 50 includes a blower that draws air into the interior of the device and discharges the generated conditioned air. When the air blower provided in the air conditioner 50 operates, the operation sound of the air blower is generated. In the case of a comparative example (not shown) in which no improvement is made, this operating sound enters the vehicle without being attenuated, causing noise in the vehicle and causing discomfort to passengers. The operating sound that enters the vehicle includes air-borne sound that mediates the air in the duct. Alternatively, there is also a radiated sound that vibrates and penetrates the floor 12 as an individual transmitted sound, and is radiated to the indoor air that is in contact with the floor 12 .

また、空調装置５０の稼働音だけでなく、空調ダクト内部を通風する空気の流れそのものも車内騒音の原因となる。すなわち、調和空気ダクト２１や再循環空気ダクト２２から室内へ吹き出される風に伴って空気伝搬音を生じる。特に、狭い空調ダクト内に大風量の空気を通風させて風速を速くすることが原因となるほか、空調ダクト形状の急激な屈曲部等による気流の乱れで渦流等が発生することも原因となって、車内騒音が大きくなり、乗客に不快感を与えてしまう。本車両１は、空調装置５０によって発生するこれらの騒音を、客室内に侵入させ難い空気の吸込口を備えるものである。 Further, not only the operating noise of the air conditioner 50 but also the flow of the air passing through the inside of the air conditioning duct itself causes noise inside the vehicle. That is, air-borne sound is generated with the wind blown into the room from the conditioned air duct 21 and the recirculation air duct 22 . In particular, it is caused by increasing the wind speed by passing a large amount of air through a narrow air conditioning duct, and also by the occurrence of vortexes due to airflow turbulence caused by sharp bends in the shape of the air conditioning duct. As a result, the noise inside the vehicle becomes louder, giving discomfort to the passengers. The vehicle 1 is provided with an air suction port that makes it difficult for the noise generated by the air conditioner 50 to enter the passenger compartment.

本車両１は、つぎのように総括できる。
［１］図１に示すように、本車両１は、台枠１０と、側構体２０と、妻構体４０と、屋根構体３０と、を備える。床１２は、台枠１０により形成される。側構体２０は、台枠１０の幅方向ｙの端部に立設される。妻構体４０は、台枠１０の長手方向ｘの端部に立設される。屋根構体３０は、側構体２０及び妻構体４０の上端部に備えられる。本車両１において、空調装置５０は台枠１０の下方に配設される。 The present vehicle 1 can be summarized as follows.
[1] As shown in FIG. 1 , the vehicle 1 includes an underframe 10 , a side structure 20 , an end structure 40 and a roof structure 30 . A floor 12 is formed by the underframe 10 . The side structure 20 is erected at the end of the underframe 10 in the width direction y. The end structure 40 is erected at the end of the underframe 10 in the longitudinal direction x. The roof structure 30 is provided at the upper ends of the side structure 20 and the end structure 40 . In the vehicle 1 , the air conditioner 50 is arranged below the underframe 10 .

また、図３に示すように、本車両１の床１２には、空調装置５０と連通した開口１５が設けられる。開口１５上にカバー１７が配設される。床１２とカバー１７とを接触させないように支持部材１８が接続される。床１２とカバー１７と支持部材１８とは、それらで囲まれた空間が形成されるような位置関係に配設されている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3 , the floor 12 of the vehicle 1 is provided with an opening 15 that communicates with the air conditioner 50 . A cover 17 is arranged over the opening 15 . A support member 18 is connected so that the floor 12 and the cover 17 are not in contact with each other. The floor 12, the cover 17, and the support member 18 are arranged in a positional relationship such that a space surrounded by them is formed.

本車両１において、空調装置５０により発生し、再循環空気ダクト２２、又は排気ダクト２３を介して伝播する騒音は、開口１５から直接客室内に放射されずに、カバー１７により放射が妨げられる。その結果、本車両１は、客室内に侵入する騒音を小さく抑制できて静粛になり、乗客をより快適にする効果が得られる。 In the vehicle 1 , the noise generated by the air conditioner 50 and propagated through the recirculation air duct 22 or the exhaust duct 23 is not radiated directly into the passenger compartment from the opening 15 but is prevented from being radiated by the cover 17 . As a result, the vehicle 1 can suppress the noise entering the passenger compartment to be quiet, and the effect of making the passengers more comfortable can be obtained.

［２］上記［１］において、図５に示す実施例２の本車両１のように、支持部材１８には１つ以上の開口１８ａを設けると良い。このような構成の本車両１は、カバー１７と座席間の高さ方向寸法が十分に確保できない場合、１つの開口１８ａの面積は小さくても、多数が開口していれば、必要な風量を通過させるだけの合計面積となるので、風速を抑制して騒音低下させられる。また、本車両１は、支持部材１８が床１２の開口１５に嵌入されていることから、支持部材１８と床１２が密着することになるため、床１２にこぼれた液体やゴミ等が、支持部材１８によって堰き止められ、床１２の開口１５に落ち込む不具合を防ぐ効果が得られる。 [2] In the above [1], it is preferable to provide one or more openings 18a in the support member 18 like the present vehicle 1 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. When the height dimension between the cover 17 and the seat cannot be sufficiently secured, the vehicle 1 having such a configuration can achieve the required air volume even if the area of one opening 18a is small, as long as there are many openings. Since the total area is just enough to pass through, the wind speed can be suppressed and the noise can be reduced. Further, in the vehicle 1, since the support members 18 are fitted into the openings 15 of the floor 12, the support members 18 and the floor 12 are in close contact with each other. It is possible to obtain the effect of preventing the trouble of being dammed up by the member 18 and falling into the opening 15 of the floor 12 .

［３］上記［２］において、図６に示す実施例３の本車両１のように、カバー１７には１つ以上の開口１７ａを設けると良い。この本車両１は、客室内の再循環空気７０は、カバー１７の開口１７ａと支持部材１８の開口１８ａを通過し、開口１５を経て、再循環空気ダクト２２へ流入する。このような構成の本車両１は、カバーと座席間の高さ方向寸法が十分に確保できない場合であっても、１つの開口１７ａの面積は小さくても、多数が開口していれば、必要な風量を通過させるだけの合計面積となるので、風速を抑制して騒音低下させられる。 [3] In the above [2], it is preferable to provide one or more openings 17a in the cover 17 like the present vehicle 1 of Embodiment 3 shown in FIG. In this vehicle 1 , the recirculated air 70 in the passenger compartment passes through the opening 17 a of the cover 17 and the opening 18 a of the support member 18 and flows into the recirculated air duct 22 via the opening 15 . In the vehicle 1 having such a configuration, even if the height dimension between the cover and the seat cannot be sufficiently secured, even if the area of one opening 17a is small, as long as there are many openings, the necessary Since the total area is enough to pass a large amount of air, the wind speed can be suppressed and the noise can be reduced.

［４］上記［１］～［３］の何れかにおいて、図８の実施例５に示す本車両１のように、カバー１７のみ、又はカバー１７と支持部材１８の両方に吸音体２５を取り付けると良い。このような構成の本車両１において、空調装置５０により発生する騒音は、再循環空気ダクト２２及び排気ダクト２３内を伝播して客室内に放射される。その際、音のエネルギーは、カバー１７の表面に取り付けられた吸音体２５に吸収されるので、その分だけ減衰された状態で客室内に放射される。 [4] In any of the above [1] to [3], the sound absorbing body 25 is attached to only the cover 17 or both the cover 17 and the support member 18, like the vehicle 1 shown in Example 5 of FIG. and good. In the vehicle 1 having such a configuration, the noise generated by the air conditioner 50 propagates through the recirculation air duct 22 and the exhaust duct 23 and is radiated into the passenger compartment. At that time, the energy of the sound is absorbed by the sound absorbing member 25 attached to the surface of the cover 17, and is radiated into the passenger compartment in a state attenuated by that amount.

また、本車両１は、支持部材１８の開口１８ａを通り、床１２の開口１５から再循環空気ダクト２２又は排気ダクト２３に流入する空気７０の流れそのものが渦流等を伴って、ある程度の騒音を発生する。この騒音に対し、本車両１は、発生源である床１２の開口１５において、室内に放射される前に、吸音体２５で吸音されるため、客室内の騒音を低減することが可能となる。本車両１は、このような吸音体２５による吸音作用によって、客室内に侵入する騒音を小さく抑制できて静粛になり、乗客をより快適にする効果が得られる。 Further, in the vehicle 1, the air 70 flowing through the opening 18a of the support member 18 and flowing into the recirculation air duct 22 or the exhaust duct 23 from the opening 15 of the floor 12 is accompanied by swirl and the like, and generates a certain amount of noise. Occur. This noise is absorbed by the sound absorbing body 25 at the opening 15 of the floor 12, which is the source of the noise, before it is radiated into the room, so that the noise in the passenger compartment can be reduced. . Due to the sound absorption effect of the sound absorber 25, the vehicle 1 can suppress the noise entering the passenger compartment and become quiet, thereby providing the effect of making passengers more comfortable.

［５］上記［４］において、図９の実施例６に示す本車両１のように、カバー１７の両面に取り付けられた吸音体２５の厚さは、カバー１７の一方の面と他方の面とで、異なると良い。すなわち、本車両１は、カバー１７に取り付けられる吸音体２５の厚さについて、カバー１７の上方の厚さＴ１よりも下方の厚さＴ２の方を厚く配分したことにより、騒音発生源である下方に吸音効果を偏在させている。 [5] In the above [4], like the present vehicle 1 shown in Example 6 of FIG. And different is good. That is, in the vehicle 1, the thickness of the sound absorbing body 25 attached to the cover 17 is such that the thickness T2 below the cover 17 is thicker than the thickness T1 above the cover 17. The sound absorption effect is unevenly distributed.

このような構成の本車両１は、カバー１７の下面、すなわち、床１２の開口１５に対向する面の吸音体２５を厚く配分して吸音効果を傾注させたので、空調装置５０で発生したダクト内を伝播する騒音に対して、開口１５に対面した厚い吸音体２５により、騒音のエネルギーを効率良く吸収できる。その結果、本車両１は、客室内に侵入する騒音を小さく抑制できて静粛になり、乗客をより快適にする効果が得られる。 In the vehicle 1 having such a configuration, the sound absorbing member 25 on the lower surface of the cover 17, that is, the surface facing the opening 15 of the floor 12 is thickly distributed to concentrate the sound absorbing effect. The thick sound absorbing body 25 facing the opening 15 can efficiently absorb the energy of the noise propagating inside. As a result, the vehicle 1 can suppress the noise entering the passenger compartment to be quiet, and the effect of making the passengers more comfortable can be obtained.

［６］上記［４］又は［５］において、図１１に示す実施例８の本車両１のように、吸音体２５は多孔質材料で所定厚さの板状に形成され、該板状の内部に複数の空間を有し、その空間が吸音体の表面に連通していると良い。このような構成の本車両１は、カバー１７に取り付けられる吸音体２５のうち、床１２の開口１５に対向する面に配設された吸音体２５の形状がヘルムホルツ吸音機構になっている。 [6] In the above [4] or [5], like the present vehicle 1 of Embodiment 8 shown in FIG. It is preferable to have a plurality of spaces inside and communicate with the surface of the sound absorbing body. In the vehicle 1 having such a configuration, among the sound absorbing bodies 25 attached to the cover 17, the sound absorbing body 25 disposed on the surface of the floor 12 facing the opening 15 has a Helmholtz sound absorbing mechanism.

つまり、この本車両１は、外形が厚板状の吸音体２５の内部に、吸音のため複数の空間２９を有し、その空間２９よりも狭く、吸音体２５の外部へ空気が連通する経路（孔）を有することにより、ヘルムホルツ吸音機構が構成される。ヘルムホルツ吸音機構では、孔の大きさとその背後の空間の大きさに応じて、特定の周波数の成分を吸音することが可能である。 In other words, the vehicle 1 has a plurality of spaces 29 for absorbing sound inside the sound absorbing body 25 having a thick plate-like outer shape. By having (holes), a Helmholtz sound absorbing mechanism is configured. The Helmholtz sound absorbing mechanism can absorb specific frequency components depending on the size of the hole and the size of the space behind it.

したがって、実施例８の本車両１は、空調装置５０に搭載されている送風機から発生する騒音のように、送風機の羽根枚数や回転数に応じた、特定の周波数成分を持つ騒音が突出して多い場合に、そのような特定の周波数成分の騒音を除去する効果が得られる。 Therefore, in the vehicle 1 of the eighth embodiment, noise having a specific frequency component corresponding to the number of blades and rotation speed of the fan, such as the noise generated from the fan mounted on the air conditioner 50, is prominent. In some cases, the effect of removing noise of such specific frequency components is obtained.

［７］上記［１］～［６］の何れかにおいて、図１３に示す実施例１０の本車両１のように、その床１２には、空調装置５０と連通した開口１５が複数設けられると良い。それらの開口１５には、それぞれカバー１７が接続されるが、それらが床１２と接触しないように、支持部材１８で支承される。このように、床１２からカバー１７を持ち上げる支持部材１８の高さＨの寸法は、車内の位置に応じて異なる最適値にすることが好ましい。 [7] In any one of the above [1] to [6], the floor 12 is provided with a plurality of openings 15 communicating with the air conditioner 50 as in the present vehicle 1 of the tenth embodiment shown in FIG. good. A cover 17 is connected to each of these openings 15 and supported by a support member 18 so that they do not come into contact with the floor 12 . Thus, the dimension of the height H of the support member 18 that lifts the cover 17 from the floor 12 is preferably set to an optimum value that differs depending on the position inside the vehicle.

［８］上記［１］～［６］の何れかにおいて、図１３に示す実施例１０の本車両１のように、その床１２には、空調装置５０と連通した開口１５が複数設けられると良い。それらの開口１５には、それぞれカバー１７が接続されるが、それらが床１２と接触しないように、支持部材１８で支承される。ただし、上記［７］と異なり、この支持部材１８の高さＨは、各開口１５で同一である。また、支持部材１８が備える開口１８ａの大きさは、車内の位置に応じて異なる最適値にすることが好ましい。 [8] In any one of the above [1] to [6], if the floor 12 is provided with a plurality of openings 15 communicating with the air conditioner 50 as in the present vehicle 1 of the tenth embodiment shown in FIG. good. A cover 17 is connected to each of these openings 15 and supported by a support member 18 so that they do not come into contact with the floor 12 . However, unlike [7] above, the height H of this support member 18 is the same for each opening 15 . Moreover, it is preferable that the size of the opening 18a provided in the support member 18 is set to an optimum value that differs depending on the position in the vehicle.

上記［７］及び［８］の本車両１は、空調装置５０と開口１５の位置関係により、空気の吸い易さが変わるので、支持部材１８に備えられる開口１８ａの大きさを調整することにより、開口１５から空調装置５０に至るまでの流路の圧力損失を調整する。その結果、実施例９のように、各開口１５からの吸込風量を均等にすることが可能となる。 In the vehicle 1 of [7] and [8] above, the ease with which air is sucked varies depending on the positional relationship between the air conditioner 50 and the opening 15. Therefore, by adjusting the size of the opening 18a provided in the support member 18, , adjust the pressure loss in the flow path from the opening 15 to the air conditioner 50 . As a result, as in the ninth embodiment, it is possible to equalize the amount of air drawn from each opening 15 .

１…鉄道車両、３…軌道、５…台車、１０…台枠（床部）、１２…床、１２ａ…（床１２の）表板、１２ｂ…（床１２の）裏板、１２ｃ…（床１２の）芯材、１３…フレーム、１４…座席、１５…（床１２の）開口、１６…隙間埋め部材、１７…カバー、１７ａ…カバー開口、１８…支持部材、１８ａ…支持部材の開口、１８ｂ…支持部材の開口、１９…配線、２０…側構体、２１…調和空気ダクト、２２…再循環空気ダクト、２３…排気ダクト、２４…立上ダクト、２５…（多孔質材料の）吸音体、２６…荷だな、２８…内装材、２９…空間、３０…屋根構体、４０…妻構体、５０…空調装置、６０…調和空気の流れ、７０…再循環空気の流れ、８０…中心線、Ｂ…床１２付近の拡大部、Ｃ…車端付近で床１２付近の拡大部、Ｈ…床１２とカバー間の隙間、Ｌ…離間距離、ｘ…鉄道車両の長手方向（レール方向）、ｙ…鉄道車両の幅方向（枕木方向）、ｚ…鉄道車両の高さ方向 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Railway vehicle, 3...Track, 5...Bogie, 10...Underframe (floor), 12...Floor, 12a...Top plate (of floor 12), 12b...Back plate (of floor 12), 12c...(Floor) 12) Core material 13 Frame 14 Seat 15 Opening (of floor 12) 16 Gap filling member 17 Cover 17a Cover opening 18 Supporting member 18a Supporting member opening 18b... Opening of supporting member, 19... Wiring, 20... Side structure, 21... Conditioning air duct, 22... Recirculating air duct, 23... Exhaust duct, 24... Rising duct, 25... Sound absorber (of porous material) , 26... Shed, 28... Interior material, 29... Space, 30... Roof structure, 40... End structure, 50... Air conditioner, 60... Flow of conditioned air, 70... Flow of recirculated air, 80... Center line , B... Enlarged portion near floor 12, C... Enlarged portion near floor 12 near car end, H... Gap between floor 12 and cover, L... Separation distance, x... Longitudinal direction (rail direction) of railway vehicle, y: width direction of railway vehicle (direction of sleeper), z: height direction of railway vehicle

Claims

An underframe constituting a floor, a side structure erected at an end in the width direction of the underframe, an end structure erected at an end in the longitudinal direction of the underframe, the side structure and the end and a roof structure provided at the upper end of the structure, wherein an air conditioner is arranged below the underframe,
The floor is provided with an opening communicating with the air conditioner,
A cover disposed over the opening,
a support member is connected so that the floor and the cover do not contact each other;
forming a space surrounded by the floor, the cover and the support member;
rail car.

the support member has one or more apertures;
A rail vehicle according to claim 1 .

the cover has one or more openings;
A rail vehicle according to claim 2.

A sound absorbing body is attached only to the cover or to both the cover and the support member,
The railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

The thickness of the sound absorbing material attached to both surfaces of the cover is different between one surface and the other surface of the cover,
The rail vehicle according to claim 4.

The sound absorber is made of a porous material and formed in a plate shape with a predetermined thickness, and has a plurality of spaces inside the plate shape, and the spaces communicate with the surface of the sound absorber.
The railway vehicle according to claim 4 or 5.

The floor is provided with a plurality of openings communicating with the air conditioner,
The height dimension of the supporting member connected so that the floor and the cover do not contact each other,
Depending on the position in the vehicle,
A railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

The floor is provided with a plurality of openings communicating with the air conditioner,
the height of the support member connected to the floor and the cover so as not to contact each other is the same for each of the openings;
The size of the opening provided in the support member varies depending on the position in the vehicle,
A railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6.