WO2013098878A1 - Air conditioning system, and railroad train provided with same - Google Patents
Air conditioning system, and railroad train provided with same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013098878A1 WO2013098878A1 PCT/JP2011/007290 JP2011007290W WO2013098878A1 WO 2013098878 A1 WO2013098878 A1 WO 2013098878A1 JP 2011007290 W JP2011007290 W JP 2011007290W WO 2013098878 A1 WO2013098878 A1 WO 2013098878A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air conditioning
- air
- vehicle
- conditioning system
- ventilation path
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/34—Nozzles; Air-diffusers
- B60H1/3407—Nozzles; Air-diffusers providing an air stream in a fixed direction, e.g. using a grid or porous panel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioning system for adjusting the temperature and humidity of a passenger compartment in a railway vehicle, and a railway train including the same.
- This air conditioning system has two types: a distributed type in which a plurality of air conditioners are distributed on the roof structure, and a centralized type in which only one air conditioner is arranged on the roof structure near the center of the vehicle body. Etc., the latter centralized air conditioning system is mainly adopted.
- This centralized air conditioning system includes an air conditioning duct, and the air conditioning duct is provided on the ceiling behind the cabin (the roof structure).
- the air-conditioning duct is formed with a blow-out opening, and the air-conditioned air distributed from the air-conditioning apparatus to the air-conditioning duct is blown out into the cabin through the blow-out opening.
- an air conditioning system configured in this way, there is an air conditioning system as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, for example.
- a plenum chamber type structure is adopted for the air conditioning duct.
- a partition wall portion is provided in the air conditioning duct.
- the partition wall portion extends from one end to the other end of the air conditioning duct in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and is divided into a main duct located near the center in the vehicle width direction and a sub duct located outside in the vehicle width direction. ing.
- the main duct and the sub duct are connected via a gap above the partition wall, and the conditioned air supplied from the air conditioner to the main duct enters the sub duct through this gap and blows out from the outlet. Yes.
- the air velocity distribution of the conditioned air is made uniform over the entire longitudinal direction of the vehicle by adjusting the cross-sectional area and volume ratio of the main duct and the sub duct, and the size of the gap connecting them. .
- an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioning system that is easy to manufacture and has a uniform air velocity distribution of the conditioned air blown from the blowout port over the entire longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
- An air conditioning system for a railway vehicle includes a ventilation duct extending in a longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle, and an air conditioning duct having a plurality of outlets communicating the ventilation path and a guest room of the railway vehicle.
- An air conditioner that supplies conditioned air to the ventilation path of the air conditioning duct, and a flow rate adjustment that is provided downstream of the air conditioner in the ventilation path and regulates the flow velocity by inhibiting the flow of the conditioned air in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle And a member.
- the flow rate of the conditioned air can be suppressed by inhibiting the flow of the conditioned air in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
- the wind speed distribution of the conditioned air blown from the outlet can be made uniform throughout the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
- the air velocity distribution of the conditioned air blown from the outlet can be made uniform over the entire longitudinal direction of the vehicle simply by providing a flow rate adjusting member in the ventilation path. It is not necessary to repeatedly adjust the cross-sectional area, volume ratio, and gap size, and the manufacturing is easy.
- an air conditioning system that is easy to manufacture and that has a uniform air velocity distribution over the entire longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
- the air conditioning systems 1, 1 ⁇ / b> A, 1 ⁇ / b> B of the railway vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings described above.
- the concept of the direction in each embodiment is the same as the concept of the direction when the traveling direction of the railway vehicle (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “vehicle”) 2 is set to the front and turned forward. That is, the vehicle longitudinal direction corresponds to the front-rear direction, and the vehicle width direction corresponds to the left-right direction.
- the railway vehicle air conditioning system 1 described below is only one embodiment of the present invention. That is, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and additions, deletions, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
- the vehicle 2 includes an air conditioning system 1 for adjusting the temperature and humidity of the passenger compartment 2a therein.
- the air conditioning system 1 basically includes an air conditioner 3, an air conditioning duct 4, an air conditioning member 5, and a flow rate adjusting plate 6.
- the air conditioner 3 is provided on the roof structure 7 so as to be positioned at the center portion in the front-rear direction, and is configured to be able to supply conditioned air.
- a pair of air conditioning ducts 4 arranged symmetrically are provided in the roof structure 7.
- the left and right air conditioning ducts 4 have the same configuration except that the respective configurations are arranged symmetrically. Therefore, only one air conditioning duct (right air conditioning duct) 4 is illustrated and described below, and the description and illustration of the other air conditioning duct are omitted.
- the air conditioning duct 4 is a substantially rectangular cylindrical member and extends from the front end to the rear end of the vehicle 2.
- a partition plate (not shown) is provided in the air-conditioning duct 4 at the center in the front-rear direction, and the air-conditioning duct 4 is divided into two in the front-rear direction by the partition plate.
- the ventilation path 4a is formed in the air conditioning duct 4 on the front side and the rear side of the partition plate, respectively.
- the ventilation path 4a extends in the front-rear direction, has a rectangular cross section, and has a single shape.
- the air-conditioning duct 4 has only the ventilation path 4a which is a main duct in the air-conditioning duct 4 and has no sub-duct in the air-conditioning duct having a plenum chamber structure. Therefore, since there is no partition wall part for partitioning the main duct and the sub duct as in the prior art, it is not necessary to modify the shape of the partition wall part, and manufacturing is easy.
- the ventilation path 4a thus formed as a single shape is arranged symmetrically with respect to the partition plate and has the same configuration. Therefore, only one of the ventilation paths 4a is illustrated and described below, and the description and illustration of the other ventilation path are omitted.
- the ventilation path 4 a formed in this way is connected to the air conditioner 3.
- the air conditioner 3 is provided in the roof structure of the vehicle 2, and is arrange
- each vehicle 2 has four air conditioners 3.
- the air conditioner 3 is configured to supply conditioned air, and is concentrated on the center of the vehicle 2 in the front-rear direction.
- the air conditioner 3 and the ventilation path 4a are connected to one end side of the ventilation path 4a that is the partition plate side, and the conditioned air from the air conditioner 3 is supplied thereto. Thereby, the flow of conditioned air is formed in the ventilation path 4a from the one end side to the other end located outside in the front-rear direction.
- the air conditioning duct 4 is formed with a mounting groove 4b that is recessed upward at the outer side in the vehicle width direction at the lower end thereof.
- the ceiling portion of the mounting groove 4b connects the ventilation path 4a and the vehicle compartment 2a.
- a plurality of outlets 4c are formed.
- the outlet 4c is formed in a slit shape extending in the front-rear direction, and is arranged at equal intervals in the front-rear direction.
- an air conditioning member 5 is provided in the mounting groove 4b.
- the air conditioning member 5 is a member having a U-shaped cross section made of, for example, a light alloy shape or FRP, and extends in the front-rear direction.
- the air conditioning member 5 is fitted into the mounting groove 4b so that the opening portion 5a is positioned below.
- a plurality of blowing holes 5 b are formed in the ceiling portion of the air conditioning member 5.
- the blowout hole 5b which is the first blowout hole is a slit-like hole extending in the front-rear direction, and the width h1 in the left-right direction is narrower than h2 than the width in the left-right direction of the opening portion 5a.
- a sponge-like seal member 8 is provided on the top surface of the air conditioning member 5 so as to surround the blowout hole 5b.
- the seal member 8 is interposed between the air conditioning member 5 and the air conditioning duct 4, and seals between them so as to be connected to the blowout hole 5 b and the blowout opening 4 c of the air conditioning duct 4.
- a plurality of air conditioning plates 9 are provided in the air conditioning member 5.
- the air conditioning plate 9 protrudes downward from the ceiling surface of the air conditioning member 5 and extends in the left-right direction so as to cross the blowing hole 5b.
- the air conditioning plates 9 are arranged on the air conditioning member 5 at equal intervals, that is, in a louver shape.
- a blowout hole 5c (second blowout hole) that is long in the left-right direction is formed in the opening 5a of the air conditioning member 5.
- the air conditioning member 5 has a double structure having a slit-like blowing hole 5b extending in the front-rear direction on the upper side and a blowing hole 5c long in the left-right direction on the lower side.
- the air conditioning member 5 having a double structure as described above restricts the amount of air blown from the upper blowing hole 5b, and the lower blowing hole 5c (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “lower blowing hole 5c”).
- the direction of the conditioned air coming out of the upper blowing hole 5b (hereinafter also simply referred to as “upper blowing hole 5b”) is changed vertically downward.
- the flow of the conditioned air will be described more specifically.
- the conditioned air flowing through the ventilation path 4a of the air conditioning duct 4 is guided to the upper outlet hole 5b through the outlet 4c.
- both the air outlet 4c and the upper air outlet 5b are formed in a slit shape, the conditioned air is blown out from the upper air outlet 5b while having a velocity component in the front-rear direction.
- a wider space is formed between the adjacent air conditioning plates 9, and the conditioned air can be diffused in the left-right direction and blown out by this space.
- the flow can be directed vertically downward.
- the air conditioning member 5 the conditioned air blown from the air conditioning duct 4 can be diffused in the left-right direction and the flow can be directed vertically downward.
- the air conditioning duct 4 is provided with a baffle plate 10 at the ceiling of the mounting groove 4b and directly below the air conditioner 3 (specifically, a portion on one end side of the ventilation path 4a).
- the baffle plate 10 is a strip-shaped plate member extending in the front-rear direction, and is provided so as to be interposed between the ceiling portion of the mounting groove 4 b and the seal member 8.
- the baffle plate 10 is formed with a slit 10a that is narrower than the air outlet 4c, and the slit 10a is adapted to restrict the conditioned air that is guided to the upper air outlet 5b through the air outlet 4c.
- the width of the slit 10a is about half the width of the outlet 4c, but is not limited to this width.
- a flow rate adjusting plate 6 is provided in the ventilation path 4 a of the air conditioning duct 4.
- the flow rate adjusting plate 6 that is a flow rate adjusting member is a so-called plate-like net member (for example, a net plate having an aperture ratio of 80% or more), and has a frame 6a having substantially the same shape as the cross section of the ventilation path 4a.
- the flow rate adjusting plate 6 is fitted upright in the ventilation path 4a, obstructs the flow in the front-rear direction of the conditioned air flowing through the ventilation path 4a, and the velocity component in the front-rear direction (hereinafter, simply “ It is also referred to as “flow velocity in the front-rear direction”) and the pressure is reduced, that is, the air flow is resisted to reduce the flow velocity and pressure in the front-rear direction.
- the flow rate adjusting plate 6 configured in this way is provided on the downstream side from the position where the conditioned air is supplied from the air conditioner 3 in the ventilation path 4a (that is, directly below the air conditioner 3). More specifically, the flow rate adjusting plate 6 is located in an installation region that is separated from the one end by L / 10 to L / 3 with respect to the distance L between the one end and the other end of the ventilation path 4a. 6 is arranged. In this installation region, the flow velocity in the front-rear direction of the conditioned air is large compared to other regions, and the pressure of the conditioned air is reduced. Therefore, the air volume from the lower outlet 5c located in the installation area is smaller than that of the lower outlet 5c located in the other area.
- the flow rate adjustment plate 6 By arranging the flow rate adjustment plate 6 in such an installation area, the flow rate in the front-rear direction of the conditioned air can be suppressed to increase the pressure of the conditioned air, and the air volume from the lower outlet 5c located in the installation area can be reduced. Can be increased.
- the installation position of the flow rate adjusting plate 6 is preferably arranged at a position near 2 m forward and backward from the center of the air conditioner 3. The installation position of the flow rate adjusting plate 6 may be adjusted based on various factors such as the size of the air conditioning duct and the number of air conditioners.
- the air volume from the lower outlet 5c corresponds to the flow velocity in the front-rear direction of the conditioned air flowing therethrough, and the air volume from the lower outlet 5c decreases as the flow velocity increases.
- the air volume is minimized at a position where the flow velocity in the front-rear direction of the conditioned air is the highest, that is, the fastest position where the flow velocity in the front-rear direction of the conditioned air flowing through the ventilation path 4a is the highest. Therefore, it is preferable to suppress the flow rate in the front-rear direction of the conditioned air at the fastest position, and it is preferable to arrange the flow rate adjusting plate 6 on the downstream side near the fastest position. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the flow rate adjusting plate 6 is disposed on the downstream side near the fastest position.
- FIG. 5 shows the wind speed (vertical axis) blown into the vehicle compartment 2a from the lower blowing holes 5c arranged from one end to the other end of the ventilation path 4a, and each number (horizontal axis).
- the lower blowing hole 5c closest to the other end of the ventilation path 4a is No. 1
- the lower blowing hole 5c located at one end of the ventilation path 4a, that is, directly below the air conditioner 3, is No. 43. ing.
- the black bar graph indicates the wind speed from each lower blowing hole 5c when the baffle plate 10 and the flow velocity adjusting plate 6 are provided as in the air conditioning system 1
- the white bar graph indicates the air conditioning system 1.
- 5 shows the wind speed from each lower blowing hole 5c when the baffle plate 10 and the flow velocity adjusting plate 6 are not provided.
- the air conditioner 3 supplies the conditioned air directly below (supply direction), when the baffle plate 10 is not provided, the lower side located directly below the air conditioner 3.
- the conditioned air is blown directly from the blowing holes 5c (No. 42 and No. 43), and the air speed of the conditioned air blown from there is relatively higher than the wind speed in the other lower blowing holes 5c.
- the baffle plate 10 is provided in the lower blowing hole 5 c (No. 42 and No. 43) located directly below the air conditioner 3, and the baffle plate 10 directly below the air conditioner 3.
- the amount of blowing is reduced from the lower blowing hole 5c (42 and 43) located. This restricts the air volume of the lower blowing holes 5c (No. 42 and No. 43) located immediately below the air conditioner 3, and improves the uniformity of the air velocity distribution of the conditioned air blown out from each lower blowing hole 5c. be able to.
- the baffle plate 10 Regardless of the presence or absence of the baffle plate 10, a part of the conditioned air is repelled on the lower surface of the air conditioning duct 4 without coming out from the lower blowing hole 5 c located directly under the air conditioning device 3.
- the bounced conditioned air flows toward the ceiling of the air conditioning duct 4 and flows to the other end of the ventilation path 4 a.
- the air-conditioning wind is in a turbulent state by being bounced, and the flow is directed to the ceiling. Therefore, the lower blowing holes 5c (No. 40 and No. 40) located on the air conditioner 3 side in the immediate area No. 41) is drastically reduced.
- the flow velocity in the front-rear direction is larger than in other areas.
- the amount of air blown out from each blowing hole 5c corresponds to the flow velocity in the front-rear direction of the conditioned air except for the lower blowing holes 5c (No. 40 and No. 41) having a large ceiling-oriented component. Therefore, when the baffle plate 10 and the flow rate adjustment plate 6 are not provided, the air speed of the conditioned air blown out from the blowout holes 5c (36th to 41st) located in the nearest region is relative to the wind speed in the other blowout holes 5c. The flow velocity in the front-rear direction is minimized at the lower blowing hole 5c (No. 36) near the fastest position where the fastest speed is reached.
- the flow rate adjusting plate 6 is provided in the vicinity of the fastest position and on the downstream side (between No. 35 and No. 34).
- the flow rate and pressure drop of the conditioned air at the fastest position and upstream thereof can be suppressed.
- it is possible to adjust the excess and deficiency of the amount of air blown by increasing the air speed of the conditioned air blown out from the lower blowing holes 5c (No. 36 to No. 41) located in the nearest region.
- the flow velocity adjusting plate 6 has a rectification function, and rectifies the formed turbulent flow.
- the amount of supply to the lower blowing holes 5c (No. 36 to No. 41) located in the nearest area was insufficient due to the turbulent flow of the conditioned air, but by rectifying the conditioned air as described above
- By increasing the supply amount it is possible to increase the air speed of the conditioned air from the lower blowing holes 5c (36th to 41st) located immediately next to the above.
- the air conditioning system 1 it is possible to increase the air speed of the conditioned air blown out from the lower blowing holes 5 c (No. 36 to No. 41) located in the immediate area, and the lower side located directly below the air conditioner 3.
- the wind speed of the conditioned air blown out from the blowing hole 5c can be suppressed. Thereby, the uniformity of the wind speed distribution of the conditioned air blown out from each lower blowing hole 5c can be improved.
- the other end is blocked, so the conditioned air flowing from the upstream is rebounded at the other end.
- the conditioned air bounces back against the other end of the ventilation path 4a while maintaining the flow rate. For this reason, the pressure of the conditioned air at the other end of the ventilation path 4a increases, and the wind speed of the conditioned air blown out from the lower blowing holes 5c (No. 1 to 15) located near the other end of the ventilation path 4a is relatively high. It is getting bigger.
- the flow rate near the other end of the ventilation path 4a can be stabilized by suppressing the flow rate of the conditioned air flowing downstream from the flow rate adjustment plate 6 by the rectifying action of the flow rate adjustment plate 6.
- an increase in the pressure of the conditioned air can be suppressed, and the conditioned air blown out from the lower blowing holes 5c (# 1 to 15) located near the other end of the ventilation path 4a can be suppressed. Therefore, the non-uniformity in the flow velocity distribution of the conditioned air flowing through the ventilation path 4a can be suppressed, and the uniformity of the conditioned air velocity blown out from each lower blowing hole 5c can be further improved.
- the lighting equipment 11 extended in the front-back direction is provided in the left-right direction outer side of the air-conditioning duct 4, and the side ceiling 12 is located in the outer side.
- a cross-flow fan 13 (blower) is provided between the pair of air-conditioning ducts 4 so as to be positioned at the center in the left-right direction of the vehicle 2.
- another air conditioning member 14 is provided below the cross flow fan 13.
- the air conditioning member 14 is a plate-like member and is provided so as to cover the cross flow fan 13 from below. This air conditioning member 14 has a plurality of air conditioning plates 16 on its lower surface.
- the air conditioning plate 16 extends in the front-rear direction, and projects obliquely downward toward the outer side in the left-right direction on the lower surface of the air conditioning member 14.
- the air conditioning plates 16 having such a shape are arranged side by side in the left-right direction, that is, arranged in a louver shape.
- the air conditioning member 14 is formed with slit-shaped blowing holes 14 a between the adjacent air conditioning plates 16. Further, the blowout holes 14a are arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction between the adjacent air conditioning plates 16. The conditioned air from the cross flow fan 13 is blown out to the passenger compartment 2a through the blow hole 14a, and its direction is changed obliquely downward toward the outer side in the left-right direction by the wind regulating plate 16.
- the air-conditioning system 1 configured as described above uses the air-conditioning duct 4 in which the ventilation passage 4a is formed in a single unit, and further arranges the flow rate adjusting plate 6 near the fastest position and on the downstream side thereof. Therefore, the number of parts is small and the structure is simple. Therefore, compared to the plenum chamber type air conditioning system, the air conditioning system 1 can be easily manufactured, its manufacturing cost is low, and further weight reduction is possible.
- the air conditioning system 1A of the second embodiment is similar in configuration to the air conditioning system 1 of the first embodiment.
- the structure of 1 A of air conditioning systems of 1st Embodiment only a different point from the structure similar to the air conditioning system 1 of 1st Embodiment is demonstrated, and the description is abbreviate
- the air conditioning duct 4A of the air conditioning system 1A has a slit-like outlet 4c on the lower surface as shown in FIGS. Further, a seal member 8A is provided on the lower surface of the air conditioning duct 4A so as to surround the outlet 4c. Further, an air conditioning member 5A is detachably provided below the air conditioning duct 4A.
- the air conditioning member 5A is formed by integrating the two air conditioning members 5 and 14 of the first embodiment.
- the air conditioning member 5A has a plate-shaped flat portion 5d formed in a rectangular shape extending in the front-rear and left-right directions.
- the flat portion 5d is installed on the two lighting devices 11 so as to pass between the two lighting devices 11 located on both the left and right sides, and covers the air conditioning duct 4A and the cross flow fan 13 from below.
- a slit-like upper blowing hole 5b is formed in the flat part 5d so as to overlap the blowing hole 4c in the vicinity of both ends in the left-right direction.
- the seal member 8A By forming the seal member 8A so as to overlap, the seal member 8A is disposed so as to surround the upper blowout hole 5b, and the blowout port 4c and the upper blowout hole 5b are connected by the inner hole of the seal member 8A. Further, a substantially rectangular blowout window 5e is formed in the flat portion 5d at the center portion in the left-right direction, and the conditioned air from the cross-flow fan 13 blows out from the blowout window 5e. Further, the flat surface portion 5d has a plurality of air conditioning plates 9A on the lower surface thereof.
- the air conditioning plate 9A is a plate-like member extending in the left-right direction, and is suspended so as to protrude vertically downward from the lower surface of the flat portion 5d.
- the air conditioning plates 9A are arranged at equal intervals in the front-rear direction.
- the air conditioning plate 9A arranged in this way extends linearly from the left end to the right end of the flat surface portion 5d, and is formed at the upper blowing hole 5b and the central portion formed at the left and right end portions of the flat surface portion 5d, respectively. It is formed so as to cross the blowing window 5e.
- the air conditioning member 5A can have a double structure as in the air conditioning member 5 of the first embodiment, and the conditioned air from the outlet 4c and the cross flow fan 13 can be transmitted in the left-right direction. And the flow can be directed downward.
- the air conditioning member 5A is configured to cover the air conditioning duct 4A and the crossflow fan 13 from below, the air conditioning duct 4A, the crossflow fan 13, and other devices disposed in the roof structure 7 are covered. be able to. Further, since the air conditioning member 5A is obtained by integrating the two air conditioning members 5 and 14 of the first embodiment, the number of parts can be reduced, and the work process of the assembling work can be reduced. Thereby, the beauty
- An inspection port 21 is formed in the air conditioning duct 4A as shown in FIG.
- the inspection port 21 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from below.
- An inspection lid 22 is provided at the inspection port 21 so as to be openable and closable.
- the inspection port 21 and the inspection lid 22 are covered with the air conditioning member 5A at a normal time other than when the air conditioning duct 4A and the flow velocity adjusting plate 6 are inspected and cleaned, and are not visible from the passenger compartment 2a. It can be seen from the passenger compartment 2a by removing 5A.
- the inspection lid 22 By removing the inspection lid 22 after the removal, the inside of the air conditioning duct 4A can be seen through the inspection port 21 or the inside thereof can be cleaned.
- the inspection port 21 configured as described above can be hidden from the passenger compartment 2a by the air-conditioning member 5A as described above, its formation position and shape can be appropriately selected. By appropriately selecting in this way, inspection and cleaning work in the air conditioning duct 4A can be easily performed.
- the inspection port 21 is formed at the fastest position so that the flow rate adjusting plate 6 can be easily inspected.
- the blower outlet 4c is formed in the horizontal direction outer side edge part of the lower surface of the air conditioning duct 4B.
- the air outlet 4c extends in the front-rear direction, and an air conditioning member 5B is provided on the lower surface of the air conditioning duct 4B so as to cover the air outlet 4c.
- the air conditioning member 5B has a strip-shaped shielding plate 23 extending in the front-rear direction.
- the shielding plate 23 is slightly longer in the left-right direction than the air outlet 4c, and is disposed so as to close the air outlet 4c, and both left and right ends thereof are fixed to the air conditioning duct 4B.
- the shielding plate 23 has a plurality of slit-shaped upper blowing holes 5b, and the upper blowing holes 5b are arranged in a straight line at intervals in the front-rear direction at the central portion in the left-right direction of the shielding plate 23. Yes.
- a pair of side plates 24L and 24R are erected on the left and right sides of the upper blowing hole 5b on the back side surface (upper surface) of the shielding plate 23.
- the pair of side plates 24L, 24R extends in the front-rear direction so as to sandwich the plurality of upper blowing holes 5b from both the left and right sides, and protrudes vertically upward from the back side surface of the shielding plate 23.
- a plurality of air conditioning plates 9B are provided between the pair of side plates 24L and 24R configured as described above.
- the air conditioning plate 9B is provided in a region where the upper blowing hole 5b is formed, and is arranged at equal intervals in the front-rear direction.
- the air conditioning plate 9B arranged in this manner is passed from one side plate 24L to the other side plate 24R so as to cross the upper blowing hole 5b in the left-right direction, and extends vertically upward.
- the air conditioning plate 9B provided in this way forms a lower blowing hole 5c that is long in the left-right direction surrounded by the air conditioning plate 9B and the pair of side plates 24L, 24R. That is, the air conditioning member 5B also has a double structure like the air conditioning members 5 and 5A of the first and second embodiments.
- the air conditioning member 5B configured in this manner applies the air conditioning airflow that flows from the center in the front-rear direction toward the end portion to the air conditioning plate 9B, changes the direction of the airflowing air flow vertically downward, and then blows into the upper blowing hole. It is made to blow out from 5b.
- the upper blowing hole 5b is formed in a slit shape, whereby the conditioned air that has passed through the upper blowing hole 5b can be diffused in the left-right direction. That is, the conditioned air can be blown downward while being diffused in the left-right direction by the air-conditioning member 5B.
- the air conditioning member 5B can be made of either a light alloy shape material or FRP material. In the case of using a light alloy profile, the air conditioning member 5B can be manufactured simply by cutting the light alloy profile, and the structure is simple.
- the shield plate 23, the side plates 24L and 24R, and the wind control plate 9B can be configured to be bonded with an adhesive or fastened with screws, so that each configuration is separately It can be configured and the color etc. can be changed freely. That is, the degree of freedom in designing the air conditioning member 5B can be improved.
- the air conditioning system 1B of the third embodiment has the same effects as the air conditioning system 1A of the first embodiment.
- the flow rate adjusting plate 6 is light in weight, can suppress the resistance given to the conditioned air flowing in the air conditioning duct 4, and further, by changing the density and thickness of the wire material in the net portion. Since the resistance can be changed, a plate-like net member is preferable, but the shape is not necessarily limited thereto.
- the flow rate adjusting plate 6 may be a punching plate having a plurality of through holes (for example, an aperture ratio of about 50%), or may be a simple plate member having an outer dimension smaller than the cross-sectional area of the air conditioning duct 4. Good.
- any member can be used as long as it can inhibit the flow of the conditioned air flowing through the ventilation path 4a to reduce the flow velocity and has a wind regulation effect.
- the arrangement position of the air conditioner 3 is not limited to one end of the ventilation path 4a, and may be the other end of the ventilation path 4a.
- the number of air conditioners 3 is not limited to one for one ventilation path, but may be two or more for two ventilation paths, or one for two ventilation paths. Also good.
- the vehicle 2 includes a vehicle room 2 a having only a guest room and a vehicle 2 having a guest room and an entrance / exit, and may be an air conditioning system that supplies conditioned air only to the guest room or the entrance / exit.
- Air conditioning system 2 Railway vehicle 3 Air conditioner 4, 4A, 4B Air conditioning duct 4a Ventilation path 4c Air outlet 5, 5A, 5B Air conditioning member 6 Flow rate adjusting plate 9, 9A, 9B Air conditioning plate 16 Air conditioning plate 21 Inspection port 22 Inspection lid
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- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
[空調システム]
図1に示すように、車両2は、その中にある車室2aの温度や湿度を調整するために空調システム1を備えている。空調システム1は、基本的に空調装置3と、空調ダクト4と、整風部材5と、流速調整板6とを備えている。空調装置3は、前後方向の中央部分に位置するように屋根構体7の上に設けられ、空調風を供給可能に構成されている。また、屋根構体7内には、左右対称に配置された一対の空調ダクト4が設けられている。なお、左右の空調ダクト4は、各構成が左右対称に配置されていることを除いて同一の構成を有している。それ故、以下では、一方の空調ダクト(右側の空調ダクト)4だけを図示して説明し、他方の空調ダクトについての説明及び図示を省略している。 <First Embodiment>
[Air conditioning system]
As shown in FIG. 1, the
空調ダクト4は、大略矩形筒状の部材であり、車両2の前端から後端まで延在している。空調ダクト4の中には、前後方向中央部分に仕切板(図示せず)が設けられており、この仕切板によって空調ダクト4が前後方向に二分割されている。このように二分割されることで、空調ダクト4の中には、仕切板の前側及び後側に通風路4aが夫々形成される。この通風路4aは、前後方向に延在し、且つ断面矩形状になっており、単一形状になっている。即ち、空調ダクト4は、その中にメインダクトである通風路4aだけを有しており、プレナムチャンバー方式の構造の空調ダクトにおけるサブダクトを有しない構造となっている。従って、従来の技術のようにメインダクトとサブダクトとを仕切る仕切り壁部がないので、仕切り壁部の形状の修正を行う必要がなく、製造が容易である。 [Air conditioning duct]
The
整風部材5は、図3に示すように例えば軽合金形材又はFRPから成る断面U字状の部材であり、前後方向に延在している。整風部材5は、開口部分5aが下方に位置するように装着溝4bに嵌め込まれている。整風部材5の天井部分には、複数の吹き出し孔5bが形成されている。第1吹き出し孔である吹き出し孔5bは、前後方向に延在するスリット状の孔であり、その左右方向の幅h1が開口部分5aの左右方向の幅よりh2より狭くなっている。また、整風部材5の上面には、吹き出し孔5bを外囲するようにスポンジ状のシール部材8が設けられている。シール部材8は、整風部材5と空調ダクト4との間に介在しており、吹き出し孔5bと空調ダクト4の吹き出し口4cに繋ぐようにそれらの間をシールしている。 [Air conditioning member]
As shown in FIG. 3, the
また、空調ダクト4には、その装着溝4bの天井部であって空調装置3の直下(具体的には、通風路4aの一端側の部分)において邪魔板10が設けられている。この邪魔板10は、前後方向に延在する短冊状の板部材であり、装着溝4bの天井部とシール部材8との間に介在するように設けられている。邪魔板10は、吹き出し口4cよりも幅の狭いスリット10aが形成されており、スリット10aは、吹き出し口4cを通って上側吹き出し孔5bに導かれる空調風を絞るようになっている。なお、本実施形態において、スリット10aの幅は、吹き出し口4cの幅の半分ほどであるが、この幅に限定されるものではない。 [Baffle plate]
The
また、空調ダクト4の通風路4aには、流速調整板6が設けられている。流速調整部材である流速調整板6は、いわゆる板状の網部材(例えば、開口率80%以上の網板)であり、通風路4aの断面と略同じ形状の枠6aを有している。流速調整板6は、通風路4aに直立させて嵌め込まれており、通風路4aを流れる空調風の前後方向の流れを阻害して空調風の流速のうち前後方向の速度成分(以下、単に「前後方向の流速」ともいう)及び圧力を低下させる、つまり空調風に抵抗を与えて前後方向の流速及び圧力を落とすようになっている。 [Flow rate adjusting plate]
Further, a flow
以下では、空調システム1の機能について、図5を参照しながら更に具体的に説明する。図5には、通風路4aの一端から他端に渡って夫々配置されている下側吹き出し孔5cから車室2aに吹き出される風速(縦軸)を示しており、各番号(横軸)は、通風路4aの他端に最も近い下側吹き出し孔5cから順番に付されている。即ち、通風路4aの他端に最も近い下側吹き出し孔5cが1番であり、通風路4aの一端に位置する、即ち空調装置3の直下に位置する下側吹き出し孔5cが43番となっている。また、黒塗りの棒グラフは、空調システム1のように邪魔板10及び流速調整板6が設けられている場合の各下側吹き出し孔5cからの風速を示し、白抜きの棒グラフは、空調システム1において邪魔板10及び流速調整板6が設けられていない場合の各下側吹き出し孔5cからの風速を示している。 [Functions of air conditioning system]
Hereinafter, the function of the
また、空調ダクト4の左右方向外側には、前後方向に延在する照明機器11が設けられ、さらにその外側には、側天井12が位置している。また、一対の空調ダクト4の間には、車両2の左右方向中央部に位置するように横流ファン13(送風機)が設けられており、空調風がこの横流ファン13を介しても車室2aに吹き出されるようになっている。また、横流ファン13の下側には、別の整風部材14が設けられている。この整風部材14は、板状の部材であり、横流ファン13を下方から覆うように設けられている。この整風部材14は、その下面に複数の整風板16を有している。 [Other configurations]
Moreover, the
第2実施形態の空調システム1Aは、第1実施形態の空調システム1と構成が類似している。以下では、第1実施形態の空調システム1Aの構成について、第1実施形態の空調システム1と同様の構成と異なる点についてだけ説明し、同一の点についてはその説明を省略する。第3実施形態の空調システム1Bについても同様である。 <Second Embodiment>
The
整風部材5Aは、第1実施形態の2つの整風部材5,14が一体的に構成されたものである。整風部材5Aは、前後及び左右方向に延びる矩形状に形成された板状の平面部5dを有している。平面部5dは、左右両側に位置する2つの照明機器11の間を渡すようにそれら2つの照明機器11に架設されており、空調ダクト4A及び横流ファン13を下方から覆っている。平面部5dには、左右方向の両端部付近にスリット状の上側吹き出し孔5bが吹き出し口4cに重なるように形成されている。重なるように形成することで、シール部材8Aは、上側吹き出し孔5bを外囲するように配置され、シール部材8Aの内孔によって吹き出し口4cと上側吹き出し孔5bとが繋がっている。また、平面部5dには、左右方向の中央部分に大略矩形状の吹き出し窓5eが形成されており、この吹き出し窓5eから横流ファン13からの空調風が吹き出るようになっている。更に平面部5dは、その下面に複数の整風板9Aを有している。 [Air conditioning member]
The
空調ダクト4Aには、図9に示すように点検口21が形成されている。点検口21は、下方から見て大略矩形状に形成されている。この点検口21には、点検蓋22が開閉可能に設けられている。この点検口21及び点検蓋22は、空調ダクト4Aや流速調整板6を点検や清掃するとき以外の通常時において整風部材5Aによって覆われて車室2aから見えないようになっており、整風部材5Aを外すことによって車室2aから見えるようになっている。外した後に点検蓋22を開けることで点検口21を介して空調ダクト4A内を見たり、その中を清掃することができる。 [inspection door]
An
第3実施形態の空調システム1Bでは、空調ダクト4Bの下面の左右方向外側端部に吹き出し口4cが形成されている。吹き出し口4cは、前後方向に延在しており、この吹き出し口4cを覆うように整風部材5Bが空調ダクト4Bの下面に設けられている。 <Third Embodiment>
In the
第1乃至第3実施形態において、流速調整板6は、重量が軽く、空調ダクト4内を流れる空調風に与える抵抗を抑えることができ、更に網部分の線材の密度や太さを変えることで抵抗を変えることができるので板状の網部材であることが好ましいが、必ずしもこのような形状に限定されない。流速調整板6は、複数の透孔が形成されたパンチングプレート(例えば、開口率50%程度)であってもよく、また空調ダクト4の断面積より外形寸法が小さい単なる板部材であってもよい。つまり、通風路4aを流れる空調風の流れを阻害して流速を低下させることができ、且つ整風効果を有するような部材であればよい。また、空調装置3の配置位置は、通風路4aの一端に限定されず、通風路4aの他端であってもよい。また、空調装置3の数も通風路1つに対して1つに限定されず、通風路2つに対して2つ以上であってもよく、通風路2つに対して1つであってもよい。 <Other embodiments>
In the first to third embodiments, the flow
2 鉄道車両
3 空調装置
4,4A,4B 空調ダクト
4a 通風路
4c 吹き出し口
5,5A,5B 整風部材
6 流速調整板
9,9A,9B 整風板
16 整風板
21 点検口
22 点検蓋 1, 1A, 1B
Claims (10)
- 車室に空調風を供給するための鉄道車両の空調システムにおいて、
車両長手方向に延在する通風路と、前記通風路と前記車室とを連通している複数の吹き出し口とを有する空調ダクトと、
前記空調ダクトの通風路に空調風を供給する空調装置と、
前記通風路において前記空調装置より下流側に設けられ、前記空調風の前記車両長手方向の流れを阻害して流速を調整する流速調整部材と、を備える鉄道車両の空調システム。 In the rail vehicle air conditioning system for supplying conditioned air to the passenger compartment,
An air conditioning duct having a ventilation path extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and a plurality of outlets communicating the ventilation path and the vehicle compartment;
An air conditioner for supplying conditioned air to the ventilation path of the air conditioning duct;
An air conditioning system for a railway vehicle, comprising: a flow rate adjusting member that is provided downstream of the air conditioning device in the ventilation path and that regulates a flow rate by inhibiting the flow of the conditioned air in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. - 前記流速調整部材は、前記通風路の車両長手方向において所定の設置領域に設けられており、
前記設置領域は、前記通風路の前記車両長手方向の長さLとして、前記通風路の車両方向の上流側一端からの車両長手方向の距離がL/10以上L/3以下の範囲である、請求項1に記載の鉄道車両の空調システム。 The flow rate adjusting member is provided in a predetermined installation region in the vehicle longitudinal direction of the ventilation path,
The installation area has a length L in the vehicle longitudinal direction of the ventilation path, and a distance in the vehicle longitudinal direction from an upstream end of the ventilation path in the vehicle direction is L / 10 or more and L / 3 or less. The railway vehicle air conditioning system according to claim 1. - 前記流速調整部材は、前記空調風の前記車両長手方向の流速が最も速くなる最速位置付近に設けられている、請求項2に記載の鉄道車両の空調システム。 3. The railway vehicle air conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein the flow velocity adjusting member is provided in the vicinity of a fastest position where the flow velocity of the conditioned air in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is fastest.
- 前記空調装置は、所定の供給方向の空調風を前記通風路に供給するように構成され、
前記複数の吹き出し口には、前記空調装置に対して前記供給方向に位置する少なくとも1つの吹き出し口が含まれ、
前記少なくとも1つの吹き出し口には、そこからの空調風の吹き出し量を絞るための邪魔板が設けられている、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1つに記載の空調システム。 The air conditioner is configured to supply conditioned air in a predetermined supply direction to the ventilation path,
The plurality of outlets include at least one outlet located in the supply direction with respect to the air conditioner,
The air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a baffle plate is provided at the at least one outlet to restrict the amount of air conditioned air blown therefrom. - 前記吹き出し口には、それを横切るように車幅方向に延在し、且つ上下方向に延在する整風板を有する整風部材が設けられている、請求項1乃至4のいずれか1つに記載の鉄道車両の空調システム。 5. The air blowing member according to claim 1, wherein the air blowing member is provided with an air conditioning member that extends in a vehicle width direction so as to cross the air outlet and has an air conditioning plate that extends in a vertical direction. Railway vehicle air conditioning system.
- 前記整風部材は、前記車両長手方向に延在し、且つ前記吹き出し口より前記車幅方向の開口幅が小さいスリット状の第1吹き出し孔を有し、
前記整風板は、前記第1吹き出し孔を横切るように延在し、
前記吹き出し口は、前記第1吹き出し孔を介して前記車室に繋がっている、請求項5に記載の鉄道車両の空調システム。 The air conditioning member has a slit-shaped first blowout hole extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and having a smaller opening width in the vehicle width direction than the blowout opening.
The air conditioning plate extends across the first blowing hole,
The railway vehicle air conditioning system according to claim 5, wherein the air outlet is connected to the vehicle compartment via the first air outlet. - 前記空調装置からの空調風を車室に送る送風機を更に有し、
前記送風機は、前記鉄道車両の車幅方向中間部分に設けられ、
前記吹き出し口は、前記鉄道車両の車幅方向両端寄りに設けられ、
前記整風板は、前記吹き出し口から前記送風機の下方位置まで延在している、請求項5に記載の鉄道車両の空調システム。 A further blower for sending conditioned air from the air conditioner to the passenger compartment;
The blower is provided in an intermediate portion in the vehicle width direction of the railway vehicle,
The outlet is provided near both ends in the vehicle width direction of the railway vehicle,
The rail vehicle air conditioning system according to claim 5, wherein the air conditioning plate extends from the outlet to a position below the blower. - 前記流速調整部材は、板状の網部材であり、前記車両長手方向に直交するように設けられている、請求項1乃至7のいずれか1つに記載の鉄道車両の空調システム。 The railway vehicle air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the flow velocity adjusting member is a plate-like net member, and is provided so as to be orthogonal to the vehicle longitudinal direction.
- 前記空調ダクトは、前記車室に開口する点検口と、前記点検口に開閉可能な点検蓋とを有し、
前記点検口は、前記流速調整部材に対応するように位置している、請求項1乃至8のいずれか1つに記載の鉄道車両の空調システム。 The air conditioning duct has an inspection opening that opens to the vehicle compartment, and an inspection lid that can be opened and closed at the inspection opening.
The railway vehicle air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the inspection port is positioned so as to correspond to the flow velocity adjusting member. - 請求項1乃至9のいずれか1つに記載の空調システムを備える鉄道車両。 A railway vehicle comprising the air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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WO2020045624A1 (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-05 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Air-conditioning duct for railway vehicles |
JP7455080B2 (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2024-03-25 | 三協立山株式会社 | Air conditioning board for railway vehicles |
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