JP5643470B2 - 汚染廃液リサイクルによる新クリーンエネルギのオーバーユニティ生産 - Google Patents
汚染廃液リサイクルによる新クリーンエネルギのオーバーユニティ生産 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5643470B2 JP5643470B2 JP2002501570A JP2002501570A JP5643470B2 JP 5643470 B2 JP5643470 B2 JP 5643470B2 JP 2002501570 A JP2002501570 A JP 2002501570A JP 2002501570 A JP2002501570 A JP 2002501570A JP 5643470 B2 JP5643470 B2 JP 5643470B2
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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Description
本特許出願は、1998年8月13日出願の米国特許出願第09/133,348号の継続出願であり、この原出願は更に、1998年6月26日出願の米国特許出願第09/106,170号の継続出願である。
関連する3つの特許出願の相互関係は以下のようである。
1999年8月11日出願の特許出願第09/372,273号は、廃液をリサイクルするための新規な効率的方法を開示しており、これは廃液の気化に関する実質上新たな方法を構成し、汚染された液体をクリーンに燃える可燃ガスと固体沈殿物とに転換することを含む。このプラズマアークフロー(PlasmArcFlow)と呼ばれる新しい方法は、電極間のアーク中に廃液を通すことを基本としている。この新しい方法は、例えば H. Eldridge の米国特許第603,058号、W. A. Dammann と D. Wallman の同第5,159,900号、W. H. Richardson, Jr. の同第5,435,274号、W. A. Dammann と D. Wallman の同第5,417,817号、W. H. Richardson, Jr. の同第5,692,459号、W. H. Richardson, Jr. の同第5,792,325号などの従来技術の開示内容に比べて格段に効率的である。
以下に述べる本発明は、マグネガスを生産するためのみならず、マグネガスの生産中にマグネリキッドから得られる第2のクリーンエネルギである使用可能な多量の熱をも生産する、プラズマアークフロー反応炉の商業的オーバーユニティを劇的に増加させるための手段からなる。このように大きなオーバーユニティにより、さらには使用可能なエネルギの第2の収入源が得られることにより、本発明の装置は、これまで入手可能であった燃料のコストに比較して初めてコスト競争力があり、どのような燃料としての応用も可能であり、環境的にも受容可能なガスの生産を可能にするものである。
idD/dt=(A、H、C)=AH−HA+C
の形式で表すからである。ここでHは合計エネルギを示す演算子である。上述の時間展開は、正確には前記外部条件Cのため、重大な物理学的及び数学的な矛盾を抱えることとなる。本願発明者は、本発明以前に、主要な算式:
idD/dt=(A、H)=ARH−HSD
を有するハドロン・プラズマ物理学を最初に構築しなければならなかった。ここでRとSは、前記粒子の非球形で変形可能な形状と、そのノンポテンシャルな相互作用を示すマトリックスで、これは上述の矛盾を解消し、上述した科学文献によっても証明されている。これにより、科学の歴史において始めて、小さな相互距離を持つプラズマの構成が、それが実際に存在する、ポテンシャルを有する延長された変形可能な形体で、遠方で作用する状態を表示し、あるいは衝突によるノンポテンシャルな相互作用状態を表示する、矛盾のない有意義な計算を可能にしている。繰り返すと、ハドロン・プラズマ物理学の事前の発見は、本発明の最も重要な要素であり、これが発見されなかったことが、他の発明者によって本発明を見出せなかった理由である。
1)発熱化学反応により燃焼の間に放出される従来の化学的エネルギと;2)原子価電子軌道の磁気分極化が、球体の回転対称を有するその従来の形態に結合するように、原子がより容易に原子価結合となるような組み合わせにすることによる変則的なエネルギの放出と;3)上述したように、従来の分子内の追加のエネルギであって、やはり燃焼の間に放出されるエネルギの蓄積と、が含まれる。
1)68Kwh=233,965BTU/hの100%デューティサイクルのDC電力;
2)1200Aで40V=48Kwhの3/4インチ直径の電極間の電気アークで、約70%のDCコンバータにおける効率に相当するアーク;
3)大気圧下での操業;
4)絶対最小600BTU/cfのBTU含有を有する不凍液廃液を使用して800cf/hのマグネガスを生産、480,000BTU/hの生産に相当;
5)熱交換により使用されるマグネリキッド中の約700,000BTU/hの熱の生産。以上の測定結果、商業的オーバーユニティが約5.06=(700,000BTU/h+480,000BTU/h)/234,000BTU/hとなり、このように先に概要を示した本発明の基礎となる科学的発見の有用性を証明している。
1)68Kwh=233,965BTU/hの100%デューティサイクルのDC電力;
2)絶対最小600BTU/cfのBTU含有を有する不凍液廃液を使用して1,200cf/hのマグネガスの生産、720,000BTU/hの生産に匹敵;
3)マグネリキッド中の約1,000,000BTU/hの熱の生産。
本発明の本質と目的をより詳しく理解するため、添付図面を参照して以下に詳細する。
これまで記載された全ての特性を工業的に実現するため、本発明の好ましい実施の形態の可能な限り全ての構成の詳細を以下に記す。
1)3つの電気アーク全てが直列につながれ、単一のDC発電機により電力が加えられこと。この場合、第1の負極は発電機に接続され、第1の正極は第2の負極に接続され、第2の正極は第3の負極に接続され、最後の正極は前記DC発電機に接続される;2)3つの電気アークの全てが、単一のDC発電機と並列に接続されること。この場合、全ての3つの負極のそれぞれは発電機に接続され、全ての3つの正極はそれぞれ同じ発電機に接続される;3)前記各電気アークが、個々に3つの異なるDC発電機から1つにつき各電気アークごとの電力を得ること、である。
ステーション1:集約して符号103で示す−フィルタ・軟化装置アセンブリ−は、汚水が流入する内径約1インチのステンレス鋼の入口チューブ104と、大きな粒子の装置内への侵入を防ぎ、生物学的な微粒子を装置で処理可能な形態に乳化する、前記入口チューブ104につながるフィルタ・軟化ポンプアセンブリ105とから構成される。
Claims (26)
- リサイクルされる液体を入れた密閉金属容器(10)と;
前記密閉金属容器(10)内に配置された少なくとも一対の電極(1、2)とから構成される、液体を可燃ガス、熱、固体成分にリサイクルするための装置において:
前記電極(1、2)の先端(97、98)を取り囲む電気的絶縁材料のベンチュリ・チューブ(6)と、
前記ベンチュリ・チューブ(6)につながる入口パイプ(4)と、
前記液体を、前記入口パイプ(4)とベンチュリ・チューブ(6)とを強制的に通過させるポンプ手段(36、105)であって、前記液体を強制的に流して前記少なくとも一対の電極間に形成される液面下の電気アークと該電極の先端を囲むプラズマとの間を通過させるポンプ手段(36、105)と、
前記液体の表面に泡状に発生する可燃ガスを収集するためのアセンブリ(74)とを備えることを特徴とする装置。
- 前記液体が化石原油である、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記液体が汚染廃液である、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記液体が水道水、井戸水、湖水、海水、これらの混合物のいずれかである、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記可燃ガスが、クラスタ中に結合された40%の水素、55%の一酸化炭素、3%の二酸化炭素、2%の酸素から構成される、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記可燃ガスから生産される燃焼排気が、60%の水蒸気、15%の酸素、15%の固体状の炭素、5%の二酸化炭素、その他一般の大気ガスから構成される、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記電気アークが、当該電気アークによって形成されるプラズマの概略形状に対応する楕円状の断面領域を有するチューブの内部に収められ、これによって前記液体の流れが、前記電気アークを発生させる電極の先端に隣接するプラズマを通過し、その後、前記電極の先端間のギャップを通過することを確実にする、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記液体が、前記電極の1つ(2)の内部を通って流され、これによって前記液体の流れが前記電気アークを通過し、その後、当該電気アークによって形成されるプラズマを通過することを確実にする、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記電極が炭素棒アノード(1)を含み、前記装置がさらに、
前記アノード(1)を前記電気アークに向かって駆動するためのモータ駆動歯付きギア(51)であって、前記アノード(1)に対して圧力をかける歯付きギア(51)と、
前記炭素棒アノード(1)に対して押し付けられる釣り合いを保つ絶縁アイドルローラ(52)とを有する、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記装置が、相互結合する電極棒を自動的に補充する手段(61)を更に備え、当該手段が、収納マガジンと、補充動作の開始を合図するセンサと、補充される電極棒をマガジンから取り出し、前記金属容器に充填されて直前に使用中の電極棒に当該電極棒を相互結合する手段とを含む、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記電極の少なくとも1つが円筒形状である、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記電極の少なくとも1つが石炭から形成されている、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記装置が、導電性粉末と結合剤とから少なくとも1つの電極を連続的に押し出す手段を更に備えている、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記一対の電極及び前記電気アークが、直列に複数配列されている、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記一対の電極及び前記電気アークが、並列に複数配列されている、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記電極間の電気アークが、モータを備えた自動電子手段によって始動され、制御される、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 電流の極性が、加圧状態でアノード上をスライド移動する液面下の接点を介して伝達され、前記接点が前記電気アークに近接して設けられている、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記生産された可燃ガスを収集するためのアセンブリ(74)が、前記液体の上限液面の上方に配置された安定化タンクを含む、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記装置が、前記装置の操業を停止させることなく固体沈殿物を迅速に回収するための手段を更に備えている、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記液体に吸収された熱を、当該液体を圧送して外部のラジェータ(84)を通過させることにより利用する、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記液体に吸収された熱を、前記液体を圧送して外部又は内部のいずれかの熱交換器を通過させることにより利用する、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記金属容器との間に相互連通した開口部を有する前記金属容器の頂部に配置された安定化タンク内に、前記可燃ガスが送り込まれ、前記可燃ガスに捕捉された液体を安定化させて前記金属容器へ戻ることを許容する、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記装置が、前記液体の流れを予め定められた値にプリセットする、入口に配置された圧力ゲージを含むバルブを更に備えている、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記電極に伝達される電流がDCである、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 前記電極に伝達される電流がACである、請求項1にかかる装置。
- 電流の1つの極性が、スプリングの圧力で前記電極の上をスライド移動する金属接点を介して伝達され、前記接点が前記電気アークに近接して配置されている、請求項1にかかる装置。
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AU2001265357B2 (en) | 2006-03-09 |
AU6535701A (en) | 2001-12-17 |
EP1412080A1 (en) | 2004-04-28 |
CZ306312B6 (cs) | 2016-11-30 |
NO20025818D0 (no) | 2002-12-04 |
JP2004506747A (ja) | 2004-03-04 |
EP1412080A4 (en) | 2005-04-27 |
NO20025818L (no) | 2003-02-05 |
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