JP5608060B2 - Housing construction method and formwork for following housing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a frame construction method and a reverse frame for a reverse winding method.

When building a concrete structure, a so-called reverse winding method of building from the top to the bottom may be employed.
For example, when building an underground structure, build the upper frame (leading frame) first, secure the construction space below, dig the ground, and then build the lower frame (following frame) .

  In the reverse winding method, the leading housing and the trailing housing are connected by filling (injecting) non-shrinking mortar, grout, etc. into the gap formed between the lower end surface of the preceding housing and the upper end surface of the following housing. Was common.

However, in the method of filling the non-shrink mortar or the like, it may be necessary to secure a space for arranging the equipment for press-fitting, and the construction cost may increase due to equipment and materials.
In addition, it takes time and effort to confirm the filling property.

  Therefore, as a method of connecting the leading frame and the trailing frame without the need for press-fitting equipment or the like, the upper end of the formwork is widened to the side and the blowing port is set to be higher than the lower end surface of the leading frame. A method has been developed in which the concrete of the trailing frame is placed so as to be in close contact with the lower end surface of the preceding frame by forming and using this blow-up port to drive up the concrete (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-6-272380

However, the conventional concrete pouring method cannot maintain the pressure in the mold until the concrete is poured into the blow-up port, so that it is difficult to discharge excess water. For this reason, the upper end surface of the trailing housing may be subsidized.
In addition, it is easy to place concrete with a formwork structure that is simply sealed, but it is impossible to discharge surplus water. It was necessary to take.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, and at the joint portion between the frames in the reverse winding method, a frame construction method and a post-construction method capable of performing high-quality construction easily and inexpensively. It is an object of the present invention to provide a formwork for a row frame.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a housing construction method of the present invention is a housing construction method for forming a trailing housing so as to be in close contact with a lower end surface of a preceding housing, wherein the lower end surface of the preceding housing is horizontal or one of them. It is formed in a state where the lower side is inclined so as to be higher than the other lower side, and a discharge port is formed at a position corresponding to one lower side of the lower end surface of the preceding housing in the mold of the following housing In addition, a slide gate that opens and closes the discharge port is provided, and when pouring the concrete into the formwork, excess water is discharged from the discharge port to raise the placement surface of the cast concrete. In response, the slide gate is raised.

  According to such a frame construction method, surplus water, slag and the like can be discharged from the discharge port, and the discharge port of the concrete can be prevented by closing the discharge port by the slide gate, so that the joint seam can be prevented. As a result, it is difficult to form junkers and gaps, and it is possible to construct a trailing frame with high quality.

  In the housing construction method, the concrete may be pressurized in a state where a discharge port is closed by the slide gate. In other words, the concrete is placed while the pumping pressure and flow rate are gradually reduced (gradually reduced) while the discharge port is sequentially closed by the slide gate, and the concrete is finally pressurized while the discharge port is closed. It is possible to reduce the burden on the formwork due to the rapid rise of the air and to release the air. If it does in this way, the adhesion degree in a joint seam can be raised further.

Further, the form frame for the trailing frame of the present invention is a form frame for the following frame for forming the trailing frame closely contacting the lower end surface of the preceding frame, and is formed along the upper end of the trailing frame. A discharge port, a placement port formed at a position lower than the discharge port, and a slide gate disposed below the discharge port, the slide gate corresponding to a concrete placement surface When it is raised, the discharge port is finally closed.

According to such a form for the trailing frame, it is possible to discharge surplus water and waste from the discharge port, and further, by raising the slide gate according to the concrete placement surface placed inside Since it is possible to prevent the concrete from flowing out, it is possible to carry out high-quality construction that suppresses the settlement of the upper end surface of the trailing housing in a simple and inexpensive manner.
Here, the placement of concrete into the formwork is divided into a method of moving and placing the connecting port sequentially using a concrete transport pipe connected to one casting port. For example, there is a method in which a concrete transport pipe is simultaneously placed from a plurality of places in a state where the concrete transport pipe is connected to a plurality of placement openings. Further, it is desirable that the placing port has a structure that can be closed by a slide gate or the like.

Moreover, if the discharge chute which slides with a slide gate is arrange | positioned, the stain | pollution | contamination of a formwork can be prevented.
Furthermore, if the container which receives the surplus concrete discharged | emitted from the discharge port is arrange | positioned at the lower end of this discharge chute, the surplus concrete can be processed easily.

  According to the frame construction method and the frame for the trailing frame of the present invention, it is possible to construct the trailing frame formed below the leading frame at high quality at the joint portion between the frames in the reverse winding method. .

It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the form for a trailing frame which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the mold for the trailing frame in FIG. 1, (b) is an elevation view from which the mold for the trailing frame is desired from one side, and (c) is the other side of the mold for the trailing frame. FIG. It is a figure which shows the detail of the form for the following housings, Comprising: (a) is an expansion elevation seen from one side, (b) is an expanded sectional view. (A)-(d) is sectional drawing which shows each construction condition of the frame construction method concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the formwork for following frames, (a) is the elevation which shows the part, (b) is the sectional drawing.

This embodiment demonstrates the case where the underground structure 1 is constructed | assembled by a reverse winding method as shown in FIG.
The underground structure 1 is a box culvert having a top plate 2, a bottom plate 3, and wall members 4, 4, and 4. A wall member ( It is constructed by forming a trailing housing 4).

The wall member 4 is formed by a wall main body 4b and an upper end portion 4a which is a connecting portion between the wall main body 4b and the top plate 2.
The wall body 4 b is formed below the top plate 2 with a gap from the lower end surface 2 a of the top plate 2. The upper end portion 4 a is formed in this gap to connect the top plate 2 and the wall member 4.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the top plate 2 is inclined so that one lower side (the lower left side in the drawing) of the lower end surface 2a is higher than the other lower side (the lower right side in the drawing). It is formed with.

  The upper end 4a is formed at the upper end of the wall body 4b by using the trailing frame 10 so as to be in close contact with the lower end surface 2a of the top plate 2.

The trailing frame 10 for this embodiment includes a pair of mold members 11 and 12.
The pair of mold members 11 and 12 are disposed so as to sandwich a gap formed between the lower end of the top plate 2 and the upper end of the wall body 4b.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the formwork members 11 and 12 are plate-shaped members, the upper part of which is the top plate 2 and the lower part of the wall main body 4b through the fixing members 20 and 20, respectively. It is fixed.
Although the configuration of the fixing member 20 is not limited, the fixing member 20 of the present embodiment includes an anchor 21, a locking member 22, and cross members 23 and 23.
The anchor 21 is fixed in a state where the tip portion is embedded in the upper member 2 or the wall body 4 b, and the head is locked to the cross member 23 via the locking member 22. The locking member 22 is a member configured to be locked to the cross members 23, 23 disposed above and below the anchor 21.
The cross members 23 and 23 are support members disposed along the axial direction (left and right direction in FIG. 2B) on the surface of the mold members 11 and 12, and are supported by the anchor 21 via the locking member 22. The formwork members 11 and 12 are held by being tightened. The cross member 23 is composed of, for example, a single pipe pipe, a mold steel material, or the like. In the present embodiment, two cross members 23 are provided, but the number of cross members 23 is not limited.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c), the mold members 11 and 12 are formed of a steel plate. On the outer surface (surface opposite to the wall member 4), reinforcing ribs 11a, A plurality of 12a are arranged. In addition, the material which comprises the formwork members 11 and 12 is not limited, For example, a wooden board | plate material etc. may be sufficient.

One mold member 11 (hereinafter referred to as “first mold member 11”) disposed on one lower side (the left side in FIG. 2A) of the top plate 2 includes a shape shown in FIG. As shown to (b), the discharge port 13 is formed along the upper end (one lower side) of the upper end part 4a.
A plurality (five in the present embodiment) of discharge ports 13 are formed at predetermined intervals in the lateral direction.

A slide gate 14 is disposed at each discharge port 13.
As shown in FIG. 3B, the slide gate 14 is formed of a plate material having an L-shape in cross section, which includes a vertical plate portion 14a and a horizontal plate portion 14b.

  The vertical plate portion 14a is positioned below the discharge port 13 (see FIG. 3 (b)) before placing concrete, but closes the discharge port 13 by rising (see FIG. 2 (a)). .

The horizontal plate portion 14b is formed integrally with the lower end of the vertical plate portion 14a, and the traction rope R is locked thereon. The tow rope R is suspended from the top plate 2 at a position higher than the first mold member 11.
The slide gate 14 rises by pulling up the tow rope R and closes the discharge port 13.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the first mold member 11 is provided with holding plates 18 on both sides of the discharge port 13.
A predetermined gap is formed between the pressing plate 18 and the first mold member 11, and the side end of the vertical plate portion 14a is inserted into this gap. That is, the holding plate 18 and the first mold member 11 hold the vertical plate portion 14a so as to be movable up and down.
In addition, the installation method of the slide gate 14 is not limited to this.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the first mold member 11 is provided with a discharge chute 15 that slides together with the slide gate 14.

  The upper part of the discharge chute 15 is fixed to the vertical plate part 14a. The discharge chute 15 is fixed to the horizontal plate portion 14b via a fixing member 15a fixed to the lower surface of the horizontal plate portion 14b.

The fixing member 15 a is a member longer than the horizontal plate portion 14 b and has one end fixed to the discharge chute 15.
As shown in FIG. 3B, the discharge chute 15 is fixed via a fixing member 15 a, so that the discharge chute 15 is inclined away from the first mold member 11 as it goes downward.

As shown in FIG. 3A, side plates 15 b and 15 b are disposed on both side ends of the discharge chute 15.
A container 16 is disposed at the lower end of the discharge chute 15. The container 16 stores excess concrete and excess water discharged from the discharge port 13.

  Since the discharge chute 15 includes the side plates 15b and 15b, the excess concrete and excess water discharged from the discharge port 13 are guided to the container 16 without spilling sideways.

The container 16 is a bag-like member, and is detachably disposed at the lower end of the discharge chute 15 with the upper portion opened. In the present embodiment, the lower end portion of the discharge chute 15 is inserted into the opening portion of the container 16 so that excess water or the like dropped through the discharge chute 15 is introduced into the container 16.
The container 16 is not limited as long as it can take in excess concrete, excess water, or the like, and may be a bucket, a box-type container, or the like. Further, the opening edge of the container 16 may be brought into close contact with the lower end of the discharge chute 15.

The other mold member 12 (hereinafter referred to as “second mold member 12”) disposed on the other lower side (the right side in FIG. 2A) of the top plate 2 includes the parts shown in FIG. As shown in (c), the placement port 17 is formed to be lower than the discharge port 13.
A plurality of (in the present embodiment, five) placement openings 17 are formed at predetermined intervals in the lateral direction.
The shape and number of the placement openings 17 are not limited and may be set as appropriate. The placement port 17 is configured to be closed by a slide gate or the like.

The following structure 10 for the trailing frame allows the concrete to be placed from the placement port 17 and the excess concrete, the sludge, the excess water, and the like to be discharged from the discharge port 13. .
In addition, surplus concrete discharged from the discharge port 13 at the time of placing concrete is collected by the container 16 through the discharge chute 15.

Next, a method for constructing the underground structure 1 will be described.
In the present embodiment, the top plate 2 is constructed, a construction space is secured under the top plate 2, the bottom plate 3 is constructed, and then the wall member 4 is constructed between the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3.

  The top plate 2 is formed with the lower end surface 2a inclined so that one lower side is higher than the other lower side.

  The wall member 4 is constructed by first forming the wall body 4b below the top plate 2 and then forming the upper end portion 4a in the gap formed between the wall body 4b and the top plate 2.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the wall body 4 b is provided with a mold frame 30 between the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3 formed in advance, and concrete is placed in the mold frame 30. To form.
The wall body 4b is formed in a state where a predetermined gap is provided between the wall body 4b and the lower end surface 2a of the top plate 2.

The mold frame 30 has an upper end fixed to the top plate 2 and a lower end fixed to the bottom plate 3.
With the placement of the concrete into the mold 30, the vibrator 40 is inserted from the upper part of the mold 30 and the concrete is compacted.

When the concrete is cured and a predetermined strength is developed in the wall body 4b, the mold 30 is removed, and as shown in FIG. 4B, the mold for the trailing frame is formed between the top plate 2 and the wall body 4b. A frame 10 is disposed.
At this time, the slide gate 14 is disposed below the discharge port 13 so that the discharge port 13 is opened.

Next, as shown in FIG.4 (c), concrete is thrown in from the placement port 17. As shown in FIG.
When the concrete placement surface rises to the height of the lower edge of the discharge port 13, the slide gate 14 is raised according to the rise of the placement surface. At this time, if necessary, the upper end of the slide gate 14 may be made lower than the concrete placement surface to discharge excess water, nose, etc. during concrete placement.
Excess water discharged from the discharge port 13 is guided by the discharge chute 15 and taken into the container 16.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (d), when the concrete placement surface approaches the lower end surface of the top plate 2 and the concrete starts to flow out from the discharge port 13, the slide gate 14 is gradually decreased while gradually decreasing the pump pressure and flow rate. The concrete in the mold 10 for the trailing frame is pressurized at a low pressure while being raised (closed) and finally closed.

  If necessary, the slide gate 14 is lowered by a small amount to discharge surplus water, slag, surplus concrete, etc. from the discharge port 13, and suppresses the burden on the mold due to a sudden pressure increase while filling with pressure. To do.

According to the housing construction method and the following housing form of the present embodiment, the opening width (height) of the discharge port 13 can be adjusted by raising and lowering the slide gate 14 to prevent a rapid increase in pressure. While being pressurized and filled, it is possible to suitably perform air venting, excess water discharge, and the like.
Therefore, it is difficult to form a junker or a gap in the joint portion between the top plate 2 and the wall member 4, and the construction can be performed with high quality.

Moreover, by discharging the excess water of the concrete together with the air from the discharge port 13, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of settlement and voids on the upper end surface of the trailing frame and to perform the construction with high quality.
Therefore, it is not necessary to perform repair work such as bringing the trailing housing into close contact with the preceding housing and filling the gap.
Further, since the discharge port 13 can be closed while gradually reducing the pumping pressure and the flow rate, it is possible to pressurize the concrete while preventing the formwork from collapsing. Can be adhered to.
Here, if a pressure sensor is installed inside the mold 10 for the trailing frame, and the discharge port 13 is closed while gradually reducing the pump pressure and flow rate while checking the internal pressure, the mold can be more reliably attached. Collapse can be prevented and the adhesion of concrete to the lower end surface 2a can be further improved.

  Moreover, since the projecting part is not formed on the upper part of the trailing housing as in the conventional construction method using the blow-up port, the chipping work and the finishing work can be omitted, and the workability is excellent.

  Since surplus water, surplus concrete, and the like discharged from the discharge port 13 are collected in the container 16 through the discharge chute 15, the surface of the following frame 10 and the periphery of the wall main body 4b, the lower member 3, etc. There is no fouling. Therefore, troubles such as cleaning work can be omitted.

  Moreover, since the mold 10 for a trailing frame is a simple structure, it can be manufactured comparatively cheaply.

Since the lower end surface 2a of the top slab 2 is inclined, air can be discharged from the discharge port 13 along with the rise of the placing surface when placing concrete. Therefore, the leading housing and the trailing housing can be brought into close contact with each other.
Further, since the lower end surface 2 a is inclined, surplus water or the like can be discharged from the discharge port 13 even after the concrete placement surface has reached the lower side of the top plate 2.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the above-described constituent elements can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, the structure to which the frame construction method and the subsequent frame of the present invention can be applied is not limited to an underground structure, but can be adopted for a concrete structure constructed by any reverse winding method. The underground structure is not limited to the box culvert.
Further, the lower end surface of the preceding housing does not necessarily have to be inclined, and may be formed horizontally.

Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the inner wall of an underground structure was constructed | assembled, you may employ | adopt the frame construction method and succeeding frame form of this invention for construction of a side wall.
Further, the trailing frame is not limited to the wall, and may be a pillar, for example.

  Although the case where the discharge chute and the container are disposed has been described in the above embodiment, the discharge chute and the container may be disposed as necessary and may be omitted.

Although the case where concrete is placed and the concrete is pressurized while the discharge port is closed has been described, the concrete may be pressed as necessary and may not necessarily be performed.
In addition, concrete placement may be performed simultaneously from a plurality of placement openings, or may be performed from one placement opening while sequentially moving the placement locations (placement openings).

The type of concrete placed in the building construction method is not limited, and for example, high-fluidity concrete, expanded concrete, high-strength concrete, ordinary concrete, and the like can be employed.
It is also possible to employ mortar or grout.

In the above embodiment, the case where the discharge port is formed in one mold member and the casting port is formed in the other mold member is described with respect to the pair of mold members, but the discharge port and the casting port are integrated. It may be formed on the mold member.
Further, the placement port does not necessarily need to be configured to be closed by the slide gate, and the configuration is not limited.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where only the upper end portion is formed by the mold for the trailing frame has been described, but the wall body is formed by the mold for the trailing frame by increasing the height of the mold for the trailing frame. May be.

1 Underground structure 2 Top plate (advanced enclosure)
3 Bottom plate 4 Wall member (following frame)
4a Upper end part 4b Wall main body 10 Formwork for following frame 11 First formwork member (formwork member)
12 Second formwork member (formwork member)
13 Discharge port 14 Slide gate 15 Discharge chute 16 Container 17 Placing port

Claims (3)

A housing construction method for forming a trailing housing so as to be in close contact with a lower end surface of a preceding housing,
The lower end surface of the preceding housing is formed in a state of being inclined such that it is horizontal or one lower side is higher than the other lower side,
In the form of the trailing housing, a discharge port is formed at a position corresponding to one lower side of the lower end surface of the preceding housing, and a slide gate for opening and closing the discharge port is provided,
A method for constructing a frame, comprising: discharging concrete from the discharge port when the concrete is placed inside the mold and raising the slide gate in accordance with a rise in a placement surface of the cast concrete.   The method for constructing a frame according to claim 1, wherein the concrete is pressurized while the discharge port is closed by the slide gate. A forming frame for a trailing housing for forming a trailing housing that is in close contact with the lower end surface of the preceding housing,
A discharge port formed along the upper end of the trailing housing;
A placement port formed at a position lower than the discharge port;
A slide gate disposed below the discharge port,
A mold for a trailing frame, characterized in that the discharge port is finally closed when the slide gate is raised according to the concrete placement surface .

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