JP2001200636A - Stairs construction method and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a high grade stairs to be arranged in a connecting tunnel or an inspection gallery in a short time. SOLUTION: After forms for stairs 22 which are arranged in the connection tunnel 14 and the inspection galley 18 so as to rise, lower, and move freely and are provided with a lid body 24 capable of being opened and closed upward and freely are arranged across a predetermined distance between the connection tunnel 14 and a floor surface 40 of the inspection galley 18, concrete 52 is placed between the floor surface 40 and the forms for stairs 22 by opening the lid body 24 as required, then the concrete 52 is cured and hardened, and the forms for stairs 22 are removed to construct the stairs 20 in the connection tunnel 14 and the inspection gallery 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a staircase provided in a communication tunnel for emergency evacuation and inspection provided between adjacent tunnels or an inspection corridor for inspection provided inside a dam. And a method and apparatus for constructing.
In the present specification, “placement” refers to filling mud-like concrete, which has not been cured and hardened, between a formwork and a tunnel inner wall surface (in the present invention, a communication tunnel or a floor of an inspection corridor). That means.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, steps provided in a communication tunnel for evacuating people in the event of a disaster placed between adjacent tunnels or for inspecting the inside of the tunnel (see FIG. 7A). ) Or stairs installed in the audit corridor for inspecting the inside of the dam (Fig. 7
(See (b)), as shown in Fig. 8, a wooden frame corresponding to the stairs is manufactured on site, and this wooden frame is assembled and arranged on the inclined floor of the communication tunnel or the audit corridor. A method has been adopted in which concrete is poured into each section partitioned by the wooden frame, and after curing and hardening of the concrete, each wooden frame is removed from the mold.

Further, in order to cast viscous concrete on the inclined floor surface of a communication tunnel or an inspection corridor, the upper surface of the cast concrete is usually inclined and does not become horizontal. Workers have been forced to perform ironing work to level the surface horizontally.

In FIGS. 7 and 8, reference numeral 12 denotes each adjacent tunnel, reference numeral 14 denotes a connecting tunnel, reference numeral 16 denotes a dam, reference numeral 18 denotes an inspection corridor, reference numeral 20 denotes a staircase, and reference numeral 40 denotes a concrete casting of the connecting tunnel 14 or the inspection corridor 18. 52 indicates concrete, 60 indicates a wooden frame, and 62 indicates a concrete supply pipe.

[0005]

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 8, the construction of a staircase provided in a communication tunnel provided between adjacent tunnels or an audit corridor provided in a dam is as shown in FIG. The production, assembly and dismantling of the wooden frame is very troublesome because the wooden frame is manufactured and assembled, disassembled, and removed from the site each time, and the construction period is greatly delayed. I was

Further, the number of times of assembling and removing the wooden frame is determined according to the total length of the stairs to be constructed. When the total length of the stairs is long, workability is extremely poor.

Further, the upper surface of concrete cast in each section partitioned by a wooden frame is always inclined and does not become horizontal due to the viscosity of concrete and the inclination of the floor on which the wooden frame is disposed. Therefore, ironing work to level the cast concrete surface horizontally is indispensable, and it is difficult for even a skilled worker to level the concrete surface horizontally, and when inexperienced workers perform it. However, there is always a problem that the quality of the stairs to be built is remarkably deteriorated.

Further, the strength of concrete after casting and hardening,
In order to improve durability, it is necessary to vibrate the concrete with a vibrator, but since the entire outer periphery is surrounded by the wooden frame, it is difficult to vibrate the concrete poured into the wooden frame with the vibrator. I was

The present invention has been made in view of the above drawbacks, and has been developed in a short period of time to provide a staircase provided in a communication tunnel or an audit corridor.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device capable of being constructed with high quality.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided an emergency evacuation / inspection communication tunnel provided between adjacent tunnels or an inspection audit corridor provided inside a dam. A method and apparatus for constructing a staircase, comprising: a stair form having a lid capable of being lifted, lowered and moved freely in a communication tunnel or an audit corridor and having an openable and closable upper part, and a floor of the communication tunnel or the audit corridor. After placing the concrete at a predetermined distance from the surface and then placing concrete between the floor of the connecting tunnel or audit corridor and the formwork for the stairs while opening the lid as necessary Curing and hardening the concrete,
The method is characterized in that a staircase is constructed in a communication tunnel or an inspection corridor by removing a stair form.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A staircase construction apparatus according to the present invention uses a communication tunnel 14 for emergency evacuation and inspection provided between adjacent tunnels 12 shown in FIG.
The main purpose is to construct a staircase 20 arranged in an inspection corridor 18 for inspection arranged inside the dam 16 shown in (b), and as shown in FIGS. It becomes.

A plurality of openable and closable lids 24 are provided on the upper surface of a staircase formwork 22 corresponding to the shape of the staircase 20 to be constructed.

In this embodiment, the lid 24 is used open to impart buoyancy to the cast concrete in order to improve the casting (filling) efficiency of the cast concrete into the staircase formwork 22, or It is used as a concrete pouring mouth when opened, or used to check the state of pouring concrete. A plurality of stairs are provided at each step of the formwork 22 for stairs. (See FIGS. 1, 2 and 6).

A drain groove form 2 for constructing a drain groove 25 for draining water generated in the communication tunnel 14 or the inspection corridor 18 on both sides in the width direction of the stair form 22.
6 is detachably mounted.

An elevating means 28 and a moving means 30 are provided on the stair form 22 in a detachable manner.

In this embodiment, the elevating means 28 is connected to the inner wall 32 of the communication tunnel 14 or the inspection corridor 18 and the stair form 2.
2 is a chain block detachably attached to the chain block 2.

The moving means 30 includes a trolley 34 suspended from a chain block serving as the elevating means 28, a moving rail 36 which moves by engaging with the trolley 34, and a staircase formwork. Move with 22,
And a hoisting mechanism 38 installed at the leading end of the staircase form 22 in the moving direction.

More specifically, when the stair form 22 is moved, first, the moving rail 36 as the moving means 30 and the trolley 34 are lowered by the chain block as the elevating means 28, and then the moving rail 36 and the stairs are moved. Formwork 2
After moving the moving rail 36 together with the stair form 22, the moving rail 36 is moved in the moving direction (upward) by the hoisting mechanism 38.

In the drawings, reference numeral 40 denotes a concrete-cast floor of the communication tunnel 14 or the inspection corridor 18, reference numeral 42 denotes a bolt for fixing the stair form 22 to the floor 40, and reference numeral 44 denotes an adjustment of the stair form 22. Reference numeral 46 denotes a bracket, reference numeral 46 denotes a bracket, reference numeral 48 denotes a fastener for the drainage form 26, reference numeral 50 denotes a sheet pile, and reference numeral 52 denotes concrete.

Using the present device, each adjacent tunnel 12
Emergency evacuation and inspection contact tunnel 14 located between
Alternatively, a method of constructing the stairs 20 provided in the inspection corridor 18 for inspection provided inside the dam 16 will be described in detail below.

First, the communication tunnel 14 or the audit corridor 18
The stair form 22 is moved to a predetermined place in the inside.

At this time, first, the moving rail 36 and the trolley 34 as the moving means 30 are lowered by the chain block as the elevating means 28, and then the moving rail 36 and the stair form 22 are fixed. After being raised by 28, the moving rail 36 is moved together with the formwork 22 for stairs,
It is moved in the moving direction by the hoisting mechanism 38.

Next, the stair form 22 is connected to the connecting tunnel 1.
4 or the concrete floor of the inspection corridor 18 is placed at a distance corresponding to the stairs 20 to be built, and then the stair form 22 is fixed to the floor surface with fixing bolts 42. Fix to 40.

At this time, the fastening between the stair form 22 and the moving rail 36 as the moving means 30 is released.

Next, on both sides of the stair form 22 in the width direction,
The drainage formwork 26 is provided.

Next, the drainage groove formwork 26, the staircase formwork 22 and the inner wall 3 of the communication tunnel 14 or the inspection corridor 18 will be described.
2. The space between the floor surface 40 and the floor surface 40 is covered with a sheet pile 50, a wife board, or the like (a wife stop).

The lower edge (the lower side in FIG. 1) of the staircase formwork 22 is overlapped with the upper surface of the already built staircase.

At this time, in order to improve the strength of the stairs 20 to be constructed, a reinforcing material such as a reinforcing bar (not shown) is provided between the stair form 22 and the floor surface 40 of the communication tunnel 14 or the inspection corridor 18. It is desirable to arrange them.

Next, concrete 52 is removed from the upper side (upper side in FIG. 1) of the stair form 22 and the opening of the stair form 22 with the cover 24 opened. Alternatively, it is cast in the entire area between the floor 40 and the inspection corridor 18.

At this time, the concrete upper surface to be cast is
Due to the viscosity of the concrete 52 and the inclination of the floor surface 40, it is usual that the concrete 52 is inclined and does not become horizontal. However, by leaving the lid 24 at a required position open, buoyancy is given to the cast concrete 52. Then, the upper surface position of the cast concrete 52 is raised from the inclined position X shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 2 to the horizontal position Y shown by the dotted line, so that the stairs 20 to be built can be made higher quality (precision).

In addition, a vibrating tool (not shown) is inserted from the opened opening of the lid 24 according to the amount of concrete to be poured, and the poured concrete is vibrated and compacted to cure the concrete after curing. The strength and durability of concrete (stairs) can be improved.

Next, after curing of the poured concrete, the fixing of the stair form 22 and the floor surface 40 and the fixing of the stair form 22 and the drain form 26 are released. Frame 22,
26 is demolded.

By removing the molds 22 and 26, the stairs 20 having the drain grooves 25 are constructed.

Next, the trolley 34 as the moving means 30 and the moving rail 36 are moved down by the elevating means 28, and the moving rail 36 and the stair form 22 are fixed to each other. With the moving rail 36,
The stair form 22 is moved to the next process position.

At this time, the chain block as the elevating means 28 and the trolley 34 as the moving means 30 have an interval corresponding to the length of one movement of the stair form 22, that is, twice the total length of the stair form 22. At predetermined intervals,
After moving the staircase formwork 22, the staircase formwork 22 uses the chain block and the trolley 34 at the place where the stairs have been constructed.
Are sequentially moved and used, the number of chain blocks and trolleys 34 used can be reduced, and costs can be drastically reduced.

As described above, according to the method and the apparatus of the present invention, it is not necessary to manufacture, assemble, and remove a wooden frame on site as in the related art, and a single stair form 22 is continuously used. Therefore, the workability is excellent, and the construction period can be greatly reduced.

The stair form 22 and the connecting tunnel 14
Or concrete 52 between the floor 40 of the inspection corridor 18
At the time of placing, the buoyancy is imparted to the cast concrete 52 by opening the lid 24 which is freely openable and closable on the staircase formwork 22 as necessary.
Is reliably raised to the horizontal position Y, and the stairs 20 to be constructed can be made higher in quality (precision).

In this embodiment, the communication tunnel 14 or the inspection corridor 18 is a substantially semicircular tunnel structure.
It may be circular or another shape.

Further, drainage formwork 26 is provided on both sides of the step formwork 22 in the width direction.
Although drain grooves 25 are constructed on both sides of the stairs 20, it is obvious that the drain groove formwork 26 is omitted when the drain grooves are not constructed.

Although the elevating means 28 of the staircase formwork 22 is a chain block, any other mechanism can be freely used as long as the mechanism is capable of elevating and lowering.

The moving means 30 of the staircase formwork 22 comprises a trolley 34, a moving rail 36 and a hoisting mechanism 38, but any other mechanism can be freely used as long as it is movable. It is.

The stairs 20 constructed by the method and the apparatus according to the present invention are provided in the communication tunnel 14 or the inspection corridor 18, but are provided on an inclined slope such as a mountain. It is obvious that can also be constructed.

[0043]

According to the method and the apparatus for constructing a staircase according to the present invention, a form for a staircase which is disposed so as to be able to ascend, descend, and move freely in a communication tunnel or an inspection corridor, and has a lid which can be opened and closed upward. Is fixed at a predetermined distance from the floor of the communication tunnel or audit corridor, and concrete is struck between the floor and the formwork for the stairs while opening the lid as necessary. After setting, the concrete is cured and hardened, and the stairs are built off by removing the formwork.
There is no need to manufacture, assemble, and remove a wooden frame on site as in the past, and it is possible to build a single staircase form continuously, and it is excellent in workability and greatly shortens the construction period. be able to.

When the concrete is poured, buoyancy is imparted to the cast concrete by opening the lid which can be freely opened and closed on the stair formwork as required, so that the upper surface of the cast concrete can be obtained. The position can be reliably raised to a horizontal position, and the stairs to be constructed can be of higher quality (precision) without the need for the operator to perform ironing work.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a stair building apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of a portion A in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the stair building apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view of a portion B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of a main part when the stair form is moved.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a main part of the stair form, in which a left part from the center shows a cover opened state, and a right part from the center shows a lid closed state.

7A is a front view showing a communication tunnel, and FIG. 7B is a front view showing an inspection corridor.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a conventional staircase construction state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Tunnel 14 Communication tunnel 16 Dam 18 Audit hall 20 Stairs 22 Formwork for stairs 24 Lid 28 Elevating means 30 Transportation means 40 Floor surface (of communication tunnel 14 or audit hall 18) 52 Concrete

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tsutomu Kitagawa 144, 14-14, Masamasa, Motosu-gun, Gifu Gifu Kogyo Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 2D055 CA08 DA01

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A communication tunnel (14) or a dam (16) for emergency evacuation and inspection disposed between adjacent tunnels (12).
In the method of constructing the stairs (20) to be installed in the inspection corridor (18) for inspection, it is installed in the communication tunnel (14) or the audit corridor (18) so as to be able to move up and down and move freely. A stair form (22) provided with a lid (24) that can be opened and closed at the top and at a predetermined distance from the connecting tunnel (14) or the floor (40) of the audit corridor (18). After opening the lid (24) if necessary, the floor (40) of the connecting tunnel (14) or the audit corridor (18) and the formwork for stairs (22) are opened. After placing the concrete (52), the concrete (52) is cured and hardened, and the stair form (22) is removed from the stairs (20) in the communication tunnel (14) or the audit corridor (18). A stair building method, comprising: 2. A tunnel (14) or a dam (16) for emergency evacuation and inspection disposed between adjacent tunnels (12).
In a device that constructs a staircase (20) installed in an inspection corridor (18) installed inside, a lid that can be opened and closed upwards
A staircase formwork (22) equipped with a staircase formwork (22) is provided in the communication tunnel (14) or the inspection corridor (18) so as to be able to move up and down and move freely. 14) or the floor (40) of the audit corridor (18), with a predetermined distance between them, then open the lid (24) as necessary, and open the communication tunnel (14) or audit. After placing concrete (52) between the floor (40) of the corridor (18) and the formwork for stairs (22), the concrete (52) is cured and hardened, and the formwork for stairs (22) is removed. A staircase construction device characterized by constructing a staircase (20) in a communication tunnel (14) or an audit corridor (18) by molding.