JP5560815B2 - Clinker adhesion inhibitor and clinker adhesion prevention method - Google Patents
Clinker adhesion inhibitor and clinker adhesion prevention method Download PDFInfo
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical class OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IHGWHZVHHHLEQR-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimagnesium oxygen(2-) carbonate Chemical compound C([O-])([O-])=O.[Mg+2].[O-2].[Mg+2] IHGWHZVHHHLEQR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Description
本発明はクリンカー付着防止剤及びクリンカーの付着防止方法に係り、特に廃棄物焼却炉、廃棄物溶融炉（特にガス化溶融炉）、廃棄物発電施設等の燃焼炉内や、排ガス煙道、熱交換部（廃熱ボイラ、スーパーヒーター、空気予熱器）等における付着物（以下「クリンカー」と称す。）を効果的に防止ないしは低減して、当該熱交換部等におけるクリンカーに起因する腐食や閉塞、伝熱阻害の低減、冷房設備における負荷の低減を図るクリンカー付着防止剤及びクリンカーの付着防止方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a clinker adhesion inhibitor and a clinker adhesion prevention method, and more particularly in a waste incinerator, a waste melting furnace (particularly a gasification melting furnace), a combustion furnace such as a waste power generation facility, an exhaust gas flue, a heat Corrosion and blockage caused by clinker in the heat exchange section etc. by effectively preventing or reducing deposits (hereinafter referred to as “clinker”) in the exchange section (waste heat boiler, super heater, air preheater), etc. The present invention relates to a clinker adhesion preventing agent and a clinker adhesion preventing method for reducing heat transfer inhibition and reducing a load in a cooling facility.
廃棄物焼却炉、廃棄物溶融炉（特にガス化溶融炉）、廃棄物発電施設（廃プラスチック、シュレッダー、廃タイヤ等の廃棄物、ＲＤＦ／ＲＰＦ等のゴミ固形燃料又はバイオマス発電等の廃棄物由来の燃料による発電施設）等の燃焼炉やその排ガス煙道、特に、これらの熱交換部（廃熱ボイラ、スーパーヒーター、空気予熱器）においては、排ガス中の成分に由来する付着物が付着、成長して堆積することにより、様々な障害をもたらす。 Waste incinerators, waste melting furnaces (especially gasification melting furnaces), waste power generation facilities (waste plastics, shredders, waste tires, etc., waste solid fuels such as RDF / RPF, or biomass power generation) In a combustion furnace such as a power generation facility) and its exhaust gas flue, especially in these heat exchange parts (waste heat boiler, super heater, air preheater), deposits derived from components in the exhaust gas adhere, Growing and depositing causes various obstacles.
このクリンカーの付着現象は、被燃焼原料由来の成分と燃焼助剤の成分などが反応して生成した化合物が周辺温度より低い融点を持った場合に、灰分が溶融、溶着して、ボイラ内壁などの熱交換部に付着、成長することによるものである。特に、熱交換部への付着物は、主に排ガス中のＳＯｘ、特にＳＯ２が酸化されてＳＯ３、ＳＯ４になることにより生成した硫酸化合物（芒硝、石膏など）が３００〜９００℃付近に融点を持つため、熱交換部で溶融、溶着することが原因と考えられている。これらクリンカーの付着現象は、伝熱阻害、熱交換部チューブの腐食、チューブ間の閉塞など種々の障害を引き起こし、安定運転を阻害する原因となり得る現象であることから、従来より大きな問題となっていた。 This clinker adhesion phenomenon is caused by the fact that the ash is melted and welded when the compound produced by the reaction of the components derived from the combusted raw material and the combustion auxiliary component has a melting point lower than the ambient temperature. It is because it adheres to the heat exchange part and grows. In particular, the adhering matter to the heat exchange part is mainly composed of SOx in exhaust gas, especially sulfuric acid compounds (eg, sodium sulfate, gypsum, etc.) generated by oxidation of SO 2 to SO 3 and SO 4 in the vicinity of 300 to 900 ° C. It is considered that this is caused by melting and welding in the heat exchange part. These clinker adhesion phenomena cause various obstacles such as heat transfer inhibition, corrosion of heat exchange tubes, and blockage between tubes, and can cause stable operation. It was.
この問題に対して、特に廃棄物焼却施設などでは、数週間に一度、設備の運転を止めてボイラ内などに作業員が入り、付着している灰分を剥離する清掃作業を行っている。しかし、この清掃作業の頻度が上がることで清掃によるコストも高騰する上に、設備停止による熱交換器の熱回収効率が低下し、本来の発電効率が得られない等の問題が生じている。また、このような清掃作業を行っていても、場合によっては熱交換器のチューブ等のクリンカー付着部に腐食が生じ、運転の停止を余儀なくされるケースも見受けられる。 In response to this problem, particularly in a waste incineration facility or the like, once every few weeks, the operation of the facility is stopped and a worker enters the boiler and the like, and a cleaning operation is performed to remove the attached ash. However, as the frequency of this cleaning operation increases, the cost of cleaning increases, and the heat recovery efficiency of the heat exchanger due to the facility stoppage decreases, and the original power generation efficiency cannot be obtained. Even when such a cleaning operation is performed, in some cases, corrosion may occur in the clinker adhesion portion such as a tube of a heat exchanger, and the operation may be stopped.
近年、燃焼設備において、煙道にクリンカー付着防止剤を噴霧したり、燃料にクリンカー付着防止剤を添加して燃焼させたりすることによって、クリンカーの付着性の低減やクリンカーの剥離や脆弱化の促進を図り、クリンカー付着による障害を低減する試みがなされている。 In recent years, in combustion facilities, spraying a clinker anti-adhesive agent on the flue or adding a clinker anti-adhesive agent to the fuel and burning it reduces clinker adhesion and promotes clinker debonding and weakening Attempts have been made to reduce the damage caused by clinker adhesion.
例えば、特許文献１においては、廃棄物焼却炉、廃棄物溶融炉又は廃棄物発電施設において、マグネシウム、鉄、及びケイ素よりなる群から選ばれる１種又は２種以上を含む排ガス処理剤を、煙道、ボイラ、空気予熱器、減温塔、及び空気加熱器のいずれかの部位に注入することにより、排ガスライン、特に熱交換部（廃熱ボイラ、スーパーヒーター、空気予熱器）等における排ガス中成分に由来する付着物を効果的に低減する方法が開示されている。 For example, in Patent Document 1, in a waste incinerator, a waste melting furnace, or a waste power generation facility, an exhaust gas treatment agent containing one or more selected from the group consisting of magnesium, iron, and silicon is smoked. By injecting into any part of the road, boiler, air preheater, cooling tower, and air heater, exhaust gas in exhaust gas line, especially heat exchange part (waste heat boiler, super heater, air preheater) etc. A method for effectively reducing deposits derived from components is disclosed.
また、特許文献２においては、粒径０．１〜１０μｍのＭｇ化合物、Ｓｉ化合物又はＦｅ化合物の粉末と、粒径３〜２００ｎｍの超微粒子状のシリカ化合物と、アルカリ金属化合物とを水及び／又は油に分散させた組成物よりなるスラッギング防止用の燃料添加剤が開示されている。 In Patent Document 2, Mg compound, Si compound or Fe compound powder having a particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm, ultrafine silica compound having a particle size of 3 to 200 nm, and an alkali metal compound are mixed with water and / Alternatively, a fuel additive for preventing slagging comprising a composition dispersed in oil is disclosed.
しかし、上記従来のクリンカー防止技術だけでは未だ十分かつ確実なクリンカー付着抑制効果が得られているとはいえない。 However, it cannot be said that the conventional clinker prevention technology alone still provides a sufficient and reliable clinker adhesion suppression effect.
本発明は、燃焼炉又は燃焼炉からの排ガスに添加して、クリンカー付着防止ないし抑制効果を有効に発揮するクリンカー付着防止剤と、このクリンカー付着防止剤を用いたクリンカーの付着防止方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention provides a clinker adhesion preventing agent that effectively exerts a clinker adhesion prevention or suppression effect when added to a combustion furnace or exhaust gas from a combustion furnace, and a clinker adhesion prevention method using the clinker adhesion prevention agent. For the purpose.
本発明者は、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果、従来技術では十分なクリンカー付着防止効果が得られない理由として、次のようなことを見出した。
即ち、従来においてはクリンカー付着防止剤の粒子径の最適化がなされていないため、燃焼炉又は燃焼炉排ガスに添加されたクリンカー付着防止剤は、排ガス流に乗ってボイラ水管等のクリンカー付着箇所に到達するものの、薬剤のほとんどがクリンカー付着箇所やクリンカーに堆積することなくガス流に乗ったまま通り抜けてしまい、薬剤のクリンカーへの混入量が少なく、効果的にクリンカー付着が抑制できないという問題が生じていた。
また、クリンカー付着防止剤がクリンカーに混入されても、クリンカーと薬剤の比重の差が小さい場合には、クリンカーの脆弱化効果が小さいものとなっていた。
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has found the following as a reason why the conventional technique cannot provide a sufficient clinker adhesion preventing effect.
In other words, since the particle size of the clinker adhesion inhibitor has not been optimized in the past, the clinker adhesion inhibitor added to the combustion furnace or the combustion furnace exhaust gas rides on the exhaust gas flow to the clinker adhesion site such as a boiler water pipe. Although it reaches, most of the drug passes through the gas flow without depositing on the clinker adhesion site and clinker, and there is a problem that the amount of drug mixed into the clinker is small and the clinker adhesion cannot be effectively suppressed. It was.
Further, even when the clinker adhesion preventing agent is mixed in the clinker, if the difference in specific gravity between the clinker and the drug is small, the clinker weakening effect is small.
本発明者は、上記知見に鑑み、クリンカー付着防止剤の粒子径と嵩密度を調整することにより、クリンカー付着防止剤をスムーズに排ガス流に乗せてクリンカー付着箇所に到達させ、かつ効率良くクリンカー付着箇所やクリンカーに堆積させて、クリンカーへのクリンカー付着防止剤の混入量をより多くすると共に、優れた焼結遅延効果を得ることができることを見出した。
本発明はこのような知見に基いて達成されたものであり、以下を要旨とする。
In view of the above knowledge, the present inventor adjusts the particle size and bulk density of the clinker adhesion preventing agent so that the clinker adhesion preventing agent is smoothly put on the exhaust gas flow and reaches the clinker adhesion site, and the clinker adhesion is efficiently performed. The present inventors have found that it is possible to obtain an excellent sintering delay effect while increasing the amount of the clinker adhesion preventing agent mixed into the clinker by depositing on the clinker.
The present invention has been achieved on the basis of such findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
［１］ 燃焼炉又は燃焼炉からの排ガスに添加してクリンカーの付着を防止するクリンカー付着防止剤において、マグネシウム化合物を含み、ＪＩＳ Ｒ １６２８における嵩密度が０．１〜０．９ｇ／ｍｌで、平均粒子径ｄ５０が１〜２０μｍであることを特徴とするクリンカー付着防止剤。 [1] A clinker adhesion inhibitor that is added to a combustion furnace or exhaust gas from a combustion furnace to prevent clinker adhesion, includes a magnesium compound, and has a bulk density of 0.1 to 0.9 g / ml in JIS R 1628, A clinker adhesion preventing agent having an average particle diameter d50 of 1 to 20 μm.
［２］ ［１］において、予め６００℃以上で加熱処理されていることを特徴とするクリンカー付着防止剤。 [2] The clinker adhesion preventing agent according to [1], which is preheated at 600 ° C. or higher.
［３］ ［２］において、６００℃以上での加熱処理により、加熱処理前の嵩密度に対して嵩密度が２５％以上低下することを特徴とするクリンカー付着防止剤。 [3] The clinker adhesion preventing agent according to [2], wherein the bulk density decreases by 25% or more with respect to the bulk density before the heat treatment by heat treatment at 600 ° C. or higher.
［４］ マグネシウム化合物を含み、ＪＩＳ Ｒ １６２８における嵩密度が０．１〜０．９ｇ／ｍｌで、平均粒子径ｄ５０が１〜２０μｍであるクリンカー付着防止剤を、燃焼炉又は燃焼炉からの排ガス中に添加することを特徴とするクリンカー付着防止方法。 [4] A clinker adhesion inhibitor containing a magnesium compound and having a bulk density of 0.1 to 0.9 g / ml and an average particle diameter d50 of 1 to 20 μm in JIS R 1628 is used as an exhaust gas from a combustion furnace or a combustion furnace. A method for preventing clinker adhesion, which is added to the inside.
［５］ ［４］において、前記クリンカー付着防止剤は、予め６００℃以上で加熱処理されたものであることを特徴とするクリンカー付着防止方法。
［６］ ［５］において、前記クリンカー付着防止剤は、６００℃以上の加熱処理により、加熱処理前の嵩密度に対して嵩密度が２５％以上低下することを特徴とするクリンカーの付着防止方法。
[5] The clinker adhesion preventing method according to [4], wherein the clinker adhesion preventing agent is preheated at 600 ° C. or higher.
[6] The method for preventing adhesion of clinker according to [5], wherein the clinker adhesion preventing agent has a bulk density reduced by 25% or more with respect to the bulk density before the heat treatment by heat treatment at 600 ° C. or higher. .
粒子径と嵩密度が適切に制御された本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤であれば、次のような作用効果により、優れたクリンカー付着防止ないし抑制効果を得ることができる。 With the clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention in which the particle size and bulk density are appropriately controlled, excellent clinker adhesion prevention or suppression effects can be obtained by the following effects.
即ち、所定の粒子径の本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤は、燃焼炉又は燃焼炉からの排ガスに添加された際、排ガス流に乗って円滑にクリンカー付着箇所に到達し、かつ効率良くクリンカー付着箇所やクリンカーに堆積して、クリンカーにより多く混入して本来のクリンカーの付着抑制効果を有効に発揮させることができる。
また、嵩密度が適切に制御された本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤では、以下のようなクリンカーの焼結遅延効果で従来品と比較してクリンカーをより柔らかく改質することができ、改質したクリンカーは、自重やスートブローで簡単に剥離し、クリンカーが容易に崩壊するため、クリンカーが堆積することによる閉塞トラブルも減少させることができる。
即ち、クリンカーが炉内で硬くなる要因は焼結による影響が大きいが、本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤を添加することにより、クリンカー内で良好な焼結遅延効果が得られる。そのメカニズムは、薬剤粒子の嵩密度が小さいため、クリンカー中の空隙率を大きくすることができることによる。焼結は粒子と粒子の空間を小さくしようとする現象であるため、空隙率が大きいほど焼結速度は遅くなる。本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤では、この現象を利用してクリンカーが焼結により固化する速度を遅延させてクリンカーを柔らかく改質する。
That is, the clinker adhesion inhibitor of the present invention having a predetermined particle diameter, when added to the combustion furnace or the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace, smoothly reaches the clinker adhesion site on the exhaust gas flow, and efficiently clinker adhesion site. It can be deposited on the clinker and mixed more with the clinker to effectively exert the original clinker adhesion suppression effect.
In addition, the clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention in which the bulk density is appropriately controlled can modify the clinker softer than the conventional product due to the sintering delay effect of the clinker as described below. The clinker is easily peeled off by its own weight or soot blow, and the clinker is easily disintegrated, so that the blockage trouble caused by the clinker deposits can be reduced.
That is, the factor that makes the clinker hard in the furnace is greatly influenced by sintering, but by adding the clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention, a good sintering delay effect can be obtained in the clinker. The mechanism is due to the fact that the void density in the clinker can be increased because the bulk density of the drug particles is small. Sintering is a phenomenon that attempts to reduce the space between particles, so that the larger the porosity, the slower the sintering rate. In the clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention, this phenomenon is used to softly modify the clinker by delaying the rate at which the clinker is solidified by sintering.
本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤では、このように、適切な粒子径であることによるクリンカーへの歩留り向上効果と、適切な嵩密度であることによる優れたクリンカーの焼結遅延効果とで、従来よりも少ない添加量でより高いクリンカーの付着防止ないし抑制効果を得ることができる。 In the clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention, as described above, the yield improvement effect on the clinker due to the appropriate particle size and the excellent sintering delay effect of the clinker due to the appropriate bulk density, In addition, a higher clinker adhesion prevention or suppression effect can be obtained with a small addition amount.
本発明によれば、焼却炉、溶融炉、回収炉、発電設備の煙道や熱交換部（廃熱ボイラ、スーパーヒーター、空気予熱器）へのクリンカーの付着を低減ないし抑制し、特に熱交換部におけるクリンカーに起因する腐食や伝熱阻害の低減、冷却設備における負荷低減、とりわけ、熱交換器伝熱面における伝熱阻害や基材腐食の抑制、及び灰分の付着によるプラント内の閉塞防止を図ることができ、長期に亘り、安定した運転を維持することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, the adhesion of clinker to incinerators, melting furnaces, recovery furnaces, flues and heat exchangers (waste heat boilers, super heaters, air preheaters) of power generation equipment is reduced or suppressed, and in particular heat exchange. Reduction of corrosion and heat transfer inhibition due to clinker in the area, reduction of load in cooling equipment, especially prevention of heat transfer and substrate corrosion on the heat exchanger heat transfer surface, and prevention of blockage in the plant due to adhesion of ash Therefore, stable operation can be maintained for a long time.
以下に本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤は、マグネシウム化合物を含むものであり、そのマグネシウム化合物としては、例えば炭酸マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酢酸マグネシウム、ドロマイト等が挙げられるが、これらのうち、炭酸マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウムがクリンカー付着防止効果が高く、好ましい。
これらのマグネシウム化合物は、１種を単独で用いてもよく、２種以上を併用してもよい。
The clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention contains a magnesium compound, and examples of the magnesium compound include magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium acetate, dolomite, etc. Among these, magnesium carbonate Magnesium oxide is preferable because it has a high clinker adhesion preventing effect.
These magnesium compounds may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤は、マグネシウム化合物を必須成分とするものであるが、マグネシウム化合物以外の他の薬剤、例えば、シリカや鉄系化合物、その他酸性ガス中和剤等を含有していても良い。ただし、本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤は、マグネシウム化合物によるクリンカーの焼結防止効果を有効に得る上で、全クリンカー付着防止剤の５０重量％以上はマグネシウム化合物であることが好ましい。 The clinker adhesion preventive agent of the present invention contains a magnesium compound as an essential component, but may contain other agents other than the magnesium compound, for example, silica, iron-based compounds, other acid gas neutralizing agents, and the like. good. However, the clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention is preferably a magnesium compound in which 50% by weight or more of the total clinker adhesion preventing agent is effective in effectively obtaining the clinker sintering preventing effect of the magnesium compound.
マグネシウム化合物、或いは必要に応じて配合されるマグネシウム化合物以外の薬剤を含む本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤は、ＪＩＳ Ｒ １６２８における嵩密度が０．１〜０．９ｇ／ｍｌであることを特徴とする。この嵩密度が大き過ぎると、本発明によるクリンカーの焼結遅延効果を十分に得ることができない。ただし、嵩密度が過度に小さいとクリンカー付着防止剤がクリンカー付着箇所にて慣性衝突しにくくなり、クリンカー付着箇所へ効率良く歩留まらなくなる。クリンカー付着防止剤の嵩密度は、０．１５〜０．８５ｇ／ｍｌであることが好ましく、０．２〜０．６ｇ／ｍｌであることがさらに好ましい。 The clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention containing a magnesium compound or a drug other than a magnesium compound blended as necessary has a bulk density of 0.1 to 0.9 g / ml in JIS R 1628. . When this bulk density is too large, the sintering delay effect of the clinker according to the present invention cannot be sufficiently obtained. However, when the bulk density is excessively small, the clinker adhesion preventing agent is less likely to collide with inertia at the clinker adhesion site, and the yield does not efficiently reach the clinker adhesion site. The bulk density of the clinker adhesion preventing agent is preferably 0.15 to 0.85 g / ml, and more preferably 0.2 to 0.6 g / ml.
また、マグネシウム化合物、或いは必要に応じて配合されるマグネシウム化合物以外の薬剤を含む本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤は、平均粒子径ｄ５０が１〜２０μｍであることを特徴とする。この平均粒子径ｄ５０が大き過ぎても小さ過ぎても本発明によるクリンカーへの歩留り向上効果を十分に得ることができない。クリンカー付着防止剤の平均粒子径ｄ５０は、０．１〜２０μｍであることが好ましく、１〜１２μｍであることがさらに好ましい。 Moreover, the clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention containing a magnesium compound or a drug other than the magnesium compound blended as necessary has an average particle diameter d50 of 1 to 20 μm. If the average particle diameter d50 is too large or too small, the yield improving effect on the clinker according to the present invention cannot be sufficiently obtained. The average particle diameter d50 of the clinker adhesion preventing agent is preferably 0.1 to 20 μm, and more preferably 1 to 12 μm.
本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤は燃焼炉又は燃焼炉の排ガスへの添加に先立ち、６００℃以上、好ましくは６００〜１２００℃で予め加熱処理されたものであってもよい。即ち、本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤は加熱処理により、上記嵩密度に調整されたものであってもよく、加熱処理により嵩密度を小さくしてより一層良好なクリンカー付着防止効果を得ることができる。この加熱温度が低過ぎると加熱処理による嵩密度低減効果を十分に得ることができず、高過ぎると加熱コストが高騰し好ましくない。 The clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention may be preheated at 600 ° C. or higher, preferably 600 to 1200 ° C. prior to addition to the combustion furnace or the exhaust gas of the combustion furnace. That is, the clinker adhesion preventing agent of the present invention may be adjusted to the above-mentioned bulk density by heat treatment, and a further better clinker adhesion preventing effect can be obtained by reducing the bulk density by heat treatment. . If the heating temperature is too low, the effect of reducing the bulk density by the heat treatment cannot be obtained sufficiently, and if it is too high, the heating cost increases, which is not preferable.
この場合、加熱処理は空気中でも不活性ガス中でもよく、真空中であってもよい。また、加熱処理時間には特に制限はないが、短か過ぎると加熱処理による嵩密度低減効果を十分に得ることができず、長過ぎてもそれに見合う嵩密度の低減効果は得られないことから、０．５〜２時間程度とすることが好ましい。 In this case, the heat treatment may be performed in air, in an inert gas, or in a vacuum. Also, the heat treatment time is not particularly limited, but if it is too short, the effect of reducing the bulk density due to the heat treatment cannot be obtained sufficiently, and if it is too long, the effect of reducing the bulk density corresponding to it cannot be obtained. , And preferably about 0.5 to 2 hours.
このような加熱処理を行う場合、加熱処理により、加熱処理前の嵩密度に対して、嵩密度が２５％以上低下する薬剤であることが好ましい（以下、この加熱処理による嵩密度の低下率を「嵩密度の加熱処理低下率」と称す。）。この嵩密度の加熱処理低下率が２５％未満の薬剤では、加熱処理による嵩密度低下の効果が低く、加熱処理コストに見合う効果が得られない。嵩密度の加熱処理低下率は大きい程、加熱処理を行う薬剤として好適であり、より好ましくは嵩密度の加熱処理低下率は３５％以上であるが、通常のマグネシウム系薬剤の嵩密度の加熱処理低下率の上限は１０％程度である。 When such heat treatment is performed, it is preferable that the heat treatment is a chemical whose bulk density is reduced by 25% or more with respect to the bulk density before the heat treatment (hereinafter, the reduction rate of the bulk density due to this heat treatment is referred to as a drug). This is referred to as “bulk density heat treatment reduction rate”). With a drug having a heat treatment reduction rate of the bulk density of less than 25%, the effect of reducing the bulk density by the heat treatment is low, and an effect commensurate with the heat treatment cost cannot be obtained. The larger the heat treatment decrease rate of the bulk density, the more suitable as the chemical for the heat treatment. More preferably, the heat treatment decrease rate of the bulk density is 35% or more. The upper limit of the reduction rate is about 10%.
本発明のクリンカーの付着防止方法では、上述のような嵩密度及び平均粒子径ｄ５０を有するマグネシウム化合物を含むクリンカー付着防止剤を、粉末状又はスラリー状で燃焼炉又は燃焼炉からの排ガスに添加する。 In the clinker adhesion preventing method of the present invention, the clinker adhesion preventing agent containing the magnesium compound having the bulk density and the average particle diameter d50 as described above is added to the combustion furnace or the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace in the form of powder or slurry. .
クリンカー付着防止剤は、通常、クリンカー付着が問題となる箇所又はその前段（排ガス流路の上流側）に添加される。その添加箇所としては、具体的には、燃焼炉内、排ガス煙道、ボイラ、空気予熱器、減温塔、空気加熱器等のいずれか１以上が挙げられるが、特には、クリンカーの生成防止対象箇所の直前の煙道に添加するのが好ましい。 The clinker adhesion preventing agent is usually added to a place where clinker adhesion becomes a problem or to the preceding stage (upstream side of the exhaust gas flow path). Specific examples of the addition site include one or more of the inside of the combustion furnace, the exhaust gas flue, the boiler, the air preheater, the temperature reducing tower, the air heater, etc. In particular, the generation of clinker is prevented. It is preferable to add to the flue immediately before the target site.
クリンカー付着防止剤の添加量は、クリンカーの付着傾向や添加箇所等によっても異なるが、排ガス煙道に添加する場合は、排ガス中の飛散煤塵量の５〜３０重量％とすると好ましい。また、燃焼炉に投入される燃料に添加する場合は燃料の灰分に対して５〜３０重量％とするのが好ましい。クリンカー付着防止剤の添加量が少な過ぎると十分なクリンカー付着防止ないし抑制効果を得ることができず、多過ぎても添加量に見合う効果を得ることができず、不経済である。 The addition amount of the clinker adhesion inhibitor varies depending on the tendency of clinker adhesion and the addition location, but when added to the exhaust gas flue, it is preferably 5 to 30% by weight of the amount of scattered dust in the exhaust gas. Moreover, when adding to the fuel put into a combustion furnace, it is preferable to set it as 5 to 30 weight% with respect to the ash content of a fuel. If the addition amount of the clinker adhesion inhibitor is too small, a sufficient clinker adhesion prevention or suppression effect cannot be obtained, and if too large, an effect commensurate with the addition amount cannot be obtained, which is uneconomical.
クリンカー付着防止剤の添加方法は連続添加でも良いし、１日当たり１〜１０回、１回当たり数分〜数時間の間欠注入でも良い。本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤は付着物の脆化効果、剥離効果でクリンカーの付着堆積を防止するものであるため、間欠注入でもクリンカー付着防止剤を添加することで、嵩密度が低く、付着力の弱い付着層が形成されれば、その上に形成された嵩密度が高く、付着力の強いクリンカーの自重でクリンカーが剥離するという効果が狙える。また、連続添加することで付着物を脆化させることができれば、例えばボイラ等ではスートブローによる物理的作用を併用することでクリンカーを容易に剥離することが可能になる。 The addition method of the clinker adhesion preventing agent may be continuous addition or intermittent injection of 1 to 10 times per day, several minutes to several hours per time. The clinker anti-adhesive agent of the present invention prevents the clinker from adhering and depositing due to the embrittlement effect and delamination effect of the adhering matter. If a weak adhesion layer is formed, the effect is that the clinker is peeled off by the weight of the clinker having a high bulk density and a strong adhesion force. Further, if the deposit can be embrittled by continuous addition, for example, in a boiler or the like, the clinker can be easily peeled by using a physical action by soot blow.
クリンカー付着防止剤の添加装置の設置には、予め設備内のクリンカー付着箇所を確認しておき、その近辺にノズル設置口を加工して設ける。但し、予めスートブローのライン、点検用のフランジなど、ノズル設置口に代用できるものがあれば加工の必要はない。ノズルの設置口を確保したら、炉を立ち上げる前にクリンカー付着防止剤の添加装置を設置し、炉が立ち上った後、暫くして炉内の運転が安定した段階でクリンカー付着防止剤を噴霧し始める。 In installing the clinker adhesion inhibitor adding device, a clinker adhesion site in the facility is confirmed in advance, and a nozzle installation port is processed and provided in the vicinity thereof. However, if there is a substitute for the nozzle installation port, such as a soot blow line or a flange for inspection, there is no need for processing. After securing the nozzle installation port, install a clinker anti-adhesive agent addition device before starting up the furnace, and after the furnace has started up, spray the clinker anti-adhesion agent at a stage where the operation in the furnace has stabilized. start.
クリンカー付着防止剤は、これを定量供給した後、コンプレッサー、ブロアなどでクリンカー付着防止剤を圧送するか、又は既設の冷却用空気、助燃用空気を用いる場合もコンプレッサー、ブロアなどで冷却用空気、助燃用空気配管にライン注入して移送する方法を採用することができる。また、ロードセル等で重量測定し、測定値からフィーダーなどの供給部を制御するフィードバック方式で所定量のクリンカー付着防止剤の供給を行っても良い。 After the clinker adhesion inhibitor is supplied in a fixed amount, the clinker adhesion inhibitor is pressure-fed by a compressor, a blower or the like, or even when existing cooling air or auxiliary combustion air is used, the cooling air by the compressor or blower, It is possible to adopt a method in which a line is injected into the auxiliary combustion air pipe and transferred. Alternatively, a predetermined amount of the clinker adhesion preventing agent may be supplied by a feedback method in which the weight is measured with a load cell or the like and a supply unit such as a feeder is controlled from the measured value.
本発明のクリンカー付着防止剤は、他の粉末状又は液体状のクリンカー付着防止剤と共に使用することができるが、その場合、特定の平均粒子径ｄ５０及び嵩密度の薬剤を用いることによる本発明の効果を有効に発揮させるために、平均粒子径ｄ５０や嵩密度が異なる他の粉末状の薬剤や液体状の薬剤とは別に添加することが好ましい。 The clinker anti-adhesive agent of the present invention can be used together with other powdery or liquid clinker anti-adhesive agents. In order to effectively exert the effect, it is preferable to add them separately from other powdery drugs and liquid drugs having different average particle diameters d50 and bulk densities.
以下に、実際の燃焼炉又は燃焼炉からの排ガスへの添加を模擬する、クリンカー破砕物の焼結防止効果を評価する実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples for evaluating the sintering prevention effect of clinker crushed material, which simulates addition to an actual combustion furnace or exhaust gas from a combustion furnace.
［実施例１〜９、比較例１〜３］
クリンカー破砕物に、表１に示す平均粒子径ｄ５０及び嵩密度のマグネシウム化合物を、表１に示す割合（クリンカー破砕物に対する重量割合）で添加混合し、８ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２の圧力をかけて圧縮成型したものを加熱炉で８００℃（クリンカー付着箇所雰囲気温度）で１時間加熱した。
その後、常温に冷却した各サンプルを山中式土壌硬度計を用いて侵入深さを測定した。侵入深さｍｍを圧力に換算したものを圧縮強度（ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２）として求め、結果を表１に示した。
[Examples 1-9, Comparative Examples 1-3]
To the clinker crushed material, a magnesium compound having an average particle diameter d50 and a bulk density shown in Table 1 is added and mixed at a ratio shown in Table 1 (weight ratio with respect to the clinker crushed material), and compression molding is performed by applying a pressure of 8 kgf / cm 2. The resulting product was heated in a heating furnace at 800 ° C. (at the temperature of the clinker adhesion site) for 1 hour.
Thereafter, the penetration depth of each sample cooled to room temperature was measured using a Yamanaka soil hardness tester. The penetration depth mm converted to pressure was determined as the compressive strength (kgf / cm 2 ), and the results are shown in Table 1.
表１より、平均粒子径ｄ５０及び嵩密度が本発明の範囲内にあるマグネシウム化合物を用いることにより、クリンカー破砕物との圧縮成型焼結物の焼結強度を著しく低下させることができ、クリンカーを脆弱化してクリンカーの付着、堆積を有効に防止することができることが分かる。 From Table 1, by using a magnesium compound whose average particle diameter d50 and bulk density are within the scope of the present invention, the sintering strength of the compression molded sintered product with the clinker crushed material can be remarkably reduced. It can be seen that weakening can effectively prevent clinker adhesion and deposition.
［実施例１０〜１２］
比較例１、実施例５及び比較例３で用いたマグネシウム化合物を、１０００℃で１時間加熱したところ、表２に示すように嵩密度が低下した（平均粒子径ｄ５０はいずれも同等である。）。このように加熱処理により嵩密度が低下したマグネシウム化合物をクリンカー破砕物に添加したこと以外はそれぞれ比較例１（実施例１０）、実施例５（実施例１１）及び比較例３（実施例１２）と同様にして圧縮成型、加熱及び圧縮強度の評価を行い、結果を表２に示した。
[Examples 10 to 12]
When the magnesium compounds used in Comparative Example 1, Example 5 and Comparative Example 3 were heated at 1000 ° C. for 1 hour, the bulk density decreased as shown in Table 2 (the average particle diameter d50 is the same). ). Comparative Example 1 (Example 10), Example 5 (Example 11), and Comparative Example 3 (Example 12), respectively, except that the magnesium compound whose bulk density was reduced by heat treatment was added to the clinker crushed material. In the same manner as described above, compression molding, heating, and compression strength were evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 2.
表２より、加熱処理を行うことにより嵩密度が低減するマグネシウム化合物を予め加熱処理を行って嵩密度を小さくして用いることにより、クリンカー付着防止効果を向上させることができることが分かる。 It can be seen from Table 2 that the effect of preventing clinker adhesion can be improved by preliminarily using a magnesium compound whose bulk density is reduced by performing a heat treatment to reduce the bulk density.
Claims (6)
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