CN104949131A - Biomass garbage combustion system and method - Google Patents
Biomass garbage combustion system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104949131A CN104949131A CN201510419748.XA CN201510419748A CN104949131A CN 104949131 A CN104949131 A CN 104949131A CN 201510419748 A CN201510419748 A CN 201510419748A CN 104949131 A CN104949131 A CN 104949131A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/60—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/30—Sorption devices using carbon, e.g. coke
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a biomass garbage combustion system and method. The garbage combustion system comprises a first conveying device, a second conveying device, a circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator and a cyclone furnace, wherein the first conveying device and the second conveying device are communicated with a feeding port of the circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator respectively; the circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator is used for combusting biomass garbage primarily and is provided with a bottom slag discharging port and a smoke outlet, the bottom slag discharging port is used for discharging bottom slag after combustion in the circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator, and the smoke outlet is communicated with the cyclone furnace and used for guiding unburnt biomass and fly ash in the circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator into the cyclone furnace for combustion; the cyclone furnace is used for combusting materials entering the cyclone furnace secondarily, so that the biomass and the fly ash are molten into glass materials and discharged from the bottom, and produced smoke is guided out for follow-up treatment. The biomass garbage combustion system and method can effectively solve the problems of high probability of coking and ash accumulation, lower incineration temperature and the like caused by high content of alkali metal in the biomass.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection technical field, particularly relate to a kind of biomass garbage combustion system and method
Background technology
The inorganic elements that straw biological raw material comprises mainly contains potassium, sodium, chlorine, sulphur, calcium, silicon, phosphorus etc., and they are that biomass thermal chemical conversion utilizes in process the essential element causing slagging scorification, dust stratification.
According to the difference of the specific reactor type of the difference of the kind of inorganic elements contained in living beings, quantity, thermochemical study technique and employing, the problem that alkali metal causes has the various form of expression, such as:
1, under high-temp combustion environment, alkali metal and Inorganic thereof may become slag at freeze profile or enter gas phase, be deposited on heating surface, affect the thermal efficiency of boiler with the form of steam and fly ash granule, exchange hot side simultaneously and cause heavy corrosion;
2, when adopting fluid bed as burning or gasification reactor, the alkali metal in biomass material may react with bed material the cocrystalization compound that forms low melting point and cause particle agglomeration, and obstruction fluidisation even causes fluidisation unsuccessfully.In prior art, in living beings burning process (yellow stalk that especially alkali metal containing is higher), because the incineration temperature of fluidized bed incinerator cannot reach more than 800 degree, the high-temperature coking problem of the yellow stalk gasification of biomass that tenor is higher, there is no basic solution, although some measure can reduce its harm, the temperature that this problem makes living beings burn all the time is restricted, and cannot obtain the high-quality steam of high parameter.
Above-mentioned situation all can cause that equipment maintenance cost rises, availability reduces and the cycle of operation shortens, thus greatly weakens whole biomass conversion and utilize the applicability of system and the competitiveness in energy market.
In addition, if living beings adopt cyclone furnace to process, due to the restriction of feeding manner, just can enter cyclone furnace after causing living beings must be broken for less particle to burn, and, igniter must be increased after living beings enter cyclone furnace carry out igniting and could burn, which increases the intractability of living beings.
Summary of the invention
Given this, the present invention is intended to propose a kind of biomass garbage combustion system and method, high effectively to solve alkali metal content in living beings, and the living beings caused are burned and are easy to coking, dust stratification, the problems such as incineration temperature is lower.
First aspect, the invention discloses a kind of biomass garbage combustion system, comprises the first conveying device, the second conveying device, circulating fluid bed garbage furnace and cyclone furnace; Wherein, described first conveying device is connected with the charging aperture of described circulating fluid bed garbage furnace respectively with described second conveying device, and described first conveying device is for carrying biomass garbage, and described second conveying device is for carrying bed material; Described used for circulating fluid bed garbage furnace in biomass garbage being carried out to first time burning, it is provided with end slag outlet and exhanst gas outlet, slag outlet of the described end is used for the end slag after fluidized bed combustion to discharge, described exhanst gas outlet is connected with described cyclone furnace, for living beings unburnt in described fluid bed and flying dust being imported the burning of described cyclone furnace; Described cyclone furnace is used for carrying out second-time burning to the material entered wherein, from discharging bottom it after making living beings and fusing fly ash become glass state material, and carries out subsequent treatment after being derived by the flue gas of generation.
Further, in above-mentioned biomass garbage combustion system, also cooling device is comprised; Described cooling device is connected with described cyclone furnace, for cooling the flue gas entered from described cyclone furnace.
Further, in above-mentioned biomass garbage combustion system, described cooling device comprises one-level cooling unit and secondary cooling unit; Described one-level cooling unit is used for cooling flue gas out from described cyclone furnace, and the temperature making flue gas discharge described one-level cooling unit is 500-700 DEG C; Described secondary cooling unit is fast cooling device, is reduced to less than 180 DEG C for making the flue gas entered wherein in 1 ~ 2 second.
Further, in above-mentioned biomass garbage combustion system, described secondary cooling unit is sprinkling equipment; NaOH or Ca (OH) 2 medicament is provided with in the cooling water that spray adopts.
Further, in above-mentioned biomass garbage combustion system, described secondary cooling unit is also connected with sack cleaner by flue; Described biomass garbage combustion system also comprises active carbon spray appliance; Described active carbon spray appliance is used for spraying into active carbon to described flue.
Further, in above-mentioned biomass garbage combustion system, described first conveying device and described second conveying device are all batchers.
Second aspect, the invention discloses a kind of biomass garbage combustion method, comprises the steps:
Step 1, sends biomass garbage and bed material into circulating fluid bed garbage furnace respectively, and controls described circulating fluid bed garbage furnace and be in anoxycausis state, controls to burn in-furnace temperature 400-650 DEG C;
Step 2, controls described circulating fluid bed garbage furnace and is discharged from the bottom of incinerator by the end slag after burning, and make unburnt living beings, particle and synthesis gas in incinerator enter cyclone furnace;
Step 3, burns the material entered from step 2 in described cyclone furnace, controls the ignition temperature of described cyclone furnace at 1000-1400 DEG C;
Step 4, discharges the glass state material after described cyclone furnace burning from bottom, and the flue gas of deriving from cyclone furnace is carried out vent gas treatment.
Further, in the described step 4 of above-mentioned biomass garbage combustion method, described vent gas treatment comprises cooling processing, described cooling processing comprises following two steps: step 41, one-level cooling processing is carried out to the flue gas of deriving in cyclone furnace, pre-dedusting is carried out to flue gas, and makes flue-gas temperature drop to 500-700 DEG C; Step 42, the flue gas after pre-dedusting enters cooling tower and carries out secondary chilling, makes flue gas be reduced to less than 180 DEG C in 1 ~ 2 second.
Further, in the described step 42 of above-mentioned biomass garbage combustion method, the cooling in described cooling tower is spraying cooling, containing NaOH or Ca (OH) in cooling fluid
2medicament.
Further, also comprise the steps: that the flue gas to discharging from described cooling tower sprays into active carbon in the vent gas treatment of the described step 4 of above-mentioned biomass garbage combustion method, remove dust and heavy metal, and after utilizing sack cleaner to remove remaining flue dust, enter air.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
By first carrying out low temperature gasification to biomass garbage, then the mode of high temperature incineration is carried out, the chemical conversion of effective solution biomass thermal utilize cause because alkali metal content is high in process cause slagging scorification, dust stratification problem, be particularly useful for processing the rubbish materials such as the not tractable yellow stalk stalk of existing biomass incinerator.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading hereafter detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantage and benefit will become cheer and bright for those of ordinary skill in the art.Accompanying drawing only for illustrating the object of preferred embodiment, and does not think limitation of the present invention.And in whole accompanying drawing, represent identical parts by identical reference symbol.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of biomass garbage combustion system first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of biomass garbage combustion system second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of steps of biomass garbage combustion method first embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral is as follows:
1 gives wind apparatus
2 air distribution plates
3 circulating fluid bed garbage furnaces
4 cyclone furnaces
5 cold slag devices
6 cooling devices
7 smoke evacuation systems
A water inlet
B delivery port
C delivery port
D delivery port
E water inlet
F delivery port
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawings exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is described in more detail.Although show exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure in accompanying drawing, but should be appreciated that and can realize the disclosure in a variety of manners, and not should limit by the embodiment set forth here.On the contrary, provide these embodiments to be in order to more thoroughly the disclosure can be understood, and complete for the scope of the present disclosure can be conveyed to those skilled in the art.
With reference to the structured flowchart that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 are biomass garbage combustion system first embodiment of the present invention, comprising: the first conveying device, the second conveying device, circulating fluid bed garbage furnace and cyclone furnace; Wherein, the first conveying device is connected with the charging aperture of recirculating fluidized bed respectively with the second conveying device, and the first conveying device is for carrying biomass garbage, and the second conveying device is for carrying bed material; Used for circulating fluid bed garbage furnace in biomass garbage being carried out to first time burning, it is provided with end slag outlet and exhanst gas outlet, end slag outlet is used for the end slag after fluidized bed combustion to discharge, exhanst gas outlet is connected with cyclone furnace, for living beings unburnt in fluid bed and flying dust are imported cyclone furnace burning; Cyclone furnace is used for carrying out second-time burning to the material entered wherein, from discharging bottom it after making living beings and fusing fly ash become glass state material, and carries out subsequent treatment after being derived by the flue gas of generation.
In the specific implementation, the first conveying device and the second conveying device can adopt batcher.
During concrete enforcement, a batcher is for carrying living beings, and another batcher is for carrying bed material, quartz sand and the end slag after burning is adopted to make the bed material of bed, Combustion System in fluid bed is in anoxycausis state, and the design temperature in burner hearth is 400-650 DEG C, and end slag is got rid of from fluidized-bed bottom.The cyclone furnace that unburnt living beings, small particle and synthesis gas enter as dual firing chamber in fluid bed carries out high temperature incineration, the design temperature of cyclone furnace controls at about 1000-1400 DEG C, and the living beings and the fusing fly ash that make to enter cyclone furnace become glass state material to discharge from bottom.
The present embodiment proposes the incinerator of the low temperature fluidized bed gasification of a kind of novel living beings and the combination of cyclone furnace high temperature, is applied to by cyclone furnace among living beings burning, comprises:
The first, fluid bed is utilized to carry out the gasification of living beings low temperature pyrolyzer, gasification temperature is lower than 650 degree, in this temperature range, living beings can not coking, part biological matter obtains cracking, a small amount of material generating gasification reaction, generating portion fuel gas, but most of solid biomass is imperfect combustion, is just cracked into charcoal, wood tar, pyrolkigneous liquid and short grained ash and grades component;
The second, cyclone furnace is set, high temperature incineration is carried out to the biomass components after low temperature pyrolyzer gasification, effectively realize the high-temp combustion of living beings, and the running status of the structure of cyclone furnace and material high-speed thereof effectively can avoid the generation of coking and dust stratification problem, the Thorough combustion of living beings can be realized.
Three, the slag tap mode of cyclone furnace can solve alkali metal in flue gas cooling procedure, causes the dust stratification of the solid particles such as flying dust at places such as heat-transfer surfaces and etching problem.
Four, the gasification be separated and combustion system, the employing low temperature pyrolyzer gasification that fluid bed can be made to suit measures to local conditions or the different modes such as oxygen gasified, mode more targetedly can be effectively adopted to carry out gasification of biomass, increase the scope of application of device, even make CIU can be applied to the process of the danger wastes of Biohazard Waste and part high heating value.
More preferably, biomass garbage combustion system also comprises cooling device; Cooling device is connected with cyclone furnace; For cooling the flue gas entered from cyclone furnace.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, cooling device comprises one-level cooling unit and secondary cooling unit; One-level cooling unit is used for carrying out Slow cooling to flue gas out from cyclone furnace, and the temperature making flue gas discharge one-level cooling unit is 500-700 DEG C; Secondary cooling unit is fast cooling device, is reduced to less than 180 DEG C for making the flue gas entered wherein in 1 ~ 2 second.
More particularly, first one-level cooling (slow cooling) is carried out through one-level cooling unit from cyclone furnace high-temperature flue gas out, one-level cooling adopts the form of heat exchanger, the temperature that flue gas discharges one-level cooler is 500-700 DEG C, cooling water is lifted to more than 80 DEG C from normal temperature, then enters water-cooling tower and is cooled to normal temperature cycling and reutilization;
Then, two grade cooling towers that flue gas after pre-dedusting enters as secondary cooling unit carry out chilling, flue gas is made to be reduced to 180 DEG C in 1 ~ 2 second, because 180 ~ 600 DEG C is the generation interval of dioxin, the probability that can make not burn the dioxin of dioxin predecessor synthesis completely like this drops to minimum, secondary cooling is spraying cooling, and shower water is discharged with flue gas all as a vapor, containing NaOH or Ca (OH) in cooling water
2medicament, not only can make flue gas chilling, can also remove the HCL in flue gas, oxysulfide and part flue dust etc.
In addition, in the present embodiment, secondary cooling unit is also connected with sack cleaner by flue; Biomass garbage combustion system also comprises active carbon spray appliance; Active carbon spray appliance is used for spraying into active carbon to flue.Spray into activated carbon to flue, remove the dust in the flue gas of discharging from secondary cooling unit and heavy metal; Flue gas enters sack cleaner again and removes remaining flue dust, enters air by chimney.Further, iterative cycles in the cinder reinjection collected by cloth bag to fluid bed or dual firing chamber, finally all discharges with glass state material.
With reference to the structural representation that Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are biomass garbage combustion system second embodiments of the present invention.This example show the structure of biomass garbage combustion system.
Wherein, this system comprises circulating fluid bed garbage furnace 3, cyclone furnace 4, cooling device 6 and smoke evacuation system 7.
The furnace bottom of circulating fluid bed garbage furnace is provided with to wind apparatus 1 and air distribution plate 2, by helix transporting device, biomass garbage and bed material is delivered into burner hearth and burns, and this process is called " first time burning ".In this process, garbage utilization circulating fluid bed garbage furnace 3 carries out the gasification of living beings low temperature pyrolyzer, gasification temperature is lower than 650 degree, in this temperature range, living beings can not coking, and part biological matter obtains cracking, a small amount of material generating gasification reaction, generating portion fuel gas, but most of solid biomass is imperfect combustion, is just cracked into charcoal, wood tar, pyrolkigneous liquid and short grained ash and grades component.
During enforcement, the bottom of circulating fluid bed garbage furnace 3 is provided with end slag outlet (not shown) and exhanst gas outlet, and end slag outlet is used for the end slag after fluidized bed combustion to discharge; Exhanst gas outlet is connected with cyclone furnace 4, for living beings unburnt in circulating fluid bed garbage furnace 3 and flying dust are imported cyclone furnace burning.
In fluid bed, unburnt living beings, small particle and synthesis gas enter cyclone furnace 4 and carry out high temperature incineration, cyclone furnace 4 is as second-time burning, its design temperature controls at about 1000-1400 DEG C, make to enter living beings wherein and fusing fly ash becomes glass state material to discharge from bottom, before the material of the glassy state of melting is discharged from bottom, also to cool through cold slag device 5.
The present embodiment arranges cyclone furnace 4, high temperature incineration is carried out to the biomass components after low temperature pyrolyzer gasification, effectively realize the high-temp combustion of living beings, and the running status of the structure of cyclone furnace 4 and material high-speed thereof effectively can avoid the generation of coking and dust stratification problem, the Thorough combustion of living beings can be realized.Further, the slag tap mode of cyclone furnace 4 can solve alkali metal in flue gas cooling procedure, causes the dust stratification of the solid particles such as flying dust at places such as heat-transfer surfaces and etching problem.
Can find out, the gasification that the present embodiment is separated and combustion system, the employing low temperature pyrolyzer gasification that fluid bed is suited measures to local conditions or the different modes such as oxygen gasified, mode more targetedly can be effectively adopted to carry out gasification of biomass, increase the scope of application of device, even make CIU can be applied to the process of the danger wastes of Biohazard Waste and part high heating value.
Biomass garbage combustion system also comprises cooling device 6; Cooling device 6 is connected with cyclone furnace 4; For cooling the flue gas entered from cyclone furnace 4.In the present embodiment, cooling system is made up of heat-exchange system, and comprise the water-cooling channel that water inlet pipe and outlet pipe are formed, such as, in fig. 2, water inlet a, delivery port b, delivery port c, delivery port d, water inlet e, delivery port f, by above-mentioned layout, realize water-cooled.
Concrete cooling principle and process can with reference to the introductions of above-described embodiment.
Being connected with above-mentioned cooling device, is smoke evacuation system 7.This smoke evacuation system 7 can realize following function: be connected with sack cleaner by flue; Biomass garbage combustion system also comprises active carbon spray appliance; Active carbon spray appliance is used for spraying into active carbon to flue.Spray into activated carbon to flue, remove the dust in the flue gas of discharging from secondary cooling unit and heavy metal; Flue gas enters sack cleaner again and removes remaining flue dust, enters air by chimney.
With reference to the flow chart of steps that Fig. 3, Fig. 3 are biomass garbage combustion method first embodiments of the present invention, the method comprises the steps:
Step 1, respectively biomass garbage and bed material are sent into circulating fluid bed garbage furnace, and controlled circulation fluidized bed refuse incinerator is in anoxycausis state, controls to burn in-furnace temperature 400-650 DEG C;
Step 2, the end slag after burning is discharged from the bottom of incinerator by controlled circulation fluidized bed refuse incinerator, and makes unburnt living beings, particle and synthesis gas in incinerator enter cyclone furnace;
Step 3, burns the material entered from step 2 in cyclone furnace, controls the ignition temperature of cyclone furnace at 1000-1400 DEG C;
Step 4, the glass state material after being burnt by cyclone furnace is discharged from bottom, and the flue gas of deriving from cyclone furnace is carried out vent gas treatment.
When concrete enforcement the method, a batcher is for carrying living beings, another batcher is for carrying bed material, quartz sand and the end slag after burning is adopted to make the bed material of bed, Combustion System in fluid bed is in anoxycausis state, design temperature in burner hearth is 400-650 DEG C, and end slag is discharged from fluidized-bed bottom.The cyclone furnace that unburnt living beings, small particle and synthesis gas enter as dual firing chamber in fluid bed carries out high temperature incineration, the design temperature of cyclone furnace controls at about 1000-1400 DEG C, makes to enter living beings wherein and fusing fly ash becomes glass state material to discharge from bottom.
The present embodiment proposes the incinerator of the low temperature fluidized bed gasification of a kind of novel living beings and the combination of cyclone furnace high temperature, is applied to by cyclone furnace among living beings burning, comprises following main points:
The first, fluid bed is utilized to carry out the gasification of living beings low temperature pyrolyzer, gasification temperature is lower than 650 degree, in this temperature range, living beings can not coking, part biological matter obtains cracking, a small amount of material generating gasification reaction, generating portion fuel gas, but most of solid biomass is imperfect combustion, is just cracked into charcoal, wood tar, pyrolkigneous liquid and short grained ash and grades component;
The second, cyclone furnace is utilized, high temperature incineration is carried out to the biomass components after low temperature pyrolyzer gasification, effectively realize the high-temp combustion of living beings, and the running status of the structure of cyclone furnace and material high-speed thereof effectively can avoid the generation of coking and dust stratification problem, the Thorough combustion of living beings can be realized.
Three, the slag tap mode of cyclone furnace can solve alkali metal in flue gas cooling procedure, causes the dust stratification of the solid particles such as flying dust at places such as heat-transfer surfaces and etching problem.
Four, the gasification be separated and combustion system, the employing low temperature pyrolyzer gasification that fluid bed can be made to suit measures to local conditions or the different modes such as oxygen gasified, mode more targetedly can be effectively adopted to carry out gasification of biomass, increase the scope of application of device, even make CIU can be applied to the process of the danger wastes of Biohazard Waste and part high heating value.
Further, in above-mentioned steps 4, vent gas treatment comprises cooling processing, and cooling processing comprises following two steps:
Step 41, carries out one-level cooling processing to the flue gas of deriving in cyclone furnace, carries out pre-dedusting to flue gas, and makes flue-gas temperature drop to 500-700 DEG C;
Step 42, the flue gas after pre-dedusting enters cooling tower and carries out secondary chilling, and flue gas was reduced in 1 ~ 2 second.
That is, first one-level cooling (slow cooling) is carried out through one-level cooling unit from cyclone furnace high-temperature flue gas out, one-level cooling adopts the form of heat exchanger, the temperature that flue gas discharges one-level cooler is 500-700 DEG C, cooling water is lifted to 80 DEG C from normal temperature, then enters water-cooling tower and is cooled to normal temperature cycling and reutilization.
Then, two grade cooling towers that flue gas after pre-dedusting enters as secondary cooling unit carry out chilling, flue gas is made to be reduced to 180 DEG C in 1 ~ 2 second, because 180 ~ 600 DEG C is the generation interval of dioxin, the probability that can make not burn the dioxin of dioxin predecessor synthesis completely like this drops to minimum, secondary cooling is spraying cooling, and shower water is discharged with flue gas all as a vapor, containing NaOH or Ca (OH) in cooling water
2medicament, not only can make flue gas chilling, can also remove the HCL in flue gas, oxysulfide and part flue dust etc.
In addition, also comprise the steps: in the vent gas treatment of step 4 that the flue gas to discharging from cooling tower sprays into active carbon, removes dust and heavy metal, and after utilizing sack cleaner to remove remaining flue dust, enter air.
In flue, spray into activated carbon, remove the dust in the flue gas of discharging from secondary cooling unit and heavy metal, next, flue gas enters sack cleaner again and removes remaining flue dust, enters air by chimney.Further, iterative cycles in the cinder reinjection collected by cloth bag to fluid bed or dual firing chamber, finally all discharges with glass state material.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a biomass garbage combustion system, is characterized in that, comprising:
First conveying device, the second conveying device, circulating fluid bed garbage furnace and cyclone furnace;
Wherein, described first conveying device is connected with the charging aperture of described circulating fluid bed garbage furnace respectively with described second conveying device, and described first conveying device is for carrying biomass garbage, and described second conveying device is for carrying bed material;
Described used for circulating fluid bed garbage furnace in biomass garbage being carried out to first time burning, it is provided with end slag outlet and exhanst gas outlet, slag outlet of the described end is used for the end slag after fluidized bed combustion to discharge, described exhanst gas outlet is connected with described cyclone furnace, for living beings unburnt in described fluid bed and flying dust being imported the burning of described cyclone furnace;
Described cyclone furnace is used for carrying out second-time burning to the material entered wherein, from discharging bottom it after making living beings and fusing fly ash become glass state material, and carries out subsequent treatment after being derived by the flue gas of generation.
2. biomass garbage combustion system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Also comprise cooling device;
Described cooling device is connected with described cyclone furnace, for cooling the flue gas entered from described cyclone furnace.
3. biomass garbage combustion system according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described cooling device comprises one-level cooling unit and secondary cooling unit;
Described one-level cooling unit is used for cooling flue gas out from described cyclone furnace, and the temperature making flue gas discharge described one-level cooling unit is 500-700 DEG C;
Described secondary cooling unit is fast cooling device, is reduced to less than 180 DEG C for making the flue gas entered wherein in 1 ~ 2 second.
4. biomass garbage combustion system according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described secondary cooling unit is sprinkling equipment;
NaOH or Ca (OH) is provided with in the cooling water that described sprinkling equipment adopts
2medicament.
5. biomass garbage combustion system according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described secondary cooling unit is also connected with sack cleaner by flue;
Described biomass garbage combustion system also comprises active carbon spray appliance;
Described active carbon spray appliance is used for spraying into active carbon in the flue be communicated with between described secondary cooling unit and described sack cleaner.
6. biomass garbage combustion system according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
Described first conveying device and described second conveying device are all batchers.
7. a biomass garbage combustion method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1, sends biomass garbage and bed material into circulating fluid bed garbage furnace respectively, and controls described circulating fluid bed garbage furnace and be in anoxycausis state, and controlling to burn in-furnace temperature is 400-650 DEG C;
Step 2, controls described circulating fluid bed garbage furnace and discharged from the bottom of incinerator by the end slag after burning, and unburnt living beings, particle and the synthesis gas controlled in incinerator enters cyclone furnace;
Step 3, burns the material entered from step 2 in described cyclone furnace, controls the ignition temperature of described cyclone furnace at 1000-1400 DEG C;
Step 4, discharges the glass state material after described cyclone furnace burning from bottom, and the flue gas of deriving from cyclone furnace is carried out vent gas treatment.
8. biomass garbage combustion method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, in described step 4, described vent gas treatment comprises cooling processing, and described cooling processing comprises following two steps:
Step 41, carries out one-level cooling processing to the flue gas of deriving in cyclone furnace, carries out pre-dedusting to flue gas, and makes flue-gas temperature drop to 500-700 DEG C;
Step 42, the flue gas after pre-dedusting enters cooling tower and carries out secondary chilling, makes flue gas be reduced to less than 180 DEG C in 1 ~ 2 second.
9. biomass garbage combustion method according to claim 8, is characterized in that,
In described step 42, the cooling in described cooling tower is spraying cooling, containing NaOH or Ca (OH) in cooling fluid
2medicament.
10. biomass garbage combustion method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, also comprises the steps: in the vent gas treatment of described step 4
Spray into active carbon to the flue gas of discharging from described cooling tower, remove dust and heavy metal, and after utilizing sack cleaner to remove remaining flue dust, enter air.
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