JP5551120B2 - バイオフィルムの除去のための方法 - Google Patents
バイオフィルムの除去のための方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5551120B2 JP5551120B2 JP2011152088A JP2011152088A JP5551120B2 JP 5551120 B2 JP5551120 B2 JP 5551120B2 JP 2011152088 A JP2011152088 A JP 2011152088A JP 2011152088 A JP2011152088 A JP 2011152088A JP 5551120 B2 JP5551120 B2 JP 5551120B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aqueous medium
- hydantoin
- biofilm
- chlorine
- chlorinated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000001469 hydantoins Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical group [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UWMJRBYGKZOPCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)NC1=O UWMJRBYGKZOPCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004443 bio-dispersant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- YIROYDNZEPTFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-Dimethylhydantoin Chemical class CC1(C)NC(=O)NC1=O YIROYDNZEPTFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydantoin Chemical compound O=C1CNC(=O)N1 WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- RHYBFKMFHLPQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylhydantoin Chemical compound CN1CC(=O)NC1=O RHYBFKMFHLPQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- PQRDTUFVDILINV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bcdmh Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Br)C1=O PQRDTUFVDILINV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241001478894 Sphaerotilus Species 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OFTZZDZZNXTWFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5-ethyl-5-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CCC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O OFTZZDZZNXTWFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSDQVZMTWWSMNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound ClN1CC(=O)NC1=O GSDQVZMTWWSMNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSBRXBZGVHQUJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CCC1NC(=O)NC1=O RSBRXBZGVHQUJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical compound ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589242 Legionella pneumophila Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical class [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 108010079058 casein hydrolysate Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940079886 disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-dioctyl-3-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCC(C([O-])=O)(C(C([O-])=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CCCCCCCC YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KHIQYZGEUSTKSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;4-dodecoxy-4-oxo-3-sulfobutanoate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(S(O)(=O)=O)CC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(S(O)(=O)=O)CC([O-])=O KHIQYZGEUSTKSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004394 hip joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Inorganic materials Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011005 laboratory method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940075560 sodium lauryl sulfoacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UAJTZZNRJCKXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecoxy-2-oxoethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CS([O-])(=O)=O UAJTZZNRJCKXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
- C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/42—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from bathing facilities, e.g. swimming pools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/12—Prevention of foaming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/02—Agents for preventing deposition on the paper mill equipment, e.g. pitch or slime control
- D21H21/04—Slime-control agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Description
本出願は、参照によって本明細書中に組み込まれる2002年12月20日に出願された米国仮特許出願60/435,680からの優先権を主張する。
純粋な遊離ハロゲン供与体の過剰な反応性を、ブロモクロロジメチルヒダントイン(BCDMH)を使用することによって達成した。M.Ludyansky and F.Himplerによって発表された研究、題名「ハロゲン化ヒダントインのバイオフィルムに対する効力」NACE、紙面405頁(1997)は、純粋な遊離ハロゲン供与体と比較したバイオフィルムに対するより高い効力を実証した。しかしながら、有効ではあるものの、依然としてバイオフィルムに適用したときに効率的なハロゲン供給源ではない。
バイオフィルムの除去および分解の程度および性質は、当然その問題の状況に応じて変化する。その問題の多様な性質およびバイオフィルムが成長する多様な環境は、バイオフィルム除去のための様々な戦術および戦略を必要とする。確立したバイオフィルムに関して、単にその場でそれを殺菌して放置するよりも、それを取り除く方が望ましい場合が多い。さらに、バイオフィルムを形成する細胞を死滅させ、それらが他の場所に拡散することを防止することが重要であろう。従って、本発明の目的のための用語、バイオフィルムの「分解」は、存在するバイオフィルムの除去および破壊、並びに処理を施されたシステム内でのバイオフィルム微生物の再成長の防止を含む。これは、クリーンシステムからのバイオフィルム増殖の防止と、バイオフィルムが既に形成されてしまった処理システム内における継続的増殖の防止を含む「バイオフィルム制御」よりも困難な仕事である。
バイオフィルム阻害制御効力
殺菌剤および分散剤を含む殺菌剤の効力を、未処理の対照群と比較して、試験用フラスコ内のバイオフィルム乾燥重量の減少量によって評価した。バイオフィルムの成長を、Ludyansky,M., Colby,S., バイオフィルムに対する殺生効力を評価するための実験室的方法, Cooling Tower Institute, Paper TP96-07 (1996)に記載された方法によって重量測定的に決定した。
バイオフィルム除去制御効力
例1と同様、スフェロチラス菌(ATCC 15291)を以下の試験に使用した。
塩素化殺菌剤の効力試験のためのオンライン試験システムを使用し、バイオフィルムのモニタリングおよび測定のためのリアルタイムな非破壊的方法を提供した。このシステムは、バイオフィルムの形成と蓄積に相関する熱伝達抵抗(HTR)、およびバイオフィルム活性の変化と相関するバルク水中の溶解酸素(DO)値をモニターする。システム設計、パラメーターおよび増殖条件は、Ludensky,M., 「バイオフィルムについての殺菌剤試験のための自動化されたシステム」Journal of lndustrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 20:109-115(1998)に開示されている。
冷却水システムおよび製紙機械中の熱交換器表面上に頑強なバイオフィルムを形成することが知られている有鞘スフェロチラス菌(ATCC 15291)を、バイオフィルム増殖のために選択した。接種材料を微生物増殖反応器に汲み入れ、室温で終夜にわたり静置した。翌日、補給水および栄養素(CGY培地)を加えた。システムの初期増殖条件およびパラメーターの選択は、先の実験、実験室的制限、システム構成部品の幾何学的大きさ、およびバイオフィルムの増殖を促進するための要望に基づいている。プランクトン的増殖から付着した繊維的増殖までの増殖状態の遷移は、培地濃度を5%未満まで低下させ、かつ最大比速度よりも高い希釈速度を維持することによって得られた。試験条件を表2に示した。
処理プログラム中、栄養素および補給水をシステムに連続的に供給した(一定の化学的性質、酸素および温度)。3つの処理方式、すなわち、スラグ式、スラグ式と連続式、連続式で試験を行った。
全部で5つの殺菌剤、NaOCl、NaOBr、MCDMH、BCDMH/MEH、およびDCDMHを、1000ppmの新鮮なCl2マスター溶液として調製した。全ての殺菌剤の処理濃度を、処理直前に行われたDPD Cl2試験によって測定された遊離および全残留ハロゲンの測定値から算出した。
この例は、これらの試験溶液が摸擬太陽光にさらされたとき、NaOClと比較したときのMCDMHの増強された光安定性を実証する。
ヒダントイン安定化活性塩素溶液を、ヒダントインとNaOClとを組み合わせることによって同様に生み出すことができる。表2に示したように、DMHおよびNaOClの組み合わせは、シアヌル酸との組み合わせよりもより大きな光安定性を生み出す(レクリエーション水市場で周知の塩素光安定剤)。試験条件を例3と同一とした。
Claims (13)
- 水性媒体中のバイオフィルムを分解する方法であって、前記水性媒体において20〜100 ppm(Cl2として表わされた)の塩素化ヒダントインの濃度を形成するために十分な量のモノクロロジメチルヒダントイン、ジクロロジメチルヒダントインまたはこれらの混合物から選択される1またはそれ以上の塩素化ヒダントインを、バイオフィルムを含む前記水性媒体に加え、または前記水性媒体において形成させることである方法。
- 前記塩素化ヒダントインが溶液または水性スラリーとして当該水性媒体に対して添加される請求項1の方法。
- 前記塩素化ヒダントインが固体として当該水性媒体に対して添加される請求項1の方法。
- 前記処理された水性媒体を太陽光にさらす請求項1の方法。
- 塩素源からの塩素とアルキル化ヒダントインとを、1:100〜100:1の塩素とアルキル化ヒダントインのモル比で前記水性媒体に加えることによって、前記塩素化ヒダントインをその場で形成する請求項1の方法。
- 前記塩素とアルキル化ヒダントインのモル比が1:10〜10:1である請求項5の方法。
- 前記水性媒体が基体に付着しているバイオフィルムを含む請求項1の方法。
- 前記塩素化ヒダントインを性能添加剤とともに加える請求項1の方法。
- 前記性能添加材が分散剤、生物分散剤、スケール抑制剤、腐食防止剤、界面活性剤、殺生剤、洗浄剤およびこれらの混合物からなる群より選択される請求項8の方法。
- 前記水性媒体が、冷却水システム、パルプ化または製紙システム、空気洗浄システム、農業上水および排水システム、食品製造または洗浄システム、石油産業システム、飲用水システム、家庭用水関連システム、または施設水関連システムにおけるものである請求項1の方法。
- 水性媒体中の基体からバイオフィルムを除去する方法であって、モノクロロジメチルヒダントイン、ジクロロジメチルヒダントイン、またはこれらの混合物を、20〜25 ppm(Cl 2 として表わされた)の量で前記水性媒体に加え、または前記媒体中において形成させることを含む方法。
- 塩素源からの塩素とジメチルヒダントインとを、1:10〜10:1の塩素とジメチルヒダントインのモル比で前記水性媒体に加えることによって、前記塩素化ジメチルヒダントインをその場で形成する請求項11の方法。
- 前記塩素源が、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムまたはガス状塩素である請求項12の方法。
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