JP5535806B2 - Floating dock and ship removal method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a floating dock and a ship removal method, and more particularly, to a floating dock manufactured by modifying a ship and a ship removal method using the floating dock.

  Ships that have become unusable due to damage or ships that have reached the end of their life are generally scrapped and scrapped. Such removal work is often carried out in a floating state on the berth because it is costly and unprofitable when carried out in the dock.

  In general, the dismantling work consists of a large distribution (primary distribution) process that cuts the hull into large blocks, a conveyance process that conveys the dismantled blocks to the land, and a small distribution (secondary distribution) that cuts the conveyed blocks into small pieces. And a process. In this way, the removal work mainly consists of cutting work with a cutting machine and cargo handling work with a crane, and it must be relied on human naval tactics and is often performed in a country where labor costs are low. In addition, when there is residual oil or sludge such as fuel or lubricating oil in the hull, it may spill over to the sea at the time of unloading work, which is a work with high environmental load.

  Various methods have already been proposed in order to reduce the cost of such removal work (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  The removal method described in Patent Document 1 is a method in which a specific member is disassembled directly from the hull into a small member in the dock. According to this method, it is possible to achieve the efficiency of the cutting work by adopting the same cutting conditions, and it is possible to reduce the use cost of the crane by using only a small crane.

  The removal method described in Patent Document 2 is a method in which a corrosive agent that induces strength deterioration is applied, and when the member strength is deteriorated, the material is subdivided by an impact force adding means disposed in the ship. According to such a method, the hull can be subdivided by an impact such as blasting, and the cutting work requiring a lot of man-hours and costs can be omitted.

  Also, when constructing structures for offshore civil engineering, a method has been proposed in which used ships and scrap ships are remodeled into floating docks (floating docks) in order to reduce dock construction costs and usage fees ( For example, see Patent Document 3).

  The floating dock described in Patent Document 3 forms a work box surrounded by a bottom tank, a side tank and a bulkhead of a ship by cutting and removing the bow part, the stern part and the upper deck part of the ship. The working box is provided with a floating controller for adjusting buoyancy.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-22795 JP 63-49593 A JP 61-30486 A

  The removal method described in Patent Document 1 described above is premised on work in the dock, and there is a problem that the cost tends to increase. Moreover, since the hull swings in a floating state where it is in contact with a quay or the like, there is also a problem that it is difficult to disassemble it directly into a small member.

  Moreover, in the removal method described in Patent Document 2, there is a problem that, when carried out in a floating state, small pieces that are subdivided by an impact such as blasting scatter and are difficult to collect. There is also a problem that residual oil, sludge, and the like are scattered on the sea.

  Moreover, since the floating dock described in Patent Document 3 assumes the construction of an offshore structure, the stern part and the upper deck part are also cut and removed, and the equipment that can be used for the removal work is also removed. There is a problem that there are few work places necessary for the removal work.

  The present invention has been devised in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a floating dock and a ship removal method that can reduce the cost of removal work and reduce the environmental load.

  According to the present invention, a floating dock manufactured by remodeling a ship having a bow part, a stern part, a hold part and an upper deck, wherein the connecting block is connected to a cutting part obtained by cutting the bow part, A receiving portion formed by removing the bulkhead disposed in the hold, and a first opening portion formed by removing a portion of the upper deck close to the bow portion disposed on the receiving portion; A second opening part formed by removing a part of the upper deck arranged on the housing part near the stern part, and between the first opening part and the second opening part. A flat portion formed on the deck, and the connecting block includes an open / close gate that allows or blocks water intrusion into the housing portion, and the other ship is placed in the housing portion with the open / close gate open. Pulling in, draining the inside of the accommodating portion with the open / close gate closed, Work from one open part side to the stern part side of the other ship, work from the second open part side to the bow part of the other ship, and pre-processing or after work on the other ship at the flat part There is provided a floating dock characterized in that processing can be performed.

  The ship may have a double hull structure or a double hull structure. The cutting portion may be a portion closer to the stern portion than a portion where the bottom portion of the ship starts to narrow. The partition may be removed with both side portions left. Moreover, you may make it the said hold part remove | eliminate a part of top side tank in the state which left the said upper deck. Moreover, the said connection block may have a hull structure similar to the said ship while it has a communication part connected with the said accommodating part and said 1st open part.

  A part of the flat part may be constituted by an upper surface of a hatch cover of the cargo hold part. Further, a part of the plane part is constituted by a plate material arranged between the hatch covers and constituting the same plane as the upper surface, and the plate material is supported by a reinforcing member formed from a steel material removed from the hold part. It may be arranged on the upper deck. Moreover, you may have the crane which can handle between the said accommodating part and the said plane part via said 1st open part or said 2nd open part.

  The work may be a work of removing the other ship. Further, the accommodating portion has a pair of rails arranged vertically in the middle of both side portions, and a platform movably spanned on the rails, and the progress of the unloading work of the other ship. In addition, the platform may be moved on the rail. Furthermore, you may have the cab arrange | positioned on the said platform, and the cutting machine which can be remotely operated from this cab. Moreover, it has a winch arrange | positioned so that a wire latching | locking part can be pulled out in the said accommodating part, and it may be made to perform a removal operation | work, drawing in the said other ship according to progress of the removal operation | work with this winch.

  Even if it has at least a pair of rails arranged vertically on the ceiling portion of the accommodating portion, a traveling girder movably stretched on the rails, and a magnet crane disposed on the traveling girder Good. In addition, the flat part stores a movable roof arranged movably on the flat part, a dangerous goods storage warehouse for storing dangerous goods carried from the other ship, and used parts carried from the other ship. And a used parts storage warehouse.

  Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for removing a ship using a floating dock manufactured by remodeling a ship having a bow part, a stern part, a hold part and an upper deck, wherein the floating dock includes the bow A connecting block that is connected to a cutting part that has been cut off, a storage part that is formed by removing a bulkhead that is disposed in the hold part, and a portion closer to the bow of the upper deck that is disposed on the storage part A first opening part formed by removing a part of the second opening part formed by removing a part near the stern part of the upper deck arranged on the storage part, A plane portion formed on the upper deck between the first opening portion and the second opening portion, and the connection block includes an open / close gate that allows or prevents water intrusion into the housing portion, The floating dock with the open / close gate open Semi-submerged, draw the other ship to be dismantled into the housing part, drain the inside of the housing part with the open / close gate closed, and perform the residential area or engine room of the other ship from the first opening part side The dismantling work and the disassembling work of the hull of the other ship performed from the second open part side are processed in parallel, and are secondarily distributed on the flat part to perform the sorting work or the maintenance work. A featured ship dismantling method is provided.

  After dismantling the residential area, perform secondary separation on the flat part, disassemble or remove the equipment in the engine room, disassemble or maintain on the flat part, and dismantle the hull, and then inside the housing part The secondary separation may be performed at the same time, and the separation work may be performed by unloading from the second open portion to the flat portion. Further, after cutting a portion of the other ship that does not fit in the housing part, the other ship may be drawn into the housing part. Further, before the dismantling operation of the other ship, the residual oil in the fuel tank or the coin tank of the other ship may be processed to perform gas-free or sludge frying.

  The floating dock may have a platform disposed in a middle stage of the housing portion so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the hull, and the platform may be moved in accordance with the progress of the dismantling work of the hull. Furthermore, the floating dock has an overhead crane disposed on the ceiling portion of the housing portion so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the hull, and disassembles the hull into blocks from the platform, and the blocks are removed by the overhead crane. You may make it convey to said 2nd open part.

  The floating dock has a winch disposed so that the wire locking portion can be pulled out into the housing portion, and the winch performs the dismantling work while pulling the other ship in accordance with the progress of the dismantling work of the hull. You may do it.

  According to the floating dock and the ship removal method according to the present invention described above, a floating dock can be manufactured using a large ship scheduled to be disposed of, and a ship smaller than a modified large ship can be placed in the floating dock. It can be accommodated for removal work. Therefore, the dock construction cost can be suppressed, the unloading operation and the like can be performed in a stable state, and scattering of residual oil, sludge, and the like can be prevented.

  In addition, by forming the first open part and the second open part in the floating dock, it is possible to perform the dismantling work of the settlement area and the hull of the ship to be dismantled in parallel, and to reduce the work days. The cost of removal work can be reduced. Moreover, by forming the flat portion on the upper deck, it is possible to secure a wide space for performing pre-processing and post-processing of the removal work, and the removal work can be performed smoothly. Therefore, the cost of the removal work can be reduced and the environmental load can be reduced.

  As a result, it is possible to modernize the ship removal work that relied on human naval tactics, and to make it possible to carry out the work even in developed countries.

It is a figure which shows embodiment of the floating dock which concerns on this invention, (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view, (c) is a bottom view. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of the floating dock shown in FIG. 1, (a) is the ship scheduled to be modified, (b) is the state which cut | disconnected the bow part of the ship, (c) connected the connection block to the cutting part. State. It is a figure which shows the remodeling process of the hold part in the cross section in which a hatch cover is located, (a) is the state before remodeling, (b) is the state which removed a part of the hold part, (c) is a plane on the upper deck The state which formed the part is shown. It is a figure which shows the remodeling process of the hold part in the cross section where a hatch cover is not located, (a) is the state before remodeling, (b) is the state where a part of the hold part is removed, and (c) is a plane on the upper deck. The state which formed the part is shown. It is explanatory drawing of the accommodating part of the floating dock shown in FIG. 1, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a BB arrow line view in Fig.5 (a). It is explanatory drawing of the platform shown to Fig.5 (a), (a) is a fragmentary top view, (b) is a fragmentary sectional view. It is explanatory drawing of the ship removal method which concerns on this invention, (a) shows the state which pulled in the other ship, (b) closed state, (c) shows the state which drained the inside of an accommodating part. ing. It is explanatory drawing of the cancellation method of the ship which concerns on this invention, (a) has shown the initial stage of cancellation, (b) has shown the middle stage of cancellation, and (c) has shown the final stage of cancellation. It is explanatory drawing of the ship removal method which concerns on this invention, (a) is the case of a small bulk carrier, (b) is the case of a tanker, (c) has shown the case of a product tanker. It is explanatory drawing at the time of the docking completion of the ship which concerns on this invention, (a) is the case of a container ship, (b) is the case of an automobile exclusive ship, (c) is the case of a chip exclusive ship. It is a figure which shows the example of the berthing pulling-in of the ship which concerns on this invention, (a) is a parallel state, (b) is a back movement state, (c) is a turning state, (d) has shown the column state. It is a figure which shows the example of a hull movement accompanying the cancellation progress of the ship which concerns on this invention, (a) has shown the winch connection state, (b) has shown the drawing-in state.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a floating dock according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 is a figure which shows embodiment of the floating dock which concerns on this invention, (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view, (c) is a bottom view. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a manufacturing process of the floating dock shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A is a ship to be modified, FIG. 2B is a state in which the bow of the ship is cut, and FIG. The state which connected the block is shown. FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a process of remodeling the hold in the cross section where the hatch cover is located. FIG. 3A shows a state before remodeling, FIG. 3B shows a state where a part of the hold is removed, and FIG. The state which formed the plane part on the deck is shown. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing a remodeling process of the hold part in a cross section where the hatch cover is not located, where FIG. 4A is a state before remodeling, FIG. 4B is a state where a part of the hold part is removed, and FIG. The state which formed the plane part on the deck is shown. FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory views of the housing portion of the floating dock shown in FIG. 1, in which FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 5B is a view taken along the line BB in FIG. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams of the platform shown in FIG. 5A, where FIG. 6A is a partial plan view and FIG. 6B is a partial cross-sectional view.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the embodiment of the floating dock according to the present invention is a floating dock manufactured by modifying a ship 1 having a bow part 11, a stern part 12, a hold part 13, and an upper deck 14. 2, the connecting block 3 connected to the cutting part 11a cut from the bow part 11, the accommodation part 4 formed by removing the partition wall 13a arranged in the hold part 13, and the accommodation part 4 The first open portion 5 formed by removing a portion of the upper deck 14 near the bow portion 11 and the portion near the stern portion 12 of the upper deck 14 arranged on the accommodating portion 4 are removed. A second opening 6 formed on the upper deck 14 between the first opening 5 and the second opening 6, and the connecting block 3 is accommodated An opening / closing gate 31 that allows or prevents water from entering the portion 4 is provided. The other ship 8 is drawn into the accommodating part 4 in the open state, the inside of the accommodating part 4 is drained with the open / close gate 31 closed, and work is performed from the first opening part 5 side to the stern part 82 side of the other ship 8. The work is performed from the second opening part 6 side to the bow part 81 side of the other ship 8 so that the pre-process or the post-process of the work for the other ship 8 can be performed by the plane part 7. Refer to FIG. 7 for the positional relationship between the floating dock 2 and the other ship 8.

  The ship 1 is preferably a ship to be discarded, and is a ship having a larger hold 13 than the other ship 8 to be removed. The ship 1 is a large bulk carrier of 200,000 DW tons or more, for example. According to such a ship 1, it is possible to modify a Panamax class ship so that it can be accommodated, and 90% or more of existing ships can be accommodated. Moreover, it is preferable that the ship 1 has a double ship bottom structure or a double hull structure. A ship having such a double structure usually has a ballast tank disposed in the double hull structure, and the draft of the ship 1 can be raised and lowered by adjusting the ballast. Therefore, by remodeling the ship 1 having such a ballast tank, the floating dock 2 that can easily float and sink can be manufactured. In addition, the ship 1 is not limited to a bulk carrier, What is necessary is just to have the hold part 13 like a tanker.

  Moreover, as shown to Fig.2 (a), the ship 1 has the some hold part 13 between the bow part 11 and the stern part 12, for example, the 1st hold part in order from the bow part 11 side. 131, the second hold part 132, ..., the eighth hold part 138. The cargo space portions 13 are partitioned by a partition wall 13a. Moreover, the hatch cover 13b is arrange | positioned at the upper part of each hold part 13 (1st hold part 131-8th hold part 138).

  And as shown in FIG.2 (b), a part of ship body by the side of the bow part 11 is cut | disconnected. The cutting part 11a is a part of the front surface or the rear surface of the partition wall 13a between the first cargo part 131 and the second cargo part 132, for example. Moreover, the cutting part 11a is also a part on the stern part 12 side rather than the part from which the ship bottom part of the ship 1 begins to become narrow, as shown with the dashed-dotted line in FIG.1 (c). By cutting the bow portion 11 at this portion, the bottom of the boat is formed in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the hull, and the ship 1 can be modified to a shape that can easily connect the connecting block 3.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.2 (b), the bulkhead part 13 removes all the partition walls 13a, and the accommodating part 4 is formed. The partition wall 13a is removed after being cut. Moreover, the 1st open part 5 is formed by removing the part arrange | positioned on the 2nd hold part 132 among the upper decks 14 of the ship 1, and the hatch cover 13b of the 2nd hold part 132. FIG. Moreover, the 2nd opening | release part 6 is formed by removing the part arrange | positioned on the eighth deck hold part 138 among the upper decks 14 of the ship 1, and the hatch cover 13b of the eighth ship hold part 138. The first opening portion 5 and the second opening portion 6 are formed in hatched portions in FIG. That is, since the upper deck 14 and the hatch cover 13b between the first open part 5 and the second open part 6 are left without being removed, the upper deck 14 and the hatch cover 13b are provided on the roof (ceiling) of the housing part 4. Part). Therefore, the accommodating part 4 forms the open space provided with the opening part by the 1st open part 5 and the 2nd open part 6 in both ends.

  Here, FIG.3 and FIG.4 is a figure which shows an example of the remodeling method of the hold part 13. FIG. In the hold 13 in the cross section where the hatch cover 13b shown in FIG. 3A is located, a part of the top side tank 13c leaves the hatch cover 13b and the upper deck 14 as shown in FIG. 3B. It is removed in the state. The width W of the removed portion of the top side tank 13c is set to be wider by Δw than the horizontal portion of the bottom portion 13d of the hold 13. This is for securing a working space on the ship side when accommodating the other ship 8 having the maximum width that can be arranged on the bottom 13d of the hold 13.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.3 (c), the plane part 7 is formed in the upper part of the upper deck 14. As shown in FIG. A part of the flat surface portion 7 is constituted by the upper surface of the hatch cover 13 b of the hold portion 13. Therefore, in the portion where the hatch cover 13b is disposed, the flat surface portion 7 is expanded toward the ship side. The flat surface portion 7 is supported on the upper deck 14 by a reinforcing member 71 disposed in the longitudinal direction and a reinforcing member 72 disposed in the width direction outside the reinforcing member 71. The flat surface portion 7 may not be extended to the outside of the hatch cover 13b, or may be extended to the ship side as much as possible.

  In the hold 13 in the cross section where the hatch cover 13b shown in FIG. 4 (a) is not located, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), a part of the top side tank 13c is removed with the upper deck 14 left. Is done. The width W of the removed portion of the top side tank 13c is set to be wider by Δw than the horizontal portion of the bottom portion 13d of the hold 13. Moreover, the upper stool 13e arrange | positioned at the lower part of the upper deck 14 is also removed, and the height of the accommodating part 4 is ensured.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.4 (c), the plane part 7 is formed in the upper part of the upper deck 14. As shown in FIG. The planar portion 7 includes a reinforcing member 71 arranged in the longitudinal direction, a reinforcing member 72 arranged in the width direction outside the reinforcing member 71, and a reinforcing member 73 arranged in the width direction between the reinforcing members 71. Therefore, it is supported on the upper deck 14. The reinforcing member 73 is formed, for example, by processing the upper stool 13e. Therefore, a part of the plane portion 7 is constituted by a plate material that is disposed between the hatch covers 13b and forms the same plane as the upper surface of the hatch cover 13b, and the plate material is removed from the hold portion 13 (for example, an upper stool 13e). The upper member 14 is supported by a reinforcing member 73 formed from the above.

  In addition, the plane part 7 is illustrated by a shaded portion in FIG. 1B, and a portion constituted by the hatch cover 13b is illustrated by a broken line. Thus, the plane part 7 is arrange | positioned on the upper deck 14 between the 1st open part 5 and the 2nd open part 6, and comprises the vast work space.

  The plane portion 7 includes a movable roof 75 that is movably disposed on the plane portion 7, a dangerous material storage warehouse 76 that stores dangerous materials carried out from the other ship 8, and used parts that are carried out from the other ship 8. A used parts storage warehouse 77 for storing The movable roof 75 is intended to protect workers who perform secondary spreading and sorting work on the flat part 7 and tools and parts placed on the flat part 7 from wind and rain and direct sunlight. The movable roof 75 is configured to be movable by lateral pulling or electric movement of a crane by, for example, a rail disposed on the flat surface portion 7 and a wheel rolling on the rail. The movable roof 75 may be omitted when not necessary, or may be fixed when it is not necessary to move. Further, the dangerous goods storage warehouse 76 and the used parts storage warehouse 77 may be omitted if unnecessary, or other warehouses may be added.

  The connection block 3 has a communication part 32 communicating with the housing part 4 and the first opening part 5 and has a hull structure similar to that of the ship 1. That is, the connection block 3 is a part that extends the hull structure of the cutting part 11 a of the ship 1. The length L of the connecting block 3 is arbitrarily set according to the length of the bow portion 11 to be cut and the length of the other vessel 8 scheduled to be accommodated in the accommodating portion 4. In addition, the connection block 3 is connected with the cutting part 11a by welding.

  In addition, an open / close gate 31 is disposed at the tip of the connection block 3. As the open / close gate 31, for example, a hinge type having a height of about 4 m is adopted. As shown in FIG. 2C, the open / close gate 31 is configured to be rotatable in the range of 0 to 90 degrees clockwise. When the open / close gate 31 is at a position of 0 degrees, it is in a closed state, and the accommodating portion 4 is sealed in a watertight manner by the open / close gate 31 to prevent water from entering the accommodating portion 4. Further, when the open / close gate 31 is 90 degrees, the open / close gate 31 is in an open state and allows water to enter the housing portion 4.

  Furthermore, a wire brush (not shown) for scraping off shells attached to the ship side of the other ship 8 accommodated in the accommodating portion 4 may be disposed on the inner surface of the connecting block 3. The wire brush is configured to be rotatable while being pressed against the ship side of the other ship 8. Further, a bucket (not shown) for receiving the scraped shells may be disposed on the bottom surface of the connection block 3.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the stern portion 12 of the ship 1 is provided with a residential area 121, a main engine 122, a propeller 123, a rudder plate 124, and the like, as shown in FIG. 2 (b). At this stage, the main engine 122, the propeller 123, and the rudder blade 124 are removed. Similarly, the generator, shaft system, rudder, and their associated equipment in the engine room are also removed. By removing these parts, the floating dock 2 can be reduced in weight, and reusable parts can be diverted or resold. Also, in the vacant space in the engine room, an oil-water separator that collects and separates residual oil and leaked oil during dismantling, an incinerator that incinerates incineration objects during dismantling, and a foam fire extinguisher device that extinguishes fire in the hold In addition, equipment such as a ventilation or air blower in the hold and a land power receiving facility are newly installed or diverted. In addition, you may substitute a portable thing for a foam fire extinguisher apparatus.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.1 (b), the several cranes 91-94 are arrange | positioned on the upper deck 14. As shown in FIG. The crane 91 is a crane capable of handling cargo between the housing part 4 and the flat part 7 via the second opening part 6. The cranes 92 and 93 are cranes that can handle cargo between the housing part 4 and the flat part 7 via the first opening part 5. The crane 94 is a crane that can carry goods on the flat surface portion 7. Moreover, the cranes 91 and 92 arrange | positioned at the sea side are utilized also when laying off the other ship 8 and removing a protrusion. The number of these cranes 91-94 can be adjusted as needed, and a portal crane traveling on the flat surface portion 7 may be arranged.

  Further, the mooring machine 111, the lifting machine 112, and the hydraulic pressure supply device (not shown) arranged at the bow part 11 of the ship 1 are respectively moved to the floating dock 2. As shown in FIG. 1B, the mooring machine 111 is moved to an arbitrary location on the shore side. As shown in FIG. 1A, the lifting machine 112 is moved to the front end of the engine room, and is arranged in the housing part 4 so that the wire locking part can be pulled out, and used as a winch. For example, the hydraulic pressure supply device is moved to the lower part of the upper deck of the connection block 3. Residential areas 121, ballast pumps, ballast lines, bilge pumps, auxiliary boilers, air compressors, sewage treatment equipment, etc. shall be used as they are without being removed, and power and fresh water will basically be provided from the land side. To do.

  Next, refurbishment in the accommodating portion 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. The refurbishment in the accommodating portion 4 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is particularly useful for the removal work of the other ship 8. In Fig.5 (a), the other ship 8 accommodated is shown with the dashed-dotted line. As shown in FIG. 5A, the partition wall 13a is removed with the side portions 13f left. By leaving the both side portions 13f, the strength of the floating dock 2 can be maintained. In addition, you may make it form the vertical passage 13g, the ladder 13h, etc. in the both sides 13f.

  The accommodating portion 4 has a pair of rails 41 arranged vertically in the middle of the both side portions 13f, and a platform 42 movably spanned on the rails 41. The platform 42 can be moved on the rail 41 in accordance with this progress. Furthermore, the platform 42 is configured to be able to move about several meters in the vertical direction in accordance with the depth dimension of the other ship 8.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the rail 41 is made of, for example, a T-type or H-type steel material (web). On the rail 41, a traveling carriage 43 having a bowl shape in cross section is disposed via guide rollers 431 and 432. The guide roller 431 is configured to be rotatable by an electric motor (not shown) and rolls on the rail 41. The guide roller 432 maintains the posture of the traveling carriage 43 following the side surface on the rail 41. A guide rail 44 extending in the vertical direction is disposed on the surface of the traveling carriage 43 on the housing portion 4 side. The guide rail 44 is made of, for example, a T-type or H-type steel material (web). A plurality of guide rollers 421 disposed on the platform 42 are locked to the guide rail 44 so as to be able to roll. The platform 42 is moved up and down along the guide rail 44 by, for example, a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). Therefore, the platform 42 is configured to be movable in the front-rear direction and the vertical direction of the floating dock 2 in the housing portion 4. By disposing such a platform 42, it is not necessary to assemble a scaffold for removal work, and the hull cutting work can be performed.

  The platform 42 includes a cab 422 disposed on the platform 42 and a cutting machine 423 that can be remotely operated from the cab 422. The cab 422 is arranged so as to be movable in the horizontal direction on the platform 42, and for example, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, two cabs 422 are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the platform 42. By disposing the cab 422 in this way, the dismantling work can be performed for each region obtained by dividing the cross section of the other ship 8 into four parts, which is efficient. Of course, one cab 422 may be provided, or one cab may be arranged at the top and bottom. A manipulator 424 that can be operated from the operation room 422 is disposed in the operation room 422, and a cutting machine 423 such as a gas fusing machine is connected to the tip of the operation room 422. As the manipulator 424, for example, a multi-joint that can contract the arm portion is used. The fuel (oxygen, LPG, etc.) of the cutting machine 423 is supplied from a tank (not shown) arranged in the open section of the upper deck 14 or the flat portion 7 or a cylinder (not shown) arranged in the platform 42. . The piping or hose connecting these fuel supply sources and the cutting machine 423 is configured to be flexible or replaceable so as to follow the movement of the platform 42. As described above, the operator's cab 422 is arranged so that the cutting machine 423 can be remotely operated, so that it is not necessary for the worker to approach the cutting part of the cutting work and the work can be performed safely. Note that the cab 422 forming the isolated space as shown in the figure may be omitted, and the cutting machine disposed on the platform 42 may be remotely operated.

  Further, at least a pair of rails 45 arranged in a longitudinal manner, a traveling girder 46 movably stretched on the rails 45, and a magnet crane 47 disposed on the traveling girder 46 are provided on the ceiling portion of the accommodating portion 4. Have. The rail 45, traveling girder 46, and magnet crane 47 constitute a so-called overhead crane. In FIG. 5 (a), a pair of rails 45 are arranged on the port side and starboard side, respectively, and a traveling girder 46 is bridged. In each traveling girder 46, for example, two magnet cranes 47 are arranged. By disposing such an overhead crane, the blocks disassembled by the cutting machine 423 can be individually conveyed on the port side and starboard side, which is efficient. In addition, by adopting the magnet crane 47, the block can be transported without requiring a slinging operation. One magnet crane 47 may be arranged for each.

  Subsequently, a method for removing a ship according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the ship dismantling method according to the present invention, (a) is a state where another ship is drawn in, (b) is a state where the open / close gate is closed, (c) Indicates the state in which the interior of the housing is drained. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a method for canceling a ship according to the present invention, wherein (a) shows an initial stage of cancellation, (b) shows an intermediate stage of cancellation, and (c) shows an final stage of cancellation. . FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a ship removing method according to the present invention, where (a) shows a case of a small bulk carrier, (b) shows a case of a tanker, and (c) shows a case of a product tanker. . FIGS. 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams at the time of completion of berthing of the ship according to the present invention, in which FIG. 10A shows a case of a container ship, FIG. 10B shows a case of a dedicated car ship, and FIG. ing. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a ship entering and retracting according to the present invention, where (a) shows a parallel state, (b) shows a backward movement state, (c) shows a turning state, and (d) shows a column state. ing. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of hull movement accompanying the progress of ship removal according to the present invention, where (a) shows a winch connected state and (b) shows a retracted state. In addition, about the same component as embodiment of the floating dock 2 mentioned above, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The method for removing a ship according to the present invention is a method for removing a ship using a floating dock 2 manufactured by remodeling a ship 1 having a bow part 11, a stern part 12, a hold part 13, and an upper deck 14. The floating dock 2 includes a connecting block 3 connected to a cutting part 11 a obtained by cutting the bow part 11, an accommodation part 4 formed by removing the partition wall 13 a arranged in the hold part 13, and an upper part of the accommodation part 4. The first open part 5 formed by removing a part close to the bow part 11 of the upper deck 14 arranged in the upper part 14 and a part near the stern part 12 of the upper deck 14 arranged on the accommodating part 4 And a second opening 6 formed by removing the flat surface 7 formed on the upper deck 14 between the first opening 5 and the second opening 6, and the connecting block 3 is And an open / close gate 31 that allows or prevents water intrusion into the housing portion 4. The floating dock 2 is submerged halfway with the door 31 open, the other ship 8 to be dismantled is drawn into the housing portion 4, the interior of the housing portion 4 is drained with the open / close gate 31 closed, and the first opening The dismantling work of the residence area 83 and the engine room 85 of the other ship 8 performed from the part 5 side and the dismantling work of the hull 84 of the other ship 8 performed from the second opening part 6 side are processed in parallel. Secondary dissemination, separation work or maintenance work is performed. Refer to FIG. 2 for the structure of the ship 1 before being converted to the floating dock 2.

  FIG. 7A shows a state in which the floating dock 2 is moored on the quay, the floating dock 2 is semi-submerged with the open / close gate 31 open, and the other ship 8 to be dismantled is drawn into the accommodating portion 4. It is shown. When the other ship 8 is pulled into the storage unit 4, a board (not shown) that matches the shape of the bottom of the other ship 8 is disposed at the bottom of the storage unit 4. In addition, the platform 42 in the accommodating portion 4 is retracted to the residential area 121 side of the floating dock 2. Then, when the other ship 8 that has been levitated is drawn into the accommodating part 4 by using the winch (lifter 112) arranged in the engine room, the living area 83 of the other ship 8 is connected to the communication part 32 of the connecting block 3. Is passed through the first open portion 5 of the floating dock 2. Here, a Panamax-class bulk carrier is assumed as the other ship 8. Further, when a wire brush (not shown) is disposed on the connecting block 3, shells attached to the ship side can be scraped off when the other ship 8 is drawn into the accommodating part 4.

  FIG. 7B illustrates a state in which the open / close gate 31 is closed. By closing the open / close gate 31 in this manner, the accommodating portion 4 can be sealed in a watertight manner, and water intrusion into the accommodating portion 4 can be prevented.

  FIG. 7C illustrates a state in which the inside of the accommodating portion 4 has been drained. When draining, existing ballast pumps, ballast lines, bilge pumps, and the like can be used. In order to use the ballast line, an opening that communicates with the ballast tank may be formed at the bottom of the housing portion 4. In addition, after the completion of the dry-up of the storage unit 4 and before the dismantling operation of the other ship 8, the remaining oil in the fuel tank and the cargo tank of the other ship 8 may be processed to perform gas-free and sludge frying.

  FIG. 8A illustrates the initial stage of dismantling, in which the dismantling work of the residence area 83 of the other ship 8 and the dismantling work of the bow of the hull 84 of the other ship 8 are processed in parallel. . For the dismantling work of the residential area 83, for example, the blocks disassembled (primary dissemination) using the cranes 92 and 93 are transported onto the flat surface portion 7, and the secondary dispersal is performed on the flat surface portion 7. After that, it is sorted into dangerous goods, waste materials, reusable used parts, etc. In addition, after dismantling and removal of the residential area 83, all equipment in the engine room 85, all equipment such as storage tanks are disassembled, disassembled or removed, and transported onto the flat surface portion 7 using the cranes 92 and 93. Disassembly and separation on the flat surface portion 7, maintenance work as used equipment, etc. are performed. That is, secondary dismantling is performed on the flat surface portion 7 after dismantling the residential area 83, and disassembly or maintenance is performed on the flat surface portion 7 after disassembling or taking out the equipment in the engine room 85.

  A cutting machine 423 (see FIG. 5) disposed on the platform 42 and a magnet crane 47 (see FIG. 5) disposed on the ceiling are used for dismantling the hull 84. Such dismantling work corresponds to so-called primary dissemination, and after the hull 84 is disassembled into blocks of a predetermined size by the cutting machine 423, it is transported to the vacant bottom of the accommodating part 4 by the magnet crane 47 and subjected to secondary dissemination. . A cutting machine (not shown) and a press machine (not shown) are arranged below the second opening 6, and the steel material that has been separated is moved by a forklift or the like (not shown) and cut.・ Press to produce scrap products. For example, the scrap is packed in a bucket 95 and is unloaded on the flat surface portion 7 by the crane 91. The unloaded scrap is separated into dangerous goods and waste materials. Note that the cutting machine and the press machine may be arranged in the accommodating part 4 after the completion of the dry-up of the accommodating part 4 or arranged in advance in a space surrounded by the bottom of the accommodating part 4 so as not to be submerged. Also good.

  Therefore, in the present invention, after dismantling the residential area 83, secondary disintegration is performed on the plane portion 7, and after disassembling the hull 84, secondary dispersal is performed in the accommodating portion 4, The parts 7 are unloaded and sorted.

  FIG. 8B illustrates the middle stage of dismantling, and the dismantling work for unloading the main engine from the engine room 85 of the other ship 8 and the dismantling work for the middle part of the hull 84 are performed in parallel. Processing. Further, when the hull 84 is dismantled, if the floating dock 2 has the platform 42 arranged in the middle stage of the accommodating portion 4 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the hull 84, the dismantling work of the hull 84 is progressing. At the same time, the platform 42 is moved. Further, when the floating dock 2 has an overhead crane (for example, a magnet crane 47) disposed on the ceiling portion of the accommodating portion 4 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the hull 84, the hull 84 is removed from the platform 42. You may make it disassemble into a block and convey a block to the vicinity of the 2nd open part 6 with an overhead crane.

  FIG. 8 (c) illustrates the final stage of dismantling, dismantling work to unload generators and other ancillary equipment from the engine room 85 of the other ship 8, and dismantling work on the stern side of the hull 84. Are processed in parallel. The platform 42 is moved in accordance with the progress of the dismantling work of the hull 84. In addition, when a certain amount of scrap, dangerous goods, used parts and the like are collected on the flat surface portion 7, they are shipped from the floating dock 2 by the crane 94 or the like. Here, the scrap is shipped on a barge 96 that is laid on the floating dock 2. Of course, you may make it ship on the truck arranged by the quay side.

  Next, a method for removing ships of different ship types will be described with reference to FIGS. In each figure, the dismantling work after entering the other ship 8 is substantially the same as described above, and therefore will be described in the state of entering. In addition, the ship type of the other ship 8 shown in each figure is a mere example, and the other ship 8 is not limited to the ship type shown in figure.

  FIG. 9A illustrates the case where the other ship 8 is a small bulk carrier. In the case of a small bulk carrier, as compared with the above-mentioned Panamax-class bulk carrier, only the total length of the ship is short, and it can be inserted into the floating dock 2 without any problem. However, the projecting portions 86 such as the fore mast, post, and deck crane are cut in a state where they are laid and moored on the floating dock 2 before entering the cage, and are removed by the cranes 91 and 92. That is, after cutting a portion (projecting portion 86) that does not fit in the housing portion 4 of the other ship 8, the other boat 8 is drawn into the housing portion 4. Even in the case of the above-described Panamax-class bulk carrier, in the case where the protruding portion is provided, similarly, the protruding portion may be cut and then drawn into the accommodating portion 4. 9A to 9C, the protruding portion 86 to be cut or removed is indicated by a broken line.

  FIG. 9B illustrates the case where the other ship 8 is a tanker. Also in the case of a tanker, after the projecting portion 86 is cut, the other ship 8 can be drawn into the accommodating portion 4 and inserted into the floating dock 2.

  FIG. 9C shows a case where the other ship 8 is a product tanker. Also in the case of a product tanker, after the projecting portion 86 is cut, the other ship 8 can be drawn into the accommodating portion 4 and inserted into the floating dock 2.

  FIG. 10A illustrates the case where the other ship 8 is a container ship. In the container ship shown in the figure, the bulwark of the bow tower constitutes the protruding portion 86. The protruding portion 86 is cut in a state where it is laid and moored on the floating dock 2 before entering. 10A to 10C, the protruding portion 86 to be cut or removed is shaded.

  FIG. 10B illustrates a case where the other ship 8 is a car dedicated ship (PCC). In the illustrated car carrier, the residential area and the uppermost deck form the protruding portion 86. The protruding portion 86 is cut in a state where it is laid and moored on the floating dock 2 before entering. In an automobile-only ship, there are many cutting parts, but because the residential area is low-rise and there is a car deck inside the hull, cutting work can be performed easily.

  FIG. 10C illustrates the case where the other ship 8 is a chip-only ship. In the chip dedicated ship shown in the figure, a fore mast, a deck crane, a hopper, and the like constitute the protruding portion 86. The protrusion 86 is more efficient if it is cut before entering. For example, a chip-dedicated ship is placed on the floating dock 2 and moored, and the protruding portion 86 is cut or disassembled and removed. After that, the other ship 8 is drawn into the accommodating portion 4 and entered into the floating dock 2.

  Here, FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the ship entering and retracting according to the present invention, and the state is changed from the state where the other ship 8 is moored to the floating dock 2 (parallel state) to the column state just before the entry. The procedure is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, in the parallel state, the other ship 8 is moored by the three mooring machines 111 arranged on the sea side of the floating dock 2, and the protruding portion 86 (see FIG. 9) is cut or Dismantle and remove. After the predetermined work is completed, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), the mooring line 10 is connected to the mooring machine 111 arranged on the land side of the floating dock 2 through the roller 101 arranged on the quay. The mooring line 10 is wound up and moved backward by the mooring machine 111 arranged on the land side while the ship 8 is connected and the mooring line 10 connected to the mooring machine 111 arranged on the sea side is replaced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11C, the stern side of the other ship 8 is turned while the mooring line 10 is wound and replaced. Finally, as shown in FIG. 11 (d), the other ship 8 is changed to the vertical state by winding the mooring line 10 connected to the bow portion side of the other ship 8. At this time, the float type rubber fender 102 is arranged on the quay so that the other ship 8 does not collide with the quay.

  Finally, a description will be given of an example of hull movement that accompanies the progress of removal of a ship according to the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 12, when the floating dock 2 has a winch (lifting machine 112) arranged in the housing portion 4 so that the wire locking portion can be pulled out, the floating dock 2 matches the progress of the dismantling work of the hull 84. In this way, the dismantling work is performed while pulling in the other ship 8.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 12A, when the dismantling operation of the other ship 8 proceeds to the stern part side, the distance for transporting the dismantled block with the overhead crane becomes long. A winch (lifter 112) is connected to the hull 84 and the hull 84 is pulled in, and the hull 84 is rearranged at a position close to the second opening 6. By such an operation, the distance for transporting the dismantled block by the overhead crane can be shortened, and the dismantling work can be advanced efficiently. Note that the propeller 86 and the rudder plate 87 arranged outside the stern portion 82 of the other ship 8 may be disassembled and removed using the cranes 92 and 93 or the overhead crane 47 before the main movement.

  According to the above-described method for removing a ship according to the present invention, since the floating dock 2 is manufactured using a large ship to be discarded, a smaller ship than the modified large ship is placed in the floating dock 2. It can be accommodated and removed. Therefore, the dock construction cost can be suppressed, the unloading work can be performed in a stable state, and the remaining oil, sludge, and the like can be prevented from scattering to the sea. Further, by using the floating dock 2 according to the present invention, the dismantling work of the residential area 83 and the hull 84 of the other ship 8 can be performed in parallel, and the pre-processing and post-processing of the dismantling work are also performed in the floating dock 2. It is possible to perform the above, the removal work can be performed smoothly, and the number of work days can be greatly reduced. Therefore, the cost of the removal work can be reduced and the environmental load can be reduced, and the modernization of the ship removal work can be achieved.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such as the floating dock 2 can be used for inspection work and repair work other than the unloading work of the other ship 8. Of course, it is possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship 2 Floating dock 3 Connecting block 4 Housing | casing part 5 First opening part 6 Second opening part 7 Plane part 8 Other ship 11 Bow part 11a Cutting part 12 Stern part 13 Hull part 13a Bulkhead 13b Hatch cover 13c Top side tank 13f Both sides Part 14 Upper deck 31 Opening and closing gate 32 Communication part 41 Rail 42 Platform 45 Rail 46 Traveling girder 47 Magnet crane 71, 72, 73 Reinforcement member 75 Moving roof 76 Hazardous material storage warehouse 77 Used parts storage warehouse 83 Residence area 84 Hull 112 Lifting Winch
422 cab 423 cutting machine

Claims (22)

A floating dock manufactured by remodeling a ship having a bow, stern, hold, and upper deck,
A connecting block connected to a cutting part obtained by cutting the bow part;
An accommodating portion formed by removing a partition wall arranged in the hold portion;
A first opening portion formed by removing a portion of the upper deck disposed on the housing portion near the bow portion;
A second opening formed by removing a portion of the upper deck arranged on the housing part near the stern part; and
A flat portion formed on the upper deck between the first open portion and the second open portion,
The connection block includes an open / close gate that allows or blocks water intrusion into the housing portion,
With the opening / closing gate open, the other ship is drawn into the housing part, and the housing part is drained with the opening / closing gate closed. The work is performed from the second open part side to the bow part side of the other ship, so that the pre-treatment or post-treatment of the work for the other ship can be performed in the plane part.
Floating dock characterized by that.   The floating ship according to claim 1, wherein the ship has a double ship bottom structure or a double hull structure.   2. The floating dock according to claim 1, wherein the cutting portion is a portion closer to the stern portion than a portion where the bottom portion of the ship starts to narrow.   The floating dock according to claim 1, wherein the partition wall is removed with both side portions left.   2. The floating dock according to claim 1, wherein a part of a top side tank is removed while leaving the upper deck.   2. The floating dock according to claim 1, wherein the connection block has a communication portion that communicates with the housing portion and the first opening portion, and has a hull structure similar to that of the ship.   2. The floating dock according to claim 1, wherein a part of the flat portion is configured by an upper surface of a hatch cover of the hold portion.   A part of the plane part is configured by a plate material that is disposed between the hatch covers and forms the same plane as the upper surface, and the plate material is supported by a reinforcing member formed from a steel material removed from the hold part. The floating dock according to claim 7, wherein the floating dock is disposed on an upper deck.   2. The floating dock according to claim 1, further comprising a crane capable of cargo handling between the storage portion and the flat portion via the first opening portion or the second opening portion.   The floating dock according to claim 1, wherein the work is a work for removing the other ship.   The accommodating part has a pair of rails arranged vertically in the middle of both side parts, and a platform movably spanned on the rails, and according to the progress of the removal work of the other ship The floating dock according to claim 10, wherein the platform is moved on the rail.   The floating dock according to claim 11, comprising: a cab arranged on the platform; and a cutting machine that can be remotely operated from the cab.   It has a winch arranged so that the wire locking part can be pulled out into the housing part, and the unwinding work is performed while pulling in the other ship according to the progress of the unwinding work by the winch. The floating dock according to claim 10.   It has at least a pair of rails arranged vertically on the ceiling portion of the accommodating portion, a traveling girder movably stretched on the rails, and a magnet crane disposed on the traveling girder. The floating dock according to claim 1.   The plane portion includes a movable roof movably arranged on the plane portion, a dangerous material storage warehouse for storing dangerous materials carried out from the other ship, and a used part for storing used parts carried out from the other ship. The floating dock according to claim 1, further comprising a parts storage warehouse. A method for removing a ship using a floating dock manufactured by remodeling a ship having a bow, stern part, hold part and upper deck,
The floating dock includes a connection block connected to a cut portion obtained by cutting the bow portion, a storage portion formed by removing a partition wall disposed in the hold portion, and the upper portion disposed on the storage portion. A first open portion formed by removing a portion near the bow portion of the deck and a portion near the stern portion of the upper deck disposed on the accommodating portion are formed. A second open part, and a flat part formed on the upper deck between the first open part and the second open part, and the connection block allows water to enter the storage part or With an open / close gate to block,
Submerged the floating dock with the open / close gate open,
Pull the other ship to be lifted into the housing,
Draining the inside of the accommodating portion with the open / close gate closed,
Processing in parallel the dismantling work of the residence area or engine room of the other ship performed from the first opening part side and the dismantling work of the hull of the other ship performed from the second opening part side,
Secondary separation on the flat part, so as to perform separation work or maintenance work,
A method for removing a ship characterized by that.   After dismantling the residential area, perform secondary separation on the flat part, disassemble or remove the equipment in the engine room, disassemble or maintain on the flat part, and dismantle the hull, and then inside the housing part The method for removing a ship according to claim 16, wherein the secondary separation is performed and the sorting operation is performed by unloading the flat portion from the second open portion.   The ship dismantling method according to claim 16, wherein a part of the other ship that does not fit in the accommodation part is cut, and then the other ship is drawn into the accommodation part.   The method for dismantling a ship according to claim 16, wherein before the dismantling operation of the other ship, the residual oil in the fuel tank or the coin tank of the other ship is processed to perform gas-free or sludge frying. .   The floating dock has a platform arranged in a middle stage of the housing portion so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the hull, and the platform is moved in accordance with the progress of the dismantling work of the hull. The method for removing a ship according to claim 16.   The floating dock includes an overhead crane disposed on a ceiling portion of the housing portion so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the hull. The floating dock is disassembled into blocks from the platform, and the blocks are removed by the overhead crane. 21. The method for removing a ship according to claim 20, wherein the ship is transported to two open portions.   The floating dock has a winch arranged so that a wire locking part can be pulled out into the housing part, and the dismantling work is performed while the other ship is pulled in by the winch in accordance with the progress of the dismantling work of the hull. The ship dismantling method according to claim 16, wherein: