JP5529621B2 - Smoke particle removal device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a soot purification device capable of purifying soot emitted from the chimney of, for example, a thermal power plant, an ironworks, or a factory that incinerates industrial waste.

In order to remove harmful particulates contained in a gas such as combustion exhaust gas, a harmful particulate removing apparatus configured to bring such gas into contact with a liquid such as water is known. The methods are roughly classified into two. The first is that the above gas is ejected from a nozzle arranged in water, and harmful fine particles in the gas are adsorbed to water and separated while rising as bubbles in the water (Patent Documents 1 and 2). .

No. 2 is a nozzle arranged to inject water from the pipe end in the path through which gas containing harmful particulates passes, and adsorbs the harmful particulates when water droplets collide with harmful particulates. Yes (Patent Documents 3, 4, and 5).

In addition to this, there is also proposed a method in which harmful fine particles are melted and dissolved in water vapor using high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and water or the like is sprayed thereon to rapidly cool to obtain a contaminated solution (Patent Document). 6).
JP-A-9-192438 JP-A-9-271623 JP 2000-229217 A JP 2000-312002 A JP 2000-308808 A JP 2007-98379 A

Although the application of the above-described prior art can be considered to remove soot containing fine solids generated by incomplete combustion, that is, soot particles, in the techniques of Patent Documents 1 and 2, bubbles are generated and generated bubbles. Soot particles are adsorbed on the surface and the bubbles are broken to separate the water containing the smoke particles. However, a surfactant is required to efficiently generate bubbles, and the generated bubbles are further broken. There is a problem that a device is required and the cost is high, and there is a problem that complete removal is difficult because all the smoke particles are not necessarily adsorbed to the bubbles.
In the techniques of Patent Documents 3, 4, and 5, on the contrary, water is sprayed into smoke containing smoke particles and adsorbed on the smoke particles. In this method, the diameter of the sprayed water droplets and the diameter of the smoke particles are both as large as 1 μ to 0.1 μ. Therefore, there is a problem that water droplets are difficult to be adsorbed on the smoke particles due to the surface tension of water. As one solution to that problem, Patent Document 5 proposes a method of generating a swirling flow of gas and water containing smoke particles and causing water droplets to collide with the smoke particles in a swirling flow. There is a problem.

Furthermore, in order to solve this problem, the technique of Patent Document 6 proposes a method of generating high-temperature and high-pressure steam and melting and dissolving soot particles in the steam. The necessity of spraying reaction aids (such as water), the need for a vacuum separation chamber for cooling, the need for a cooling device for rapid cooling, etc. there were.

In view of the problem, the present invention is a soot particle removing device that removes soot particles contained in soot, the soot cleaning tank, the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion furnace, and soot consisting of soot particles in the soot cleaning tank Smoke guiding, steam generating device, steam ejecting means for ejecting steam supplied from the steam generating device into the smoke guiding, and vacuum suction device for sucking water and air in the smoke cleaning tank Have

The soot smoke sucked into the smoke guide from the combustion furnace by the suction force of the decompression suction device and the steam jetted by the steam jetting means are mixed to form steam-containing soot, and the steam-containing soot is inside the smoke guide. As it proceeds toward the soot washing tank, it becomes a supersaturated steam state due to a temperature drop, and further, the supersaturated steam is liquefied, forming a thin water film layer on the surface of the soot particles contained in the steam-containing soot. ,

The soot washing tank sucks the steam-containing soot from the smoke inlet, submerges the water stored inside, takes in the soot particles whose surface is covered with a thin water film layer, and takes in the soot particles. In addition, the present invention provides a soot particle removing device that removes the soot particles contained in the soot by sucking the soot particles-containing water with the vacuum suction device and discharging it to the outside of the soot washing tank.

The present invention surrounds the smoke particles with water vapor having a diameter of 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ μ to 1 × 10 ⁻⁶ μ much smaller than the smoke particles having a particle size of 0.1 μm to 1.0 μm, and simultaneously cools the surface of the smoke particles. Innumerable water droplets are generated by covering the smoke particles with a thin water film layer, so that the smoke particles can be easily and completely removed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples.

FIG. 1 shows an overall view of Embodiment 1 of the soot particle removing apparatus of the present invention.
The present soot particle removing device includes a combustion furnace 10, a steam generator 20, a soot cleaning tank 30, and a vacuum suction device 40, and guides soot composed of combustion exhaust gas and soot particles discharged from the incinerator 10 to the soot cleaning tank 30. Smoke 15, a conduit 25 for supplying water vapor from the steam generator 20 to the smoke guide 15, and a pressure-reducing device 40 from the soot washing tank 30 for suctioning combustion exhaust gas from which soot particles have been removed from soot 35 as constituent elements.

The soot 100 discharged from the combustion furnace 10 is discharged to the smoke guide 15 connected to the smoke outlet 13. The smoke guide 15 is connected to the smoke inlet 33 of the soot cleaning tank 30, and a steam supply pipe 25 is connected to the middle point thereof.

A state of connection between the smoke guide 15 and the water supply pipe 25 is shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a developed view in which a part of the outer periphery of the smoke guide 15 is removed and the connection of the pipe line 25 can be observed. As shown in FIG. 1, the water vapor generating device 20 is connected to the pipe line 25, and the water vapor 600 generated from the water vapor generating apparatus 20 is sent to the nozzle 26 installed at the end of the pipe line 25. It spouts out from the tip of the. The water vapor 600 is mixed with the soot 100 discharged from the smoke exhaust port 13 of the combustion furnace 10 to become a steam-containing soot 200. The temperature of the water vapor generated by the water vapor generator 20 is sufficient from 110 ° C. to 140 ° C., and the pressure may be slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure, but is not limited thereto.

FIG. 4 shows a configuration of the soot cleaning tank 30 to which the smoke guide 15 is connected.
In the smoke cleaning tank 30, the smoke guide 15 is connected to the smoke inlet 33, and a pipe line 35 is connected to the exhaust port 36. Purified water 500 is stored in the soot cleaning tank 30 so that the smoke inlet 33 is sufficiently covered. When the vacuum suction device 40 is operated, the internal gas in the soot cleaning tank 30 is sucked through the pipe 35, so that the purified gas 300 in the soot cleaning tank 30 is output to the exhaust pipe 45 of the vacuum suction apparatus 40 through the pipe 35. Is done.

Further, when the vacuum suction device 40 continues to operate, the suction force causes the water 500 stored in the smoke purification device 30 for purification to float, but the smoke suction device 33 is connected to the smoke guide 15 through the smoke suction port 33. Therefore, the steam-containing soot 200 filled in the smoke guide 15 is sucked into the purification water 500, and at that time, the soot particles are taken into the purification water 500, and other combustion exhaust gas Gas and water vapor come out as purified gas 300.

That is, the steam-containing soot 200 is a mixture of the soot 100 discharged from the combustion furnace 10 and the steam 600 generated by the steam generator 20, and the temperature of the mixture immediately exceeds 100 ° C., When the smoke guide 15 to the tip of 26 and the smoke suction port 33 of the smoke cleaning tank 30 is sufficiently long, it is cooled due to the outside air temperature of the smoke guide 15, and as it approaches the smoke cleaning tank 30, the temperature becomes lower. It becomes supersaturated.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the steam-containing soot 200, the smoke particles 70 and the water vapor particles 80 are free to fly (the cross-sectional view in FIG. 6 (A)), but the size of the smoke particles 70 ( Since the size of the water vapor particles (particle size 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ μ to 1 × 10 ⁻⁶ μ) is 1 / 10,000 or less with respect to the particle size of 1 μ to 0.1 μ), the water vapor particles 80 eventually become the huge smoke particles 70. It is captured and arranged so as to wrap the smoke particles 70 ((B) cross-sectional view in FIG. 6). When the supersaturated state is reached, the water vapor particles enclosing the soot particles 70 are liquefied quickly, and as a result, a water film layer 90 is formed that covers the surface of the soot particles 70 thinly ((C) cross-sectional view in FIG. 6).

In the state where the thin water film layer 90 is formed on the surface of the soot particles 70 as described above, the steam-containing smoke 200 is sucked and submerges in the purification water 500 of the soot cleaning tank 30, so the presence of a thin water film layer is present. Thus, the smoke particles 70 are completely taken into the purification water 500. Therefore, the soot particles 70 in the steam-containing soot 200 are almost completely removed, and the combustion exhaust gas becomes a purified gas 300 containing steam.

If the removal of the soot particles is continued for a long time, the supplied water vapor 600 is stored in the purifying water 500 together with the soot particles 70, so that the water level of the purifying water 500 gradually rises, and eventually the soot is smoked. The level of the exhaust port 36 of the cleaning tank 30 is reached.
At this time, the vacuum suction device sucks the purifying gas 300 and simultaneously sucks the purifying water 500 as the water mixed gas 400, outputs the purifying gas 300 to the output pipe 45, and separates the purifying water 500 into the output pipe 46. Output.
In this way, the water level of the purification water 500 in the soot cleaning tank 30 is kept constant without exceeding the exhaust port 36.

In the above description, it has been described that the temperature of the steam-containing soot 200 in the smoke guide 15 is cooled by the outside air temperature of the smoke guide 15, but when the length of the smoke guide 15 cannot be sufficiently long, It is also effective to install the cooling device 50 as shown in FIG. 2 and wind the cooling pipe 55 around the smoke guide 15 to forcibly cool the mixed gas 200.

7 and 8 show a front view and a perspective view, respectively, of a soot cleaning tank with a water conduit of Example 2 of the soot particle removing device of the present invention.
The soot cleaning tank 3000 with the water conduit is used in place of the soot cleaning tank 30 of the first embodiment, and the smoke guide 15 is connected to the smoke inlet 3210 to suck the steam-containing soot 200 and to remove the soot particles. Perform removal.

The smoke cleaning tank 3000 with the water conduit is divided into two chambers, a front chamber 3200 and a rear chamber 3300, by a partition wall 3100. There is a water conduit 3400 that penetrates the partition wall 3100 and penetrates the front and rear chambers. A water pump 3500 with screw wings is installed inside 3400. The front chamber 3200 and the rear chamber 3300 are filled with water for purification 500 to cover the water conduit 3400, and the shaft 3510 of the water pump 3500 with screw blades is connected to an electric motor 3600 installed outside. Then, by rotation of the electric motor 3600, the water pump 3500 with screw blades operates to push the purifying water 500 and the gas contained in the water from the front chamber 3200 side to the rear chamber 3300 side.

The steam-containing soot 200 taken in from the smoke duct 15 connected to the smoke inlet 3210 of the front chamber 3200 becomes supersaturated steam due to a decrease in temperature before reaching the front chamber 3200, and further, the supersaturated steam is water. Thus, the surface of the soot particles of the steam-containing soot is covered with a thin water film layer, so that the soot particles covered with the thin water film layer are taken into the purification water 500 in the front chamber 3200.

In this state, when the water pump 3500 with screw blades is operated, the purification water 500 in the water conduit 3400 is pushed from the front chamber 3200 side to the rear chamber 3300 side, so that the water conduit 3400 in the front chamber 3200 side is pushed. Smoke particles covered with a thin water film layer are taken in together with the purification water 500 from the water absorption window 3410 opened to the rear, and are pushed into the rear chamber 3300 side by the pump 3500 with screw blades, and are located on the rear chamber 3300 side. The water is discharged into the rear chamber 3300 together with the purification water 500 from the drainage window 3420 opened in the water conduit 3400.

Since the water absorption pipe 3710 of the vacuum pump 3700 for pumping water is installed so as to be close to the drainage window 3420, the purification water 500 containing the soot particles exploding from the drainage window 3420 is supplied to the water absorption pipe 3710. It is taken in, sent from the vacuum pump 3700 to the grease trap 3800 through the drain pipe 3720, and the oil and fat dissolved from the soot particles is removed by the grease strap 3800, and is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe 3810.

On the other hand, gas other than the soot particles of the steam-containing soot 200 taken into the front chamber 3200 from the smoke suction port 3210 is also sucked from the water absorption window 3410 in the front chamber 3200 by the operation of the water pump 3500 with screw blades. From the drainage window 3420 of the chamber 3300, it is discharged into the rear chamber 3300, passes through the housings 3910, 3920, 3930 and is discharged to the outside by the action of the exhaust fan 3900.

FIG. 9 shows that the smoke particles covered with the thin water film layer constituting the steam-containing smoke 200 and the gas mainly composed of combustion exhaust gas other than the smoke particles are taken into the water conduit 3400 from the water intake window 3410 of the front chamber 3200. The flow paths are discharged from the drainage window 3420 of the rear chamber 3300 and discharged to the outside by the water supply pump 3700 and the exhaust fan 3900, respectively.

Further, a drain outlet 4000 is provided on the outer wall of the front chamber 3200 in order to keep the water level of the internal purification water 500 at an appropriate level, and the purification water containing the smoke particles by the operation of the water pump 3500 with screw wings is provided. If only the feed to the rear chamber 3300 of the 500 does not keep up with the processing and the water level of the purification water 500 becomes higher than necessary, the purification including the soot particles through the drainage port 4000, the drainage pipe 4010, the grease strap 4020, and the drainage pipe 4030. The water 500 is drained. Before being discharged to the outside, oil and fat that cause environmental pollution are removed by grease strap 4020 and discharged as waste water.

Overall view of the smoke particle removal apparatus of Example 1 Overall view of the smoke particle removal apparatus of Example 1 (forced cooling) Exploded view of connection point between smoke guide and steam pipe Smoke cleaning tank Vacuum suction device Cross section of soot and water vapor particles Front view of the soot cleaning tank of Example 2 The perspective view of the soot cleaning tank of Example 2 Flow of steam-containing smoke in the smoke cleaning tank of Example 2

10: Combustion furnace 13: Smoke outlet 15: Smoke guide 20: Steam generator 25: Steam supply line 26: Steam nozzle tip 30: Smoke washing tank 33: Smoke inlet 35: Purified gas line 36: Exhaust port 40: Depressurized suction device 45: Purified gas exhaust port 46: Purification water drain port 50: Cooling device 55: Cooling pipe 70: Smoke particles 80: Steam particles 90: Thin water film 100: Smoke 200: Smoke containing smoke 300: Purified gas 400: Water mixed gas 500: Purified water 3000: Smoke washing tank with water conduit 3100: Partition 3200: Front chamber 3210: Inlet 3300: Rear chamber 3400: Water conduit 3410: Water intake window 3420: Drain window 3500: Water pump 3510 with screw wings: Water pump shaft 3600: Electric motor 3700: Vacuum pump 3710 : Water absorption pipe 3720: Drain pipe 3800: Grease strap 3810: Drain pipe

3900: Exhaust fans 3910, 3920, 3930; exhaust housing

4000: Drainage port 4010: Drainage pipe 4020: Grease strap 4030: Drainage pipe

Claims (6)

A smoke particle removing device for removing the smoke particles contained in the smoke, a smoke guide, a water vapor generating device, and the water vapor generating device for leading the smoke smoke consisting of the exhaust gas discharged from the smoke purification tank and the combustion furnace and the smoke particles to the smoke purification tank Water vapor ejecting means for ejecting water vapor supplied from the smoke guide and a vacuum suction device for sucking water and air in the soot septic tank,
The smoke smoke sucked into the smoke guide from the combustion furnace by the suction force of the vacuum suction device and the water vapor ejected by the water vapor jet means are mixed to form water vapor soot,
While the steam-containing soot progresses in the smoke guide toward the soot washing tank, it becomes a supersaturated steam state due to a temperature drop, and further, the supersaturated steam is liquefied, and the soot particles contained in the steam-containing soot are Form a thin water film layer on the surface,
The smoke cleaning tank sucks the steam-containing smoke from the smoke inlet,
Dive the water stored inside, take in the smoke particles whose surface is covered with a thin water film,
By sucking the smoke particle-containing water that has taken in the smoke particles with the vacuum suction device and discharging it outside the smoke septic tank,
A soot particle removing device that removes the soot particles contained in the soot. A smoke particle removal device that removes smoke particles contained in smoke,
Smoke guide and steam generator for guiding smoke smoke consisting of exhaust gas and smoke particles discharged from the soot septic tank and combustion furnace to the soot septic tank, and steam jet means for jetting steam supplied from the steam generator into the smoke guide A vacuum pump that mainly sucks water in the soot septic tank, an exhaust fan that exhausts air in the soot septic tank, a front chamber in the soot septic tank that is directly connected to the smoke guide via a smoke suction port, and A screw which penetrates the front and rear chambers and pushes the water contained in the water and the gas taken into the water from the front chamber to the rear chamber by penetrating a partition wall between the vacuum pump and the rear chamber directly connected to the exhaust fan. A water conduit containing a winged water pump,
The soot smoke sucked into the smoke guide from the combustion furnace by the action of the water pump with screw blades and the steam ejected by the steam ejecting means are mixed to form steam-containing soot.
While the steam-containing soot progresses in the flue toward the soot washing tank, it becomes a supersaturated steam state due to a temperature drop, and further, the supersaturated steam is liquefied, and the surface of the soot particles contained in the steam-containing soot A thin water film layer
The smoke cleaning tank sucks the steam-containing smoke from the smoke inlet of the front chamber,
The soot particles whose surface is covered with a thin water film layer are taken into the front chamber by water filled to cover the water conduit,
The water that has taken in the soot particles is taken into the water conduit from the water intake window provided in the front chamber of the water conduit by the action of the water pump with screw wings in the water conduit. Pushed into the chamber, discharged from the drainage window provided in the rear chamber of the water conduit into the rear chamber,
Further, the water is sucked up by a suction pipe of the vacuum pump installed in the immediate vicinity of the drainage window, and discharged as drainage to the outside of the soot septic tank,
Smoke particle removal device characterized by
The smoke particle removing device according to claim 1 or 2,
The length of the smoke guide between the installation position of the steam jetting means and the smoke inlet of the soot washing tank is sufficiently long, and the steam-containing soot is caused by the natural heat release by the external air of the smoke guide portion. While proceeding toward the soot washing tank in the lead, it becomes a supersaturated steam state due to a temperature drop, and further, the supersaturated steam becomes water, and a thin water film layer is formed on the surface of the soot particles contained in the steam-containing soot. A smoke particle removing device characterized by forming.
The smoke particle removing device according to claim 1 or 2,
A forced cooling means installed at the periphery of the smoke guide between the installation position of the water vapor ejection means and the smoke inlet of the soot washing tank;
Due to the action of the forced cooling means, the temperature of the steam-containing soot that travels in the smoke guide toward the soot septic tank is lowered to become a supersaturated steam state, and further, the supersaturated steam becomes water, and the steam-containing soot is converted into water. A smoke particle removing device, wherein a thin water film layer is formed on the surface of the smoke particles contained.
The smoke particle removing device according to claim 1,
The soot particle-containing water and the exhaust gas of the combustion furnace are sucked together by the vacuum suction device, and the soot-containing water is discharged so that the water level of the soot washing tank does not rise above a certain level. Smoke particle removal device.
The smoke particle removing device according to claim 2,
It further has a drain pipe port provided separately in the front chamber in the smoke cleaning tank,
In the operation of the water pump with screw wings, when the soot particle-containing water cannot be drained in time, the soot particle-containing water is also drained through the separately provided drainage pipe, and the water level in the front chamber is higher than a certain level. A soot particle removing device characterized by preventing it from becoming.