JP5512688B2 - 放射性フッ素化 - Google Patents
放射性フッ素化 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5512688B2 JP5512688B2 JP2011531516A JP2011531516A JP5512688B2 JP 5512688 B2 JP5512688 B2 JP 5512688B2 JP 2011531516 A JP2011531516 A JP 2011531516A JP 2011531516 A JP2011531516 A JP 2011531516A JP 5512688 B2 JP5512688 B2 JP 5512688B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- radiofluorinated
- group
- amine
- alkylene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- -1 N-hydroxyazobenzotriazolyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004474 heteroalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-BJUDXGSMSA-M fluorine-18(1-) Chemical compound [18F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-BJUDXGSMSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005549 heteroarylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006376 (C3-C10) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005218 alkyleneheteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007152 ring opening metathesis polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006586 (C3-C10) cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002739 cryptand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane Chemical compound C1COCCOCCNCCOCCOCCN1 NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PXACTUVBBMDKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-bromobenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 PXACTUVBBMDKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- SPXOTSHWBDUUMT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-nitrobenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 SPXOTSHWBDUUMT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005275 alkylenearyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003518 norbornenyl group Chemical class C12(C=CC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005621 tetraalkylammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001515965 unidentified phage Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- QAXLJYYKPKKBGQ-HUYCHCPVSA-N n-(2-fluoranylethyl)-9h-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxamide Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C=NC(C(=O)NCC[18F])=C2 QAXLJYYKPKKBGQ-HUYCHCPVSA-N 0.000 description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- LAZLFOJNNMFIGO-KTXUZGJCSA-N 1-azido-2-fluoranylethane Chemical compound [18F]CCN=[N+]=[N-] LAZLFOJNNMFIGO-KTXUZGJCSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FURHRJBOFNDYTG-KTXUZGJCSA-N 2-fluoranylethanamine Chemical compound NCC[18F] FURHRJBOFNDYTG-KTXUZGJCSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002600 positron emission tomography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003800 Staudinger reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003088 (fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- SLDQAHBRDJMRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-fluoroethyl)benzamide Chemical compound FCCNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SLDQAHBRDJMRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- VJWYARQHIDRRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) 9h-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1OC(=O)C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C2N2)=C2C=N1 VJWYARQHIDRRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTKQMHWYSBWUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-nitropyridin-2-yl) thiohypochlorite Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CN=C1SCl WTKQMHWYSBWUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003161 (C1-C6) alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WXTMDXOMEHJXQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1O WXTMDXOMEHJXQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)C=C1 YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- UDLLFLQFQMACJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azidomethylbenzene Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=NCC1=CC=CC=C1 UDLLFLQFQMACJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-BJUDXGSMSA-N fluorine-18 atom Chemical compound [18F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006588 heterocycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indane Chemical group C1=CC=C2CCCC2=C1 PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tfa trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.OC(=O)C(F)(F)F WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004502 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001399 1,2,3-triazolyl group Chemical group N1N=NC(=C1)* 0.000 description 1
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- JPRPJUMQRZTTED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolanyl Chemical group [CH]1OCCO1 JPRPJUMQRZTTED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005940 1,4-dioxanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HKDFRDIIELOLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dithianyl Chemical group [CH]1CSCCS1 HKDFRDIIELOLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LAZLFOJNNMFIGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-azido-2-fluoroethane Chemical compound FCCN=[N+]=[N-] LAZLFOJNNMFIGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGDYAKVUZMZKRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoroethanol Chemical compound OCCF GGDYAKVUZMZKRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNRDLSNSMTUXBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoroethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)OCCF)C=C1 XNRDLSNSMTUXBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001698 2H-pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004364 3-pyrrolinyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004217 4-methoxybenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940123457 Free radical scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004956 cyclohexylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical class I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002632 imidazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011981 lindlar catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002634 lipophilic molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MJGFBOZCAJSGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury sodium Chemical compound [Na].[Hg] MJGFBOZCAJSGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004957 naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004999 nitroaryl group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002414 normal-phase solid-phase extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxophosphane Chemical compound P=O AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-DSZYJQQASA-N oxytocin Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](N)C(=O)N1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-DSZYJQQASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001723 oxytocin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010647 peptide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003379 purinergic P1 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003072 pyrazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005554 pyridyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012217 radiopharmaceutical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121896 radiopharmaceutical Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002799 radiopharmaceutical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012048 reactive intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001023 sodium amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010378 sodium ascorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M sodium ascorbate Substances [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960005055 sodium ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanoborohydride Chemical compound [Na+].[B-]C#N BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001712 tetrahydronaphthyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B59/00—Introduction of isotopes of elements into organic compounds ; Labelled organic compounds per se
- C07B59/001—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Description
(i)次の式Iaのアジ化物を[18F]−フッ化物イオンの適当な供給源で放射性フッ素化して次の式Ibの放射性フッ素化アジ化物を得る段階であって、前記放射性フッ素化のために適した溶媒中で実施される段階、及び
R1はC1−10アルキレン、C3−10シクロアルキレン、C4−20シクロアルキレン−アルキレン、C5−14アリーレン、C6−20アルキレン−アリーレン、C1−10ヘテロアルキレン、C2−10ヘテロシクロアルキレン、C3−13ヘテロアリーレン、C6−20ヘテロアルキレン−アリーレン、C6−20アルキレン−ヘテロアリーレン又はC6−20ヘテロアルキレン−ヘテロアリーレンであり、R1はC1−4アルキル、C5−10アリール、アミノ、ヒドロキシ、ハロ及びニトロから選択される0〜3の置換基を有し、R1は任意には1以上の保護基を含み、
LGは適当な脱離基である。)
(ii)式Ibの放射性フッ素化アジ化物を還元して次の式Icの放射性フッ素化アミンを得る段階であって、前記還元のために適した溶媒中で実施される段階。
本発明の放射性フッ素化方法では、「[ 18 F]−フッ化物イオンの適当な供給源」という用語は、[18F]フッ素標識(「放射性フッ素化」ともいう)化合物を得るために式IaのLGを置換し得る形態の[18F]−フッ化物イオンを意味する。
2−フルオロエチルアジド)が得られる。この方法は、式Iaを有する多数の他の化合物を得るために応用できる。
(a)還元剤を用いて実施するか、
(b)電気化学的還元によって実施するか、
(c)ホスフィン、次いで加水分解を用いて実施するか、或いは
(d)酸の存在下で元素態銅によって触媒することができる。
(iii)式Icの放射性フッ素化アミンを次の式Idの化合物と反応させる段階であって、前記反応段階のために適した溶媒中で実施される段階。
R2はC1−10アルキル、C1−10ヘテロアルキル、C3−10シクロアルキル、C4−20シクロアルキル−アルキル、C5−14アリール、C3−13ヘテロアリール、C6−20アルキレン−アリール、C6−20ヘテロアルキレン−アリール、C6−20アルキレン−ヘテロアリール及びC6−20ヘテロアルキレン−ヘテロアリールから選択されるR*基であって、R*は任意にはハロ、アミノ、ヒドロキシ及びニトロから選択される1以上の置換基で置換され、或いはR2は生体分子又はナノ粒子であり、R2は任意には1以上の保護基を含み、
R3は適当な活性化基(AG)であって、次の式IIaの放射性フッ素化アミドを与えるか、
或いは
R3はR*基であって、次の式IIbの放射性フッ素化アミンを与える。
「アルキル」、「アリール」、「アミノ」、「ヒドロキシル」、「ハロ」、「ニトロ」及び「保護基」という用語は、前記に定義した通りである。
(iv)R1〜R3のいずれかが1以上の保護基を含む場合、前記保護基を除去する段階、及び/又は
(v)例えばイオン交換クロマトグラフィーによって過剰の[18F]−フッ化物イオンを除去する段階、及び/又は
(vi)前記適した溶媒が有機溶媒である場合、前記溶媒を除去する段階、及び/又は
(vii)前記式IIaの放射性フッ素化アミド又は前記式IIbの放射性フッ素化アミンを生体適合性キャリヤーと共に製剤化する段階、及び/又は
(viii)段階(vii)の製剤を滅菌する段階。
1.18F−フルオロエタニダゾール(低酸素症イメージング用のFETA、T.J.Tewson,Nucl.Med.Biol.24,1997,755−760)、
2.(S)−[18F]フルオロエチルカラゾロール(β−アドレノセプター、P.H.Elsinga et al.,J.Lab.Cpd.Radiopharm.1999,S372−4)、
3.18F−フォルスコリン(アデニリルシクラーゼ、D.O.Kiesewetter et al.,J.Fluorine Chem.101,2000,297−304)、
4.18F−FNECA(アデノシンアゴニスト、S.Lehel et al.,J.Lab.Cpd.Radiopharm.43,2000,807−815)、及び
5.Gly−(2−[18F]フルオロエチル)NH9)オキシトシン(M.Jelinski et al.,J.Lab.Cpd.Radiopharm.45,2002,217−229)。
(i)本明細書に好適なもの及び好ましいものとして定義した式Iaのアジ化物を含む第1の容器、及び
(ii)本明細書に好適なもの及び好ましいものとして定義した本発明の方法の還元段階(ii)のために必要な試薬を含む第2の容器
を含んでいる。かかるキットはさらに、
(iii)本明細書に好適なもの及び好ましいものとして定義した[18F]−フッ化物イオンの適当な供給源を用いてフッ素化を行うための手段、及び任意には
(iv)不要の[18F]−フッ化物イオンを除去するためのカラム
を任意に含み得る。
実施例1は、元素態銅及び各種の酸の存在下で2−[18F]フルオロエチルアジドを2−[18F]フルオロエチルアミンに還元する本発明の方法の好ましい還元段階を記載している。
℃ 摂氏度
λ 波長
μCi マイクロキュリー
μl マイクロリットル
μm マイクロメートル
Bz ベンジル
DMF ジメチルホルムアミド
HPLC 高速液体クロマトグラフィー
mg ミリグラム
ml ミリリットル
mm ミリメートル
min 分
nm ナノメートル
PTFE ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(テフロン)(「テフロン」は登録商標)
s 秒
TFA トリフルオロ酢酸
tR 保持時間
実施例1:2−[ 18 F]フルオロエチルアミンの製造
円錐ガラスバイアル(ホイートン(Wheaton)、2ml)に、銅線のプラグ(0.1mm、90〜110mg)、酸(100μl、水中20%)、及び2−[18F]フルオロエチルアジド(100μl、279〜313μCi、M.Glaser and E.Årstad,Bioconj.Chem.2007;18:989に記載されているようにして製造した)を添加した。バイアルを80℃で30分間加熱し、アリコートをHPLC(カラム:Luna C18,50×4.6mm,3μm、溶媒A:水(0.1%TFA)、溶媒B:アセトニトリル(0.1%TFA)、流量:1ml/分、勾配:15分で5〜80%溶媒B、λ=254nm)によって分析した。生成物ピークは溶媒フロントと共に溶出した(tR=45秒)。
実施例2:9H−β−カルボリン−3−カルボン酸(2−[ 18 F]フルオロエチル)アミドのツーポット製法及びそれに続く製剤化
ホイートンバイアル(1ml)に、銅線のプラグ(116mg、Goodfellow社、Cat.No.CU005240/1)、メタンスルホン酸水溶液(100μl、14.8mg、0.154mmol、10%v/v)、及び2−[18F]フルオロエチルアジド(100μlのアセトニトリル中12.4mCi、M.Glaser and E.Årstad,Bioconj.Chem.2007;18:989−993に記載されているようにして製造した)を仕込んだ。80℃で30分間加熱した後、トリエチルアミン(90μl、0.770mmol)を添加した。9H−β−カルボリン−3−カルボン酸ペンタフルオロフェニルエステル(4mg、10.6μmol)のDMF(50μl)溶液を添加した。混合物を80℃で15分間インキュベートし、続いてアセトニトリル(100μl)で希釈した。反応溶液を濾過し(PTFE Acrodisc、0.45μm)、分取HPLC上に注入した。図4は、ワンポット法を用いた場合の9H−β−カルボリン−3−カルボン酸(2−[18F]フルオロエチル)アミドの分取HPLCクロマトグラムを示している(上部:放射能チャネル、下部:UVチャネル、254nm)。2−[18F]フルオロエチルアジドを基準にした標記化合物の崩壊補正された放射化学収率は、43%(3mCi)であった。(実施例2に記載した)製剤化を含めた製造時間は163分であった。
Claims (12)
- 下記の段階(i)及び(ii)を含んでなる放射性フッ素化方法。
(i)次の式Iaのアジ化物を[18F]−フッ化物イオンの適当な供給源で放射性フッ素化して次の式Ibの放射性フッ素化アジ化物を得る段階であって、有機溶媒中で実施される段階、及び
R1はC1-10アルキレン、C3-10シクロアルキレン、C5-14アリーレン、C1-10ヘテロアルキレン又はC3-13ヘテロアリーレンであり、
LGは、Cl、Br、I、トシレート(OTs)、ノシレート(ONs)、ブロシレート(OBs)、メシレート(OMs)及びトリフレート(OTf)から選択される脱離基である。)
(ii)式Ibの放射性フッ素化アジ化物を還元して次の式Icの放射性フッ素化アミンを得る段階であって、前記還元が、トリフルオロ酢酸(TFA)、リン酸(H 3 PO 4 )、硫酸(H 2 SO 4 )及びメタンスルホン酸(CH 3 SO 3 H)から選択される酸の存在下で元素態銅によって触媒される段階。
- さらに下記の段階(iii)を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
(iii)式Icの放射性フッ素化アミンを次の式Idの化合物と反応させる段階。
R2はC1-10アルキル、C1-10ヘテロアルキル、C3-10シクロアルキル、C4-20シクロアルキル−アルキル、C5-14アリール、C3-13ヘテロアリール、C6-20アルキレン−アリール、C6-20ヘテロアルキレン−アリール、C6-20アルキレン−ヘテロアリール及びC6-20ヘテロアルキレン−ヘテロアリールから選択されるR*基であって、R*は任意にはハロ、アミノ、ヒドロキシ及びニトロから選択される1以上の置換基で置換され、或いはR2は、ペプチド、タンパク質、抗体、炭水化物、脂質及び核酸から選択される生体分子、又は開環メタセシス重合(ROMP)用のノルボルネンの誘導体、バクテリオファージのタンパク質殻及びタンパク質被覆常磁性粒子から選択されるナノ粒子であり、R2は任意には1以上の保護基を含み、
R3は活性エステルであって、次の式IIaの放射性フッ素化アミドを与えるか、
或いは
R3はR*基であって、次の式IIbの放射性フッ素化アミンを与える。
- 段階(i)の[18F]−フッ化物イオンの前記適当な供給源が、ルビジウム、セシウム、クリプタンドと錯体化されたカリウム、及びテトラアルキルアンモニウム塩から選択されるカチオン性対イオンを含む[18F]−フッ化物イオン塩である、請求項1又は請求項2記載の方法。
- R2がR*基である、請求項2又は請求項3記載の方法。
- R*基がC1-10アルキル、C1-10ヘテロアルキル、C3-10シクロアルキル、C4-20シクロアルキル−アルキル、C5-14アリール、C3-13ヘテロアリール、C6-20アルキレン−アリール、C6-20ヘテロアルキレン−アリール、C6-20アルキレン−ヘテロアリール及びC6-20ヘテロアルキレン−ヘテロアリールから選択される、請求項2乃至請求項4のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 生成物が式IIaのアミドであり、段階(iii)に関してはR3が活性エステルである、請求項2乃至請求項5のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記段階(iii)が塩基の存在下において双極性非プロトン性溶媒中で実施される、請求項6記載の方法。
- 活性エステルがクロリド、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミジル、N−ヒドロキシアゾベンゾトリアゾリル、ペンタフルオロフェニル及びチオフェニルから選択される、請求項6又は請求項7記載の方法。
- 生成物が式IIbのアミンであり、段階(iii)に関してはR3がR*基である、請求項2乃至請求項5のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記段階(iii)が非プロトン性溶媒中で実施される、請求項9記載の方法。
- さらに下記の段階の1以上を任意の順序で含む、請求項2乃至請求項10のいずれか1項記載の方法。
(iv)R1〜R3のいずれかが1以上の保護基を含む場合、前記保護基を除去する段階、及び/又は
(v)過剰の[18F]−フッ化物イオンを除去する段階、及び/又は
(vi)前記反応段階(iii)のために適した溶媒が有機溶媒である場合、前記溶媒を除去する段階、及び/又は
(vii)前記式IIaの放射性フッ素化アミド又は前記式IIbの放射性フッ素化アミンを生体適合性キャリヤーと共に製剤化する段階、及び/又は
(viii)段階(vii)の製剤を滅菌する段階。 - 自動化合成装置で実施される、請求項1乃至請求項11のいずれか1項記載の方法。
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